EP1635039B1 - Coupling device with key elements for mounting a seal ring to the stator blades of a gas turbine - Google Patents

Coupling device with key elements for mounting a seal ring to the stator blades of a gas turbine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1635039B1
EP1635039B1 EP05108311A EP05108311A EP1635039B1 EP 1635039 B1 EP1635039 B1 EP 1635039B1 EP 05108311 A EP05108311 A EP 05108311A EP 05108311 A EP05108311 A EP 05108311A EP 1635039 B1 EP1635039 B1 EP 1635039B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
inner ring
engine
groove
sealing member
ring
Prior art date
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Application number
EP05108311A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1635039A1 (en
Inventor
Aude Abadie
Alain Piot
Alain Marc Lucien Bromann
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Safran Aircraft Engines SAS
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SNECMA SAS
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Publication of EP1635039A1 publication Critical patent/EP1635039A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D9/00—Stators
    • F01D9/02—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles
    • F01D9/04—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles forming ring or sector
    • F01D9/042—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles forming ring or sector fixing blades to stators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
    • F01D11/001—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between stator blade and rotor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
    • F01D17/10—Final actuators
    • F01D17/12—Final actuators arranged in stator parts
    • F01D17/14—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits
    • F01D17/16—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits by means of nozzle vanes
    • F01D17/162—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits by means of nozzle vanes for axial flow, i.e. the vanes turning around axes which are essentially perpendicular to the rotor centre line
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05D2230/60—Assembly methods
    • F05D2230/64—Assembly methods using positioning or alignment devices for aligning or centring, e.g. pins

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of turbomachines, such as gas turbine engines. It relates in particular to a means for fixing a support of a sealing member to a fixed blade block.
  • a gas turbine engine comprises a one or multi-stage compressor supplying a combustion chamber, the hot gases resulting therefrom driving one or more turbine rotors. These are connected to the compressor rotors to drive them.
  • a compressor is composed of several stages, each comprising a bladed impeller and stator vanes forming rectifiers.
  • the moving bladed wheel accelerates the air flow tangentially and compresses it, while the rectifier straighten the flow coming from the moving wheel so that the outlet flow of the fixed stage is in the axis of the motor.
  • the upstream stages of the rectifier are generally variable pitch. They are mounted on pivots so that they can be wedged angularly with respect to the motor axis.
  • a rectifier stage is more precisely constituted of a plurality of independent stator vanes, fixed at one end to the compressor casing, and which are extended at the other end by a lower pivot. .
  • the pivots are interconnected by an inner ring which delimits the inner wall of the gas stream.
  • the inner ring may be circumferential in one piece or preferably composed of a plurality of sectors, at least two in half circles.
  • the inner stator ring supports sealing members cooperating with complementary sealing members on the rotor which oppose the gas reflux upstream.
  • a stator vane pivot 2 is retained by a sleeve 3 in a housing of the ring 4 or the ring sector.
  • the stator dawn is not represented in its entirety. It extends radially outwardly through the vein and is attached to the outer casing.
  • the ring 2 is held integral with the blades 2 by means of a determined number of keys 5 disposed on the periphery of the inner stator ring.
  • the keys are arranged on either side of the pivot 21 of a blade as seen on the figure 2 , through the bushing 3.
  • the bushing 3 is crimped on the dawn so as to block any movement of separation from one to the other.
  • the pivots 21 with their pad are free in rotation and axially limited by the play between the keys and the grooves for these keys in the pads, relative to the inner ring.
  • the keys, distributed along the ring, together ensure the centering of the inner ring relative to the stator vanes. The vanes are themselves retained by their other end, not shown, to the structure of the engine.
  • the inner ring 2 supports a door member 6 sealing.
  • This sealing member such as a wear material in the form of a honeycomb, for example, cooperates with a complementary member on the rotor.
  • it comprises a cylindrical portion 61 with, upstream with respect to the direction of flow of the gases, an angled section blade 62 whose axial portion is housed in a circumferential groove with axial opening, made in the upstream face. of the ring 2.
  • the cylindrical portion rests against the radially inner face of the ring 2.
  • the cylindrical member 62 is blocked in the axial direction by a radial rib 62 '. It bears against the wall of the ring 2 facing downstream.
  • a sail 63 plunges downstream towards the axis of the rotor. It comprises an annular housing 65 for the sealing member which has not been illustrated.
  • a vertical cowling 66 connects upstream the housing 65 to a groove with a downstream axial opening formed in the ring 2.
  • the keys comprise a head 51 of axial wedging. These heads comprise a flat portion 53 in which is housed the upper edge of the element 62 '.
  • the immobilization, as shown, in the axial direction is thus obtained by the radial rib 62 '.
  • a mounting mode comprises the following successive phases. We put in place the stator vanes. They are held by their upper end. The inner ring or the inner ring sectors are put in place by engaging the pivots in the housings 42. The ring 2 is immobilized with the keys which also ensure its centering. The sealing member ring sectors are introduced into an inner ring sector and are slid one after the other into the groove 22 until they are brought into a defined position. By this arrangement, we lock the assembly.
  • This structure has the disadvantage of being able to deform on the action of axial aerodynamic forces exerted by the upstream gases. It follows phenomena of instability that are difficult to control.
  • the gas turbine engine comprising at least one compressor stage with an internal ring under variable-pitch stator vanes comprising axial keys for centering said inner ring with respect to said stator vanes on the one hand, and at least one sealing member support mounted on the inner ring on the other hand, is characterized in that the said keys comprise a transverse groove cooperating with a radial rib formed transversely to the axis of the motor on the surface peripheral of the sealing member support.
  • the rib also cooperates with a radial groove formed in the ring perpendicular to the axis of the motor. More specifically, said groove intersects with the housing of the keys in the ring.
  • the rib is integral with a cylindrical portion of said support
  • the sealing member support also comprises tongue and groove connection means with the inner ring.
  • the tongue is axial and arranged on the support and the groove is axially open, and arranged on the inner ring.
  • the tongue is axial and arranged on the inner ring, and the groove is axially open and arranged on the support, the sealing member being offset downstream cantilevered relative to the ring.
  • the tongue is axial and arranged on the support, and the groove with axial opening provided on the ring, the sealing member being offset downstream cantilever with respect to the ring.
  • the groove with radial opening and the connecting means are arranged on either side of the pivots of the stator vanes.
  • the groove with radial opening and the connecting means are arranged on the same side with respect to the pivots.
  • FIG. 4 there is shown a portion of a turbomachine section in a plane passing through the axis of the engine.
  • This is a compressor.
  • a stage formed of fixed stator stators or vanes 10 is arranged between two mobile stages, 20 and 30, vanes 21, 31 respectively mounted at the periphery of a rotor disk 22, 32.
  • the flow rectifier stage 10 is composed of stator vanes 11 suspended from an outer casing ring, not visible in the figure. These blades 11 are fixed but their angular setting is adjustable according to the different engine speeds.
  • the blades 11 are extended at their inner end by a pivot 12 and are each housed in a sleeve 13. The latter is fixed in a radial housing formed in an inner ring 15.
  • the blade can pivot about the pivot axis thanks to the pad 14 which is interposed between the pivot 12 and the fixed sleeve 13.
  • the ring 15 extends over the entire circumference insofar as the block of rectifiers is annular. Although it may consist of one piece, it usually consists of sectors, at least two.
  • the ring is held relative to the blades 11 by keys 16 as in the solution of the prior art.
  • the keys are arranged in pairs on either side of a pivot each in a housing which passes axially through the ring and the sleeve 13. These keys 16 ensure a centering of the ring relative to the blades. It is not necessary to provide all the blades.
  • These keys have a cylindrical shaft which is inserted into an axial housing of the ring 15.
  • the key here comprises a head 16A but may not have.
  • the sealing means is of labyrinth type.
  • Annular blades forming wipers, here two, 33 and 34, are integral with the rotor and their free edge is at a predetermined distance from a sealing member 51 with which they cooperate to limit fluid leakage through these spaces in regime permanent.
  • the sealing member is "abradable" in that it deforms or wears when one or other of the blades comes into contact with it.
  • the sealing means are in themselves well known.
  • the sealing member 51 is fixed in a support 50 which is itself mounted on the ring 15.
  • the support comprises an annular element 52 on which is fixed the sealing member 51.
  • the element 52 is mounted on the ring 15 being cantilevered. It is retained by a tongue and groove type connection means.
  • the tongue 54 is integral with the element 50. It is of annular shape, parallel to the element 52 and fixed by a vertical branch 55 to the latter along the upstream edge.
  • the tongue 54 cooperates with a groove 17, integral with the ring 15 in its downstream part, whose opening is turned axially upstream.
  • a rib 53, radial and also integral with the element 50, is housed in a groove 18 with a radial opening in the ring 15.
  • the rib 53 is in this embodiment substantially in the extension of the vertical leg 55. groove 18 extends across the housing of the key.
  • the rib 53 cooperates with a transverse notch 16B formed in the key 16.
  • the element 50 is, by this assembly, cantilevered; the sealing member 51 is offset downstream relative to the ring.
  • the connecting means consists of an annular and axial tongue 17 ', formed on the ring in its downstream part.
  • the groove 54 ' is formed on the annular portion 52' of the element 50 '. Its opening is oriented upstream.
  • the radial rib 53 ' cooperating with a groove 18' formed in the ring and forming an intersection with the keyways 16 ', is disposed along the upstream edge of the annular portion 52'.
  • the keys include a notch 16'B.
  • This arrangement allows, if desired, to use, as shown in this figure, a key 16 'without a head portion.
  • the element 150 supporting a sealing member 151 is mounted under the inner ring 115.
  • the cylindrical element 152 of the support 150 comprises a radial rib 153 perpendicular to the axis of the motor, and cooperating with a groove 118 arranged in the ring 115 whose opening is radial.
  • This rib 153 is also engaged in a notch 16B of the key 16 which may be identical to the keys of the previous embodiments.
  • connection means of the support member 150 with the inner stator ring 115 consists of a downstream groove 117 formed in the ring 115.
  • the opening of the groove 117 is axial and facing upstream. It cooperates with a tab 154 formed by an extension downstream of the cylindrical member 152 on which is fixed the sealing member.
  • the figure 8 shows an alternative embodiment of a mounting under the inner ring.
  • the groove 117 ' is formed on the ring 115' on the upstream side its opening is axial and facing downstream.
  • the tab 154 ' is formed of an axial extension upstream of the cylindrical member 152'. It is observed that the radial rib 153 'is integral with the cylindrical portion 152', near the downstream edge of the support member 150 '.
  • the rib 153 ' cooperates with a groove 118' formed in the inner ring 115 'and through the housing keys 16 provided with the notch 16B.
  • Both embodiments according to the figures 7 and 8 are to be compared with the assembly of the prior art under the inner ring as shown in FIG. figure 6 .
  • the amount of material is lower while ensuring effective stalling and simplified assembly.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Description

La présente invention concerne le domaine des turbomachines, telles que des moteurs à turbine à gaz. Elle porte notamment sur un moyen de fixation d'un support d'un organe d'étanchéité à un bloc d'aubages fixes.The present invention relates to the field of turbomachines, such as gas turbine engines. It relates in particular to a means for fixing a support of a sealing member to a fixed blade block.

Un moteur à turbine à gaz comprend un compresseur à un ou plusieurs étages alimentant une chambre de combustion dont les gaz chauds qui en sont issus entraînent un ou plusieurs rotors de turbine. Ces derniers sont connectés aux rotors de compresseur pour les entraîner.A gas turbine engine comprises a one or multi-stage compressor supplying a combustion chamber, the hot gases resulting therefrom driving one or more turbine rotors. These are connected to the compressor rotors to drive them.

En particulier un compresseur est composé de plusieurs étages, chacun comprenant une roue mobile aubagée et des aubes de stator formant des redresseurs. La roue aubagée mobile accélère le flux d'air tangentiellement et le comprime, tandis que le redresseur redresse le flux issu de la roue mobile de manière que l'écoulement en sortie de l'étage fixe soit dans l'axe du moteur. Dans la section à haute pression, les étages amont de redresseur sont en général à calage variable. Ils sont montés sur pivots pour qu'ils puissent être calés angulairement par rapport à l'axe moteur. Un étage de redresseurs est plus précisément constitué, dans le cadre de la présente invention, d'une pluralité d'aubes de stator indépendantes, fixées par une extrémité au carter du compresseur, et qui sont prolongées à l'autre extrémité par un pivot inférieur. Les pivots sont reliés entre eux par un anneau interne qui délimite la paroi interne de la veine de gaz.In particular, a compressor is composed of several stages, each comprising a bladed impeller and stator vanes forming rectifiers. The moving bladed wheel accelerates the air flow tangentially and compresses it, while the rectifier straighten the flow coming from the moving wheel so that the outlet flow of the fixed stage is in the axis of the motor. In the high pressure section, the upstream stages of the rectifier are generally variable pitch. They are mounted on pivots so that they can be wedged angularly with respect to the motor axis. In the context of the present invention, a rectifier stage is more precisely constituted of a plurality of independent stator vanes, fixed at one end to the compressor casing, and which are extended at the other end by a lower pivot. . The pivots are interconnected by an inner ring which delimits the inner wall of the gas stream.

L'anneau interne peut être circonférentiel en une seule pièce ou de préférence composé d'une pluralité de secteurs, au moins deux en demi cercles. L'anneau interne de stator supporte des organes d'étanchéité coopérant avec des organes d'étanchéité complémentaires sur le rotor qui s'opposent au reflux de gaz vers l'amont. On voit sur les figures 1 et 2 un montage de l'art antérieur. Un pivot d'aube de stator 2 est retenu par une douille 3 dans un logement de l'anneau 4 ou du secteur d'anneau. L'aube de stator n'est pas représentée dans son intégralité. Elle s'étend radialement vers l'extérieur à travers la veine et est fixée au carter externe.The inner ring may be circumferential in one piece or preferably composed of a plurality of sectors, at least two in half circles. The inner stator ring supports sealing members cooperating with complementary sealing members on the rotor which oppose the gas reflux upstream. We see on Figures 1 and 2 an assembly of the prior art. A stator vane pivot 2 is retained by a sleeve 3 in a housing of the ring 4 or the ring sector. The stator dawn is not represented in its entirety. It extends radially outwardly through the vein and is attached to the outer casing.

L'anneau 2 est maintenu solidaire des aubes 2 au moyen d'un nombre déterminé de clavettes 5 disposées sur le pourtour de l'anneau interne de stator. Les clavettes sont disposées de part et d'autre du pivot 21 d'une aube comme on le voit sur la figure 2, à travers la douille 3. La douille 3 est sertie sur l'aube de manière à bloquer tout mouvement de séparation de l'un par rapport à l'autre. Les pivots 21 avec leur coussinet sont libres en rotation et axialement limités par le jeu entre les clavettes et les gorges de passage pour ces clavettes dans les coussinets, par rapport à l'anneau interne. Les clavettes, réparties le long de l'anneau, assurent ensemble le centrage de l'anneau interne par rapport aux aubes de stator. Les aubes sont elles mêmes retenues par leur autre extrémité, non représentée, à la structure du moteur.The ring 2 is held integral with the blades 2 by means of a determined number of keys 5 disposed on the periphery of the inner stator ring. The keys are arranged on either side of the pivot 21 of a blade as seen on the figure 2 , through the bushing 3. The bushing 3 is crimped on the dawn so as to block any movement of separation from one to the other. The pivots 21 with their pad are free in rotation and axially limited by the play between the keys and the grooves for these keys in the pads, relative to the inner ring. The keys, distributed along the ring, together ensure the centering of the inner ring relative to the stator vanes. The vanes are themselves retained by their other end, not shown, to the structure of the engine.

Selon cet exemple de l'art antérieur décrit dans le document FR 2 874 977 , l'anneau interne 2 supporte un porte organe 6 d'étanchéité. Cet organe d'étanchéité, tel qu'un matériau d'usure en forme de nid d'abeille, par exemple, coopère avec un organe complémentaire sur le rotor. Ici, il comprend une partie cylindrique 61 avec, à l'amont par rapport au sens d'écoulement des gaz, une lame à section en équerre 62 dont la portion axiale est logée dans une rainure circonférentielle à ouverture axiale, pratiquée dans la face amont de l'anneau 2. La partie cylindrique s'appuie contre la face radialement interne de l'anneau 2. L'élément cylindrique 62 est bloqué en direction axiale par une nervure radiale 62'. Celle-ci prend appui contre la paroi de l'anneau 2 tournée vers l'aval. Un voile 63, de forme sensiblement tronconique, plonge à l'aval vers l'axe du rotor. Il comporte un logement annulaire 65 pour l'organe d'étanchéité qui n'a pas été illustré. Un capotage 66 vertical relie à l'amont le logement 65 à une rainure à ouverture axiale tournée vers l'aval ménagée dans l'anneau 2.According to this example of the prior art described in the document FR 2,874,977 , the inner ring 2 supports a door member 6 sealing. This sealing member, such as a wear material in the form of a honeycomb, for example, cooperates with a complementary member on the rotor. Here, it comprises a cylindrical portion 61 with, upstream with respect to the direction of flow of the gases, an angled section blade 62 whose axial portion is housed in a circumferential groove with axial opening, made in the upstream face. of the ring 2. The cylindrical portion rests against the radially inner face of the ring 2. The cylindrical member 62 is blocked in the axial direction by a radial rib 62 '. It bears against the wall of the ring 2 facing downstream. A sail 63, of substantially frustoconical shape, plunges downstream towards the axis of the rotor. It comprises an annular housing 65 for the sealing member which has not been illustrated. A vertical cowling 66 connects upstream the housing 65 to a groove with a downstream axial opening formed in the ring 2.

Afin d'éviter qu'elles ne tournent sur elles-mêmes et n'entraînent des problèmes de corrosion par frottement de l'anneau, les clavettes comprennent une tête 51 de calage axial. Ces têtes comportent un méplat 53 dans lequel vient se loger le bord supérieur de l'élément 62'. L'immobilisation, comme représentée, en direction axiale est ainsi obtenue par la nervure radiale 62'. Un mode de montage comprend les phases successives suivantes. On met en place les aubes de stator. Elles sont maintenues par leur extrémité supérieure. On met en place l'anneau interne ou les secteurs d'anneau interne en engageant les pivots dans les logements 42. On immobilise l'anneau 2 avec les clavettes qui en assurent aussi le centrage. On introduit dans un secteur d'anneau interne aménagé, les secteurs d'anneau porte organe d'étanchéité, et on les glisse l'un après l'autre, dans la rainure 22 jusqu'à les amener dans une position définie. Par cette disposition, on verrouille l'ensemble.To prevent them from rotating on themselves and causing corrosion problems by friction of the ring, the keys comprise a head 51 of axial wedging. These heads comprise a flat portion 53 in which is housed the upper edge of the element 62 '. The immobilization, as shown, in the axial direction is thus obtained by the radial rib 62 '. A mounting mode comprises the following successive phases. We put in place the stator vanes. They are held by their upper end. The inner ring or the inner ring sectors are put in place by engaging the pivots in the housings 42. The ring 2 is immobilized with the keys which also ensure its centering. The sealing member ring sectors are introduced into an inner ring sector and are slid one after the other into the groove 22 until they are brought into a defined position. By this arrangement, we lock the assembly.

Cette structure présente l'inconvénient de pouvoir se déformer sur l'action des forces aérodynamiques axiales exercées par les gaz amont. Il s'ensuit des phénomènes d'instabilité qu'il est difficile de maîtriser.This structure has the disadvantage of being able to deform on the action of axial aerodynamic forces exerted by the upstream gases. It follows phenomena of instability that are difficult to control.

En outre dans un souci constant d'améliorer les performances du moteur, on souhaite, dans le domaine aéronautique, réduire le poids des pièces autant que possible.In addition, in a constant effort to improve the performance of the engine, it is desired in the aeronautical field to reduce the weight of the parts as much as possible.

L'invention parvient à ces objectifs. Conformément à l'invention le moteur à turbine à gaz comprenant au moins un étage de compresseur avec un anneau interne sous aubes de stator à calage variable comportant des clavettes axiales de centrage dudit anneau interne par rapport auxdites aubes de stator d'une part, et au moins un support d'organe d'étanchéité monté sur l'anneau interne d'autre part, est caractérisé par le fait que les dites clavettes comportent une gorge transversale coopérant avec une nervure radiale ménagée transversalement à l'axe du moteur sur la surface périphérique du support d'organe d'étanchéité.The invention achieves these objectives. According to the invention, the gas turbine engine comprising at least one compressor stage with an internal ring under variable-pitch stator vanes comprising axial keys for centering said inner ring with respect to said stator vanes on the one hand, and at least one sealing member support mounted on the inner ring on the other hand, is characterized in that the said keys comprise a transverse groove cooperating with a radial rib formed transversely to the axis of the motor on the surface peripheral of the sealing member support.

Cette solution permet en particulier de réduire de manière sensible le poids de l'ensemble d'étanchéité.This solution makes it possible in particular to significantly reduce the weight of the sealing assembly.

De préférence, la nervure coopère également avec une rainure radiale ménagée dans l'anneau perpendiculairement à l'axe du moteur. Plus précisément, ladite rainure forme une intersection avec le logement des clavettes dans l'anneau. Selon un mode de réalisation particulier, la nervure est solidaire d'une portion cylindrique dudit supportPreferably, the rib also cooperates with a radial groove formed in the ring perpendicular to the axis of the motor. More specifically, said groove intersects with the housing of the keys in the ring. According to a particular embodiment, the rib is integral with a cylindrical portion of said support

Afin d'assurer un montage stable, le support d'organe d'étanchéité comporte également un moyen de liaison à rainure et languette avec l'anneau interne.In order to ensure a stable mounting, the sealing member support also comprises tongue and groove connection means with the inner ring.

Ce moyen de liaison permet des montages différents :This connection means allows different assemblies:

La languette est axiale et ménagée sur le support et la rainure est à ouverture axiale, et ménagée sur l'anneau interne.The tongue is axial and arranged on the support and the groove is axially open, and arranged on the inner ring.

La languette est axiale et ménagée sur l'anneau interne, et la rainure est à ouverture axiale et ménagée sur le support, l'organe d'étanchéité étant déporté vers l'aval en porte à faux par rapport à l'anneau.The tongue is axial and arranged on the inner ring, and the groove is axially open and arranged on the support, the sealing member being offset downstream cantilevered relative to the ring.

La languette est axiale et ménagée sur le support, et la rainure à ouverture axiale ménagée sur l'anneau, l'organe d'étanchéité étant déporté vers l'aval en porte à faux par rapport à l'anneau.The tongue is axial and arranged on the support, and the groove with axial opening provided on the ring, the sealing member being offset downstream cantilever with respect to the ring.

La rainure à ouverture radiale et le moyen de liaison sont disposés de part et d'autre des pivots des aubes de stator.The groove with radial opening and the connecting means are arranged on either side of the pivots of the stator vanes.

La rainure à ouverture radiale et le moyen de liaison sont disposés d'un même côté par rapport aux pivots.The groove with radial opening and the connecting means are arranged on the same side with respect to the pivots.

On décrit maintenant l'invention plus en détail selon différents modes de réalisation en référence aux dessins annexés sur lesquels :

  • la figure 1 représente en coupe selon un plan passant par l'axe du moteur, une vue partielle d'un étage de redresseur de l'art antérieur,
  • la figure 2 montre le redresseur de la figure 1 selon un plan de coupe BB perpendiculaire au pivot de calage de l'aube de stator,
  • la figure 3 représente, en coupe selon un plan passant par l'axe du moteur, une vue partielle d'un deuxième étage de redresseurs de l'art antérieur,
  • la figure 4 montre un montage conforme à l'invention d'une disposition de support de l'organe d'étanchéité selon la figure 3,
  • la figure 5 montre un montage conforme à l'invention selon une variante de la figure 4,
  • la figure 6 représente, en coupe selon un plan passant par l'axe du moteur, une vue partielle d'un troisième étage de redresseurs de l'art antérieur,
  • la figure 7 montre un montage conforme à l'invention d'une disposition de support de l'organe d'étanchéité selon la figure 6,
  • la figure 8 montre un montage conforme à l'invention selon une variante de la figure 7.
The invention will now be described in more detail in various embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
  • the figure 1 represents in section along a plane passing through the axis of the motor, a partial view of a prior art rectifier stage,
  • the figure 2 shows the rectifier of the figure 1 according to a sectional plane BB perpendicular to the kingpin of the stator vane,
  • the figure 3 represents, in section along a plane passing through the axis of the engine, a partial view of a second stage of rectifiers of the prior art,
  • the figure 4 shows a mounting according to the invention a support arrangement of the sealing member according to the figure 3 ,
  • the figure 5 shows a mounting according to the invention according to a variant of the figure 4 ,
  • the figure 6 represents, in section along a plane passing through the axis of the engine, a partial view of a third stage of rectifiers of the prior art,
  • the figure 7 shows a mounting according to the invention a support arrangement of the sealing member according to the figure 6 ,
  • the figure 8 shows a mounting according to the invention according to a variant of the figure 7 .

Selon le mode de réalisation de la figure 4, on voit représenté une partie d'une turbomachine en coupe dans un plan passant par l'axe du moteur. Il s'agit ici d'un compresseur. Un étage formé de redresseurs ou aubes fixes de stator 10 est disposé entre deux étages mobiles, 20 et 30, d'aubes 21, 31 montées respectivement à la périphérie d'un disque de rotor 22, 32.According to the embodiment of the figure 4 , there is shown a portion of a turbomachine section in a plane passing through the axis of the engine. This is a compressor. A stage formed of fixed stator stators or vanes 10 is arranged between two mobile stages, 20 and 30, vanes 21, 31 respectively mounted at the periphery of a rotor disk 22, 32.

L'étage redresseur 10 de flux est composé d'aubes de stator 11 suspendues à un anneau de carter extérieur, non visible sur la figure. Ces aubes 11 sont fixes mais leur calage angulaire est réglable en fonction des différents régimes du moteur. Les aubes 11 sont prolongées à leur extrémité interne par un pivot 12 et sont logées chacune dans une douille 13. Celle-ci est fixée dans un logement radial ménagé dans un anneau interne 15. L'aube peut pivoter autour de l'axe de pivot grâce au coussinet 14 qui est interposé entre le pivot 12 et la douille fixe 13. L'anneau 15 s'étend sur toute la circonférence dans la mesure où le bloc de redresseurs est annulaire. Bien qu'il puisse être constitué d'une seule pièce, il est généralement constitués de secteurs, au moins deux. L'anneau est maintenu par rapport aux aubes 11 par des clavettes 16 comme dans la solution de l'art antérieur. Les clavettes sont disposées par paires de part et d'autres d'un pivot chacune dans un logement qui traverse l'anneau axialement ainsi que la douille 13. Ces clavettes 16 assurent un centrage de l'anneau par rapport aux aubes. Il n'est pas nécessaire d'en prévoir sur toutes les aubes. Ces clavettes ont un fût cylindrique qui vient s'insérer dans un logement axial de l'anneau 15. La clavette comprend ici une tête 16A mais peut ne pas en avoir.The flow rectifier stage 10 is composed of stator vanes 11 suspended from an outer casing ring, not visible in the figure. These blades 11 are fixed but their angular setting is adjustable according to the different engine speeds. The blades 11 are extended at their inner end by a pivot 12 and are each housed in a sleeve 13. The latter is fixed in a radial housing formed in an inner ring 15. The blade can pivot about the pivot axis thanks to the pad 14 which is interposed between the pivot 12 and the fixed sleeve 13. The ring 15 extends over the entire circumference insofar as the block of rectifiers is annular. Although it may consist of one piece, it usually consists of sectors, at least two. The ring is held relative to the blades 11 by keys 16 as in the solution of the prior art. The keys are arranged in pairs on either side of a pivot each in a housing which passes axially through the ring and the sleeve 13. These keys 16 ensure a centering of the ring relative to the blades. It is not necessary to provide all the blades. These keys have a cylindrical shaft which is inserted into an axial housing of the ring 15. The key here comprises a head 16A but may not have.

Des jeux ménagés entre les étages de rotor et de stator permettent une rotation sans frottement. Pour éviter que le fluide comprimé par les aubes 11 ne circule vers l'amont, on dispose un moyen d'étanchéité entre le stator et le rotor. Selon le mode de réalisation représenté le moyen d'étanchéité est de type à labyrinthe. Des lames annulaires formant des léchettes, ici deux, 33 et 34, sont solidaires du rotor et leur bord libre est à distance prédéterminée d'un organe d'étanchéité 51 avec lequel ils coopèrent pour limiter les fuites de fluide à travers ces espaces en régime permanent. L'organe d'étanchéité est 'abradable' en ce sens qu'il se déforme ou s'use lorsque l'une ou l'autre des lames vient à son contact. Les moyens d'étanchéité sont en soi bien connus.Games between the rotor and stator stages allow rotation without friction. To prevent the fluid compressed by the blades 11 from circulating upstream, there is a sealing means between the stator and the rotor. According to the embodiment shown, the sealing means is of labyrinth type. Annular blades forming wipers, here two, 33 and 34, are integral with the rotor and their free edge is at a predetermined distance from a sealing member 51 with which they cooperate to limit fluid leakage through these spaces in regime permanent. The sealing member is "abradable" in that it deforms or wears when one or other of the blades comes into contact with it. The sealing means are in themselves well known.

L'organe d'étanchéité 51 est fixé dans un support 50 qui est lui-même monté sur l'anneau 15. Le support comprend un élément annulaire 52 sur lequel est fixé l'organe d'étanchéité 51. L'élément 52 est monté sur l'anneau 15 en étant en porte à faux. Il est retenu par un moyen de liaison de type languette et rainure. Selon le mode de réalisation de la figure 4, la languette 54 est solidaire de l'élément 50. Elle est de forme annulaire, parallèle à l'élément 52 et fixée par une branche verticale 55 à ce dernier le long du bord amont. La languette 54 coopère avec une rainure 17, solidaire de l'anneau 15 dans sa partie aval, dont l'ouverture est tournée axialement vers l'amont. Une nervure 53, radiale et également solidaire de l'élément 50, est logée dans une rainure 18 à ouverture radiale ménagée dans l'anneau 15. La nervure 53 est dans ce mode de réalisation sensiblement dans le prolongement de la branche verticale 55. La rainure 18 s'étend en travers du logement de la clavette. La nervure 53 coopère avec une encoche 16B transversale ménagée dans la clavette 16.The sealing member 51 is fixed in a support 50 which is itself mounted on the ring 15. The support comprises an annular element 52 on which is fixed the sealing member 51. The element 52 is mounted on the ring 15 being cantilevered. It is retained by a tongue and groove type connection means. According to the embodiment of the figure 4 , the tongue 54 is integral with the element 50. It is of annular shape, parallel to the element 52 and fixed by a vertical branch 55 to the latter along the upstream edge. The tongue 54 cooperates with a groove 17, integral with the ring 15 in its downstream part, whose opening is turned axially upstream. A rib 53, radial and also integral with the element 50, is housed in a groove 18 with a radial opening in the ring 15. The rib 53 is in this embodiment substantially in the extension of the vertical leg 55. groove 18 extends across the housing of the key. The rib 53 cooperates with a transverse notch 16B formed in the key 16.

L'élément 50 est, par ce montage, en porte à faux ; l'organe d'étanchéité 51 est déporté vers l'aval par rapport à l'anneau.The element 50 is, by this assembly, cantilevered; the sealing member 51 is offset downstream relative to the ring.

Sur la figure 5, on a représenté une variante de la solution précédente portant sur le moyen de liaison à languette et rainure entre l'élément 50' porte organe d'étanchéité et l'anneau interne de stator 15'. Le moyen de liaison est constitué d'une languette 17' annulaire et axiale, ménagée sur l'anneau dans sa partie aval. La rainure 54' est ménagée sur la partie annulaire 52' de l'élément 50'. Son ouverture est orientée vers l'amont. La nervure radiale 53', coopérant avec une rainure 18' ménagée dans l'anneau et formant une intersection avec les logements de clavettes 16', est disposée le long du bord amont de la portion annulaire 52'. Les clavettes comprennent une encoche 16'B.On the figure 5 , there is shown a variant of the previous solution on the tongue and groove connection means between the element 50 'sealing member door and the inner stator ring 15'. The connecting means consists of an annular and axial tongue 17 ', formed on the ring in its downstream part. The groove 54 'is formed on the annular portion 52' of the element 50 '. Its opening is oriented upstream. The radial rib 53 ', cooperating with a groove 18' formed in the ring and forming an intersection with the keyways 16 ', is disposed along the upstream edge of the annular portion 52'. The keys include a notch 16'B.

Cette disposition permet, si on le souhaite, d'utiliser, comme représenté sur cette figure, une clavette 16' sans portion de tête.This arrangement allows, if desired, to use, as shown in this figure, a key 16 'without a head portion.

Par rapport à un montage en porte à faux de l'art antérieur représenté sur la figure 3, on observe que la quantité de matière est moindre. L'immobilisation de la clavette est assurée par une simple nervure radiale contrairement à la solution avec équerre de l'art antérieur. Les moyens de liaison sont aussi plus compacts. On observe également que le montage de l'invention évite tout risque de détachement résultant d'une pression exercée en direction axiale alors que celui représenté à la figure 3 présente le risque de voir s'écarter les branches constituant la pince par laquelle le support est maintenu sur l'anneauCompared to a cantilevered assembly of the prior art shown in the figure 3 it is observed that the quantity of material is less. Immobilization of the key is provided by a single radial rib unlike the solution with square of the prior art. The connecting means are also more compact. It is also observed that the assembly of the invention avoids any risk of detachment resulting from a pressure exerted in the axial direction while that represented in FIG. figure 3 presents the risk of seeing the branches constituting the clamp by which the support is held on the ring

Selon le mode de réalisation de l'invention de la figure 7, l'élément 150 support d'un organe d'étanchéité 151 est monté sous l'anneau interne 115. L'élément cylindrique 152 du support 150 comprend une nervure radiale 153 perpendiculaire à l'axe du moteur, et coopérant avec une rainure 118 ménagée dans l'anneau 115 dont l'ouverture est radiale. Cette nervure 153 est engagée aussi dans une encoche 16B de la clavette 16 qui peut être identique aux clavettes des modes de réalisation précédents.According to the embodiment of the invention of the figure 7 , the element 150 supporting a sealing member 151 is mounted under the inner ring 115. The cylindrical element 152 of the support 150 comprises a radial rib 153 perpendicular to the axis of the motor, and cooperating with a groove 118 arranged in the ring 115 whose opening is radial. This rib 153 is also engaged in a notch 16B of the key 16 which may be identical to the keys of the previous embodiments.

Le moyen de liaison de l'élément support 150 avec l'anneau interne de stator 115 est constitué d'une rainure aval 117 ménagée dans l'anneau 115. L'ouverture de la rainure 117 est axiale et tournée vers l'amont. Elle coopère avec une languette 154 formée par un prolongement vers l'aval de l'élément cylindrique 152 sur lequel est fixé l'organe d'étanchéité.The connection means of the support member 150 with the inner stator ring 115 consists of a downstream groove 117 formed in the ring 115. The opening of the groove 117 is axial and facing upstream. It cooperates with a tab 154 formed by an extension downstream of the cylindrical member 152 on which is fixed the sealing member.

La figure 8 montre une variante de réalisation d'un montage sous l'anneau interne. Dans cet exemple, la rainure 117' est ménagée sur l'anneau 115' du côté en amont son ouverture est axiale et tournée vers l'aval. La languette 154' est formée d'un prolongement axial vers l'amont de l'élément cylindrique 152'. On observe que la nervure radiale 153' est solidaire de la portion cylindrique 152', à proximité du bord aval de l'élément support 150'. La nervure 153' coopère avec une rainure 118' ménagée
dans l'anneau interne 115' et traversant le logement des clavettes 16 pourvues de l'encoche 16B.The figure 8 shows an alternative embodiment of a mounting under the inner ring. In this example, the groove 117 'is formed on the ring 115' on the upstream side its opening is axial and facing downstream. The tab 154 'is formed of an axial extension upstream of the cylindrical member 152'. It is observed that the radial rib 153 'is integral with the cylindrical portion 152', near the downstream edge of the support member 150 '. The rib 153 'cooperates with a groove 118' formed
in the inner ring 115 'and through the housing keys 16 provided with the notch 16B.

Les deux modes de réalisation selon les figures 7 et 8 sont à comparer avec le montage de l'art antérieur sous l'anneau interne tel que représenté sur la figure 6. La quantité de matière est plus faible tout en assurant un calage efficace et un montage simplifié.Both embodiments according to the figures 7 and 8 are to be compared with the assembly of the prior art under the inner ring as shown in FIG. figure 6 . The amount of material is lower while ensuring effective stalling and simplified assembly.

Claims (10)

  1. Gas turbine engine comprising at least one compressor stage with an inner ring (15, 15', 115, 115') under variable (11) angle stator vanes comprising axial keys (16, 16') for centring said inner ring with respect to said stator vanes, and comprising at least one sealing member support mounted on the inner ring, characterized by the fact that the said keys (16, 16') comprise a transverse groove (16B, 16'B) cooperating with a radial rib (53, 53', 153, 153') arranged crosswise to the engine axis on the periphery of the support (50, 50', 150, 150') of the sealing member (51, 151).
  2. Engine as in claim 1 whose radial rib (53, 53', 153, 153') also cooperates with a groove having a radial opening (18, 18', 118, 118') arranged in the inner ring (15, 15', 115, 115') perpendicular to the engine axis.
  3. Engine as in claim 2, whose said groove with radial opening (18, 18', 118, 118') forms an intersection with the housing for keys (16, 16') in the inner ring (15, 15', 115, 115').
  4. Engine as in one of the claims 1 to 3, whose radial rib (53, 53', 153, 153') is joined to a cylindrical portion of said support.
  5. Engine as in one of the claims 1 to 4, in which the support (50, 50', 150, 150') of the sealing member also comprises tongue and groove connection means with the inner ring.
  6. Engine as in claim 5 whose tongue (54, 154, 154') is axial and arranged on the support (50, 150, 150') and said groove (18, 118, 118') has an axial opening and is arranged on the inner ring (15, 115, 115').
  7. Engine as in claim 5 whose tongue (54) is axial and arranged on the support (50), and said groove (17) has an axial opening and is arranged on the inner ring, the sealing member being offset overhanging the inner ring.
  8. Engine as in claim 5 whose tongue (17') is axial and arranged on the inner ring (15') and the groove (54') has an axial opening and is arranged on the support (50'), the sealing member being offset overhanging the ring.
  9. Engine as in claims 2 and 5, whose groove with radial opening (118') and the connection means (117', 154') are arranged either side of the pivots (12) of the stator vanes one upstream and the other downstream, the sealing member being arranged underneath the inner ring.
  10. Engine as in claims 2 and 5 whose groove with radial opening (118) and connection means (117, 154) are arranged on one same side with respect to the pivots, the sealing member lying underneath the inner ring (115).
EP05108311A 2004-09-10 2005-09-09 Coupling device with key elements for mounting a seal ring to the stator blades of a gas turbine Active EP1635039B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0452020A FR2875270B1 (en) 2004-09-10 2004-09-10 RETENTION OF CENTERING KEYS OF STATOR UNDER RINGS WITH VARIABLE SETTING OF A GAS TURBINE ENGINE

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1635039A1 EP1635039A1 (en) 2006-03-15
EP1635039B1 true EP1635039B1 (en) 2010-09-08

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EP05108311A Active EP1635039B1 (en) 2004-09-10 2005-09-09 Coupling device with key elements for mounting a seal ring to the stator blades of a gas turbine

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US (1) US7458771B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1635039B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2518355C (en)
DE (1) DE602005023395D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2875270B1 (en)

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US7458771B2 (en) 2008-12-02
US20060056963A1 (en) 2006-03-16
FR2875270B1 (en) 2006-12-01
CA2518355A1 (en) 2006-03-10
FR2875270A1 (en) 2006-03-17
EP1635039A1 (en) 2006-03-15
DE602005023395D1 (en) 2010-10-21
CA2518355C (en) 2013-03-12

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