EP3281264B1 - Spark plug - Google Patents

Spark plug Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3281264B1
EP3281264B1 EP17713154.7A EP17713154A EP3281264B1 EP 3281264 B1 EP3281264 B1 EP 3281264B1 EP 17713154 A EP17713154 A EP 17713154A EP 3281264 B1 EP3281264 B1 EP 3281264B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spark plug
plug according
ignition
supply line
electrode
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP17713154.7A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3281264A1 (en
Inventor
Georg Maul
Steffen Kuhnert
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DKT Verwaltungs GmbH
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DKT Verwaltungs GmbH
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Publication of EP3281264A1 publication Critical patent/EP3281264A1/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/02—Details
    • H01T13/16—Means for dissipating heat
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/02—Details
    • H01T13/04—Means providing electrical connection to sparking plugs
    • H01T13/05—Means providing electrical connection to sparking plugs combined with interference suppressing or shielding means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
    • H01T13/34—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation characterised by the mounting of electrodes in insulation, e.g. by embedding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
    • H01T13/36—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation characterised by the joint between insulation and body, e.g. using cement
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
    • H01T13/39—Selection of materials for electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/40—Sparking plugs structurally combined with other devices
    • H01T13/41—Sparking plugs structurally combined with other devices with interference suppressing or shielding means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/46—Sparking plugs having two or more spark gaps
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/46—Sparking plugs having two or more spark gaps
    • H01T13/467—Sparking plugs having two or more spark gaps in parallel connection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/54—Sparking plugs having electrodes arranged in a partly-enclosed ignition chamber

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a spark plug, in particular a prechamber spark plug, with a housing, an ignition electrode and a ground electrode, with a supply line for applying electrical voltage to the ignition electrode being arranged and with the supply line having a front area facing the ignition electrode and a rear area facing an ignition coil .
  • these are used to ignite the compressed fuel-air mixture in the combustion chamber of the cylinder.
  • a high-voltage spark at the spark plug ignites the compressed fuel-air mixture.
  • the EP 1 961 090 A1 describes a spark plug comprising an ignition electrode and a ground electrode.
  • the spark plug has an extended tubular housing in which runs a supply line for applying electrical voltage to the ignition electrode.
  • the supply line includes a rear area facing the ignition coil and a front area facing the ignition electrode.
  • the front area is formed by a glass body in which copper and carbon particles are embedded, resulting in a defined resistance that acts as an interference suppression resistor.
  • the interference suppression resistor is used to suppress the high-frequency interference pulses generated by the ignition sparks in order to comply with the limit values specified for electromagnetic compatibility (EMC).
  • EMC electromagnetic compatibility
  • a spark plug according to the preamble of claim 1 is off DE 862 977 C , DE 14 39 995 A1 or DE 30 23 288 A1 famous
  • a problem with the known spark plugs is that they are exposed to high temperatures during operation, so that the interference suppression resistor is also heated. Furthermore, the interference suppression resistor heats up due to the current flowing. This leads to the electrical resistance of the interference suppression resistor changing, namely due to the increased temperature. Furthermore, the interference suppression resistor heats up the spark plug as a whole, which has a negative effect on the ignition and thus affects the service life of the spark plug and the function of the engine.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of designing and developing a spark plug of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that reliable interference suppression while avoiding excessive heating is ensured using structurally simple means.
  • the above object is achieved by the features of claim 1. Accordingly, the spark plug in question is characterized in that only the ignition cable has a sufficiently high electrical resistance to act as an interference suppression resistor.
  • an interference suppression resistor does not necessarily have to be provided in the front area of the supply line.
  • interference suppression can be implemented in an incredibly simple manner in that only the rear region of the supply line has a sufficiently high electrical resistance and thus acts as an interference suppression resistor. Due to the lack of interference suppression resistance in the front area of the supply line, the heat development is extremely low, so that the ignition properties are significantly improved. Furthermore, the construction according to the invention has a positive effect on the service life of the spark plug.
  • interference suppression resistance is to be understood in the broadest sense, namely remote interference suppression - reducing the interference field strength to protect radio and television reception - and/or local interference suppression - for example reducing the interference field strength to avoid interference in the Alternator - may include.
  • the second area of the supply line can advantageously have an electrical resistance of 3 k ⁇ /m to 10 k ⁇ /m, in particular 4 k ⁇ /m to 8 k ⁇ /m.
  • an electrical resistance of 5 k ⁇ /m to 6 k ⁇ /m has proven to be particularly advantageous for the realization of an interference suppression resistor.
  • the second area of the supply line is implemented by an ignition cable.
  • This can be a commercially available ignition cable, which has a correspondingly high electrical resistance, so that it acts as an interference suppression resistor.
  • the spark plug is particularly simple and inexpensive to manufacture.
  • it can be a reactance ignition line that has a silicone jacket that surrounds a textile braid. Silicone insulation can be provided within the textile mesh, which surrounds a stainless steel resistance wire, which ensures optimum high-voltage transmission with constant resistance values.
  • a ferromagnetic silicone which is held by a carrier, can be arranged inside the stainless steel resistance wire in order to implement the interference suppression effect.
  • the front area of the supply line can have an electrical conductor.
  • the electrical conductor can be a wire, for example.
  • the electrical conductor can be surrounded by a seal at least in certain areas. Ideally, the seal can be a glass melt.
  • the electrical conductor can have a diameter of less than one millimeter, preferably less than 0.7 mm. Ideally, the electrical conductor can have a diameter of 0.1 mm to 0.2 mm. In order to achieve the lowest possible electrical resistance, the electrical conductor can be made of nickel or a nickel alloy.
  • the front area has an electrode pin which has an ignition electrode carrier at one end and an ignition electrode carrier at the other end connected to the electrical conductor. This arrangement ensures that the required supply voltage is applied to the ignition electrode extremely effectively.
  • the electrode pin can have a copper core.
  • an insulator can be formed, which at least partially encloses the front area.
  • the insulator can preferably consist of a ceramic, for example aluminum oxide, aluminum nitride or a composite material comprising aluminum nitride or aluminum oxide.
  • a housing extension for example made of steel, can be attached to the housing of the spark plug.
  • the housing extension can in particular be tubular and/or fixed to the housing via a welded connection.
  • an electrically insulating material can be arranged between the housing extension and the supply line, in particular with a dielectric strength of more than 5 kV/m.
  • the electrically insulating material can be a gel, for example, in particular a silicone gel. This can preferably be a pourable two-component mixture.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 an embodiment of a spark plug according to the invention is shown. This is a prechamber spark plug, it being expressly pointed out that the device according to the invention does not necessarily have to be designed as a prechamber spark plug.
  • the spark plug comprises a cap 2 serving as a ground electrode 1 .
  • An ignition electrode 4 is arranged inside the prechamber 3 formed by the cap 2 .
  • a housing 5 adjoins the cap 2 , namely it is connected to the cap 2 via a weld seam 6 .
  • a thread 7 and a seal 8 are formed on the housing 5, so that the spark plug can be securely connected to the ignition chamber and closes it off.
  • a section of the housing 5 to be of conical design, so that the spark plug can be connected to the ignition chamber by means of a clamp.
  • the ignition electrode 4 is realized in the form of two strips, each with ends curved in an arc.
  • the strips each have two ends that act as an ignition surface. It is conceivable that the strips consist of an iridium alloy or a platinum alloy.
  • a supply line 9 which has a front area 10 and a rear area 11 .
  • the front area 10 is formed by an electrode pin 12 and an electrical conductor 13 .
  • the electrical conductor 13 can be realized as a wire, in particular consisting of nickel or a nickel alloy.
  • the electrical conductor 13 is connected to the electrode pin 12 which is in contact with an ignition electrode carrier 14 .
  • a seal 15 is formed around a portion of the electrical conductor 13 and the electrode pin 12 .
  • the seal 15 can be implemented as glass melt, for example.
  • the front portion 10 is surrounded by an insulator 16 which may be made of a ceramic such as aluminum oxide or aluminum nitride. Due to the construction of the front area 10, it has an extremely low electrical resistance.
  • An ignition cable 17 connects to the electrical conductor 13, which forms the rear region 11 and is therefore an integral or fixed part of the spark plug.
  • a connecting means 18 is provided on the end of the ignition cable 17 facing the ignition coil in order to ensure a secure mechanical and electrical connection to the ignition coil or the ignition system. Due to the small diameter of the electrical conductor 13, the capacitance of the section between the ignition cable 17 and the ignition electrode 4 is extremely low.
  • the ignition cable 17 has an electrical resistance that is sufficient to act as an interference suppression resistor. Thus, the suppression resistance is realized exclusively by the rear area 11, namely the ignition cable 17. This optimizes the heat development of the spark plug with remarkably simple means and reliable interference suppression is guaranteed.
  • a housing extension 19 is arranged on the housing 5 .
  • the housing extension 19 is tubular and is connected to the housing via a weld seam 20 .
  • the housing extension 19 encloses at least a portion of the front portion 10 and the rear portion 11 .
  • An electrically insulating material 21 for example a silicone gel, is arranged between the front area 10 or the rear area 11 and the housing extension 19 .
  • the insulating material 21 can have a dielectric strength of more than 5 kV/mm.
  • a point of attack 22 for a handling means is also shown. This can be a hexagon, for example, so that the spark plug can be screwed into the ignition chamber with a corresponding key.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Spark Plugs (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Zündkerze, insbesondere Vorkammerzündkerze, mit einem Gehäuse, einer Zündelektrode und einer Masseelektrode, wobei eine Versorgungsleitung zur Beaufschlagung der Zündelektrode mit elektrischer Spannung angeordnet ist und wobei die Versorgungsleitung einen der Zündelektrode zugewandten vorderen Bereich und einen einer Zündspule zugewandten hinteren Bereich aufweist.The present invention relates to a spark plug, in particular a prechamber spark plug, with a housing, an ignition electrode and a ground electrode, with a supply line for applying electrical voltage to the ignition electrode being arranged and with the supply line having a front area facing the ignition electrode and a rear area facing an ignition coil .

Zündkerzen der in Rede stehenden Art sind seit Jahren aus der Praxis bekannt.Spark plugs of the type in question have been known in practice for years.

Diese dienen bei einem Verbrennungsmotor der Entflammung des verdichteten Kraftstoff-Luft-Gemisches im Brennraum des Zylinders. Dabei zündet ein Hochspannungsfunken an der Zündkerze das verdichtete Kraftstoff-Luft-Gemisch.In an internal combustion engine, these are used to ignite the compressed fuel-air mixture in the combustion chamber of the cylinder. A high-voltage spark at the spark plug ignites the compressed fuel-air mixture.

Beispielsweise ist in der EP 1 961 090 A1 eine Zündkerze umfassend eine Zündelektrode und eine Masseelektrode beschrieben. Die Zündkerze weist ein verlängertes Rohrgehäuse auf, in dem eine Versorgungsleitung zur Beaufschlagung der Zündelektrode mit elektrischer Spannung verläuft. Die Versorgungsleitung umfasst einen der Zündspule zugewandten hinteren Bereich sowie einen der Zündelektrode zugewandten vorderen Bereich. Der vordere Bereich wird von einem Glaskörper gebildet, in dem Kupfer- und Kohlenstoffpartikel eingelagert sind, so dass sich ein definierter Widerstand ergibt, der als Entstörwiderstand wirkt. Der Entstörwiderstand dient dazu, die durch die Zündfunken erzeugten hochfrequenten Störimpulse zu unterdrücken, um die für die elektromagnetische Verträglichkeit (EMV) vorgegebenen Grenzwerte einzuhalten.For example, in the EP 1 961 090 A1 describes a spark plug comprising an ignition electrode and a ground electrode. The spark plug has an extended tubular housing in which runs a supply line for applying electrical voltage to the ignition electrode. The supply line includes a rear area facing the ignition coil and a front area facing the ignition electrode. The front area is formed by a glass body in which copper and carbon particles are embedded, resulting in a defined resistance that acts as an interference suppression resistor. The interference suppression resistor is used to suppress the high-frequency interference pulses generated by the ignition sparks in order to comply with the limit values specified for electromagnetic compatibility (EMC).

Eine Zündkerze gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 ist aus DE 862 977 C , DE 14 39 995 A1 oder DE 30 23 288 A1 bekanntA spark plug according to the preamble of claim 1 is off DE 862 977 C , DE 14 39 995 A1 or DE 30 23 288 A1 famous

Bei den bekannten Zündkerzen ist problematisch, dass diese im Betrieb hohen Temperaturen ausgesetzt sind, so dass auch der Entstörwiderstand erhitzt wird. Des Weiteren heizt sich der Entstörwiderstand durch den fließenden Strom auf. Dies führt dazu, dass sich der elektrische Widerstand des Entstörwiderstandes ändert, nämlich aufgrund der erhöhten Temperatur. Des Weiteren heizt der Entstörwiderstand die Zündkerze insgesamt auf, was sich negativ auf die Zündung und somit die Lebensdauer der Zündkerze sowie die Funktion des Motors auswirkt.A problem with the known spark plugs is that they are exposed to high temperatures during operation, so that the interference suppression resistor is also heated. Furthermore, the interference suppression resistor heats up due to the current flowing. This leads to the electrical resistance of the interference suppression resistor changing, namely due to the increased temperature. Furthermore, the interference suppression resistor heats up the spark plug as a whole, which has a negative effect on the ignition and thus affects the service life of the spark plug and the function of the engine.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Zündkerze der eingangs genannten Art derart auszugestalten und weiterzubilden, dass mit konstruktiv einfachen Mitteln eine zuverlässige Entstörung unter Vermeidung einer übermäßigen Erhitzung gewährleistet ist.The present invention is therefore based on the object of designing and developing a spark plug of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that reliable interference suppression while avoiding excessive heating is ensured using structurally simple means.

Erfindungsgemäß wird die voranstehende Aufgabe durch die Merkmale des Anspruches 1 gelöst. Danach ist die in Rede stehende Zündkerze dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ausschließlich das Zündkabel einen ausreichend hohen elektrischen Widerstand aufweist, um als Entstörwiderstand zu wirken.According to the invention, the above object is achieved by the features of claim 1. Accordingly, the spark plug in question is characterized in that only the ignition cable has a sufficiently high electrical resistance to act as an interference suppression resistor.

In erfindungsgemäßer Weise ist in Abkehr von einem Vorurteil der Fachwelt zunächst erkannt worden, dass ein Entstörwiderstand nicht zwangsweise im vorderen Bereich der Versorgungsleitung vorgesehen sein muss. Im Konkreten ist erkannt worden, dass eine Entstörung in verblüffend einfacher Weise realisierbar ist, indem ausschließlich der hintere Bereich der Versorgungsleitung einen ausreichend hohen elektrischen Widerstand aufweist und somit als Entstörwiderstand wirkt. Aufgrund des fehlenden Entstörwiderstandes im vorderen Bereich der Versorgungsleitung ist die Hitzeentwicklung äußerst gering, so dass sich die Zündeigenschaften wesentlich verbessern. Des Weiteren wirkt sich die erfindungsgemäße Konstruktion positiv auf die Lebensdauer der Zündkerze aus. An dieser Stelle sei darauf hingewiesen, dass der Begriff Entstörwiderstand im weitesten Sinne zu verstehen ist, nämlich eine Fernentstörung - die Herabsetzung der Störfeldstärke zum Schutz des Rundfunk- und Fernsehempfangs - und/oder eine Nahentstörung - beispielweise die Herabsetzung der Störfeldstärke zur Vermeidung von Störungen der Lichtmaschine - umfassen kann.In a manner according to the invention, it was first recognized, turning away from a prejudice in the art, that an interference suppression resistor does not necessarily have to be provided in the front area of the supply line. In concrete terms, it has been recognized that interference suppression can be implemented in an amazingly simple manner in that only the rear region of the supply line has a sufficiently high electrical resistance and thus acts as an interference suppression resistor. Due to the lack of interference suppression resistance in the front area of the supply line, the heat development is extremely low, so that the ignition properties are significantly improved. Furthermore, the construction according to the invention has a positive effect on the service life of the spark plug. At this point it should be pointed out that the term interference suppression resistance is to be understood in the broadest sense, namely remote interference suppression - reducing the interference field strength to protect radio and television reception - and/or local interference suppression - for example reducing the interference field strength to avoid interference in the Alternator - may include.

In vorteilhafter Weise kann der zweite Bereich der Versorgungsleitung einen elektrischen Widerstand von 3 kΩ/m bis 10 kΩ/m, insbesondere 4 kΩ/m bis 8 kΩ/m aufweisen. Insbesondere ein elektrischer Widerstand von 5 kΩ/m bis 6 kΩ/m hat sich als besonders vorteilhaft für die Realisierung eines Entstörwiderstandes erwiesen.The second area of the supply line can advantageously have an electrical resistance of 3 kΩ/m to 10 kΩ/m, in particular 4 kΩ/m to 8 kΩ/m. In particular, an electrical resistance of 5 kΩ/m to 6 kΩ/m has proven to be particularly advantageous for the realization of an interference suppression resistor.

Im Konkreten ist der zweite Bereich der Versorgungsleitung durch ein Zündkabel realisiert. Dabei kann es sich um ein handelsübliches Zündkabel handeln, welches einen entsprechend hohen elektrischen Widerstand aufweist, so dass dieser als Entstörwiderstand wirkt. Durch diese konstruktive Maßnahme ist die Zündkerze besonders einfach und preisgünstig in der Herstellung. Beispielsweise kann es sich um eine Reaktanz-Zündleitung handeln, die einen Silikonmantel aufweist, der ein Textilgeflecht umgibt. Innerhalb des Textilgeflechtes kann eine Silikonisolierung vorgesehen sein, die einen Edelstahlwiderstandsdraht umgibt, der für eine optimale Hochspannungsübertragung bei gleichbleibenden Widerstandswerten sorgt. Innerhalb des Edelstahlwiderstandsdrahtes kann ein ferromagnetisches Silikon zur Realisierung der Entstörwirkung angeordnet sein, das von einem Träger gehalten wird.Specifically, the second area of the supply line is implemented by an ignition cable. This can be a commercially available ignition cable, which has a correspondingly high electrical resistance, so that it acts as an interference suppression resistor. As a result of this design measure, the spark plug is particularly simple and inexpensive to manufacture. For example, it can be a reactance ignition line that has a silicone jacket that surrounds a textile braid. Silicone insulation can be provided within the textile mesh, which surrounds a stainless steel resistance wire, which ensures optimum high-voltage transmission with constant resistance values. A ferromagnetic silicone, which is held by a carrier, can be arranged inside the stainless steel resistance wire in order to implement the interference suppression effect.

In weiter vorteilhafter Weise kann der vordere Bereich der Versorgungsleitung einen elektrischen Leiter aufweisen. Bei dem elektrischen Leiter kann es sich beispielsweise um einen Draht handeln. Um eine zuverlässige Funktionsweise der Zündkerze zu gewährleisten kann der elektrische Leiter zumindest bereichsweise von einer Abdichtung umgeben sein. In idealer Weise kann es sich bei der Abdichtung um eine Glasschmelze handeln.In a further advantageous manner, the front area of the supply line can have an electrical conductor. The electrical conductor can be a wire, for example. In order to ensure reliable functioning of the spark plug, the electrical conductor can be surrounded by a seal at least in certain areas. Ideally, the seal can be a glass melt.

Um die Kapazität zwischen dem hinteren Bereich der Versorgungsleitung und der Zündelektrode möglichst gering zu halten, kann der elektrische Leiter einen Durchmesser von weniger als einem Millimeter, vorzugsweise von weniger als 0,7 mm, aufweisen. In idealer Weise kann der elektrische Leiter einen Durchmesser von 0,1 mm bis 0,2 mm aufweisen. Zur Realisierung eines möglichst geringen elektrischen Widerstandes kann der elektrische Leiter aus Nickel oder einer Nickellegierung hergestellt sein.In order to keep the capacitance between the rear area of the supply line and the ignition electrode as low as possible, the electrical conductor can have a diameter of less than one millimeter, preferably less than 0.7 mm. Ideally, the electrical conductor can have a diameter of 0.1 mm to 0.2 mm. In order to achieve the lowest possible electrical resistance, the electrical conductor can be made of nickel or a nickel alloy.

Des Weiteren ist denkbar, dass der vordere Bereich einen Elektrodenstift aufweist, der an einem Ende mit einem Zündelektrodenträger und an dem anderen Ende mit dem elektrischen Leiter verbunden ist. Diese Anordnung gewährleistet eine äußerst effektive Beaufschlagung der Zündelektrode mit der benötigten Versorgungsspannung. Zur weiteren Verbesserung der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit kann der Elektrodenstift einen Kupferkern aufweisen.Furthermore, it is conceivable that the front area has an electrode pin which has an ignition electrode carrier at one end and an ignition electrode carrier at the other end connected to the electrical conductor. This arrangement ensures that the required supply voltage is applied to the ignition electrode extremely effectively. To further improve the electrical conductivity, the electrode pin can have a copper core.

Zur Abschirmung des vorderen Bereichs kann ein Isolator ausgebildet sein, welcher den vorderen Bereich zumindest teilweise umschließt. Der Isolator kann in bevorzugter Weise aus einer Keramik bestehen, beispielsweise Aluminiumoxid, Aluminiumnitrid oder einem Verbundwerkstoff umfassend Aluminiumnitrid bzw. Aluminiumoxid.To shield the front area, an insulator can be formed, which at least partially encloses the front area. The insulator can preferably consist of a ceramic, for example aluminum oxide, aluminum nitride or a composite material comprising aluminum nitride or aluminum oxide.

In weiter vorteilhafter Weise kann sich eine Gehäuseverlängerung, beispielsweise aus Stahl, an das Gehäuse der Zündkerze anschließen. Die Gehäuseverlängerung kann dabei insbesondere rohrförmig ausgebildet sein und/oder an dem Gehäuse über eine Schweißverbindung festgelegt sein. Des Weiteren kann zwischen der Gehäuseverlängerung und der Versorgungsleitung ein elektrisch isolierendes Material angeordnet sein, insbesondere mit einer Durchschlagfestigkeit von über 5 kV/m. Das elektrisch isolierende Material kann beispielsweise ein Gel, insbesondere ein Silikongel sein. Vorzugsweise kann es sich dabei um eine gießbare Zwei-Komponenten-Mischung handeln.In a further advantageous manner, a housing extension, for example made of steel, can be attached to the housing of the spark plug. The housing extension can in particular be tubular and/or fixed to the housing via a welded connection. Furthermore, an electrically insulating material can be arranged between the housing extension and the supply line, in particular with a dielectric strength of more than 5 kV/m. The electrically insulating material can be a gel, for example, in particular a silicone gel. This can preferably be a pourable two-component mixture.

Es gibt nun verschiedene Möglichkeiten, die Lehre der vorliegenden Erfindung in vorteilhafter Weise auszugestalten und weiterzubilden. Dazu ist einerseits auf die dem Anspruch 1 nachgeordneten Ansprüche und andererseits auf die nachfolgende Erläuterung bevorzugter Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung zu verweisen. In Verbindung mit der Erläuterung der bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung werden auch im Allgemeinen bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Lehre erläutert. In der Zeichnung zeigen

Fig. 1
in einer schematischen, geschnittenen Darstellung ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Zündkerze und
Fig. 2
in einer schematischen, geschnittenen Darstellung einen vergrößerten Ausschnitt des Ausführungsbeispiels gemäß Fig.1.
There are now various possibilities for embodying and developing the teaching of the present invention in an advantageous manner. For this purpose, on the one hand, reference is made to the claims subordinate to claim 1 and, on the other hand, to the following explanation of preferred exemplary embodiments of the invention with reference to the drawing. In connection with the explanation of the preferred exemplary embodiments of the invention based on the drawing, preferred configurations and developments of the teaching are also explained in general. Show in the drawing
1
in a schematic, sectional representation of an embodiment of a spark plug according to the invention and
2
in a schematic, sectional view, an enlarged section of the embodiment according to FIG Fig.1 .

In den Figuren 1 und 2 ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Zündkerze gezeigt. Dabei handelt es sich um eine Vorkammerzündkerze, wobei ausdrücklich darauf hingewiesen wird, dass die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung nicht zwangsweise als Vorkammerzündkerze ausgebildet sein muss.In the figures 1 and 2 an embodiment of a spark plug according to the invention is shown. This is a prechamber spark plug, it being expressly pointed out that the device according to the invention does not necessarily have to be designed as a prechamber spark plug.

Die Zündkerze umfasst eine als Masseelektrode 1 dienende Kappe 2. Innerhalb der von der Kappe 2 gebildeten Vorkammer 3 ist eine Zündelektrode 4 angeordnet. Des Weiteren schließt sich an die Kappe 2 ein Gehäuse 5 an, ist nämlich mit der Kappe 2 über eine Schweißnaht 6 verbunden. An dem Gehäuse 5 sind ein Gewinde 7 sowie eine Dichtung 8 ausgebildet, so dass die Zündkerze sicher mit dem Zündraum verbindbar ist und diesen abschließt. Alternativ oder zusätzlich ist denkbar, dass ein Abschnitt des Gehäuses 5 konisch ausgebildet ist, so dass die Zündkerze über eine Klemmung mit dem Zündraum verbindbar ist.The spark plug comprises a cap 2 serving as a ground electrode 1 . An ignition electrode 4 is arranged inside the prechamber 3 formed by the cap 2 . Furthermore, a housing 5 adjoins the cap 2 , namely it is connected to the cap 2 via a weld seam 6 . A thread 7 and a seal 8 are formed on the housing 5, so that the spark plug can be securely connected to the ignition chamber and closes it off. As an alternative or in addition, it is conceivable for a section of the housing 5 to be of conical design, so that the spark plug can be connected to the ignition chamber by means of a clamp.

Die Zündelektrode 4 ist in dem hier dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel in Form von zwei Streifen mit jeweils bogenförmig gekrümmten Enden realisiert. Die Streifen weisen jeweils zwei Enden auf, die als Zündfläche wirken. Dabei ist denkbar, dass die Streifen aus einer Iridiumlegierung oder einer Platinlegierung bestehen.In the exemplary embodiment illustrated here, the ignition electrode 4 is realized in the form of two strips, each with ends curved in an arc. The strips each have two ends that act as an ignition surface. It is conceivable that the strips consist of an iridium alloy or a platinum alloy.

Um die Zündelektrode 4 mit elektrischer Spannung zu versorgen, ist eine Versorgungsleitung 9 vorgesehen, die einen vorderen Bereich 10 und einen hinteren Bereich 11 aufweist. Der vordere Bereich 10 wird von einem Elektrodenstift 12 und einem elektrischen Leiter 13 gebildet. Der elektrische Leiter 13 kann als Draht, insbesondere bestehend aus Nickel oder aus einer Nickellegierung, realisiert sein. Der elektrische Leiter 13 ist mit dem Elektrodenstift 12 verbunden, der mit einem Zündelektrodenträger 14 in Kontakt steht. Des Weiteren ist eine Abdichtung 15 um einen Bereich des elektrischen Leiters 13 und des Elektrodenstiftes 12 ausgebildet. Die Abdichtung 15 kann beispielsweise als Glasschmelze realisiert sein. Der vordere Bereich 10 ist von einem Isolator 16 umgeben, der aus einer Keramik hergestellt sein kann, beispielsweise aus Aluminiumoxid oder Aluminiumnitrid. Durch die Konstruktion des vorderen Bereichs 10 weist dieser einen äußerst geringen elektrischen Widerstand auf.In order to supply the ignition electrode 4 with electrical voltage, a supply line 9 is provided which has a front area 10 and a rear area 11 . The front area 10 is formed by an electrode pin 12 and an electrical conductor 13 . The electrical conductor 13 can be realized as a wire, in particular consisting of nickel or a nickel alloy. The electrical conductor 13 is connected to the electrode pin 12 which is in contact with an ignition electrode carrier 14 . Furthermore, a seal 15 is formed around a portion of the electrical conductor 13 and the electrode pin 12 . The seal 15 can be implemented as glass melt, for example. The front portion 10 is surrounded by an insulator 16 which may be made of a ceramic such as aluminum oxide or aluminum nitride. Due to the construction of the front area 10, it has an extremely low electrical resistance.

An den elektrischen Leiter 13 schließt sich ein Zündkabel 17 an, das den hinteren Bereich 11 bildet und somit integraler bzw. fester Bestandteil der Zündkerze ist. An dem der Zündspule zugewandten Ende des Zündkabels 17 ist ein Verbindungsmittel 18 vorgesehen, um eine sichere mechanische und elektrische Verbindung mit der Zündspule bzw. der Zündanlage zu gewährleisten. Aufgrund des geringen Durchmessers des elektrischen Leiters 13 ist die Kapazität des Abschnitts zwischen Zündkabel 17 und Zündelektrode 4 äußerst niedrig. Das Zündkabel 17 weist einen elektrischen Widerstand auf, der ausreichend ist, um als Entstörwiderstand zu wirken. Somit wird der Entstörwiderstand ausschließlich von dem hinteren Bereich 11, nämlich dem Zündkabel 17 realisiert. Dadurch wird die Hitzeentwicklung der Zündkerze mit verblüffend einfachen Mitteln optimiert und eine sichere Entstörung ist gewährleistet.An ignition cable 17 connects to the electrical conductor 13, which forms the rear region 11 and is therefore an integral or fixed part of the spark plug. A connecting means 18 is provided on the end of the ignition cable 17 facing the ignition coil in order to ensure a secure mechanical and electrical connection to the ignition coil or the ignition system. Due to the small diameter of the electrical conductor 13, the capacitance of the section between the ignition cable 17 and the ignition electrode 4 is extremely low. The ignition cable 17 has an electrical resistance that is sufficient to act as an interference suppression resistor. Thus, the suppression resistance is realized exclusively by the rear area 11, namely the ignition cable 17. This optimizes the heat development of the spark plug with amazingly simple means and reliable interference suppression is guaranteed.

An dem Gehäuse 5 ist eine Gehäuseverlängerung 19 angeordnet. In diesem Ausführungsbeispiel ist die Gehäuseverlängerung 19 rohrförmig ausgebildet und über eine Schweißnaht 20 mit dem Gehäuse verbunden. Die Gehäuseverlängerung 19 schließt zumindest einen Teil des vorderen Bereichs 10 und des hinteren Bereichs 11 ein. Zwischen dem vorderen Bereich 10 bzw. dem hinteren Bereich 11 und der Gehäuseverlängerung 19 ist ein elektrisch isolierendes Material 21, beispielsweise ein Silikongel, angeordnet. Das isolierende Material 21 kann in besonders vorteilhafter Weise eine Durchschlagsfestigkeit von über 5 kV/mm aufweisen. In Fig. 1 ist weiterhin eine Angriffstelle 22 für ein Handhabungsmittel gezeigt. Dabei kann es sich beispielsweise um einen Sechskant handeln, so dass die Zündkerze mit einem korrespondierenden Schlüssel in den Zündraum einschraubbar ist.A housing extension 19 is arranged on the housing 5 . In this exemplary embodiment, the housing extension 19 is tubular and is connected to the housing via a weld seam 20 . The housing extension 19 encloses at least a portion of the front portion 10 and the rear portion 11 . An electrically insulating material 21 , for example a silicone gel, is arranged between the front area 10 or the rear area 11 and the housing extension 19 . In a particularly advantageous manner, the insulating material 21 can have a dielectric strength of more than 5 kV/mm. In 1 a point of attack 22 for a handling means is also shown. This can be a hexagon, for example, so that the spark plug can be screwed into the ignition chamber with a corresponding key.

Hinsichtlich weiterer vorteilhafter Ausgestaltungen der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung wird zur Vermeidung von Wiederholungen auf den allgemeinen Teil der Beschreibung sowie auf die beigefügten Ansprüche verwiesen.With regard to further advantageous configurations of the device according to the invention, to avoid repetition, reference is made to the general part of the description and to the appended claims.

Schließlich sei ausdrücklich darauf hingewiesen, dass die voranstehend beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiele der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung lediglich zur Erörterung der beanspruchten Lehre dienen, diese jedoch nicht auf die Ausführungsbeispiele einschränken.Finally, it should be expressly pointed out that the above-described exemplary embodiments of the device according to the invention only serve to explain the claimed teaching, but do not restrict it to the exemplary embodiments.

BezugszeichenlisteReference List

11
Masseelektrodeground electrode
22
Kappecap
33
Vorkammerantechamber
44
Zündelektrodeignition electrode
55
GehäuseHousing
66
SchweißnahtWeld
77
Gewindethread
88th
Dichtungpoetry
99
Versorgungsleitungsupply line
1010
vorderer Bereichfront area
1111
hinterer Bereichthe backstage area
1212
Elektrodenstiftelectrode pin
1313
elektrische Leiterelectrical conductors
1414
Zündelektrodenträgerignition electrode carrier
1515
Abdichtungseal
1616
Isolatorinsulator
1717
Zündkabelignition cable
1818
Verbindungsmittellanyard
1919
Gehäuseverlängerunghousing extension
2020
SchweißnahtWeld
2121
isolierendes Materialinsulating material
2222
Angriffstellepoint of attack

Claims (12)

  1. Spark plug, in particular a prechamber spark plug, having a housing (5), an ignition electrode (4), an earth electrode (1) and a supply line (9), wherein the supply line (9) serves to act on the ignition electrode (4) with electrical voltage and wherein the supply line (9) has a front region (10) which faces the ignition electrode (4) and a rear region (11) which faces an ignition coil,
    wherein the rear region (11) is produced by means of an ignition cable (17), characterised in that exclusively the ignition cable (17) has a sufficiently high electrical resistance to act as a resistance type suppressor.
  2. Spark plug according to claim 1, characterised in that the rear region (11) has an electrical resistance of from 3 kΩ/m to 10 kΩ/m, in particular from 4 kΩ/m to 8 kΩ/m, preferably from 5 kΩ/m to 6 kΩ/m.
  3. Spark plug according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the front region (10) has an electrical conductor (13), in particular a wire.
  4. Spark plug according to claim 3, characterised in that the electrical conductor (13) is at least partially surrounded by a seal (15), in particular a glass melt.
  5. Spark plug according to claim 3 or 4, characterised in that the electrical conductor (13) has a diameter of less than 1.0 mm, preferably less than 0.7 mm.
  6. Spark plug according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterised in that the electrical conductor (13) is produced from nickel or a nickel alloy.
  7. Spark plug according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterised in that the front region (10) has an electrode pin (12) which is connected at one end to an ignition electrode carrier (14) and at the other end to the electrical conductor (13).
  8. Spark plug according to claim 7, characterised in that the electrode pin (12) has a copper core.
  9. Spark plug according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that an insulator (16), preferably made of ceramic material, at least partially surrounds the front region (10).
  10. Spark plug according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that an in particular tubular housing extension (19) adjoins the housing (5).
  11. Spark plug according to claim 10, characterised in that the housing extension (19) surrounds at least a portion of the supply line (9) and in that an electrically insulating material (21) is arranged between the housing extension (19) and the supply line (9).
  12. Spark plug according to claim 11, characterised in that the electrically insulating material (21) is a gel, in particular a silicone gel.
EP17713154.7A 2016-04-25 2017-01-23 Spark plug Active EP3281264B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016206993.4A DE102016206993A1 (en) 2016-04-25 2016-04-25 spark plug
PCT/DE2017/200005 WO2017186239A1 (en) 2016-04-25 2017-01-23 Spark plug

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EP3281264A1 EP3281264A1 (en) 2018-02-14
EP3281264B1 true EP3281264B1 (en) 2022-04-27

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DE (1) DE102016206993A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2017186239A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102018217335A1 (en) * 2018-10-10 2020-04-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method for operating an internal combustion engine, control unit for performing the method
JP6910496B1 (en) 2020-04-06 2021-07-28 日本特殊陶業株式会社 Spark plug
DE102021203101A1 (en) * 2021-03-29 2022-09-29 Dkt Verwaltungs-Gmbh Spark plug and a method of manufacturing a spark plug

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JPS5459531A (en) * 1977-10-20 1979-05-14 Nissan Motor Co Ltd High voltage wire for igniter
US5603306A (en) * 1995-02-03 1997-02-18 Tai; Tsai-Ting Ignition cable means for eliminating inerference
JP2001317440A (en) * 2000-03-28 2001-11-16 Nology Engineering Inc Spark plug cable, and adjusting method for spark plug cable

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DE862977C (en) * 1942-03-13 1953-01-15 Bosch Gmbh Robert Device for suppressing the interfering waves emanating from spark gaps in ignition and lighting systems in motor vehicles and aircraft
DE1016500B (en) * 1956-08-11 1957-09-26 Auto Union Gmbh Line connection to shielded spark plugs for internal combustion engines
DE1439995C3 (en) * 1964-11-27 1974-02-07 Beru-Werk Albert Ruprecht, 7140 Ludwigsburg Radio interference suppressed capacitor ignitor
DE3023288C2 (en) * 1980-06-21 1986-01-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Interference suppression plug for plugging onto the insulator of a spark plug or the mandrel of a distributor
DE9012746U1 (en) * 1990-09-07 1992-01-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Electrical spark-generating ignition device, particularly for gaseous fuels
DE102004030790B4 (en) * 2004-06-25 2009-07-02 Deutz Power Systems Gmbh Spark plug with ignition cable
DE102005060166B4 (en) 2005-12-14 2010-08-05 Multitorch Gmbh spark plug
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DE102010010109B4 (en) * 2010-03-04 2012-03-15 Multitorch Gmbh prechamber

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JPS5459531A (en) * 1977-10-20 1979-05-14 Nissan Motor Co Ltd High voltage wire for igniter
US5603306A (en) * 1995-02-03 1997-02-18 Tai; Tsai-Ting Ignition cable means for eliminating inerference
JP2001317440A (en) * 2000-03-28 2001-11-16 Nology Engineering Inc Spark plug cable, and adjusting method for spark plug cable

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EP3281264A1 (en) 2018-02-14
DE102016206993A1 (en) 2017-10-26
WO2017186239A1 (en) 2017-11-02

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