EP3153454B1 - Door closure - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a door closure of an elevator door, wherein the door lock has a housing and a latch and the bolt is under position change in a locking position and an unlocking position can be transferred, wherein a drive is provided, which cooperates with the bolt via a drive mechanism, by means of which the bolt can be moved into its unlocked position, wherein the drive comprises a drive control which is signal-transmitting connected or connectable with an elevator control, the elevator control depending on the location of an external device such as an elevator car drives the drive to transfer the latch in its unlocked position, and wherein the door lock has a closing mechanism which, after the release thereof without the assistance of the drive, forcibly transfers the bolt from its unlocked position into its locking position, and wherein the door is also moved rverschluss has an emergency unlocking device to manually convert if necessary by means of the same the bolt independently of the drive in its unlocked position can.

In generic door locks the drive is often provided by a mechanical coupling, which cooperates with a arranged on the elevator car latch curve. For this purpose, it is necessary, the latch curve of Elevator car in an extended or retracted position able to change so that the latch curve does not interact with the drive mechanism on each floor of each building, but only on the floor at which the elevator door is open. However, the arrangement of the mechanical coupling between the locking cam and the drive as well as the mechanism and drive means for changing the position of the locking curve are structurally complex and expensive and require a corresponding installation space, which is not always present in the elevator shaft. In addition, a retrofit of an elevator system in which the elevator car holds on several floors, very complex. Furthermore, elevator systems are often adapted to special external conditions, such as in tight structural situations or in the case of elevator shafts in glass construction, in which mechanical linkage arrangements of the drive mechanism for the bolt, which interact with the latch curve of an elevator car, not or only very complex realized can be and are often undesirable for optical reasons.

Furthermore, electromagnetic door locks for elevators are known, in which the position of the elevator car is detected by means of a sensor device and the output thereof drives an electromagnet of the door lock, wherein the movable armature of the electromagnet actuates the drive mechanism of the bolt. To actuate the drive mechanism, however, comparatively high attraction forces of the magnet are required to effect a sufficiently rapid adjustment of the bolt in its unlocked position, for example, corresponding to an operating current of the electromagnet of several amperes. On the other hand, this requires a high anchor speed when the armature abuts against a stop in its end position, and thus a very high noise immission, which especially in structurally open elevator system is perceived as disturbing, for example, in systems in lightweight or in glass construction. A noise insulation of the armature or the door lock or the adjacent components, however, is structurally very complex.

Furthermore, a door closure of a lift must meet the relevant safety requirements, in particular meet the relevant elevator test standards, if necessary, such as EN 81-20, EN 81-50 and EN 60947-5-1.

The EP 1 440 930 A2 describes a door lock with emergency release, wherein blocking the emergency release in its safety switch opening position in which a normal driving operation of the elevator is no longer possible, a locking means engages an element of a transmission mechanism. The blocking means can be actuated by means of an electric motor. If the door lock is in the unlocked state, the locking means of the emergency release is in a non-locking position, wherein the electric motor is not actuated.

The EP 2 295 679 A2 describes a tumbler for a component for closing an opening, wherein a locking bolt by means of an electric motor positively coupled in its locking and unlocking position can be transferred.

The invention is therefore based on the object to provide a door lock, which solves the problem, at least partially or in combination, to allow a cost-effective design of the door lock and / or the elevator system to allow a low-noise operation of the door lock wherein further preferably the door lock is particularly suitable for a simple retrofitting of elevator systems or for the use of elevator systems in particular structural conditions such as in narrow elevator shafts or glass cladding of the elevator shaft.

The object is achieved by a door lock according to claim 1, wherein the drive is provided by an electric motor and the electric motor and the drive mechanism are disposed within the door lock housing, and / or that a braking device is provided which the bolt during its transfer into his Locking position at least temporarily slows down. Advantageous developments emerge from the subclaims.

By using an electric motor according to the invention, the door lock can be actuated particularly quietly, in particular the latch can be converted into its unlocked position with low noise. The electric motor drives the bolt thus preferably continuously during its transfer into the unlocked position, ie also in the central region of the bolt stroke, so the Riegelverfahrweges between locking and unlocking. Furthermore, by means of the electric motor, the bolt can be quickly transferred into its unlocked position and an electric motor can be integrated with little design effort in the door lock housing, especially without the elevator-related safety components or assemblies of the door lock to change, such as a blocking means switch, which in positioning of Latch switches in its locking position and thus indicates the latch position and releases a movement of the elevator car, the arrangement of a lever acting on the latch, in particular toothed lever as part of the drive mechanism and the like. Furthermore, electric motors and thus the door lock inexpensive to produce and electric motors are easy and flexible controllable. By means of the electric motor, the door lock is easily adaptable to different requirements, especially in elevators, in particular to the requirements for passenger lifts in compliance with the relevant test standards.

In particular, the door lock according to the invention has advantages over the arrangement of an electromagnet as a drive element, in which only one switching on and off is possible and after actuation of the electromagnet to open the bolt, the bolt movement is no longer controllable. Furthermore, the operation of the electromagnet must also be designed to initiate a safe opening operation of the bolt from its unlocked position. Thus, the bolt at the beginning of the unlocking process by means of the magnet must be acted upon with high force in order to overcome even irregularities of a non-proper door, such as, for example, certain tension or distortion. But this is the kinematics of the further locking movement predetermined, in contrast to the inventive use of an electric motor for driving the bolt even after the initiation of the unlocking movement, ie after leaving the locking position by the bolt.

In the sense of the invention, the "unlocking position" or "locking position" is to be understood in each case as the end position or rest position of the bolt in the respective unlocking or locking position of the bolt.

The transfer of the bolt from its unlocked position into its locking position is hereinafter referred to as "closing-Shen" of the bolt. The transfer of the bolt from its locking position into its unlocked position is hereinafter referred to as "opening" of the bolt.

Particularly preferred is a blocking means switch is provided as monitoring or electrical safety device which monitors the arrangement of the bolt in its locking position. The safety switch is preferably a positive-opening safety switch, which thus forcibly in the locked position in the locking position, ie mandatory and virtually automatically, switches or opens (as is well known, a positive-opening safety switch can be technically equivalent replaced by a safety circuit). This is, for example for door closures of elevators a mandatory safety device: only when confirmation of the arrangement of the bolt in its locked position with appropriate display or signal output from the blocking means switch the elevator is movable. However, the arrangement of a blocking means switch requires a long travel or stroke of the bolt between its locking and its unlocked position. For example, the technical standards EN 81-20 and EN 81-50 require inter alia for the bolt for locking an elevator door intervention of at least 7 mm before the blocking means switch is closed, or a corresponding other electrical safety device is effective. The total bolt stroke between the two end positions mentioned can thus easily be ≥ 8 mm or ≥ 12 mm, in some applications also ≥ 15 mm or ≥ 20 mm, for example in the range of 25 mm. However, it has been found in the course of the invention that the necessary large stroke of the bolt is effected particularly favorably by an electric motor used according to the invention. To perform such a long strokes with sufficient power reserves is difficult to implement, for example, for a built-in housing, so compact solenoid. Particularly advantageous is the use of an electric motor, a long travel easier to implement, because the motor in contrast to the solenoid can perform a continuous movement practically arbitrarily long and thus a stroke with constant or over the travel predefined force at the respective stroke position (eg. In the context of a predefined force-displacement curve over the travel of the bolt) via an arbitrarily long Stecke allows. In addition, over the long travel of the bolt acting on these driving force by means of the electric motor can be controlled very precisely and over the life of the door lock the setpoints for bolt experience, such as time-dependent on this acting driving force over the travel, comply particularly precisely. This also applies to a tilt-free operation of the bolt with low stress of the bolt guide. Since due to the large Riegelhubs per se disturbances of Riegelverfahrbewegung are favored, surprisingly, the door lock according to the invention has a very long life and low wear of the bolt guide due to over the long travel continuous and even or exactly pre-determined movement movement, which also also a quiet and Low-noise operation of the door lock over its lifetime allows and significantly reduces the maintenance of the door lock. Preferably, the door lock comprises a Fehlschließsicherung, which prevents the switching of the Sperrmittelschalters with the door open. This also prevents the bolt from being closed when the door is open. This safety device is often required. However, in the arrangement of this safety device a long travel of the bolt is necessary or at least particularly useful to allow safe operation of this safety device and / or a secure interaction with the bolt.

The use of an electric motor has proven to be particularly favorable when the bolt between its locking position and its unlocking position passes through a hub which is greater than / equal to twice the engagement depth of the bolt in the door in the locking position of the bolt. The entire bolt stroke between the two end positions mentioned can thus easily be ≥ 12 mm or ≥ 20 mm, for example in the range of 25 mm. The door lock can be particularly easily adapted to special structural and / or safety requirements. This refers, for example, to the possible positioning of the bolt in its locking and / or unlocking position. This also relates, for example, alternatively or cumulatively, to the arrangement of further safety devices of the door closure, which cooperate with the latch or are to be actuated by the latch, such as a blocking means switch or corresponding electrical safety device and / or a false closing device.

Preferably, when transferring the bolt into its locking position, the electric motor is non-driven with respect to a feed of the bolt in its locking position. The transfer of the bolt in its locking position is thus not driven by the electric motor supported. In this way, the drive mechanism and the locking mechanism with respect to the transfer of the bolt in its respective end position (unlock or locking position) are formed independently and the electric motor can be carried out regardless of the safety requirements in the closing operation of the locking mechanism. This also simplifies the design of the driven by the electric motor drive mechanism of the bolt. Upon transfer of the bolt in its locking position, the motor can thus be made by the motor controller with respect to its drive power current and / or de-energized. Optionally, during the transfer of the bolt into its locking position, the rotor of the electric motor can rotate, For example, in function as an engine brake. As a result, a structurally simple design of the door lock is given overall and the electric motor can be controlled easily and the door lock adapted in a special way to the requirements of a lift or elevator installation.

It is understood that within the scope of the invention the motor control is preferably also designed to regulate the respective operating parameter of the motor to a predetermined desired value.

Preferably, the electric motor is designed as a three-phase motor, brushless DC motor, bell armature motor or reluctance motor. As a result, the motor is due to brushless design and thus the door lock particularly maintenance and wear. By means of the aforementioned types of engine, the bolt is also in very uniform movement, quietly and precisely controlled in its unlocked position transferred, and thus the latching experience and the operation of the door lock very quiet. If necessary, however, conventional DC motors with brushes can generally also be used.

Preferably, the electric motor used has a little or virtually no or no cogging torque, so that an automatic closing of the bolt is not hindered by the electric motor by the motor. The motor is thus at least virtually no or very little self-locking of the drive mechanism is generated when the electric motor is operated counter to its drive direction on the bolt when the latch is transferred by means of the locking mechanism in its locking position. Thus, in a door lock according to the invention preferably the drive mechanism is coupled to the locking mechanism, wherein in closing operation of the closing mechanism of Drive mechanism is moved counter to its drive direction on the bolt coupled to the locking mechanism, ie in the direction of the starting position of the drive mechanism for re-initiation of an unlocking process. It should be noted that the electric motor can cooperate with a transmission as part of the drive mechanism, which usually causes a force transmission and Weguntersetzung the engine to actuate the other parts of the drive mechanism for transferring the bolt in its unlocked position. Any cogging torque of the electric motor would be amplified by the transmission, which could hinder or counteract an automatic and forced operation of the locking mechanism, so that thus inventively further developed locking mechanism when it is triggered, for example. Due to the relaxation of a preloaded spring or other spring or energy storage device automatically and closes reliably. It has thus been found in the course of the invention that the said types of electric motors can be used particularly advantageously in the case of said door closures. As such motors with little or virtually no cogging torque are in particular motors with ironless armature, motors with entangled poles (transverse to the motor axis grooves between the poles), motors with permanent magnets on the armature and groove-free stator, motors with permanent magnets on the stator and groove-free armature, wherein the motors may each be three-phase motors or (preferably brushless) DC motors. Furthermore, reluctance motors or bell armature motors can be used.

Preferably, the electric motor is a via the unlocking movement of the bolt continuously actuated or actuated motor, so a continuous motor, which during preferably the entire locking movement from its locking position into its unlocked position continuously applying a driving force to the latch. This is fulfilled in a special way by the above-mentioned engine types. As a result, a uniform and low-noise operation of the bolt and thus a very low-maintenance door lock is given, in particular in contrast to stepper motors, which, however, may also be used in principle. Optionally, however, the electric motor used is not a stepping motor.

Particularly preferably, an electric motor is provided whose motor speed, motor torque, motor voltage, current consumption and / or power consumption during the transfer of the bolt from its locking position is controlled or controlled in its unlocked position, which may apply individually for each of the above control parameters. In this way, the feed of the bolt or by means of the drive mechanism acting on the bolt force can be controlled in its transfer from its locking position to its unlocked position. The control of the engine may optionally take place in dependence on the displacement position of the bolt between its two said rest positions. The bolt can thereby be moved particularly evenly or predetermined, or in compliance with certain predetermined tolerances with respect to parameters of the bolt, such as compliance with upper thresholds of bolt accelerations, force effects on the bolt, feed rates, etc. Furthermore, a control of the engine speed or power consumption Of particular advantage, when there is a aufzuspannender or aufzuladender latch closing mechanism of the electric motor. By controlling the engine speed of the bolt feed can be controlled exactly as a function of the respective bolt position, for example, carried out holding the bolt in the unlocked position by the engine power, especially when the engine against operates a clamped latch reset mechanism. The power consumption of the engine can be adapted to the force-displacement characteristic of the closing mechanism, so that with increasing force to be overcome of the closing mechanism during its voltage / charging the motor is operated with increased power and / or accordingly with decreasing force to be overcome, the motor with lower power is operated. The bolt can thereby be moved in a targeted manner at least over most of its travel in a predetermined manner, for example. With a relatively uniform feed rate. Furthermore, as a result, the electric motor is particularly easy to adapt to different door locks, for example. Such with different locking bolt mechanisms with different force-displacement characteristics with respect to the voltage or power charging, adaptable.

In general, by the respectively mentioned control of the motor, for example, depending on the given at any time locking position between its two rest positions (for example. Under previous recording a corresponding characteristic), or in dependence of another predetermined operating parameter of the door lock. The respectively mentioned control of the engine, for example, control of the Morordrehzahl and / or engine power, can be done in the range of travel of the bolt, which removes ≥ 1% or ≥ 2% or ≥ 5% of the rest positions of the bolt or endpoints of the bolt movement is. As a result, there is also a particularly low-maintenance and / or low-noise door lock. In particular, an electric motor in the form of a three-phase motor, brushless DC motor, bell armature motor or reluctance motor is advantageous in this case.

Preferably, the motor control of the electric motor to its operation a variable current and / or a variable Voltage and / or variable frequency ready or is configured to provide accordingly, in particular during the transfer of the bolt from its locked position into its unlocked position. The current or voltage varies thus over time over the travel of the bolt between its two rest positions. In combination with or independently of this, the electric motor may be operated at a variable frequency or be in such an operation. As a result, the electric motor is particularly flexible with respect to the passage of the bolt operable in its unlocked position or the power consumption of the motor easily controlled. Reference may be made to the above explanations concerning the variable power consumption of the motor, wherein current and / or voltage control is particularly easy to implement and can be effectively adapted to the power adjustment variable. The described control of power consumption refers to a control of the operating current or the operating voltage or the operating frequency of the motor or possibly a control of said manipulated variables in combination such as. A combined current and voltage control, each of which causes a corresponding change in performance.

Preferably, the motor is driven or is controlled such that in the end region of the locking movement of the electric motor exerts only a small feed on the bolt to counteract noise during the attack. This can be done by means of a control of the speed, power consumption, operating current or voltage of the motor. Alternatively or additionally, at the beginning of the unlocking process, the motor with increased power or increased current and / or voltage compared to the time-averaged power, current or voltage in the middle region of the latching movement between the locking position and unlocking position operable or operated to accelerate the opening operation or temporarily exert a high force on the bolt to ensure a safe opening movement of the bolt, for example, even in certain irregularities of the operation of the elevator door as in tensions of the door. Further, a control of the operating current and / or the operating voltage of the motor can be particularly advantageous when a locking mechanism described below is provided, which is stretched or charged by the electric motor, wherein the operating current and / or the operating voltage of the motor or the power consumption of the engine in response to the force-displacement characteristic of the closing mechanism, in the same direction with changes in the force according to the characteristic. Further, the electric motor can be operated or operated so that after initiating the locking movement from its locking position, the latch undergoes an at least substantially constant feed rate in the direction of its unlocked position and decreases towards the end of the feed in the unlocking the bolt speed. The increase and / or decrease in the locking speed when starting or braking the bolt can be continuous or continuous, in each case optionally with the formation of speed plateaus, for example also at least substantially linear.

The locking position of the bolt is preferably limited within the scope of the invention by a stop.

In a particular embodiment of a door lock with an electric motor or independently thereof, the door lock on a braking device which brakes the bolt at least temporarily during its transfer from its unlocked position into its locking position. As a result, thus, the feed speed of the bolt in the direction at least temporarily braked on the locking position, for example, at the beginning of the locking movement of the bolt or when leaving the unlocked position. Thus, in particular, the motor in its stationary state when the bolt is arranged in its unlocked position can act as a brake when the locking movement of the bolt is initiated. By the braking device, the stop speed of the bolt is reduced in its locking position and thus the door lock is operated with low noise. The braking device here is different from the bolt stop which defines the locking position, and different from switching contacts of the door lock such as a blocking means switch, which indicates the bolt lock position and sends a signal to the elevator control to initiate or enable a process of the elevator car. The braking device is preferably provided in addition to the components of the door lock or its functions for operating the device otherwise described in the context of the invention, in particular in addition to the drive device of the bolt for transferring the same into its unlocked position. The braking device can optionally also be made releasable for effecting the braking force, for example also coupled with the triggering of another device of the door lock, for example coupled with the triggering of the locking mechanism or as a function of a predefined operating state such as advancing position of the bolt. Said coupling can cause a simultaneous release of braking device and the other door lock device or a delayed release of the braking device with respect to the triggering of the other device, so that the braking device only after a certain feed of the bolt in the direction of its locking position braking on the Bar acts. The "other door closure device" can in particular each independent of the locking mechanism.

The braking device is preferably designed or configured such that it is deactivated or deactivated upon transfer of the bolt from its locking position into its unlocked position (ie can be adjusted or set without braking force), so that the transfer of the bolt into its unlocking position is not slowed down by means of the braking device , When transferring the bolt from its unlocked position into its locking position, the braking device is activated or activated. The braking device is thus switched on and off.

The effect of the braking device can be done in only a portion of the bolt feed in the direction of its locking position or possibly also over the entire travel of the bolt in its locking position. It has already been found to reduce noise when the bolt at the beginning or in the beginning of his travel from the unlocked position, for example. Only or at least in the first 20% or only or at least in the first half of its travel from the unlocked position in its locked position, braked is, whereby the final speed of the bolt is already reduced upon reaching its locking position and its velocity. In addition, as a result of the door lock is particularly low maintenance, since impact forces are reduced when the locking position. Preferably, the additional braking device is disposed within the door lock housing.

Preferably, the braking device is designed such that it in relation to the bolt stroke between its unlocked position and locking position (ie the difference of the door lock housing projecting length of the bolt in the two mentioned bolt resting positions) in positioning the bolt in the region of its locking position exerts no braking force on the bolt, for example in the last 2% or the last 5% or the last 10% or the last 20% of the travel of the bolt in its locking position. The braking device thus does not counteract the closing force of the locking mechanism in the locking position, which may be general.

Preferably, the braking device is adjustable in its braking force and / or time in its brake-active interaction with the bolt.

The braking device may be designed, for example, as a centrifugal brake, frictionally engaged brake or eddy current brake or in another suitable manner. A centrifugal brake can act on a rotationally moved element of the drive mechanism, for example on a shaft which is rotated during movement of the bolt with this movement coupled, for example. Due to a worm gear between bolt and shaft or between shaft and drive. When a cable is arranged as a force transmission member of the drive or coupling mechanism, for example, a cable brake may be provided. In the arrangement of a transmission as a power transmission member of the drive or coupling mechanism may, for example, a braking device acting on the transmission. A Reibschlussbremse can, for example. On the latch or a movable element of the drive or coupling mechanism act, even on a lever such as. Tooth lever of the drive mechanism. An eddy current brake can, for example, act on a moving, in particular rotationally moved, element of the drive mechanism, for example on a shaft, which is rotated during movement of the bolt with it in a coupled motion, for example due to a worm gear between bars and shaft or between shaft and drive.

Particularly preferably, the electric motor acts at least temporarily as a braking device with respect to the feed of the bolt, starting from its unlocked position into its locking position. The electric motor thus acts in the manner of an engine brake, in particular eddy current brake. The arrangement of an additional braking device is thereby unnecessary, whereby the door lock is inexpensive, low-maintenance and compact in its design. As a result, a particularly quiet operation of the door lock is given, especially when hitting the bolt or attached to this stop in its locked position, which limits a further feed of the bolt.

Generally, in training as a braking device, the electric motor having a power electronics, which shorts after switching off the entire control electronics of the motor or possibly after switching off the input voltage for operation of the electric motor, the motor windings to configure the motor as an eddy current brake. For this purpose, for example, the motor control of the electric motor use a generally common regulator intermediate circuit which is configured according to the invention in such a way that the input voltage of the motor and the voltage in the regulator intermediate circuit are monitored by a processor of the motor control.

The electrical equipment of the door lock, in particular the engine control, is preferably connected to the elevator control in a signal-transmitting manner. If the signal for unlocking the door is sent by the elevator control system to the electronics of the door lock, for example the engine control, for example if a sensor of the elevator control indicates the desired position of the elevator car, then Electronics of the door lock the braking device can be activated, or the motor supply voltage can be switched on. If, for example, the motor supply voltage is switched off by the motor control, then this can be the trigger for the locking process. This includes the function of the engine as an eddy current brake.

In general, a motor control can be provided, which generates from a DC input voltage, for example a 24 V DC, a multi-phase, in particular three-phase, three-phase, in particular one with variable frequency and / or variable current, by means of which the motor is operated. The multi-phase or three-phase three-phase current can be a sinusoidal or other suitable three-phase current, for example one with a stepped profile. A 24 V DC voltage is particularly easy to integrate into the electrical system of an elevator system or its control.

In the context of the invention, the door lock on a locking mechanism, which extends automatically after the release of the bolt or forcibly in its locking position. So it is only a triggering operation required, and the further Verfahrung the bolt in its locking position is carried out by preferably continuous discharge or relaxation of an energy storage by the released of this and acting on the bolt force. The energy storage device may be a mechanical storage device such as a tensioned spring element such as a latch reset spring or possibly also another storage device such as an electrical storage or the like. For example, the return spring may be arranged in extension of the bolt. The discharge of the energy storage is activated by the said release. The energy store is preferably part of the door closure. The locking mechanism is thus actuated independently of the drive for the transfer of the bolt in its unlocked position. For example, the locking mechanism is automatically actuated or actuated when a door contact switch coupled in signal-transmitting manner to the locking mechanism emits a signal that the door to be locked by the latch of the given door lock is in a closed position. As a result, the door lock according to elevator technical safety guidelines is operable as well as in various disorders such as failure or malfunction of the drive or the drive mechanism of the door lock, failure of the engine control or elevator control or failure of the supply voltage of the engine control or elevator control safe closing of the door lock associated door, in which engages the bolt is ensured.

Particularly preferably, the electric motor and the closing mechanism are coupled with each other in a force-transmitting manner. Upon actuation of the electric motor for the transfer of the bolt in its unlocked position by means of the drive mechanism can be done at the same time by the electric motor, a voltage or charging of the closing mechanism or its energy storage, wherein upon actuation or release of the locking mechanism by means of release of voltage or charging energy generated in such a way the latch automatically its locking position extends or is transferred. For this purpose, the drive mechanism and the locking mechanism may be designed to cooperate, for example. By means of said lever such as. Zahnhebels, or generally, for example. By direct or indirect coupling of the drive mechanism to the locking mechanism, optionally also by a separate power transmission mechanism. For example, when power or voltage release or Leistungslosstellung the electric motor with respect to a drive of the Bolt in its unlocked position of the locking mechanism acts automatically on the latch, the latch automatically translates into its locking position. The bolt and thus the locking mechanism is thus held in its unlocked position by the engine power of the electric motor continuously acting on it, so that, for example, the electric motor acts against the closing force of the closing mechanism, for example against the force of a bolt return spring. The current or voltage release or Leistungslosstellung the electric motor can be done via the engine control of the electric motor, which shuts off the engine and thus simultaneously activates the locking mechanism. The engine controller may be configured to drive the electric motor de-energized or de-energized when the engine controller receives a signal to lock the elevator door from an elevator controller associated with the elevator. The elevator controller may be configured to transmit said signal when the elevator controller receives a signal from a door contact switch that the door to be locked by the latch of the given door latch is in a closed position. Even in case of failure or malfunction of the drive can thus close the bolt automatically.

The energy storage device of the closing mechanism for the automatic or forced transfer of the bolt in its locking position such as. Mechanical storage device, such as a return spring, or the closing mechanism in total can have a force-displacement characteristic in the voltage or charging, in particular a non-linear force-way -Curve. Said force-displacement characteristic can have input into the motor control of the electric motor, in particular in its power control when driving the bolt in its unlocked position mediate the engine power of the electric motor, whereby the bolt predetermined, for example. At least over part of its stroke at a uniform speed, is movable.

The engine controller is preferably designed or configured to control or control the performance of the engine as a function of time or as a function of a predetermined operating variable of the bolt, such as its feed position and / or the force to be overcome for a bolt movement. Preferably, the engine controller is configured or configured to be able to freely control or control the performance of the engine freely by the user.

By means of the electric motor, the force applied to the closing mechanism for the voltage or charging thereof in its height and / or in their time dependence during the transfer of the bolt from its locking position into its unlocked position controllable or the electric motor is driven by the engine control in this case accordingly. The power control of the electric motor can thus, for example, in dependence, be carried out by the force-displacement curve for moving the bolt from its locking position to its unlocked position, for example, in positive correlation, so that with changing Notweniger force for passing the bolt in the respective time given position that provided by the electric motor to the drive mechanism power is changed in the same direction with the required force, ie increased or decreased. For example, the bolt by means of the correspondingly configured engine control with a predetermined speed profile on the travel between its unlocking and locking position, which apart from the acceleration and Abbremsvorgängen the bolt in its lifting movement between its unlocking and locking position non-linear or to a constant travel speed of the bolt can be adjusted, movable, if necessary, taking into account a force-displacement characteristic of the locking mechanism in their clamping or charging by means of the electric motor. As a result, the door lock is quiet and can be actuated evenly and is particularly low-maintenance, since wear can be reduced. For example. For example, with increasing force for tensioning the closing mechanism, the motor can be operated at a correspondingly higher power in order to move the bolt evenly. An electric motor can be used particularly advantageously for this purpose, in particular in the case of a non-linear force-displacement characteristic of the locking mechanism.

The door lock, as part of the drive mechanism for the latch, may have a pivotally mounted lever, such as a toothed lever, for transferring the latch between locked and unlocked positions. The energy storage device of the locking mechanism can act directly or indirectly on the latch, for example. Via an additional power transmission mechanism. Upon actuation of the closing mechanism under advancement of the bolt in its locking position thus also the lever is pivoted, and any coupled with this parts of the drive mechanism.

Preferably, the motor control is designed or configured such that upon actuation of the electric motor for opening the bolt, the engine operation in a predetermined manner such that on the bolt only over a predetermined travel distance of the same on the part of the motor, a driving force is exerted in the direction of the unlocked position. The motor is controlled or is controlled so that the bolt is transferred by means of motor drive from its locking position exactly in its unlocked position. An associated with significant noise striking the bolt when it reaches its unlocked position is thus avoided, whereby the operation of the door lock quietly and by avoiding impact forces, which also cause vibration or vibration of the door lock, the door lock is low maintenance.

Preferably, the motor control is designed or configured such that the number of revolutions of the electric motor during the transfer of the bolt from its locking position can be adjusted to its unlocked position or is set to a preselected value, in particular to non-integer intermediate values. As a result, the feed of the bolt from its initial position in the locking position in the direction of its unlocked position and thus also the position of the bolt, which has this in its unlocked position, can be adjusted. The engine is thus operated so that no drive force is exerted more on reaching the unlocking of the bolt on reaching the unlocking position of the bolt - or that reaches its unlocked position before reaching the unlocked position by the bolt, taking into account the inertia of the drive system and bolt what can generally be considered within the scope of the invention.

Preferably, the drive mechanism comprises a pivotally mounted lever with at least two legs, which are preferably arranged at an angle to each other, for example an angle of ≤ 135 ° or ≤ 120 ° or about 90 °, wherein a first leg of the lever coupled to the latch and a second leg of the lever is coupled to the coupling mechanism, which in turn is connected in a force-transmitting manner with the drive as part of the drive mechanism. Here, the lever also serves as a power diversion of the drive mechanism. Preferably engages the lever directly to the force-transmitting to the bolt, possibly also only indirectly with the interposition of another transmission mechanism. Preferably, the two legs of the lever on a different length, wherein the first leg coupled to the latch preferably has a greater length than the second leg, so that the lever also acts as Wegübersetzung in relation to the change in position of the bolt. The arrangement of an electric motor has proved to be particularly advantageous, wherein the lever can be maintained as an essential component of a conventional door closure. The door lock is thus inexpensive to produce and easy to convert to the invention training. The control of the lever for changing the position of the bolt is possible by an electric motor in a particularly simple manner.

The lever of the drive mechanism may generally be designed as a toothed lever, the toothing is preferably directly in force with the bolt force-transmitting to the longitudinal displacement in engagement.

Preferably, the drive mechanism or the coupling mechanism between the drive and lever on a mechanical decoupling, which allows actuation of the emergency release independently of the drive, so that the emergency release is independent of the electric motor manually operable. For example, the emergency release can be manually operated by means of a conventional triangular wrench. The axis of the lever may have a driver for the emergency release key or the emergency release key acts on the lever or otherwise on the latch via a coupling mechanism. As a result, the door lock in case of failure of the elevator or in case of failure or failure of the electric motor or blocking the Drive mechanism can be operated manually if necessary, without a contribution of the electric motor for emergency release is necessary. The mechanical decoupling of the drive can take place, for example, in that the drive mechanism has a freewheel when the emergency unlocking device is actuated. The freewheel can be realized for example by a slot in a linkage part of the drive mechanism, so that a driver moves on actuation of the emergency release without power transmission against the drive direction in the slot. Alternatively, an actuated by the drive cable in the drive train of the bolt may be provided, as preferably described below, being decoupled under actuation of the emergency unlocking cooperating with the cable driver of the drive device of the rope or zugkraftentlastet the rope. Alternatively, an electrically or magnetically actuated decoupling can be provided, so the drive train to the bolt to its unlocked position is always interrupted when the electric motor is not flowed through to actuate the drive mechanism or current flowing only below a predefined current threshold, and wherein current is applied to the electric motor The mechanical coupling member is transferred to its coupling position in the drive train or drive mechanism, for example. By an electromagnet.

Particularly preferably, the angle of rotation of the motor for the transfer of the bolt from its locking position is predetermined determined in its unlocked position. The rotor of the motor is thus moved to the locking movement between its two end positions by a fixed angle of rotation. This rotation angle can be determined, for example, by the correspondingly configured engine control. As a result, the latch is due to the given translation of the drive mechanism by operating the motor in a defined manner changed position, for example, moved by a defined distance in the direction of its unlocked position. By appropriate control of the motor thus further means for limiting the feed of the bolt in its unlocked position are not necessary and can therefore be omitted (even if they may optionally be provided), whereby the door lock is structurally particularly simple and also by the motor-driven displacement of the bolt in its end position of the door lock can be operated very quietly. Furthermore, thereby overloading the motor is avoided and thus increases the life of the door lock. Starting the engine with a fixed angle of rotation is not mandatory, the door lock can be transferred by other suitable measures such as. Repeated operation in its intended initial state.

For controlled movement of the bolt in its unlocked position may alternatively or optionally additionally be assigned to the electric motor monitoring device such as a switch, which puts the motor de-energized when the bolt in its unlocked position and / or decoupled from the drive mechanism or coupling mechanism. The monitoring device can be actuated directly or indirectly by the bolt. As a result, an overload of the motor is avoided when the latch has taken its unlocking position and a stop of the bolt at a position defining the unlocking stop is avoided, so that the door lock is actuated quietly. For example, the latch can be held by a locking member in its unlocked position.

Preferably, a monitoring device is provided, which indicates the arrangement of the bolt in its locking position, the electric motor preferably under Considering the transmission ratio of the drive mechanism with a corresponding, preferably predefined, number of revolutions is actuated to transfer the latch from its locking position to its unlocked position, as described above. The monitoring device can be designed in particular as a switch which is turned on when the bolt is arranged in its locking position, wherein only when the switch is switched on or a signal to the operating device of the elevator for releasing a method of the elevator car is emitted. As a result, the necessary reliability of the elevator is given. Due to the change in position of the bolt in its unlocked position due to the number of revolutions of the electric motor, a particularly simple control of the bolt is given. The monitoring device with respect to the arrangement of the bolt in its locking position may be signal-transmitting connected to the drive control of the electric motor. The engine controller may be configured such that actuation of the electric motor to transfer the latch to its unlocked position occurs only when the monitoring device indicates the location of the latch in its latched position. This ensures that upon actuation of the electric motor for rotation with the preset or preselected number of revolutions of the bolt is transferred exactly in its unlocked position and upon reaching the unlocking position of the engine does not further drive the bolt, which increased reliability is given.

The rotational movement of the electric motor can be transmitted by an intended deflection in a translational movement, which acts on the latch or the toothed lever to unlock it. For example, for this purpose, the electric motor on a suitable cam or eccentric or the like act as part of the drive mechanism. The translational movement may be that of a traction mechanism. The traction mechanism can act on a machine element that moves in a rotary manner, such as a lever, for example a toothed lever, which drives the bolt. This allows a low-friction and effective locking movement.

Particularly preferably, the drive mechanism or the coupling mechanism between the electric motor and lever such as toothed lever comprises a cable operated by the electric motor, by means of which the latch is transferred into its unlocked position by actuation of the electric motor. Preferably, the cable to the opening of the bolt by the electric motor zugkraftbeaufschlagt. The electric motor can operate a winch for this purpose. The cable can attack directly on the lever. For example. The cable can also attack directly on the bolt. On the one hand, the cable allows a simple power transmission or the winch a simple force deflection. The cable can be deflected once or several times, including, for example, pulleys may be provided, whereby the cable guide can be flexibly adapted to the respective structural or spatial conditions of the door lock. One end of the rope can generally be fixed in place. The cable can be redirected once or several times in effect of a force transmission mechanism in the direction of the movement of the bolt or lever, for example, toothed lever, wherein one end of the rope can be fixed in place. The cable allows thereby a structural very compact design of the door lock. Furthermore, the cable allows a simple transfer of the rotational movement of the electric motor in a translational movement to act on a linkage part or the toothed lever of the drive or coupling mechanism. In addition, the cable allows a particularly low-friction and low-noise operation, so that the door lock is particularly low maintenance. In addition, the cable allows a particularly simple decoupling of the electric motor of a part of the drive mechanism or the lever or the bolt, as an interacting with the cable driver of the drive mechanism, which allows a power transmission from the cable from the bolt-facing component, for example by the Driver is arranged in an oversized loop or a deflection of the cable and thus can be zugentkoppelt easily upon actuation of the emergency release of the driver of the cable. The rope is preferably limp. It is understood that, if appropriate, in general, instead of a rope in the narrower sense, another flexible tension member such as a belt, chain or the like can be used.

Preferably, the drive mechanism or coupling mechanism is designed as a traction drive. The electric motor thus acts on a traction mechanism which changes the position of the latch.

Preferably, upon actuation of the locking mechanism for transferring the bolt into its locking position, the drive or coupling mechanism, in particular a cable or a coupling linkage thereof, is transferred to its starting position, which has the drive or coupling mechanism to open the bolt under actuation of the electric motor to effect. Thus, for example, the cable for the transfer of the bolt is wound in its unlocked position by actuation of the electric motor, so that the electric motor acts as a winch motor, or the rope of the cable is retracted by means of the electric motor relative to the lever such as toothed lever or another part of the drive mechanism or shortened in its effective length, to unlock the bolt to effect, in which case under actuation of the locking mechanism, which transfers the latch from its unlocked position into its locking position, the cable unwound or pulled or extended in its effective length as a drive element of the drive mechanism to be transferred to its initial setpoint. Upon actuation of the electric motor, a new unlocking operation can then be carried out. This is done with only minor friction losses.

Preferably, in the context of the invention, upon actuation of the closing mechanism, the electric motor is deenergized or acts like a brake device such as an eddy current brake, so that the rotor of the electric motor performs a rotation against the direction of rotation of the electric motor for unlocking the bolt upon actuation of the closing mechanism, for example partially release the rope, ie to lengthen the rope in its effective length. The cable release may consist in a unwinding of a wound rope, the rope is relieved of strain and sluggish.

Preferably, the electric motor by means of a transmission such as. Gear operation, preferably a single-stage or possibly multi-stage (gear) gear, coupled to a coupling element such as a cable or a pull rod, wherein the coupling element in turn coupled to the lever of the drive mechanism. The engine preferably couples directly to the transmission. As a result, a favorable power transmission from the electric motor is given to the rest of the drive mechanism. Further, this is the engine speed, which is preferably controlled or controlled, adaptable to the kinematics of the drive mechanism. In the case of a single-stage gear transmission, the transmission is also structurally special simply formed, whereby friction losses are reduced and the door lock is particularly low maintenance.

According to the invention, the electric motor and the drive mechanism are arranged inside the door lock housing. Preferably, the coupling mechanism is disposed within the door lock housing. As a result, the electric motor is protected against external interference and there is a particularly compact design.

The door lock according to the invention is suitable for fulfilling the technical standards EN 81-20, EN 81-50 and EN 60947-5-1, each in its version valid as of 1 July 2015, or fulfills these individually or cumulatively. In particular, the door lock according to the invention can fulfill the lift-technical test standards EN 81-20 and EN 81-50, respectively in the version of the same with validity as of 1 July 2015, or meets these individually or cumulatively. This applies in each case in particular with regard to the configuration of the blocking means switch or the corresponding electrical safety device and the fault-proofing device, insofar as these are the subject of the standards. However, the door lock according to the invention is also applicable to other security-relevant doors such as those of lifting platforms, for cabin doors or the like.

Figur 1:

eine schematische Darstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Türverschlusses mit Riegel in seiner Verriegelungsstellung,

Figur 2:

eine schematische Darstellung des Türverschlusses gemäß Figur 1 mit Riegel in seiner Entriegelungsstellung,

Figur 3:

eine schematische Darstellung eines Details eines erfindungsgemäßen Türverschlusses gemäß einer Abwandlung des Ausführungsbeispiels nach Figur 1,

Figur 4:

eine Detailansicht einer alternativen Ausführung des Türverschlusses.

The invention will be described below by way of example and explained with reference to the embodiments. All features of the embodiments may be independently realized within the scope of the invention. Show it:

FIG. 1:

a schematic representation of a door lock according to the invention with latch in its locking position,

FIG. 2:

a schematic representation of the door closure according to FIG. 1 with bolt in its unlocked position,

FIG. 3:

a schematic representation of a detail of a door lock according to the invention according to a modification of the embodiment according to FIG. 1 .

FIG. 4:

a detailed view of an alternative embodiment of the door closure.

The door lock 1 according to the invention an elevator door has a housing 2 and a latch 3, which under change of position in a locking position with extended latch ( FIG. 1 ) and in an unlocked position with retracted latch ( FIG. 2 ) is convertible, whereby the bolt stroke is defined. Furthermore, a drive is provided, which according to the invention is designed as an electric motor 4 and cooperates with the bolt 3 via a drive mechanism 5 in order to transfer the bolt into its unlocked position. The motor 4 comprises a control 4a, which is signal-transmittingly connected to an elevator control, which activates the drive in dependence on the position of an external device such as an elevator car, in order to transfer the latch into its unlocked position. The electric motor and the drive mechanism 5 or the coupling mechanism 7 described below are arranged within the door lock housing 2.

The motor 4 cooperates via a drive mechanism 5 with the latch 3, whereby the latch can be moved into its unlocked position. The drive mechanism 5 comprises a lever or angle lever 6 with two legs 6a, 6b, wherein the first leg 6a of the lever is coupled to the latch 3 and the second leg 6b is coupled to a coupling mechanism 7 coupled as part of the drive mechanism, which in turn interacts force-transmitting with the drive motor 4. The lever is designed here as a toothed lever.

The electric motor 4 is coupled by means of a preferably single-stage gear transmission 8 to a coupling element as part of the drive mechanism, wherein the coupling element is designed here as a cable 9. The transmission 8 is arranged to transmit power between the engine 4 and winch 10.

The cable 9a is wound on a powered by the engine 4 winch 10 under engine power to transfer the latch from its locking position to its unlocked position, which may be independent of the arrangement of a transmission.

The cable 9a of the cable 9 is guided over at least one guide roller 12. The one end of the rope 9b is fixed to the winch 10, the other end of the rope 9c fixed to the housing 2 or other device fixed. As a result, the cable works in a kind of power transmission or Weguntersetzung. The cable 9a thus engages by means of the deflection region 9d on the lever 6, the deflection roller 12 is thus arranged on the lever, more precisely on the second leg 6b eccentrically to the pivot axis 6c of the lever.

The cable 9 is coupled here to the lever or toothed lever, but can also be coupled to another element of the drive mechanism or directly to the latch.

The cable 9 is formed such that the cable 9a upon actuation of the locking mechanism 11 by transferring the bolt in its locking position, the cable 9a of the cable is partially released, so the effective length of the cable Rope lengthened (ie extension of the rope section between its attachment points such as the fixation point of the rope end, for example, on the housing and the device for traction on the rope such as the winch). For this purpose, the cable is partially unwound from the winch 10 to allow pivoting of the lever, whereby the latch 3 is extended to its locking position.

Alternatively, according to FIG. 4 the drive mechanism as a linkage mechanism 15 wherein a rigid linkage 16, the electric motor 4 with the bolt or here with the lever 6 coupled force-transmitting to convert the bolt by means of the motor in its unlocked position can. It is understood that the rotational movement of the motor by suitable means we, for example, an eccentric or a cam in a translational movement of the linkage parts is transferable. In order to form a mechanical decoupling of bolt or lever and motor upon actuation of the emergency release, the linkage part is here, for example, provided with a slot 17, into which engages a driver 6d of the lever.

Furthermore, the door lock has a closing mechanism 11 which, after it has been released without the assistance of the motor, forcibly transfers the latch 3 from its unlocked position into its locking position, that is to say under relaxation or discharge of an energy store of the closing mechanism. The energy storage is formed here by a latch return spring 12.

By means of an emergency release device 13, here in the form of a driver 13a on the axis of the lever 6, the bolt can be manually transferred independently of the drive by means of a Notentriegelungsschlüssels in its unlocked position, for example, in the event of a fault. For this purpose, the drive mechanism 5 or the coupling mechanism 7 on a mechanical decoupling, which allows actuation of the emergency release independently of the drive, as described above. The decoupling is here by the rope 9a ( FIG. 1 ) or the stem extension hole 17 (FIG. FIG. 4 ), which do not hinder pivoting of the lever when the emergency release is actuated.

Upon transfer of the bolt from its unlocked position into its locking position by means of the closing mechanism 11, the electric motor is driven without drive in relation to an extension of the bolt, so that the rotor of the electric motor can spin in idle or as described below can act as a braking device. The electric motor is associated with a monitoring device 19 which, when the bolt is arranged in its unlocked position, de-energizes the motor or disconnects it from the coupling mechanism. The monitoring device 19 is designed here as a switch 19a, which cooperates with a contact arranged on the lever 19b.

For the transfer of the bolt 3 from its locking position to its unlocked position of the electric motor 3 is driven with a fixed number of revolutions, wherein preferably the electric motor is started with a fixed angle of rotation of the rotor to the stator.

The electric motor 4 is particularly advantageously designed as a three-phase motor, alternatively as a bell motor, so that the motor has a low or virtually no cogging torque, without the invention or the embodiment is limited thereto. As a result, little or no self-locking of the drive mechanism 5 and the transmission 8 given in the provision of the drive mechanism 5, if this is thus moved counter to its drive direction on the bolt, the latch is thus transferred to its locking position. This is particularly relevant if the drive mechanism consists of rigid elements such as linkage parts.

The electric motor has a motor control, by means of which the motor with variable speed and / or variable power can be operated during the transfer of the bolt in its unlocked position or operated. In this way, for example, the travel speed of the bolt during its stroke, in particular continuously during its full stroke, be controlled or is controlled. Further, the power control of the motor can take into account the force-displacement characteristic of the locking mechanism in order to be able to move the bolt in a predetermined manner during its complete stroke. This is in each case independently or in combination generally preferred within the scope of the invention.

Furthermore, the door lock has a braking device 14 which at least temporarily brakes the bolt during its transfer into its locking position. The braking device is formed here in a particular embodiment of the electric motor, which acts as an eddy current brake for deceleration. For this purpose, the windings of the electric motor are short-circuited. The motor control is supplied with DC voltage, which then transforms this into a multi-phase, for example. 3-phase supply voltage for the motor or a static brake voltage. The braking action of the motor takes place in the first region of the transfer of the bolt from its unlocked position into its locking position until the capacitor is discharged. Optionally, a separate braking device may be provided.

The drive mechanism 5 of the bolt 3 and the locking mechanism 11 are coupled such that upon actuation of the drive mechanism for transferring the bolt in its unlocked position, an energy storage of the locking mechanism 6 is tensioned or charged, in the specific example, the latch return spring 12 is tensioned. After release of the closing mechanism 11, the bolt is automatically transferred to release its thus generated spring tension in its locking position. The closing mechanism 11 is signal-transmittingly connected to the elevator control (not shown), so that the closing mechanism triggers on the basis of a signal of the elevator control. The signal of the elevator control can be sent out, for example, when a door contact switch signals the door associated with the latch that the door is closed.

According to the embodiment of the latch 3 is held by the action of the electric motor 4 in its unlocked position, the motor thus operates against the restoring force of the locking mechanism and the return spring. The signal of the elevator control is transmitted to the motor control, which sets the electric motor current or de-energized, so that the engine no longer delivers drive power. As a result, the motor counterforce is then lifted against the locking mechanism and the latch automatically transferred to the spring position, ie by the spring force, in its locking position. It is understood that the same generally applies to another energy storage.

The locking mechanism is coupled to the drive mechanism or coupling mechanism such that when the latch is transferred to its locking position, the locking mechanism transfers the drive mechanism or coupling mechanism to an initial position in which the latching mechanism engages Latch to initiate its unlocking movement is.

Furthermore, a monitoring device 18, here in the form of a blocking means switch, is provided, which indicates the arrangement of the bolt in its locking position. The blocking means switch is designed as a positively opening switch. The electric motor or its motor control is configured to transfer the latch only its locking position in the unlocked position when the monitoring device indicates the position of the bolt in its locked position. The bolt acts here via a transmission mechanism 18a, for example. In the form of a linkage part, with the monitoring device or the blocking means switch together.

The door latch includes a misfire lock (not shown) which prevents switching of the latch switch when the door is open and / or the latch is closed.

The bolt passes between its locking position and its unlocked position a hub, which is about 25 mm here. The depth of engagement of the bolt in the locking position in the door here is up to 21 mm to realize the prescribed engagement depth of at least 7 mm before switching the blocking means switch and the inevitable function of the miss-shooter and a sufficient contact stroke.

The door lock according to the invention fulfills the elevator test standards EN 81-20, EN 81-50 and EN 60947-5-1.

All features of the embodiments are hereby disclosed as independent and independent of the further features of the embodiments.

Claims (14)

1. A door closure (1) of the door of an elevator, wherein the door closure has a housing (2) and a bolt (3), which is transferable with location change into a locked position and into an unlocked position, wherein a drive (4) is provided, which interacts with the bolt via a drive mechanism (5), which transfers the bolt into its unlocked position, wherein the drive comprises a controller (4a), which is connected or connectable in a signal-transmitting manner to an elevator controller, which activates the drive in dependence on the location of an external device such as an elevator car to transfer the bolt into its unlocked position, and wherein the door closure has a closing mechanism (11), which, after its triggering without cooperation of the drive, forcibly transfers the bolt from its unlocked position into its locked position, and wherein the door closure has an emergency unlocking device (13) to be able to transfer the bolt independently of the drive manually into its unlocked position if needed by means of said emergency unlocking device,
   characterized in that the drive is an electric motor and the electric motor and the drive mechanism are arranged inside the door closure housing,
   and/or a brake device (14) is provided, which at least temporarily brakes the bolt during its transfer into its locked position.
2. The door closure according to Claim 1, characterized in that a blocking means switch (19a) is provided, which monitors the arrangement of the bolt (3) in its locked position.
3. The door closure according to Claim 2, characterized in that an unintentional closing safeguard is provided, which prevents the switching of the blocking means switch (19a) when the door is open.
4. The door closure according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that upon transfer of the bolt (3) into its locked position, the electric motor (4) is inert with respect to an advance of the bolt into its locked position.
5. The door closure according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the electric motor (4) is designed as a three-phase motor, brushless DC motor, bell-type armature motor, or reluctance motor.
6. The door closure according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the electric motor (4) only has a low cogging torque.
7. The door closure according to any one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the electric motor (4) has a motor controller, which provides a variable current and/or a variable voltage and/or a variable frequency for operating the motor and/or operates the motor in a speed-controlled manner.
8. The door closure according to any one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the electric motor (4), during transfer of the bolt (3) starting from its unlocked position into its locked position, at least temporarily acts as a brake unit (14) with respect to the advance of the bolt into its locked position.
9. The door closure according to any one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the drive mechanism (5) and the closing mechanism (11) are coupled in such a way that upon actuation of the drive mechanism to transfer the bolt (3) into its unlocked position by means of the drive (4), tensioning or charging of the closing mechanism takes place, and after triggering of the closing mechanism, the bolt is extended and/or transferred automatically into its locked position with release of the tension or charging energy thus generated.
10. The door closure according to any one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that in the current-free or voltage-free position of the electric motor (4), the closing mechanism (11) automatically acts to transfer the bolt (3) into its locked position.
11. The door closure according to any one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the drive mechanism (5) or the coupling mechanism (9) comprises a mechanical decoupling (9a), which enables an actuation of the emergency unlocking device (13) independently of the drive (4).
12. The door closure according to Claim 11, characterized in that the coupling mechanism (9) or drive mechanism (5) comprises a cable pull actuated by the electric motor (4), which at least partially transfers the bolt (3) into its unlocked position by means of exertion of traction force on the cable (9a) by the electric motor.
13. The door closure according to any one of Claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the electric motor (4) is coupled by means of a transmission, preferably a single-step gearwheel transmission (8), to a coupling element as part of the drive mechanism (5).
14. The door closure according to any one of Claims 1 to 13, characterized in that a monitoring unit (18) is associated with the electric motor (4), which, upon positioning of the bolt (3) in its unlocked position, deenergizes the electric motor (4) or decouples it from the coupling mechanism (9).

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