EP1277552A1 - Method and devices for cutting and profiling trapezoidal segments for making beams - Google Patents

Abstract

The trapezoid strip shaping process produces strips for use in building up a beam (8). Starting from the round timber, the core regions is sawn into parallel pieces, The arc-shaped blanks are then divided into a number of triangular-section strips without core regions. They may be placed asymmetrically in the beam so that there is no common cut point.

Description

State of the art:

DE 28 49 757 A1 describes a method using triangle-like Slats for making boards from glued packages, of which the panels are sawn off parallel and also transversely to the longitudinal fiber direction. A solution for core area free slats and the quality assurance of the Slat lengths (error capping and finger jointing) are not shown; in particular, it is not shown how this is done in the case of wedges of different lengths formed starting pieces should be practiced, because with different Geometry of the cross-section ends is longitudinal finger jointing not possible anymore.

WO 89/04747 describes round timber radial cuts with repeated reference to the center of the round wood geometry and from that the corresponding single piece formations. This system is only at even round wooden sections with a precisely central, small core area healthy wood practicable.

DE 692 26 540 T2 describes a method for producing equiangular, equilateral triangles, being by integrating parallel A corresponding wooden parts / plates for the triangle tips on the inside Distance to the core area is achieved. With this procedure, any Parcel cross-sections formed for any slicing; for the production This method is not suitable for long bars.

DE 196 13 237 C2 describes the beginning of the procedures with the Forming the logs into an octagon, after which the rectangular ones To create triangular slats. A solution for creating a Octogons on oval and curved sections and for core area-free slats with optimal yield, as well as for sensible achievement of the bar heights, is not shown; and the proposed cuboid formation (without Finger jointing of the triangular lamellas) is only possible with round log sections of the same length and triangular slats of equal length without quality length caps possible. However, quality length cuts can be made when using heavy wood not be waived. Incidentally, the procedure has with right-angled triangular lamellae yield disadvantages compared to the isosceles Triangular sections.

DE 101 35 123 and DE 101 54 269 and DE 101 61 024, the DE 102 00 335 and DE 102 01 527.9 show solutions for qualities or for core area-free slats and variable beam heights, and it also does not avoid the avoidance of large perpendicular bisections Described slat widths in demand on the market. Solutions are also shown as with crooked / misshapen log shapes through asymmetrical Classifications more advantageous variety assignments and approximations to the same Radial and tangential structures are possible, and as with fiber parallelism Cross-sectional geometries arise, and which workpiece guides are advantageous for trimming / profiling.

Invention:

In the method according to the invention arises due to the core area-related Half timber production (2) no rejects due to "round timber irregularities in the minus range ", and there is no lack of yield "Round log formations in the plus range". The inside of the log cut of a log section (1) of different sizes Triangular slats (4) are each optimally shaped and are always free of core areas.

Because a lot of different from different log lengths long resulting triangular lamellas after trimming / drying / pre-planing finger-jointed to long strands (7) up to 14.00 or 16.00 m, are of course the same cross-sectional shapes for the slats within a strand necessary; however, this does not necessarily correspond to neighboring strand within a beam cross-section; and because most of them misshapen log geometries and the core areas that are always off-center always to different sized triangular slats (4) within of a log (1) or a log segment (2), the comes Introduction of the trapezoidal shape (6) is of particular importance.

It is included in the system according to the invention that the triangular lamella tips have a core area-free structure, and the cross-sectional angles are precisely laid out. Accordingly belongs to the invention System for the log division to achieve a clear reference surface first cutting out a core section-related parallel piece (3), and because with heavy wood from z. B.> 30 cm diameter the actual The core area is not just a few cm, the parallel piece thickness is good (3) far beyond what the industry calls core planks.

The parallel piece thickness (3) is also based on those to be generated from it Market products. The tree ring structures of the parallel pieces lead to excellent Lumber qualities, and result with the use of parallel pieces in the heavy wood sector compared to the exclusive triangular lamella production higher economic efficiency (the use of parallel pieces is but not part of the claims).

The system according to the invention involves cutting out a parallel piece to circular segment-shaped half-timber (2), the base areas of which are free of core areas are and all prerequisites for a tolerance-tight division Offer.

It is always assumed that the triangular blades (4) are free of core areas are, and this when cutting the log (1) by cutting out of centerpieces (3) is reached.

In the entire sawing industry, this dominates when it comes to cutting patterns "From inside to outside thinking" with parallelities to a central / central one Longitudinal axis. What is bulky and conical (woody) on the outside leads for incalculable uses; mostly to so-called side boards, not to main products; this is not a good method.

In the system according to the invention, the lamella formations are oriented and placements are no longer mandatory in the symmetry of a common one Intersection (11); and it is classified "from outside to inside".

The practice or the market essentially requires slats for seven different ones Beam widths (B), with approx. 75% of all beams on only 3 widths Respectively. With logs of z. B. 30 to 50 cm ø it is symmetrical triangular lamella placement in no way and not even the slat sizes for the beam center of gravity widths are approximately possible provide; Asymmetry is imperative - for a high yield offered.

The asymmetrical placements (10) according to the invention enable all log diameters - without loss of yield - within one Rundholzes a variety of long and short perpendicular lengths (13), and thus an adjustment to the beam widths actually required (B).

Building authority approval criteria and "Ü" markings do it required that the trapezoidal slats (6) after drying and before Linear finger jointing a quality assessment with appropriate length caps run through. One is created from the basic trapezoidal lamella lengths Large number of individual pieces of completely different lengths, which then finger-jointed for strand formation (7). Can within one strand therefore only slat pieces with the same cross-sectional profiles (14) can be used. This is "state of the art". trapezoidal fins (6) for trapezoidal lamellar beams (8) cannot be shaped like a longitudinal wedge and not layered in layers by longitudinal turns. To achieve advantageous parallelism (16), it is not possible to the trimming (15) raw, triangular-like slats the trimming line (15) along the outer surface of the tree (5).

In the system according to the invention for the production of fiber-parallel trapezoidal slats (16) in the first stage, the separating cuts (17) are parallel to the braid diameter and stick diameter outer surface level (5) set, and inside there are wedge-like remnants.

In the second stage, the segments (2) are oriented Aligned leg position (14) and matching outer surface level (5) divided into triangular-like raw lamellae (4); the breakdown can be symmetrical or asymmetrical.

In the third stage, trimming (15) takes place with an exact match the trapezoidal leg (14).

Because of the wide variety of wood shapes and irregularities in the core area the most diverse segment types (2) with each other deviating perpendicular bisectors (13), the workpiece or Segment guidance for the raw lamella division not in orientation at the tips or tree areas, but according to the invention by a Workpiece guide (18), the number of degrees of the total number of degrees of all single raw lamellae corresponds; and the workpiece guide (18) is - for settlement asymmetrical positions - laterally displaceable (19).

Because the trapezoidal slat beam (8) consists of individual trapezoidal slat strands (7) exists and the individual trapezoidal lamellae (6) of a strand no different May have cross-sectional shapes, the necessary geometric Assignment according to the invention solved in that the raw slats (4) are fixed under trimming (20) before trimming (15), and consequently the trimming (15) for the grid widths (B) of the same size Leg geometries (14) generated within a trapezoidal lamella (6).

The drawing notes show in detail:

Fig. 1

shows a log cross-section with an orientation at the center symmetrical division; this type is used in the invention Methods not practiced.

Fig. 2

shows logs (1) and the cutting out of one at the core area orienting middle piece (3) and the resulting half-timber (2) and further segments (2) which form triangular lamellae (4) and depending on the shapes of the round wooden jacket surfaces (5) lead to trapezoidal slats (6).

Fig. 3

shows in a graphical representation how the trapezoidal blades (6) Finger joints the trapezoidal lamella strands (7) and the trapezoidal lamella beam (8) form.

Fig. 4

shows a log cross-section with asymmetrical placement (10) with different sized (9) triangular lamellae (4) without a common intersection (11).

Fig. 5

shows how segments (2) by workpiece guides (18), which are at adjust asymmetrical positions (10) laterally (19).

Fig. 6

shows how the triangular slats or triangular-like raw slats (4) are fixed in front of the trimming (15) to achieve the same trapezoidal leg ratios (14) on the long side under a degree guide (20) in order to then place the trimming line (15) near the round wooden surface (5) that the largest possible parallel side (12) is created, from which the trimming geometry (15) and the perpendicular bisector (13) and ultimately the trapezoidal lamella width (B) result.
The measurement lines indicated in the middle view do not belong to the systems according to the invention.

Fig. 7

shows the sequence of "normal" parallel structures.

Fig. 8

shows the sequence that leads to the advantageous "fiber-parallel" structure (16). With this method, all separating cuts (17) and other subdivisions are aligned with round wood shell surface geometries (5) which are congruent.
The "wedge", which arises normally "outside" due to normal round wood conicity, is moved "inside" in the case of fiber-parallel structures.

Fig. 9

shows the overlaps of the tree surface areas (5) and the resulting resulting parallelism of fibers (16).

List of the reference symbols used:

1

logs

2

Log segments /
half woods

3

centerpieces

4

triangular sections

5

Roundwood lateral surface

6

trapezoidal fins

7

Trapezoidal fins strands

8th

KEYSTONE FINS BAR

B

Trapezoidal slat bar width

9

triangular slats of different sizes
within a log

10

asymmetrical placement

11

intersection
the triangle leg

12

parallel sides
of the trapezoidal slats

13

Perpendicular bisector
of the trapezoidal slats

14

trapezoidal leg

15

Besäumlinien
(Parallel sides of the trapezoidal slats)

16

FIBER PARALLEL structures

17

Separation cuts on the log

18

Work guide

19

laterally adjustable

20

Number of degrees leadership

Claims (8)

Process for producing a wooden beam / trapezoidal slat beam (8) with triangular slats (4) cut out of round timbers (1) and round wood segments (2) and their formation into trapezoidal slats (6) and the formation of trapezoidal slat strands (7) by finger jointing, characterized in that in the case of round timbers (1), the sawing out of core-area-related parallel pieces / centerpieces (3) takes place first, and the resulting circular segment-shaped half timbers (2) or other segments (2) are divided into a plurality of triangular slats (4), and the triangular slats (4) are free of core areas. Method according to 1., characterized in that the isosceles triangular lamellae (4) or triangle-like lamellae (4) are placed asymmetrically (10) and do not have a common intersection (11). Method and forms according to 1. and 2., characterized in that the large parallel side (12) is always placed in the immediate vicinity of the round wood surface (5), and from there the trapezoidal lamella center perpendicular (13) to the beam width (B) is applied. Method and forms according to 1. to 3., characterized in that trapezoidal lamellae (6) with different perpendicular perpendicular lengths (13) are placed within a wooden segment (2/9). Method and forms according to 2. to 4., characterized in that the trimming lines (15) for producing the trapezoidal lamella (6) are based on a matching leg position (14). Method and devices for the formations according to 2nd to 5th, characterized in that the raw lamellae (4) are fixed under trimming (20) before trimming (15), and the trimming / profiling (15) of the same size / symmetrical leg geometries ( 14) in different grid widths (B) - and different sized parallel pages (12) - generated. Method and shapes according to 2nd to 6th, characterized in that the triangular-like raw lamellae (4) in the longitudinal direction have congruent cross-sections with correspondences between outer tree surfaces (5) and trapezoidal legs (14), and thus fiber parallelism (16). Method and devices for the formations according to 1. and 2., characterized in that the workpiece guide (18) is adjustable with regard to the number of pick-up degrees (20) and laterally (19) - for asymmetrical (10) positions - displaceable.

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