EP2469100A1 - Motorcompressor unit with torsionally flexible coupling placed in a hollow shaft of the compressor - Google Patents

Motorcompressor unit with torsionally flexible coupling placed in a hollow shaft of the compressor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2469100A1
EP2469100A1 EP11194395A EP11194395A EP2469100A1 EP 2469100 A1 EP2469100 A1 EP 2469100A1 EP 11194395 A EP11194395 A EP 11194395A EP 11194395 A EP11194395 A EP 11194395A EP 2469100 A1 EP2469100 A1 EP 2469100A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
main shaft
motor
compressor
shaft
unit according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP11194395A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2469100B1 (en
Inventor
Thomas Alban
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Thermodyn SAS
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Thermodyn SAS
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Publication of EP2469100A1 publication Critical patent/EP2469100A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/05—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof, specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/053—Shafts
    • F04D29/054—Arrangements for joining or assembling shafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D17/00—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/08—Centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/10—Centrifugal pumps for compressing or evacuating
    • F04D17/12—Multi-stage pumps
    • F04D17/122—Multi-stage pumps the individual rotor discs being, one for each stage, on a common shaft and axially spaced, e.g. conventional centrifugal multi- stage compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/04—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof
    • F04D29/0405—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof joining shafts, e.g. rigid couplings, quill shafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/04—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof
    • F04D29/043—Shafts
    • F04D29/044—Arrangements for joining or assembling shafts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to turbochargers or motocompressors, and in particular integrated motor compressor units.
  • An integrated compressor unit comprises a sealed casing in which are placed an electric motor and a compressor unit, for example multi-stage, which comprises several compression vane wheels carried by a driven shaft driven by the rotor of the motor.
  • the flexible couplings used which are generally of membrane type, increase the axial size of the motor-compressor unit (typical of the order of 35 to 40 cm compared to a rigid coupling with flanges), and represent a zone of weakness. because they can for example be subjected only to tensile or compressive stresses, in the axial direction, limited.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an integrated compact turbocharger unit in the axial direction, whose axial stiffness allows to use only one axial abutment without limitation of axial forces applied, the architecture of the motor-generating group generating a risk reduced gas leakage, and allowing easy disassembly for maintenance operations.
  • the motor-compressor unit comprises a motor and a compressor mounted in a gas-tight common housing to be compressed.
  • the motor comprises a rotor rotatably connected with a rotor of the compressor.
  • the compressor rotor has a main shaft and a connecting shaft coaxial with the main shaft.
  • the connecting shaft is disposed at least partly within the main shaft so as to be radially spaced from the main shaft, and has a coupling zone with the main shaft.
  • the motor-compressor unit is a centrifugal motor-compressor unit. Centrifugal compression stages are supported by the main shaft.
  • the motor-compressor unit comprises at least two bearings supporting the main shaft, the connecting shaft extending beyond one of the bearings, that is to say through the bearing .
  • the connecting shaft extends beyond a bearing supporting the main shaft, and also beyond one or more stages of compression, that is to say beyond one or more rows of blades, the compressor. According to a preferred embodiment, the connecting shaft extends beyond all the compression stages of the main shaft.
  • the motor-compressor unit preferably comprises at least two bearings supporting a shaft of the motor rotor, two bearings supporting the main shaft of the compressor, and comprises a single axial abutment, arranged either on the shaft of the motor rotor, or on the shaft main.
  • the flywheel of the axial stop may be placed axially between the coupling zone (including around the coupling zone), and the vanes of the main shaft.
  • the compressor has no axial stop, an axial abutment being connected to the rotor of the motor.
  • the motor-compressor unit comprises dismountable fixing means capable of securing, at the level of the coupling zone, both axially and in rotation, the connecting shaft and the main shaft of the compressor.
  • the removable fastening means are configured to be able to be detached from an axial end of the casing.
  • an axial thrust wheel is assembled around a portion of the main shaft traversed by the removable fixing means.
  • the motor-compressor unit comprises an axial abutment comprising a monobloc flywheel with a portion of the main shaft.
  • the motor-compressor unit comprises a low pressure gas inlet and a high pressure gas outlet axially closer to the engine than the low pressure inlet, and the radial space separating the main shaft and the connecting shaft is of a width capable of allowing a flow spontaneous gas leaving the engine to the low-pressure inlet zone.
  • the main shaft comprises one or more radial orifices connecting the outside of the main shaft and the radial space.
  • the main shaft comprises at least a first radial orifice or a first group of radial orifices joining the radial space, this or these openings opening upstream of a row of blades.
  • the first radial orifice or the first group of radial orifices opens out between the coupling zone and the first compression stage, which is the row of blades furthest from the engine.
  • the first radial orifice or the first group of radial orifices may in particular open between the abutment and the first compression stage.
  • the main shaft also comprises at least one second radial orifice or a second group of radial orifices opening between an axial balancing piston and a radial bearing, which is the radial bearing closest to the engine and supporting the shaft. main.
  • the casing of the motor-compressor unit does not have radial openings provided specifically to allow the connection between the different shafts to be made.
  • the casing of the motor-compressor unit may have, as the only radial openings, only inlet and outlet openings of the gases to be compressed, that is to say an uncompressed gas inlet, a compressed gas outlet, and possible gas intake for recirculation of a secondary gas stream in particular to optimize the cooling of the engine.
  • the connecting shaft is rigidly connected to the main shaft in the coupling zone.
  • a damping device is provided between the connecting shaft and the main shaft.
  • the common axis of rotation of the motor 3 and the compressor 2 is marked as the x-x 'axis.
  • the compressor 2 and the motor 3 are arranged inside a common housing 4.
  • the housing 4 may for example be in the form of a generally cylindrical body 8, sealed at its ends by two covers 9, 10 respectively located at the near end of the engine and at the near end of the compressor, and maintained for example by bolting on the body 8.
  • the motor and the compressor are therefore arranged in the gas treated by the motor-compressor unit.
  • the rotor 38 of the compressor 2 comprises in particular a main shaft 11, one or more rows of blade wheels (or compression wheels) 12, 13, 14 mounted on the main shaft 11, and a connecting shaft 21 arranged in part to inside the main shaft, and connected to both the rotor (39) of the engine and the main shaft (11.)
  • the rows of paddle wheels 12, 13, 14 are mounted on the main shaft 11 of the compressor 2 at increasing distances from a end of the main shaft 11 of the compressor 2, which is here the end opposite the motor 3. It is understood that the compressor 2 may include any number of rows of blades, which can also point to the motor. Between two rows of impeller wheels of the main shaft 11 of the compressor 2 is interposed a row of stator blades of the compressor 2, not shown in the figure to lighten the representation.
  • the stator vanes are integral with a cartridge (not shown) surrounding the main shaft 11, and point radially towards the main shaft 11.
  • the main shaft 11 is supported radially by two bearings 16 and 17 located respectively on the motor side 3 and on the opposite side to the motor 3.
  • the rotor 39 of the motor 3 is carried by a motor shaft 20 which is supported radially by two bearings 18 and 19.
  • the bearings 16, 17, 18, 19 are preferably bearings that do not require a supply of lubricating liquid. For this purpose, it is possible, for example, to use bearings of the active magnetic type, or gas bearings.
  • the cartridge and the bearings 16, 17 of the compressor which are integral with the casing 4 during the operation of the compressor, can be unlocked from the casing during maintenance operations, in order to exit axially, through the end of the casing corresponding to the cover 10. , the stator cartridge assembly, bearings 16, 17 and rotor (carried by the shaft 11), of the compressor 2.
  • the gas that the compressor 2 has to compress is fed through a gas inlet 5 upstream of the first row of blades 12. After having crossed the successive rows of blades 12, 13, 14, it comes out of the compressor by a gas outlet port 6.
  • a cooling pipe 7 withdraws partially compressed gas downstream of the first row of blades 12, and brings the gas-to the engine 3 to cool the latter .
  • the sampling can be done downstream of another vane row or downstream of the outlet orifice 6, if the temperature allows it.
  • the main shaft 11 is hollowed in its central part, that is to say in the vicinity of its axis, between an open end facing the motor 3, and a coupling zone 15 of the main shaft 11, at which it is integral with the connecting shaft 21.
  • the main shaft 11 is also recessed at its center on an axial portion situated between its end opposite the motor 3 and the coupling zone 15.
  • the coupling zone 15 is located between the bearings 16 and 17 supporting the main shaft 11, and more specifically, between the set of blades carried by the main shaft 11, and the bearing 17 arranged on the opposite side to the engine 3 by compared to this game of blades.
  • the recess passing through the main shaft 11 on either side of the coupling zone 15 is a cylindrical recess of revolution centered on the x-x 'axis of rotation of the motor 3 and the compressor 2.
  • the connecting shaft 21 extends at least partly inside the main shaft 11.
  • the connecting shaft 21 has a section smaller than that of the central recess of the main shaft 11, and extends to the coupling zone 15 of the main shaft 11.
  • a radial space 37 is thus formed between the main shaft 11 and the connecting shaft 21.
  • the connecting shaft 21 provides the coupling between the main shaft 11 and the shaft 20 of the motor rotor.
  • the driving shaft 20 is rigidly assembled, for example by flanges 22, to the connecting shaft 21.
  • the connecting shaft 21 is secured, by its end opposite the motor 3, to the coupling zone 15.
  • the connecting shaft 21 is preferably made of a material of high yield strength. It is thus able to withstand the torsional stress of the engine on a reduced section, and thanks to this reduced section, can be assembled inside the main shaft 11 while leaving the radial space 37. According to the variants of embodiment it is possible to use a connecting shaft whose external diameter is less than half the outer diameter of the drive shaft 20.
  • This reduced section also allows, between the two ends of the connecting shaft 21, to remain in a resilient bending deformation domain despite permanent angular or lateral misalignments between the main shaft and the shaft engine. This flexibility also makes it possible to filter the bending vibrations between the main shaft and the motor shaft. Furthermore, the reduced section of the connecting shaft allows a gradation of the forces transmitted during sudden changes in the torque transmitted by the motor, or the resistive torque exerted by the compressor.
  • the connecting shaft 21 has a central portion 27 whose section is substantially constant between the assembly flange 22, and the end secured to the coupling zone 15 of the main shaft 11. At the end of the integral end of the coupling zone 15, removable fixing means ensure the coupling between this connecting shaft 21 and the main shaft 11.
  • the connecting shaft 21 has a grooved zone 23, whose grooves, formed on its outer circumference, are complementary grooves formed recessed on the coupling zone 15 of the main shaft 11 .
  • the connecting shaft 21 is continued by a threaded portion 24 of lower section than that of the corrugated portion 23.
  • This threaded portion passes through an orifice 25 of corresponding diameter, formed in the coupling zone 15.
  • a nut 26 is screwed onto the threaded portion 24, on the side of the coupling zone 15 which is opposite the body 27 of the connecting shaft 21.
  • the connecting shaft 21 is thus, at the level of the coupling zone 15, integral both in rotation and in axial displacement, with the main shaft 11.
  • connection obtained by means of the connecting shaft 21 between the drive shaft 20 and the main shaft 11, is rigid in the axial direction.
  • a single axial abutment 28 which cooperates with axial bearings 40, maintains the axial line of trees.
  • the axial abutment 28 is also preferably of the type that does not require the supply of lubricating liquid, for example an active magnetic type stop.
  • the abutment 28 comprises an abutment wheel 29 shrunk around the coupling zone 15, and attached to the main shaft 11.
  • the figure 2 illustrates a second embodiment of the invention.
  • the same elements being then designated by the same references.
  • the provisions of the engine 3, the compressor 2, the inlet 5 at low pressure of the gases to be compressed and the outlet 6 of the compressed gases are similar to those of the figure 1 .
  • a single axial abutment 30 is also provided for the axial retention of the motor 3 and the compressor 2, this axial abutment being this time placed between the bearings 18 and 19 supporting the rotor of the motor 3.
  • the compressor 2 is therefore without stop.
  • Another solution not shown but advantageous may be to place the stop at the end of the motor rotor (39) after the bearing (18).
  • the figure 3 is a simplified partial section of a compressor belonging to a motor-compressor unit according to a third embodiment of the invention.
  • an axial balancing piston 31 comprising a rotatable portion 32, and facing a fixed piston portion 33 integral with the stator cartridge (not shown).
  • the rotating part 32 and the fixed part 33 are separated by a narrow gap 34, acting as a labyrinth seal, through which flows a leakage current of the high-pressure gas contained upstream (with respect to the flow direction of the gases). in the compressor 2) of the piston.
  • the gas inlet port 5 is further away from the engine 3 than the compressed gas outlet port 6, which itself is a little further away from the engine (3) than the piston 31.
  • the radial space 37 separating the main shaft 11 from the connecting shaft 21, extends from the open end on the motor side of the shaft 11, beyond the bearing 16, the piston 31 and the set of vanes of the main shaft 11.
  • the main shaft 11 is here made in several sections, namely a first axial section 11a comprising the coupling zone 15, and a second section 11b which is traversed right through by the central recess of the main shaft 11, and who wears all the blades.
  • the two sections are connected by a flange system 34a and 34b, the flange 34a being integral with a flywheel 29 forming part of the axial stop of the motor-compressor unit.
  • the embodiment in several parts of the main shaft 11 allows to choose the most suitable manufacturing techniques for each of the constituent elements.
  • this decoupling makes it possible to integrate the stop wheel 29 in a monobloc manner with the section 11a, which would be much more complicated if the connecting shaft 11 was made in one piece.
  • stop wheel 29 is made in the form of a separate disc, clamped between the two sections 11a and 11b.
  • a first orifice or group of orifices 35 is formed in the low-pressure zone situated upstream (with respect to the flow of gases in the compressor 2) of the row of blades 12, in the axial vicinity of the orifice of FIG. gas inlet 5.
  • a second orifice or group of orifices 36 is formed in the main shaft 11, between the piston 31 and the magnetic bearing 16.
  • This or these orifices 36 associated with the radial space 37 allow channeling towards the inside of the main shaft 11, on the one hand the gases having leaked through the labyrinth 34, and on the other hand, a flow of gas having passed through the magnetic bearing 16 from the end of the main shaft 11 situated on the side of the 3.
  • the dimensions of the orifices 35, 36 and the radial width of the space 37 are chosen so as to allow a spontaneous flow of the gases coming from the engine or the gases collected by the orifice 36.
  • the orifices 35 formed in the low pressure zone can bring back in this low pressure zone, from the open end of the main shaft 11, on the one hand hot gases from the flow of gas used to cool the engine 3, and secondly, the gases collected by the orifice 36 for returning the gases of the piston 31.
  • the gases heated by the engine 3 then mix with the gases entering the turbocharger through the orifice 5, "thinner Thus the calories removed from the engine 3 in the gas stream to be compressed.
  • the main shaft 11 thus becomes an integral part of the cooling circuitry of the motor-compressor unit.
  • the object of the invention is not limited to the examples described and can be broken down into numerous variants.
  • the bearing 16 from which the flow of gas is captured by channeling it through the orifice 36 can be a magnetic bearing or a gas bearing.
  • the motor-compressor unit according to the invention makes it possible to have a flexible coupling between the motor and the compressor whose rigidity and axial compactness are improved.
  • the motor-compressor unit according to the invention also makes it possible to simplify the architecture of the motor-compressor unit, especially at the level of the pipes and cooling circuits. The overall tightness of the compressor is improved as well as its ease of maintenance.

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

The unit (1) has a motor (3) and a compressor (2) that are mounted in a compressed gas seal housing (4). The motor includes a rotor (39) connected in rotation with a rotor (38) of the compressor. The rotor of the compressor includes a connecting shaft (21) coaxial with a main shaft (11). The connecting shaft is partially arranged within the main shaft so as to be radially spaced from the main shaft. The connecting shaft includes a coupling region (15) coupled with the main shaft. Two bearings (16, 17) support the main shaft. The connecting shaft extends beyond one of the bearings.

Description

L'invention concerne les turbocompresseurs ou motocompresseurs, et en particulier les groupes motocompresseurs intégrés. Un groupe motocompresseur intégré comporte un carter étanche dans lequel sont placés un moteur électrique et un groupe compresseur, par exemple à plusieurs étages, qui comporte plusieurs roues à aube de compression portées par un arbre mené entraîné par le rotor du moteur.The invention relates to turbochargers or motocompressors, and in particular integrated motor compressor units. An integrated compressor unit comprises a sealed casing in which are placed an electric motor and a compressor unit, for example multi-stage, which comprises several compression vane wheels carried by a driven shaft driven by the rotor of the motor.

Il a d'abord été proposé de coupler l'arbre mené et le rotor au moyen d'un accouplement rigide, des paliers étant prévus pour supporter les extrémités de la ligne d'arbre du groupe motocompresseur ainsi que sa portion médiane.It was first proposed to couple the driven shaft and the rotor by means of a rigid coupling, bearings being provided to support the ends of the shaft line of the motor compressor group and its middle portion.

Cependant, une telle structure nécessite à l'assemblage un alignement parfait du rotor et de l'arbre mené. Il a ainsi été proposé de coupler le rotor et l'arbre mené au moyen d'un accouplement flexible, afin de s'affranchir des problèmes d'alignement. En outre, cette solution permet au rotor et à l'arbre mené de conserver des comportements vibratoires qui leur sont propres, dans la mesure où ils restent mécaniquement découplés. On pourra à cet égard se référer au document WO 2004/083644 qui décrit un tel agencement. Afin de sortir le compresseur du carter pour des opérations de maintenance, il est nécessaire d'accéder aux organes d'accouplement flexibles par des ouvertures radiales du carter. Or, ces ouvertures radiales, même si elles sont munies de trappes d'accès étanches, peuvent être sources de fuites du gaz contenu dans le carter.However, such a structure requires the assembly a perfect alignment of the rotor and the driven shaft. It has thus been proposed to couple the rotor and the driven shaft by means of a flexible coupling, in order to overcome the problems of alignment. In addition, this solution allows the rotor and the driven shaft to maintain vibratory behaviors of their own, insofar as they remain mechanically decoupled. In this regard, reference may be made to the document WO 2004/083644 which describes such an arrangement. In order to remove the compressor from the crankcase for maintenance operations, it is necessary to access the flexible coupling members by radial openings of the crankcase. However, these radial openings, even if they are provided with sealed access hatches, can be sources of gas leakage contained in the housing.

Lorsque le gaz à comprimer est combustible, ces fuites peuvent générer, par mélange avec l'air ambiant, une atmosphère explosive. Les exigences d'étanchéité de tels turbocompresseurs sont donc soumises à une réglementation très stricte, contraignant la conception de tels motocompresseurs.When the gas to be compressed is combustible, these leaks can generate, by mixing with the ambient air, an explosive atmosphere. The sealing requirements of such turbochargers are therefore subject to very strict regulations, forcing the design of such motor compressors.

En outre, les accouplements flexibles utilisés, qui sont généralement de type à membrane, augmentent l'encombrement axial du groupe motocompresseur (typique de l'ordre de 35 à 40cm par rapport à un accouplement rigide à brides), et représentent une zone de fragilité car ils ne peuvent par exemple être soumis qu'à des contraintes de traction ou compression, dans la direction axiale, limitées.In addition, the flexible couplings used, which are generally of membrane type, increase the axial size of the motor-compressor unit (typical of the order of 35 to 40 cm compared to a rigid coupling with flanges), and represent a zone of weakness. because they can for example be subjected only to tensile or compressive stresses, in the axial direction, limited.

Afin de permettre des efforts axiaux importants sur les arbres, l'utilisation de tels accouplements flexibles implique donc au moins une butée axiale au niveau du rotor du moteur, et une autre butée axiale solidaire de l'arbre mené.In order to allow significant axial forces on the shafts, the use of such flexible couplings therefore involves at least one axial abutment at the rotor of the motor, and another axial abutment integral with the driven shaft.

Le but de l'invention est de proposer un groupe turbocompresseur intégré compact dans le sens axial, dont la rigidité axiale permet de n'utiliser qu'une seule butée axiale sans limitation des efforts axiaux appliqués, l'architecture du groupe motocompresseur générant un risque de fuites gazeuses réduit, et permettant un démontage aisé en vue des opérations de maintenance.The object of the invention is to provide an integrated compact turbocharger unit in the axial direction, whose axial stiffness allows to use only one axial abutment without limitation of axial forces applied, the architecture of the motor-generating group generating a risk reduced gas leakage, and allowing easy disassembly for maintenance operations.

A cette fin, le groupe motocompresseur comprend un moteur et un compresseur montés dans un carter commun étanche au gaz à comprimer. Le moteur comprend un rotor lié en rotation avec un rotor du compresseur. Le rotor du compresseur comporte un arbre principal et un arbre de liaison coaxial avec l'arbre principal. L'arbre de liaison est disposé au moins en partie à l'intérieur de l'arbre principal de manière à être radialement espacé de l'arbre principal, et comporte une zone de couplage avec l'arbre principal.To this end, the motor-compressor unit comprises a motor and a compressor mounted in a gas-tight common housing to be compressed. The motor comprises a rotor rotatably connected with a rotor of the compressor. The compressor rotor has a main shaft and a connecting shaft coaxial with the main shaft. The connecting shaft is disposed at least partly within the main shaft so as to be radially spaced from the main shaft, and has a coupling zone with the main shaft.

Dans un mode de mise en oeuvre, le groupe motocompresseur est un groupe motocompresseur centrifuge. Les étages de compression centrifuges sont supportés par l'arbre principal.In one embodiment, the motor-compressor unit is a centrifugal motor-compressor unit. Centrifugal compression stages are supported by the main shaft.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, le groupe motocompresseur comprend au moins deux palier supportant l'arbre principal, l'arbre de liaison s'étendant au delà de l'un des paliers, c'est-à-dire traversant le palier.According to another characteristic of the invention, the motor-compressor unit comprises at least two bearings supporting the main shaft, the connecting shaft extending beyond one of the bearings, that is to say through the bearing .

Avantageusement, l'arbre de liaison s'étend au-delà d'un palier supportant l'arbre principal, et également au-delà d'un ou plusieurs étages de compression, c'est-à-dire au-delà d'une ou plusieurs rangées d'aubes, du compresseur. Selon un mode de réalisation préférentiel, l'arbre de liaison s'étend au-delà de l'ensemble des étages de compression de l'arbre principal.Advantageously, the connecting shaft extends beyond a bearing supporting the main shaft, and also beyond one or more stages of compression, that is to say beyond one or more rows of blades, the compressor. According to a preferred embodiment, the connecting shaft extends beyond all the compression stages of the main shaft.

Le groupe motocompresseur comporte de préférence au moins deux paliers supportant un arbre du rotor du moteur, deux paliers supportant l'arbre principal du compresseur, et comporte une seule butée axiale, disposée soit sur l'arbre du rotor moteur, soit sur l'arbre principal.The motor-compressor unit preferably comprises at least two bearings supporting a shaft of the motor rotor, two bearings supporting the main shaft of the compressor, and comprises a single axial abutment, arranged either on the shaft of the motor rotor, or on the shaft main.

Le volant de la butée axiale peut être placé axialement entre la zone de couplage (y compris autour de la zone de couplage), et les aubes de l'arbre principal.The flywheel of the axial stop may be placed axially between the coupling zone (including around the coupling zone), and the vanes of the main shaft.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation, le compresseur est dépourvu de butée axiale, une butée axiale étant liée au rotor du moteur.According to another embodiment, the compressor has no axial stop, an axial abutment being connected to the rotor of the motor.

De manière préférentielle, le groupe motocompresseur comporte des moyens de fixation démontables aptes à solidariser au niveau de la zone de couplage, à la fois axialement et en rotation, l'arbre de liaison et l'arbre principal du compresseur.Preferably, the motor-compressor unit comprises dismountable fixing means capable of securing, at the level of the coupling zone, both axially and in rotation, the connecting shaft and the main shaft of the compressor.

Avantageusement, les moyens de fixation démontables sont configurés pour pouvoir être désolidarisés à partir d'une extrémité axiale du carter.Advantageously, the removable fastening means are configured to be able to be detached from an axial end of the casing.

Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, un volant de butée axiale est assemblé autour d'une portion de l'arbre principal traversée par les moyens de fixation démontables.According to a preferred embodiment, an axial thrust wheel is assembled around a portion of the main shaft traversed by the removable fixing means.

Selon un mode de réalisation avantageux, le groupe motocompresseur comprend une butée axiale comprenant un volant monobloc avec une portion de l'arbre principal.According to an advantageous embodiment, the motor-compressor unit comprises an axial abutment comprising a monobloc flywheel with a portion of the main shaft.

Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, le groupe motocompresseur comporte une entrée de gaz à basse pression et une sortie de gaz à haute pression plus proche axialement du moteur que l'entrée à basse pression, et l'espace radial séparant l'arbre principal et l'arbre de liaison est de largeur apte à permettre un écoulement spontané des gaz sortant du moteur vers la zone d'entrée à basse pression.According to a preferred embodiment, the motor-compressor unit comprises a low pressure gas inlet and a high pressure gas outlet axially closer to the engine than the low pressure inlet, and the radial space separating the main shaft and the connecting shaft is of a width capable of allowing a flow spontaneous gas leaving the engine to the low-pressure inlet zone.

Avantageusement, l'arbre principal comporte un ou plusieurs orifices radiaux reliant l'extérieur de l'arbre principal et l'espace radial.Advantageously, the main shaft comprises one or more radial orifices connecting the outside of the main shaft and the radial space.

Avantageusement, l'arbre principal comporte au moins un premier orifice radial ou un premier groupe d'orifices radiaux rejoignant l'espace radial, ce ou ces orifices débouchant à l'amont d'une rangée d'aubes.Advantageously, the main shaft comprises at least a first radial orifice or a first group of radial orifices joining the radial space, this or these openings opening upstream of a row of blades.

Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, le premier orifice radial ou le premier groupe d'orifices radiaux débouche entre la zone de couplage et le premier étage de compression, qui est la rangée d'aubes la plus éloignée du moteur.According to a preferred embodiment, the first radial orifice or the first group of radial orifices opens out between the coupling zone and the first compression stage, which is the row of blades furthest from the engine.

Dans ce mode de réalisation préféré, le premier orifice radial ou le premier groupe d'orifices radiaux peut en particulier déboucher entre la butée et le premier étage de compression.In this preferred embodiment, the first radial orifice or the first group of radial orifices may in particular open between the abutment and the first compression stage.

Avantageusement, l'arbre principal comporte également au moins un second orifice radial ou un second groupe d'orifices radiaux débouchant entre un piston d'équilibrage axial et un palier radial, qui est le palier radial le plus proche du moteur et soutenant l'arbre principal.Advantageously, the main shaft also comprises at least one second radial orifice or a second group of radial orifices opening between an axial balancing piston and a radial bearing, which is the radial bearing closest to the engine and supporting the shaft. main.

Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, le carter du groupe motocompresseur ne présente pas d'ouvertures radiales prévues spécifiquement pour permettre d'assurer la liaison entre les différents arbresAccording to a preferred embodiment, the casing of the motor-compressor unit does not have radial openings provided specifically to allow the connection between the different shafts to be made.

En particulier, le carter du groupe motocompresseur peut ne présenter comme seules ouvertures radiales, que des ouvertures d'entrée et de sortie des gaz à comprimer, c'est-à-dire une entrée de gaz non comprimé, une sortie de gaz comprimé, et d'éventuelles prises de gaz servant à une recirculation d'un flux secondaire de gaz permettant en particulier d'optimiser le refroidissement du moteur.In particular, the casing of the motor-compressor unit may have, as the only radial openings, only inlet and outlet openings of the gases to be compressed, that is to say an uncompressed gas inlet, a compressed gas outlet, and possible gas intake for recirculation of a secondary gas stream in particular to optimize the cooling of the engine.

Selon un premier mode de réalisation, l'arbre de liaison est lié rigidement à l'arbre principal dans la zone de couplage. Suivant un second mode de réalisation, un dispositif amortisseur est ménagé entre l'arbre de liaison et l'arbre principal.According to a first embodiment, the connecting shaft is rigidly connected to the main shaft in the coupling zone. Following a second embodiment, a damping device is provided between the connecting shaft and the main shaft.

D'autres buts, caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description suivante, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple non limitatif, et faite en référence aux dessins annexés sur lesquels :

  • la figure 1 illustre un schéma de principe général d'un groupe motocompresseur selon l'invention,
  • la figure 2 représente un autre mode de réalisation d'un groupe motocompresseur selon l'invention,
  • la figure 3 représente une vue de détail d'un troisième mode de réalisation d'un groupe motocompresseur selon l'invention.
Other objects, features and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the following description, given solely by way of nonlimiting example, and with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • the figure 1 illustrates a general block diagram of a motor-compressor unit according to the invention,
  • the figure 2 represents another embodiment of a motor-compressor unit according to the invention,
  • the figure 3 represents a detailed view of a third embodiment of a motor-compressor unit according to the invention.

Tel qu'illustré sur la figure 1, le groupe motocompresseur, désigné par la référence générale 1 comprend un compresseur 2 entraîné en rotation par un moteur électrique 3. L'axe de rotation commun du moteur 3 et du compresseur 2 est repéré comme l'axe x-x'. Le compresseur 2 et le moteur 3 sont disposés à l'intérieur d'un carter commun 4. Le carter 4 peut par exemple se présenter sous forme d'un corps globalement cylindrique 8, fermé de manière étanche à ses extrémités par deux couvercles 9, 10 situés respectivement à l'extrémité proche du moteur et à l'extrémité proche du compresseur, et maintenus par exemple par boulonnage sur le corps 8.As illustrated on the figure 1 , the motor-compressor unit, designated by the general reference 1 comprises a compressor 2 rotated by an electric motor 3. The common axis of rotation of the motor 3 and the compressor 2 is marked as the x-x 'axis. The compressor 2 and the motor 3 are arranged inside a common housing 4. The housing 4 may for example be in the form of a generally cylindrical body 8, sealed at its ends by two covers 9, 10 respectively located at the near end of the engine and at the near end of the compressor, and maintained for example by bolting on the body 8.

Le moteur et le compresseur sont donc disposés dans le gaz traité par le groupe motocompresseur.The motor and the compressor are therefore arranged in the gas treated by the motor-compressor unit.

Pour simplifier la représentation, seule la partie rotorique du compresseur 2 est représentée sur les figures. Le rotor 38 du compresseur 2 comprend notamment un arbre principal 11, une ou plusieurs rangées de roues à aube (ou roues de compression) 12, 13, 14 montées sur l'arbre principal 11, et un arbre de liaison 21 disposé en partie à l'intérieur de l'arbre principal, et lié à la fois au rotor (39) du moteur et à l'arbre principal (11.)To simplify the representation, only the rotor part of the compressor 2 is shown in the figures. The rotor 38 of the compressor 2 comprises in particular a main shaft 11, one or more rows of blade wheels (or compression wheels) 12, 13, 14 mounted on the main shaft 11, and a connecting shaft 21 arranged in part to inside the main shaft, and connected to both the rotor (39) of the engine and the main shaft (11.)

Les rangées de roues à aube 12, 13, 14 sont montées sur l'arbre principal 11 du compresseur 2 à des distances croissantes d'une extrémité de l'arbre principal 11 du compresseur 2, qui est ici l'extrémité opposée au moteur 3. Il est bien entendu que le compresseur 2 peut comporter un nombre quelconque de rangées d'aubes, pouvant par ailleurs pointer vers le moteur. Entre deux rangées de roues à aubes de l'arbre principal 11 du compresseur 2, est intercalée une rangée d'aubes statoriques du compresseur 2, non représentée sur la figure pour alléger la représentation. Les aubes statoriques sont solidaires d'une cartouche (non représentée) entourant l'arbre principal 11, et pointent radialement vers l'arbre principal 11.The rows of paddle wheels 12, 13, 14 are mounted on the main shaft 11 of the compressor 2 at increasing distances from a end of the main shaft 11 of the compressor 2, which is here the end opposite the motor 3. It is understood that the compressor 2 may include any number of rows of blades, which can also point to the motor. Between two rows of impeller wheels of the main shaft 11 of the compressor 2 is interposed a row of stator blades of the compressor 2, not shown in the figure to lighten the representation. The stator vanes are integral with a cartridge (not shown) surrounding the main shaft 11, and point radially towards the main shaft 11.

L'arbre principal 11 est supporté radialement par deux paliers 16 et 17 situés respectivement du côté du moteur 3 et du côté opposé au moteur 3. Le rotor 39 du moteur 3 est porté par un arbre moteur 20 qui est supporté radialement par deux paliers 18 et 19. Les paliers 16, 17, 18, 19 sont de préférence des paliers ne nécessitant pas d'alimentation en liquide de lubrification. On peut, à cet effet, par exemple utiliser des paliers de type magnétique actif, ou des paliers à gaz.The main shaft 11 is supported radially by two bearings 16 and 17 located respectively on the motor side 3 and on the opposite side to the motor 3. The rotor 39 of the motor 3 is carried by a motor shaft 20 which is supported radially by two bearings 18 and 19. The bearings 16, 17, 18, 19 are preferably bearings that do not require a supply of lubricating liquid. For this purpose, it is possible, for example, to use bearings of the active magnetic type, or gas bearings.

La cartouche et les paliers 16, 17 du compresseur, qui sont solidaires du carter 4 pendant le fonctionnement du compresseur, peuvent être déverrouillées du carter lors d'opérations de maintenance, afin de sortir axialement, par l'extrémité du carter correspondant au couvercle 10, l'ensemble cartouche statorique, paliers 16, 17 et rotor (porté par l'arbre 11), du compresseur 2.The cartridge and the bearings 16, 17 of the compressor, which are integral with the casing 4 during the operation of the compressor, can be unlocked from the casing during maintenance operations, in order to exit axially, through the end of the casing corresponding to the cover 10. , the stator cartridge assembly, bearings 16, 17 and rotor (carried by the shaft 11), of the compressor 2.

Le gaz que le compresseur 2 doit comprimer est amené par un orifice d'admission de gaz 5 en amont de la première rangée d'aubes 12. Après avoir franchi les rangées d'aubes successives 12, 13, 14, il ressort du compresseur par un orifice de sortie de gaz 6. Afin de refroidir le moteur 3, une conduite de refroidissement 7 prélève du gaz partiellement comprimé en aval de la première rangée d'aubes 12, et amène ce gaz-vers le moteur 3 afin de refroidir ce dernier. Le prélèvement peut se faire en aval d'une autre rangée d'aubage ou bien en aval de l'orifice de sortie 6, si la température le permet.The gas that the compressor 2 has to compress is fed through a gas inlet 5 upstream of the first row of blades 12. After having crossed the successive rows of blades 12, 13, 14, it comes out of the compressor by a gas outlet port 6. In order to cool the engine 3, a cooling pipe 7 withdraws partially compressed gas downstream of the first row of blades 12, and brings the gas-to the engine 3 to cool the latter . The sampling can be done downstream of another vane row or downstream of the outlet orifice 6, if the temperature allows it.

L'arbre principal 11 est évidé en sa partie centrale, c'est-à-dire au voisinage de son axe, entre une extrémité ouverte faisant face au moteur 3, et une zone de couplage 15 de l'arbre principal 11, au niveau de laquelle il est solidaire avec l'arbre de liaison 21. Dans le mode de réalisation de la figure 1, l'arbre principal 11 est également évidé en son centre sur une portion axiale située entre son extrémité opposée au moteur 3 et la zone de couplage 15.The main shaft 11 is hollowed in its central part, that is to say in the vicinity of its axis, between an open end facing the motor 3, and a coupling zone 15 of the main shaft 11, at which it is integral with the connecting shaft 21. In the embodiment of the figure 1 , the main shaft 11 is also recessed at its center on an axial portion situated between its end opposite the motor 3 and the coupling zone 15.

La zone de couplage 15 se trouve entre les paliers 16 et 17 supportant l'arbre principal 11, et plus précisément, entre le jeu d'aubes porté par l'arbre principal 11, et le palier 17 disposé du côté opposé au moteur 3 par rapport à ce jeu d'aubes.The coupling zone 15 is located between the bearings 16 and 17 supporting the main shaft 11, and more specifically, between the set of blades carried by the main shaft 11, and the bearing 17 arranged on the opposite side to the engine 3 by compared to this game of blades.

L'évidement qui traverse l'arbre principal 11 de part et d'autre de la zone de couplage 15 est un évidement cylindrique de révolution centré sur l'axe x-x' de rotation du moteur 3 et du compresseur 2.The recess passing through the main shaft 11 on either side of the coupling zone 15 is a cylindrical recess of revolution centered on the x-x 'axis of rotation of the motor 3 and the compressor 2.

Comme on le voit, l'arbre de liaison 21 s'étend au moins en partie à l'intérieur de l'arbre principal 11. En particulier, l'arbre de liaison 21 présente une section inférieure à celle de l'évidement central de l'arbre principal 11, et s'étend jusqu'à la zone de couplage 15 de l'arbre principal 11. Un espace radial 37 est ainsi ménagé entre l'arbre principal 11 et l'arbre de liaison 21.As can be seen, the connecting shaft 21 extends at least partly inside the main shaft 11. In particular, the connecting shaft 21 has a section smaller than that of the central recess of the main shaft 11, and extends to the coupling zone 15 of the main shaft 11. A radial space 37 is thus formed between the main shaft 11 and the connecting shaft 21.

Par ailleurs, l'arbre de liaison 21 assure le couplage entre l'arbre principal 11 et l'arbre 20 du rotor du moteur. L'arbre moteur 20 est assemblé de manière rigide, par exemple par des brides 22, à l'arbre de liaison 21. L'arbre de liaison 21 est solidaire, par son extrémité opposée au moteur 3, de la zone de couplage 15. L'arbre de liaison 21 est de préférence réalisé dans un matériau à haute limite d'élasticité. Il est ainsi apte à supporter la contrainte de torsion du moteur sur une section réduite, et grâce à cette section réduite, peut être assemblé à l'intérieur de l'arbre principal 11 en ménageant l'espace radial 37. Suivant les variantes de réalisation, on peut utiliser un arbre de liaison dont le diamètre extérieur est inférieur à la moitié du diamètre extérieur de l'arbre moteur 20.Furthermore, the connecting shaft 21 provides the coupling between the main shaft 11 and the shaft 20 of the motor rotor. The driving shaft 20 is rigidly assembled, for example by flanges 22, to the connecting shaft 21. The connecting shaft 21 is secured, by its end opposite the motor 3, to the coupling zone 15. The connecting shaft 21 is preferably made of a material of high yield strength. It is thus able to withstand the torsional stress of the engine on a reduced section, and thanks to this reduced section, can be assembled inside the main shaft 11 while leaving the radial space 37. According to the variants of embodiment it is possible to use a connecting shaft whose external diameter is less than half the outer diameter of the drive shaft 20.

Cette section réduite permet également, entre les deux extrémités de l'arbre de liaison 21, de rester dans un domaine élastique de déformation de flexion malgré des désalignements angulaires ou latéraux permanents entre l'arbre principal et l'arbre moteur. Cette flexibilité permet en outre de filtrer les vibrations de flexion entre l'arbre principal et l'arbre moteur. Par ailleurs, la section réduite de l'arbre de liaison permet une gradation des efforts transmis lors de changements brusques du couple transmis par le moteur, ou du couple résistif exercé par le compresseur.This reduced section also allows, between the two ends of the connecting shaft 21, to remain in a resilient bending deformation domain despite permanent angular or lateral misalignments between the main shaft and the shaft engine. This flexibility also makes it possible to filter the bending vibrations between the main shaft and the motor shaft. Furthermore, the reduced section of the connecting shaft allows a gradation of the forces transmitted during sudden changes in the torque transmitted by the motor, or the resistive torque exerted by the compressor.

L'arbre de liaison 21 présente une portion centrale 27 dont la section est sensiblement constante entre la bride d'assemblage 22, et l'extrémité solidaire de la zone de couplage 15 de l'arbre principal 11. Au niveau de l'extrémité solidaire de la zone de couplage 15, des moyens de fixation démontables assurent le couplage entre cet arbre de liaison 21 et l'arbre principal 11.The connecting shaft 21 has a central portion 27 whose section is substantially constant between the assembly flange 22, and the end secured to the coupling zone 15 of the main shaft 11. At the end of the integral end of the coupling zone 15, removable fixing means ensure the coupling between this connecting shaft 21 and the main shaft 11.

Dans un mode de réalisation particulier illustré ici, l'arbre de liaison 21 présente une zone cannelée 23, dont les cannelures, ménagées sur sa circonférence extérieure, sont complémentaires de cannelures ménagées en creux sur la zone de couplage 15 de l'arbre principal 11.In a particular embodiment illustrated here, the connecting shaft 21 has a grooved zone 23, whose grooves, formed on its outer circumference, are complementary grooves formed recessed on the coupling zone 15 of the main shaft 11 .

Au-delà de sa portion cannelée 23, l'arbre de liaison 21 se poursuit par une portion filetée 24 de section inférieure à celle de la portion cannelée 23. Cette portion filetée traverse un orifice 25 de diamètre correspondant, ménagé dans la zone de couplage 15. Un écrou 26 est vissé sur la portion filetée 24, du côté de la zone de couplage 15 qui est opposé au corps 27 de l'arbre de liaison 21.Beyond its corrugated portion 23, the connecting shaft 21 is continued by a threaded portion 24 of lower section than that of the corrugated portion 23. This threaded portion passes through an orifice 25 of corresponding diameter, formed in the coupling zone 15. A nut 26 is screwed onto the threaded portion 24, on the side of the coupling zone 15 which is opposite the body 27 of the connecting shaft 21.

L'arbre de liaison 21 est ainsi, au niveau de la zone de couplage 15, solidaire à la fois en rotation et en déplacement axial, avec l'arbre principal 11.The connecting shaft 21 is thus, at the level of the coupling zone 15, integral both in rotation and in axial displacement, with the main shaft 11.

Lors d'opérations de maintenance, afin de sortir le compresseur 2 du carter 4, il suffit de démonter le couvercle d'extrémité 10, de dévisser l'écrou 26, de désolidariser du carter la cartouche statorique et les paliers 16,17, et d'extraire axialement le compresseur 2 par l'ouverture de couvercle 10. Aucun orifice radial dans le carter n'est nécessaire pour désolidariser le moteur 3 et le compresseur 2. Les orifices 5 d'admission de gaz et 6 de sortie de gaz ainsi que les orifices correspondant à la conduite de refroidissement 7, sont les seuls orifices radiaux ménagés dans le carter 4 du groupe motocompresseur. On limite ainsi le risque de fuite et de génération d'atmosphères explosives aux alentours du compresseur. Des ouvertures radiales limitées pourront toutefois être aménagées afin de désolidariser l'arbre moteur 20 et l'arbre de liaison 37 au niveau de la bride 22.During maintenance operations, in order to take the compressor 2 out of the casing 4, it suffices to disassemble the end cap 10, to unscrew the nut 26, to disengage the stator cartridge and the bearings 16, 17 from the casing, and axially extracting the compressor 2 through the lid opening 10. No radial orifice in the housing is necessary to separate the motor 3 and the compressor 2. The gas inlet and gas outlet openings 6 and 6 that the orifices corresponding to the cooling pipe 7, are the only radial orifices formed in the casing 4 of the group compressor. This limits the risk of leakage and generation of explosive atmospheres around the compressor. Limited radial openings may, however, be arranged in order to separate the drive shaft 20 and the connecting shaft 37 at the level of the flange 22.

La liaison obtenue au moyen de l'arbre de liaison 21 entre l'arbre moteur 20 et l'arbre principal 11, est rigide dans le sens axial.The connection obtained by means of the connecting shaft 21 between the drive shaft 20 and the main shaft 11, is rigid in the axial direction.

Une butée axiale 28 unique, qui coopère avec des paliers axiaux 40, assure le maintien axial de la ligne d'arbres. La butée axiale 28 est également, de préférence, du type ne nécessitant pas l'alimentation en liquide de lubrification, par exemple est une butée de type magnétique actif.A single axial abutment 28, which cooperates with axial bearings 40, maintains the axial line of trees. The axial abutment 28 is also preferably of the type that does not require the supply of lubricating liquid, for example an active magnetic type stop.

Dans le mode de réalisation de la figure 1, la butée 28 comprend un volant de butée 29 fretté autour de la zone de couplage 15, et attaché à l'arbre principal 11. La zone de couplage 15, bien que traversée par la portion filetée 24 de l'arbre de liaison 21, est ici la zone radialement la plus rigide de l'arbre principal 11, puisque cet arbre 15 est évidé sur une section plus importante que l'orifice 25 de part et d'autre de la zone de couplage 15.In the embodiment of the figure 1 , the abutment 28 comprises an abutment wheel 29 shrunk around the coupling zone 15, and attached to the main shaft 11. The coupling zone 15, although traversed by the threaded portion 24 of the connecting shaft 21, here is the radially most rigid zone of the main shaft 11, since this shaft 15 is hollowed out over a larger section than the orifice 25 on either side of the coupling zone 15.

La figure 2 illustre un second mode de réalisation de l'invention. On retrouve sur la figure 2 des éléments communs à la figure 1, les mêmes éléments étant alors désignés par les mêmes références. Les dispositions du moteur 3, du compresseur 2, de l'entrée 5 à basse pression des gaz à comprimer et de la sortie 6 des gaz comprimés sont similaires à celles de la figure 1.The figure 2 illustrates a second embodiment of the invention. We find on the figure 2 elements common to the figure 1 , the same elements being then designated by the same references. The provisions of the engine 3, the compressor 2, the inlet 5 at low pressure of the gases to be compressed and the outlet 6 of the compressed gases are similar to those of the figure 1 .

Sur le mode de réalisation de la figure 2, une seule butée axiale 30 est également prévue pour le maintien axial du moteur 3 et du compresseur 2, cette butée axiale 30 étant cette fois placée entre les paliers 18 et 19 supportant le rotor du moteur 3. Dans le mode de réalisation de la figure 2, le compresseur 2 est donc dépourvu de butée. Une autre solution non représentée mais avantageuse pourra consister à placer la butée à l'extrémité du rotor moteur (39) après le palier (18).On the embodiment of the figure 2 a single axial abutment 30 is also provided for the axial retention of the motor 3 and the compressor 2, this axial abutment being this time placed between the bearings 18 and 19 supporting the rotor of the motor 3. In the embodiment of FIG. figure 2 , the compressor 2 is therefore without stop. Another solution not shown but advantageous may be to place the stop at the end of the motor rotor (39) after the bearing (18).

La figure 3 est une coupe partielle simplifiée d'un compresseur appartenant à un groupe motocompresseur selon un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention. On retrouve sur la figure 3 des références commune aux figures 1 et 2, les mêmes éléments étant alors désignés par les mêmes références. On retrouve notamment sur la figure 3 l'arbre de liaison 21, le corps de l'arbre de liaison 27, la portion cannelée 23 de l'arbre de liaison, sa portion filetée 24, et l'écrou de maintien 26.The figure 3 is a simplified partial section of a compressor belonging to a motor-compressor unit according to a third embodiment of the invention. We find on the figure 3 common references to figures 1 and 2 , the same elements being then designated by the same references. We find in particular on the figure 3 the connecting shaft 21, the body of the connecting shaft 27, the splined portion 23 of the connecting shaft, its threaded portion 24, and the retaining nut 26.

On distingue également sur la figure 3 un piston d'équilibrage axial 31, comprenant une partie rotative 32, et faisant face à une partie fixe de piston 33 solidaire de la cartouche statorique (non représentée). La partie rotative 32 et la partie fixe 33 sont séparées par un intervalle étroit 34, faisant office de joint labyrinthe, par lequel s'écoule un courant de fuite du gaz à haute pression contenu en amont (par rapport au sens d'écoulement des gaz dans le compresseur 2) du piston.We also distinguish on the figure 3 an axial balancing piston 31, comprising a rotatable portion 32, and facing a fixed piston portion 33 integral with the stator cartridge (not shown). The rotating part 32 and the fixed part 33 are separated by a narrow gap 34, acting as a labyrinth seal, through which flows a leakage current of the high-pressure gas contained upstream (with respect to the flow direction of the gases). in the compressor 2) of the piston.

Dans le mode de réalisation de la figure 3, l'orifice 5 d'entrée de gaz est plus éloigné du moteur 3 que l'orifice 6 de sortie des gaz comprimés, qui est lui-même un peu plus éloigné du moteur (3) que le piston 31. L'espace radial 37 séparant l'arbre principal 11 de l'arbre de liaison 21, s'étend à partir de l'extrémité ouverte côté moteur de l'arbre 11, au-delà du palier 16, du piston 31 et de l'ensemble des aubes de l'arbre principal 11.In the embodiment of the figure 3 , the gas inlet port 5 is further away from the engine 3 than the compressed gas outlet port 6, which itself is a little further away from the engine (3) than the piston 31. The radial space 37 separating the main shaft 11 from the connecting shaft 21, extends from the open end on the motor side of the shaft 11, beyond the bearing 16, the piston 31 and the set of vanes of the main shaft 11.

L'arbre principal 11 est ici réalisé en plusieurs tronçons, soit un premier tronçon axial 11a comprenant la zone de couplage 15, et un deuxième tronçon 11b qui est traversé de part en part par l'évidement central de l'arbre principal 11, et qui porte toutes les aubes. Les deux tronçons sont reliés par un système de bride 34a et 34b, la bride 34a étant monobloc avec un volant 29 faisant partie de la butée axiale du groupe motocompresseur.The main shaft 11 is here made in several sections, namely a first axial section 11a comprising the coupling zone 15, and a second section 11b which is traversed right through by the central recess of the main shaft 11, and who wears all the blades. The two sections are connected by a flange system 34a and 34b, the flange 34a being integral with a flywheel 29 forming part of the axial stop of the motor-compressor unit.

La réalisation en plusieurs parties de l'arbre principal 11 permet de choisir les techniques de fabrication les plus adaptées pour chacun des éléments constitutifs. En outre, ce découplage permet d'intégrer le volant de butée 29 de manière monobloc avec le tronçon 11a, ce qui s'avérerait nettement plus compliqué si l'arbre de liaison 11 était réalisé d'une seule pièce.The embodiment in several parts of the main shaft 11 allows to choose the most suitable manufacturing techniques for each of the constituent elements. In addition, this decoupling makes it possible to integrate the stop wheel 29 in a monobloc manner with the section 11a, which would be much more complicated if the connecting shaft 11 was made in one piece.

On peut également envisager des variantes de réalisation où le volant de butée 29 serait réalisé sous forme d'un disque séparé, bridé entre les deux tronçons 11a et 11b.It is also possible to envisage embodiments where the stop wheel 29 is made in the form of a separate disc, clamped between the two sections 11a and 11b.

On peut voir sur la figure 3, des orifices radiaux ménagés dans le tronçon 11b de l'arbre principal. Un premier orifice ou groupe d'orifices 35 est ménagé dans la zone basse pression située en amont (par rapport à l'écoulement des gaz dans le compresseur 2) de la rangée d'aubes 12, au voisinage axial de l'orifice d'entrée de gaz 5.We can see on the figure 3 , radial orifices formed in the section 11b of the main shaft. A first orifice or group of orifices 35 is formed in the low-pressure zone situated upstream (with respect to the flow of gases in the compressor 2) of the row of blades 12, in the axial vicinity of the orifice of FIG. gas inlet 5.

Un second orifice ou groupe d'orifices 36 est ménagé dans l'arbre principal 11, entre le piston 31 et le palier magnétique 16. Ce ou ces orifices 36 associés à l'espace radial 37, permettent de canaliser vers l'intérieur de l'arbre principal 11, d'une part les gaz ayant fuit par le labyrinthe 34, et d'autre part, un flux de gaz ayant traversé le palier magnétique 16 à partir de l'extrémité de l'arbre principal 11 situé du côté du moteur 3. Les dimensions des orifices 35, 36 et la largeur radiale de l'espace 37 sont choisis de manière à permettre un écoulement spontané des gaz issus du moteur ou des gaz collecté par l'orifice 36.A second orifice or group of orifices 36 is formed in the main shaft 11, between the piston 31 and the magnetic bearing 16. This or these orifices 36 associated with the radial space 37 allow channeling towards the inside of the main shaft 11, on the one hand the gases having leaked through the labyrinth 34, and on the other hand, a flow of gas having passed through the magnetic bearing 16 from the end of the main shaft 11 situated on the side of the 3. The dimensions of the orifices 35, 36 and the radial width of the space 37 are chosen so as to allow a spontaneous flow of the gases coming from the engine or the gases collected by the orifice 36.

Le ou les orifices 35 ménagés dans la zone basse pression permettent de ramener dans cette zone basse pression, à partir de l'extrémité ouverte de l'arbre principal 11, d'une part des gaz chauds issus du flux de gaz ayant servi à refroidir le moteur 3, et d'autre part, les gaz collectés par l'orifice 36 de retour des gaz du piston 31. Les gaz échauffés par le moteur 3 se mélangent alors aux gaz entrant dans le turbocompresseur par l'orifice 5, « diluant » ainsi les calories évacuées du moteur 3 dans le flux de gaz à comprimer.The orifices 35 formed in the low pressure zone can bring back in this low pressure zone, from the open end of the main shaft 11, on the one hand hot gases from the flow of gas used to cool the engine 3, and secondly, the gases collected by the orifice 36 for returning the gases of the piston 31. The gases heated by the engine 3 then mix with the gases entering the turbocharger through the orifice 5, "thinner Thus the calories removed from the engine 3 in the gas stream to be compressed.

L'arbre principal 11 devient de la sorte une partie intégrante de la circuiterie de refroidissement du groupe motocompresseur.The main shaft 11 thus becomes an integral part of the cooling circuitry of the motor-compressor unit.

L'objet de l'invention ne se limite pas aux exemples décrits et peut se décliner en de nombreuses variantes. On peut par exemple envisager de placer la butée axiale entre les paliers 16 et 19, soit sur l'arbre moteur 20, soit sur l'arbre de liaison 21, soit encore entre les brides 22 reliant les deux arbres. On peut également envisager de placer la butée axiale à la fois à l'extérieur des paliers du moteur et à l'extérieur des paliers du compresseur, c'est à dire à gauche du palier 18 ou à droite du palier 17 de la figure 1. On peut envisager d'utiliser plusieurs butées axiales. Le palier 16 dont on capte le flux de gaz en le canalisant à l'aide de l'orifice 36 peut être un palier magnétique ou un palier à gaz.The object of the invention is not limited to the examples described and can be broken down into numerous variants. For example, it is conceivable to place the axial abutment between the bearings 16 and 19, either on the motor shaft 20 or on the connecting shaft 21, or between the flanges 22 connecting the two trees. It is also conceivable to place the axial stop both outside the motor bearings and outside the bearings of the compressor, ie to the left of the bearing 18 or to the right of the bearing 17 of the figure 1 . We can consider using several axial stops. The bearing 16 from which the flow of gas is captured by channeling it through the orifice 36 can be a magnetic bearing or a gas bearing.

On peut envisager de placer la zone de couplage 15 à l'extrémité de l'arbre principal 11 et/ou de la positionner au-delà du palier extrémal 17 de soutien de l'arbre principal 11. On peut également concevoir un arbre principal 11 dont la zone de couplage serait plus proche du moteur qu'une partie des aubes. On peut envisager d'insérer l'arbre de liaison 21 non pas dans un arbre creux 11 du compresseur mais dans un arbre creux 20 du rotor du moteur 3.It is conceivable to place the coupling zone 15 at the end of the main shaft 11 and / or to position it beyond the end bearing 17 for supporting the main shaft 11. It is also possible to design a main shaft 11 whose coupling zone would be closer to the engine than a part of the blades. It is conceivable to insert the connecting shaft 21 not in a hollow shaft 11 of the compressor but in a hollow shaft 20 of the rotor of the motor 3.

Bien que l'invention soit appliquée de manière préférentielle à de compresseurs centrifuges, elle pourrait également être appliquée à des compresseurs axiaux.Although the invention is preferably applied to centrifugal compressors, it could also be applied to axial compressors.

Le groupe motocompresseur selon l'invention permet de disposer d'un accouplement flexible entre moteur et compresseur dont la rigidité et la compacité axiale sont améliorées. Le groupe motocompresseur selon l'invention permet également de simplifier l'architecture du groupe motocompresseur notamment au niveau des canalisations et circuits de refroidissement. L'étanchéité globale du compresseur est améliorée ainsi que sa facilité de maintenance.The motor-compressor unit according to the invention makes it possible to have a flexible coupling between the motor and the compressor whose rigidity and axial compactness are improved. The motor-compressor unit according to the invention also makes it possible to simplify the architecture of the motor-compressor unit, especially at the level of the pipes and cooling circuits. The overall tightness of the compressor is improved as well as its ease of maintenance.

Liste des référencesList of references

11
Groupe motocompresseurMotor-compressor group
22
CompresseurCompressor
33
MoteurEngine
44
Carterbox
55
Orifice d'admission de gazGas Intake Hole
66
Orifice de sortie de gazGas outlet port
77
Conduite de refroidissementCooling pipe
88
Corps cylindriqueCylindrical body
99
Couvercle d'extrémitéEnd cover
1010
Couvercle d'extrémitéEnd cover
1111
Arbre principalMain tree
12, 13, 1412, 13, 14
Rangées d'aubesRows of blades
1515
Zone de couplageCoupling area
16, 1716, 17
Paliers du compresseurCompressor bearings
18, 1918, 19
Paliers du rotor du moteurBearings of the motor rotor
2020
Arbre moteurEngine shaft
2121
Arbre de liaisonLink tree
2222
BrideFlange
2323
Portion canneléeFluted portion
2424
Portion filetéeThreaded portion
2525
OrificeOrifice
2626
EcrouNut
2727
Corps de l'arbre de liaisonBody of the connecting shaft
2828
Butée axialeAxial stop
2929
Volant de butée axialeAxial thrust wheel
3030
Butée axialeAxial stop
3131
Piston d'équilibrage axialAxial balancing piston
3232
Partie rotative de pistonRotary piston part
3333
Partie fixe de pistonFixed part of piston
34a34a
BrideFlange
34b34b
BrideFlange
3535
Orifice de retour des gaz de refroidissement du moteurEngine cooling gas return port
3636
Orifice de retour des fuites du pistonReturn port for piston leaks
3737
espace radial entre l'arbre principal 11 et l'arbre de liaison 21.radial space between the main shaft 11 and the connecting shaft 21.
3838
Rotor du compresseurCompressor rotor
3939
Rotor du moteurRotor of the motor
4040
Paliers de butée axialeAxial thrust bearings
x-x'x-x '
Axe de rotation commun du moteur et du compresseurCommon axis of rotation of motor and compressor

Claims (14)

Groupe motocompresseur (1) comprenant un moteur (3) et un compresseur (2) montés dans un carter (4) commun étanche au gaz à comprimer, le moteur (3) comprenant un rotor (39) lié en rotation avec un rotor (38) du compresseur (2), caractérisé en ce que le rotor (38) du compresseur comporte un arbre principal (11) et un arbre de liaison (21) coaxial avec l'arbre principal, l'arbre de liaison étant disposé au moins en partie à l'intérieur de l'arbre principal (11) de manière à être radialement espacé de l'arbre principal (11) et comportant une zone de couplage (15) avec l'arbre principal (11).A motor-compressor unit (1) comprising a motor (3) and a compressor (2) mounted in a common gas-tight casing (4) to be compressed, the motor (3) comprising a rotor (39) rotatably connected to a rotor (38) ) of the compressor (2), characterized in that the rotor (38) of the compressor comprises a main shaft (11) and a connecting shaft (21) coaxial with the main shaft, the connecting shaft being arranged at least part inside the main shaft (11) so as to be radially spaced from the main shaft (11) and having a coupling zone (15) with the main shaft (11). Groupe motocompresseur suivant la revendication 1, comprenant un moteur et deux compresseurs, placés axialement de part et d'autre du moteur, l'ensemble étant monté dans un carter commun étanche au gaz à comprimer, le moteur comprenant un rotor lié en rotation avec chacun des rotors des compresseurs, chaque rotor de compresseur comportant un arbre principal et un arbre de liaison coaxial avec l'arbre principal, l'arbre de liaison étant disposé au moins en partie à l'intérieur de l'arbre principal de manière à être radialement espacé de l'arbre principal et comportant une zone de couplage avec l'arbre principal.A motor-compressor unit according to claim 1, comprising a motor and two compressors, placed axially on either side of the motor, the assembly being mounted in a gas-tight common housing to be compressed, the motor comprising a rotor rotatably connected to each compressors rotors, each compressor rotor having a main shaft and a connecting shaft coaxial with the main shaft, the connecting shaft being disposed at least partly inside the main shaft so as to be radially spaced from the main shaft and having a coupling zone with the main shaft. Groupe motocompresseur suivant les revendications 1 ou 2, comprenant au moins deux palier (16, 17) supportant l'arbre principal (11), l'arbre de liaison s'étendant au delà d'un des paliers (16).A motor unit according to claims 1 or 2, comprising at least two bearing (16, 17) supporting the main shaft (11), the connecting shaft extending beyond one of the bearings (16). Groupe motocompresseur suivant l'une des revendications précédentes, comportant deux paliers (18, 19) supportant le rotor (39) du moteur (3), au moins deux paliers (16, 17) supportant l'arbre principal (11) du compresseur (2), et comportant une seule butée axiale (28, 30), disposée soit sur l'arbre (20) du rotor (39) du moteur, soit sur l'arbre principal (11).Motor-compressor unit according to one of the preceding claims, comprising two bearings (18, 19) supporting the rotor (39) of the motor (3), at least two bearings (16, 17) supporting the main shaft (11) of the compressor ( 2), and having a single axial stop (28, 30) disposed either on the shaft (20) of the motor rotor (39) or on the main shaft (11). Groupe motocompresseur suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comportant des moyens de fixation démontables (23, 24, 25, 26) aptes à solidariser à la fois axialement et en rotation, l'arbre de liaison (21) et l'arbre principal (11) du compresseur (2) au niveau de la zone de couplage (15).Motor-compressor unit according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising dismountable fixing means (23, 24, 25, 26) able to join both axially and in rotation, the connecting shaft (21) and the main shaft (11) of the compressor (2) at the coupling zone (15). Groupe motocompresseur suivant la revendication 5, dans lequel les moyens de fixation démontables (23, 24, 25, 26) sont configurés pour pouvoir être désolidarisés à partir d'une extrémité (10) axiale du carter (4).A motor unit according to claim 5, wherein the removable attachment means (23, 24, 25, 26) are configured to be disengaged from an axial end (10) of the housing (4). Groupe motocompresseur suivant l'une des revendications 5 ou 6, comprenant un volant (29) de butée axiale (28) assemblé autour d'une portion (15) de l'arbre principal traversée par les moyens de fixation démontables (24, 25).Motor-compressor unit according to one of claims 5 or 6, comprising a flywheel (29) of axial abutment (28) assembled around a portion (15) of the main shaft traversed by the removable fixing means (24, 25). . Groupe motocompresseur suivant la revendication 4, comprenant une butée axiale comprenant un volant (29) monobloc avec une portion (11a) de l'arbre principal (11).A motor unit according to claim 4, comprising an axial stop comprising a monobloc flywheel (29) with a portion (11a) of the main shaft (11). Groupe motocompresseur suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comportant une entrée de gaz à basse pression (5) et une sortie de gaz à haute pression (6) plus proche axialement du moteur (3) que l'entrée à basse pression (5), dans lequel l'espace radial (37) séparant l'arbre principal (11) et l'arbre de liaison (21) est de largeur apte à permettre un écoulement spontané des gaz sortant du moteur (3) vers la zone d'entrée à basse pression (5).A motor unit as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, having a low pressure gas inlet (5) and a high pressure gas outlet (6) axially closer to the engine (3) than the low pressure inlet (5). ), wherein the radial space (37) separating the main shaft (11) and the connecting shaft (21) is of a width capable of allowing a spontaneous flow of the gases leaving the engine (3) towards the zone of low pressure inlet (5). Groupe motocompresseur suivant la revendication 9, dans lequel l'arbre principal comporte un ou plusieurs orifices radiaux (35, 36) reliant l'extérieur de l'arbre principal (11) et l'espace radial (37).A motor unit according to claim 9, wherein the main shaft has one or more radial orifices (35, 36) connecting the outside of the main shaft (11) and the radial space (37). Groupe motocompresseur suivant la revendication 10, dans lequel l'arbre principal (11) comporte au moins un orifice radial (35) rejoignant l'espace radial (37) et débouchant à l'amont d'une rangée d'aubes (12, 13 ou 14) du compresseur (2).Motor-compressor unit according to Claim 10, in which the main shaft (11) comprises at least one radial orifice (35) joining the radial space (37) and opening upstream of a row of vanes (12, 13). or 14) of the compressor (2). Groupe motocompresseur suivant les revendications 10 ou 11, dans lequel l'arbre principal (11) comporte au moins un second orifice radial (36) débouchant entre un piston d'équilibrage axial (31) et un palier radial (16), qui est le palier radial le plus proche du moteur (3) et soutenant l'arbre principal (11).Motor-compressor unit according to Claim 10 or 11, in which the main shaft (11) comprises at least one second radial orifice (36) opening between an axial balancing piston (31) and a radial bearing (16), which is the radial bearing closest to the motor (3) and supporting the main shaft (11). Groupe motocompresseur suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, ne présentant pas d'ouvertures radiales dans le carter (4), prévues spécifiquement pour permettre d'assurer la liaison entre les différents arbres.Motor-compressor unit according to one of the preceding claims, having no radial openings in the housing (4), provided specifically to ensure the connection between the various trees. Groupe motocompresseur suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comportant un dispositif amortisseur entre l'arbre de liaison (21) et l'arbre principal (11).A motor unit according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a damping device between the connecting shaft (21) and the main shaft (11).
EP11194395.7A 2010-12-22 2011-12-19 Motorcompressor unit with torsionally flexible coupling placed in a hollow shaft of the compressor Active EP2469100B1 (en)

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FR1061068A FR2969722B1 (en) 2010-12-22 2010-12-22 TORSIBLE COUPLING MOTORCOMPRESSOR UNIT LOCATED IN A HOLLOW COMPRESSOR SHAFT

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US9222481B2 (en) 2015-12-29
CN102606493A (en) 2012-07-25
FR2969722A1 (en) 2012-06-29
US20120164005A1 (en) 2012-06-28
EP2469100B1 (en) 2015-08-12
FR2969722B1 (en) 2013-01-04

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