EP1180193A1 - Clamping fixture for securing panes of glass - Google Patents

Clamping fixture for securing panes of glass

Info

Publication number
EP1180193A1
EP1180193A1 EP00964018A EP00964018A EP1180193A1 EP 1180193 A1 EP1180193 A1 EP 1180193A1 EP 00964018 A EP00964018 A EP 00964018A EP 00964018 A EP00964018 A EP 00964018A EP 1180193 A1 EP1180193 A1 EP 1180193A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bushing
bearing
spacer
clamping
compensating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP00964018A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1180193B1 (en
Inventor
Ralf Kreyenborg
Dirk Schulte
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dorma Deutschland GmbH
Original Assignee
Dorma Deutschland GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dorma Deutschland GmbH filed Critical Dorma Deutschland GmbH
Publication of EP1180193A1 publication Critical patent/EP1180193A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1180193B1 publication Critical patent/EP1180193B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0801—Separate fastening elements
    • E04F13/0832—Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements
    • E04F13/0853—Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements adjustable perpendicular to the wall
    • E04F13/0855—Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements adjustable perpendicular to the wall adjustable in several directions, one of which is perpendicular to the wall
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/14—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass
    • E04F13/145—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass with an outer layer of glass
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/54—Fixing of glass panes or like plates
    • E06B3/5436—Fixing of glass panes or like plates involving holes or indentations in the pane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/70—Interfitted members
    • Y10T403/7062—Clamped members
    • Y10T403/7064—Clamped members by wedge or cam
    • Y10T403/7066—Clamped members by wedge or cam having actuator
    • Y10T403/7067—Threaded actuator
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/71—Rod side to plate or side
    • Y10T403/7123—Traversed by connector

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a clamping fitting for the fastening of glass panes with an outer and an inner, the glass sliding between clamping clamping element and a clamp screw connectable to a substructure which is elastically supported on the inner clamp element via a bushing comprising the clamp screw.
  • a device of the type mentioned at the outset is known from DE 197 13 678 A1.
  • the socket on the inside of the clamping element is connected to a socket comprising the clamping screw, which is supported elastically to a limited extent via O-rings on a separating flange of the inside clamping element.
  • This support primarily serves to absorb the stresses acting on the glass pane after assembly; However, it also enables the glass pane or the clamping elements that clamp the glass pane to be adjusted relative to the position of the clamping screw that can be connected to the substructure, if, according to the known embodiment, a spacing screw surrounding the clamping screw is arranged such that it can be moved angularly with respect to the inside clamping element. This results in a limited relative movement of the inside clamping element compared to the screw shaft of the clamping screw in all six degrees of freedom
  • the invention is based on the consideration that glass panes, for example for covering facades, are fastened by means of a so-called four-point bearing. It is desirable to first connect the glass pane to the substructure by means of a so-called fixed point, whereby the other three bearing points must be equipped in such a way that both construction tolerances and loads on the glass pane can be reliably absorbed after installation by thermal stress or wind pressure inevitably a different design of the individual clamp fittings
  • an inner clamping element on the side facing the substructure has a cylindrical receiving space for receiving a bearing which supports the clamping screw in the axial direction, the clamping screw optionally in the axial direction without play, in a plane intersecting the central longitudinal axis and in the axial direction with play or with axial play and all-round circumferential play in the camp is wearable
  • an exterior and an interior clamping element of identical design are used.
  • a so-called fixed bearing is created
  • the bearing is designed in accordance with the invention in such a way that it has a compensating bushing covering the screw shaft of the clamping screw without play and a spacing bushing covering the compensating bushing, the spacing bushing having on its outer circumference a separating flange over which the bearing has limited elasticity via resiliently elastic means, is supported for example on the inner clamping element via earrings.
  • This support also allows the height of the fixed bearing to be adjusted to a small extent, for example by plus or minus two millimeters.
  • the compensating bush is fixed in the axial direction on the spacer bush without play, the compensating bush being supported on the one hand on a collar of the spacer bush and on the other hand via a nut screwed to the compensating bushing with the spacer bush.
  • a spacer is arranged between the nut and the front of the spacer. Apart from the support of the bearing via the earrings described above, this prevents any movement of the clamping screw relative to the clamping element inside the building.
  • the spacer bush has a recess or bore which is hole-like in cross section
  • the Compensating bushing with an essentially oval or elliptical bushing head is supported on a collar of the spacer bushing. While a displacement or migration of the clamping screw in the slot-like recess of the compensating bushing is reliably prevented in the above-described fixed bearing, the invention further proposes that Achieving a plain bearing between the nut screwed to the compensating bushing and the spacer bushing, an axial play is provided.
  • the compensating bushing can slide in the slot-like recess of the spacer bushing even after installation, so that here a compensating smog - Is given in a plane intersecting the central longitudinal axis of the clamping screw
  • this is achieved by dispensing with the above-described spacer assigned to the fixed bearing, so that the only constructive difference between the fixed bearing and the plain bearing or vertical bearing consists in dispensing with the spacer
  • both the compensating bushings and the spacer bushing have concentric bores, the spacer bushing being the same Compensating bush with radial play and is supported with axial play between the screw head of the clamping screw and a flange of the compensating bush.
  • the design difference is therefore limited to the design of the spacer bush on the one hand and the compensating bush on the other hand, but ensures a movement of the clamping screw opposite the inside of the building Clamping element in four degrees of freedom
  • the compensating bush has a threaded sleeve directed against the substructure on which the mounting takes a counter nut to be used against the substructure
  • the present invention creates a clamp fitting with which different degrees of freedom of the clamp fitting compared to the glass pane can be achieved while largely maintaining the same components
  • Figure 4 is a view in the direction of arrow A-A of Figure 3
  • Figure 5 The cross section through a plain bearing or vertical bearing
  • a fixed bearing 3, a sliding or vertical bearing 4 and two loss bearings 5 are indicated on a glass pane denoted by 2, with which the glass plate 2 is fastened to a substructure (not shown).
  • the fixed bearing denoted by F is only to the extent of the usual play with bearing parts and due to the still to be described support of a spacer 9 via O-rings 30 adjustable by a little plus or minus two millimeters.
  • the vertical bearing labeled V only allows the movement in one plane through a central longitudinal axis 1 1 of the fastening screw closed, whereby this plane can be directed as desired, for example also in the X or Y direction Fixing screw orthogonal to the central longitudinal axis 11 thereof in all directions
  • the fixed bearing 3 shown in cross section in FIG. 3, like the slide bearing 4 and the floating bearing 5, has an inner clamping element 6 and an outer clamping element 7.
  • the clamping element 7 On the side of the clamping element 7 directed against the substructure, not shown, the clamping element 7 has a cylindrical receiving space 10 on which receives the actual fixed bearing 3
  • the fixed bearing 3 essentially consists of a compensating bushing 17 surrounding a clamping screw 8 and the spacing bushing 9 surrounding the compensating bushing 17 which has a recess or bore 22 in the form of an elongated cross section (see FIG. 4) Its free ends directed against the substructure, not shown, have an external thread onto which a nut 20 is screwed.
  • a spacer disk 21 is arranged, via which the spacer bush 9 with the compensating bush 1 7 and thus with the clamping screw in the axial direction of the clamping screw 8 (arrow Z)
  • the spacer bushing 9 also has a separating flange 18 (see FIG. 5) which engages between two O-rings (30) which are in turn fixed by a clamping ring 27 which can be screwed into an internal thread of the inner clamping element 6.
  • the clamping screw 8 clamped as described above is supported with its oval or elliptical socket head 23 on a collar 24 of the spacer 9
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 shows the design of a vertical or sliding bearing in which the clamping screw 8 with its bushing head 23 is guided in the slot-like recess 22 of the spacer bushing 9.
  • the spacer disk 21 described with reference to FIG. 3 has been removed, so that there is an axial play denoted by 13 of the spacer bushing 9 between the collar 24 of the spacer bushing and the mother 20 results
  • a thread designated 29 on the outer circumference of the compensating bushing 17 is dimensioned such that the nut 20 can be tightened against the end stop of the thread 29.
  • the nut 20 can also be fixed in its end position by a grub screw 28 in FIGS. 7 and 8 a clamp fitting 1 is designed as a floating bearing 5, that is to say the compensating bushing 17 and the spacing bushing 9 concentrically comprise a screw shaft 16 of the clamping screw 8 Spacer 9 with radial play 14 and axial play 15 is arranged.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Load-Bearing And Curtain Walls (AREA)
  • Securing Of Glass Panes Or The Like (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)
  • Gripping Jigs, Holding Jigs, And Positioning Jigs (AREA)
  • Automobile Manufacture Line, Endless Track Vehicle, Trailer (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a clamping fixture which is used to secure panes of glass which are clamped between an inner clamping element and an outer clamping element. A clamping screw is elastically supported in limited manner on the inner clamping element above the glass. The invention is characterized in that the lower side of the inner clamping element facing the lower part of the construction is provided with a cylindrical receiving section for the bearing supporting the clamping screw in an axial direction. The bearing can be a fixed bearing, a sliding bearing which intersects the central longitudinal axis of the clamping screw or a moveable bearing providing four points of support for the pane of glass.

Description

Titel: Klemmbeschlag für die Befestigung von GlasscheibenTitle: Clamp fitting for fastening glass panes
Beschreibungdescription
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Klemmbeschlag für die Befestigung von Glasscheiben mit einem äußeren und einem inneren, die Glasschiebe zwi- sehen sich einspannenden Klemmelement und einer mit einer Unterkonstruktion verbindbaren Klemmschraube, welche an dem inneren Klemmelement über eine die Klemmschraube umfassenden Buchse begrenzt elastisch abgestützt ist.The invention relates to a clamping fitting for the fastening of glass panes with an outer and an inner, the glass sliding between clamping clamping element and a clamp screw connectable to a substructure which is elastically supported on the inner clamp element via a bushing comprising the clamp screw.
Eine Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Gattung ist aus der DE 197 13 678 A1 bekannt Bei dem gattungsgemäßen Klemmbeschlag schließt an das gebaudeinnenseitige Klemmelement eine die Klemmschraube umfassende Buchse an, die über O-Ringe an einem Trennflansch des gebau- deinnenseitigen Klemmelementes begrenzt elastisch abgestützt ist. Diese Abstützung dient primär der Aufnahme von auf der Glasscheibe einwir- kenden Spannungen nach der Montage; sie ermöglicht jedoch zusätzlich eine Anpassung der Glasscheibe bzw der die Glasscheibe einspannenden Klemmelemente relativ zur Lage mit der Unterkonstruktion verbindbaren Klemmschraube, wenn gemäß der vorbekannten Ausführungsform eine die Klemmschraube umschließende Distanzierungsschraube winkel- beweglich zum gebaudeinnenseitigen Klemmelement angeordnet ist Daraus ergibt sich eine begrenzte Relativbewegung des gebaudeinnenseitigen Klemmelementes gegenüber dem Schraubenschaft der Klemmschraube in allen sechs FreiheitsgradenA device of the type mentioned at the outset is known from DE 197 13 678 A1. In the case of the generic clamp fitting, the socket on the inside of the clamping element is connected to a socket comprising the clamping screw, which is supported elastically to a limited extent via O-rings on a separating flange of the inside clamping element. This support primarily serves to absorb the stresses acting on the glass pane after assembly; However, it also enables the glass pane or the clamping elements that clamp the glass pane to be adjusted relative to the position of the clamping screw that can be connected to the substructure, if, according to the known embodiment, a spacing screw surrounding the clamping screw is arranged such that it can be moved angularly with respect to the inside clamping element.This results in a limited relative movement of the inside clamping element compared to the screw shaft of the clamping screw in all six degrees of freedom
Die Erfindung geht von der Überlegung aus, daß Glasscheiben, bei- spielsweise für die Bedeckung von Fassaden, mittels einer sogenannten Vierpunkt-Lagerung befestigt werden. Dabei ist es wünschenswert, die Glasscheibe zunächst mittels eines sogenannten Festpunktes an der Unterkonstruktion anzuschließen, wobei die anderen drei Lagerpunkte so ausgestattet werden müssen, daß sowohl Bautoleranzen als auch Bela- stungen der Glasscheibe nach der Montage durch Wärmespannungen oder Winddruck zuverlässig aufgenommen werden können Dieses bedarf zwangslaufig einer unterschiedlichen Ausgestaltung der einzelnen KlemmbeschlageThe invention is based on the consideration that glass panes, for example for covering facades, are fastened by means of a so-called four-point bearing. It is desirable to first connect the glass pane to the substructure by means of a so-called fixed point, whereby the other three bearing points must be equipped in such a way that both construction tolerances and loads on the glass pane can be reliably absorbed after installation by thermal stress or wind pressure inevitably a different design of the individual clamp fittings
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, unter Berücksichtigung der vorgenannten Forderung die einzelnen Klemmbeschlage für die Vierpunkt-Lagerung so auszugestalten, daß in möglichst weitgehendem Umfang gleiche Bauteile verwendet werden können, um zu einer kostengünstigen und montage- freundlichen Losung zu gelangenIt is the object of the invention, taking into account the aforementioned requirement, to design the individual clamp fittings for the four-point mounting in such a way that the same components can be used to the greatest possible extent in order to arrive at an inexpensive and easy-to-install solution
Die Erfindung lost die gestellte Aufgabe durch die Lehre nach Anspruch 1The invention achieves the object set by the teaching according to claim 1
Hiernach weist ein inneres Klemmelement an der der Unterkonstruktion zugewandten Seite einen zylindrischen Aufnahmeraum für die Aufnahme eines die Klemmschraube in Axialrichtung abstutzenden Lagers auf, wobei die Klemmschraube wahlweise in Axialrichtung ohne Spiel, in einer die Mittellangsachse schneidender Ebene und in Axialrichtung mit Spiel oder mit axialem Spiel und allseitigem umfangseitigem Spiel in dem Lager abstutzbar istAccording to this, an inner clamping element on the side facing the substructure has a cylindrical receiving space for receiving a bearing which supports the clamping screw in the axial direction, the clamping screw optionally in the axial direction without play, in a plane intersecting the central longitudinal axis and in the axial direction with play or with axial play and all-round circumferential play in the camp is wearable
Erfindungsgemaß findet in allen Fallen ein gebaudeaußenseitiges und ein gebaudeinnenseitges Klemmelemnt identischer Bauart Verwendung Mit dem ersten Teilmerkmal, nämlich der Ausbildung des Lagers derart, daß die Klemmschraube in Axialrichtung ohne Spiel im Lager abstutzbar ist, wird ein sogenanntes Festlager geschaffenAccording to the invention, in all cases, an exterior and an interior clamping element of identical design are used. With the first partial feature, namely the design of the bearing in such a way that the clamping screw can be supported in the axial direction without play in the bearing, a so-called fixed bearing is created
Mit dem zweiten Teilmerkmal, nam ch der Abstutzung der Klemmschraube in dem gebaudeinnenseitigen Klemmelement in einer die Mittel- langsachse schneidenden Ebene und in Axialrichtung mit Spiel wird ein sogenanntes Vertikallager oder Gleitlager geschaffen, welches auch nach der Montage eine Bewegung der Klemmschraube gegenüber dem gebaudeinnenseitigen Klemmelemnt in einer Ebene zulaßtWith the second sub-feature, namely the support of the clamping screw in the inside clamping element in a plane intersecting the central longitudinal axis and in the axial direction with play, a so-called vertical bearing or plain bearing is created which, even after assembly, moves the clamping screw relative to the inside clamping element one level
Mit dem dritten Teilmerkmal, nämlich mit der Lagerung der Klemmschraube in dem gebaudeinnenseitigen Klemmelement mit axialem Spiel und allseitigem umfangsseitigem Spiel wird schließlich ein Losllager geschaffen, welches eine Bewegung der Scheibe gegenüber dem Klemm- beschlag sowohl in horizontaler als auch in vertikaler Richtung, also beispielsweise in einer X-Ebene oder in einer Y-Ebene zuläßt.With the third sub-feature, namely with the mounting of the clamping screw in the inside clamping element with axial play and all-round circumferential play, a loose bearing is finally created, which allows the disc to move relative to the clamping Fogging in both the horizontal and vertical directions, for example in an X-plane or in a Y-plane.
Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung werden lediglich durch geringfügige unterschiedliche Ausgestaltung der vom inneren Klemmelement aufge- nommenen Lager verschiedene Freiheitsgrade für die in dem vorgenannten Lager abgestützte Klemmschraube geschaffen, ohne daß eine Veränderung an dem gebaudeinnenseitigen Klemmelement vorgenommen werden muß. Damit ist ein Toleranzausgleich sowohl während der Montage aufgrund von Fertigungstoleranzen als auch nach der Montage aufgrund von auf die Glasscheibe wirkenden Spannungen möglich.With the solution according to the invention, different degrees of freedom for the clamping screw supported in the aforementioned bearing are created only by slightly different design of the bearings received by the inner clamping element, without a change having to be made to the clamping element inside the building. This enables tolerance compensation both during assembly due to manufacturing tolerances and after assembly due to stresses acting on the glass pane.
Weitere Merkmale der Erfindung sind durch die Unteransprüche gekennzeichnet.Further features of the invention are characterized by the subclaims.
Das Lager ist dabei erfindungsgemäß so ausgebildet, daß es eine den Schraubenschaft der Klemmschraube ohne Spiel überfassende Aus- gleichsbuchse und eine die Ausgleichsbuchse überfassende Distanzbuchse aufweist, wobei die Distanzbuchse auf ihrem Außenumfang einen Trennflansch aufweist, über welchen das Lager begrenzt elastisch über federnd elastische Mittel, beispielsweise über Ohrringe an dem inneren Klemmelement abgestützt ist. Diese Abstützung läßt auch bei dem Fest- lager noch eine Höhenjustierbarkeit in geringem Umfang, beispielsweise von plus minus zwei Millimeter zu.The bearing is designed in accordance with the invention in such a way that it has a compensating bushing covering the screw shaft of the clamping screw without play and a spacing bushing covering the compensating bushing, the spacing bushing having on its outer circumference a separating flange over which the bearing has limited elasticity via resiliently elastic means, is supported for example on the inner clamping element via earrings. This support also allows the height of the fixed bearing to be adjusted to a small extent, for example by plus or minus two millimeters.
Zur Erzielung eines Festlagers ist nach einem besonderen Merkmal der Erfindung die Ausgleichsbuchse in Axialrichtung an der Distanzbuchse ohne Spiel festgelegt, wobei die Ausgleichsbuchse einerseits an einem Kragen der Distanzbuchse und andererseits über eine mit der Ausgleichsbuchse verschraubte Mutter mit der Distanzbuchse abgestützt ist. Um hierbei jedes Spiel elemenieren zu können, ist zwischen der Mutter und der Stirnseite der Distanzbuchse eine Distanzscheibe angeordnet. Damit ist - abgesehen von der Abstützung des Lagers über die vorbe- schriebenen Ohrringe - jegliche Bewegung der Klemmschraube gegenüber dem gebaudeinnenseitigen Klemmelement unterbunden.To achieve a fixed bearing, according to a special feature of the invention, the compensating bush is fixed in the axial direction on the spacer bush without play, the compensating bush being supported on the one hand on a collar of the spacer bush and on the other hand via a nut screwed to the compensating bushing with the spacer bush. In order to be able to eliminate every game, a spacer is arranged between the nut and the front of the spacer. Apart from the support of the bearing via the earrings described above, this prevents any movement of the clamping screw relative to the clamping element inside the building.
Nach einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung weist die Distanzbuchse eine im Querschnitt lochartige Ausnehmung oder Bohrung auf, wobei die Ausgleichsbuchse mit einem im wesentlichen ovalen oder elliptischen Buchsenkopf an einem Kragen der Distanzbuchse abgestutzt ist Wahrend bei dem vorbeschriebenen Festlager eine Verschiebung oder ein Wandern der Klemmschraube in der langlochartigen Ausnehmung der Ausgleichsbuchse aufgrund der axialen Einspannung zuverlässig verhindert wird, schlagt die Erfindung weiter vor, daß zur Erzielung eines Gleitlagers zwischen der mit der Ausgleichsbuchse verschraubten Mutter und der Distanzbuchse ein axiales Spiel vorgesehen ist Aufgrund des nunmehr gegebenen Verzichtes auf die axiale Einspannung vermag die Aus- gleichsbuchse in der langlochartigen Ausnehmung der Distanzbuchse auch nach erfolgter Montage zu gleiten, so daß hier eine Ausgleichsmog- chkeit in einer die Mittellangsachse der Klemmschraube schneidenden Ebene gegeben istAccording to a further feature of the invention, the spacer bush has a recess or bore which is hole-like in cross section, the Compensating bushing with an essentially oval or elliptical bushing head is supported on a collar of the spacer bushing. While a displacement or migration of the clamping screw in the slot-like recess of the compensating bushing is reliably prevented in the above-described fixed bearing, the invention further proposes that Achieving a plain bearing between the nut screwed to the compensating bushing and the spacer bushing, an axial play is provided. Due to the fact that the axial clamping is now dispensed with, the compensating bushing can slide in the slot-like recess of the spacer bushing even after installation, so that here a compensating smog - Is given in a plane intersecting the central longitudinal axis of the clamping screw
Wie noch im Ausfuhrungsbeispiel zu erläutern sein wird, wird dies durch Verzicht auf die dem Festlager zugeordnete, vorbeschriebene Distanzscheibe erreicht, so daß der einzige konstruktive Unterschied zwischen dem Festlager und dem Gleitlager oder Vertiakllager in dem Verzicht auf die Distanzscheibe bestehtAs will still be explained in the exemplary embodiment, this is achieved by dispensing with the above-described spacer assigned to the fixed bearing, so that the only constructive difference between the fixed bearing and the plain bearing or vertical bearing consists in dispensing with the spacer
Eine geringe konstruktive Abwandlung der Ausgestaltung des Lagers er- gibt sich bei der Erzielung eines Loslagers, wobei jedoch wie vorbeschrieben das gebaudeiπnenseitige Klemmelement identisch Verwendung findet Zur Erzielung eines Loslagers weisen sowohl die Aus- gleichsbuchsen als auch die Distanzbuchse konzentrische Bohrungen auf, wobei die Distanzbuchse die Ausgleichsbuchse mit radialem Spiel umfasst und mit axialem Spiel zwischen dem Schraubenkopf der Klemmschraube und einem Flansch der Ausgleichsbuchse gelagert ist Der konstruktive Unterschied erschöpft sich somit lediglich in der Ausgestaltung der Distanzbuchse einerseits und der Ausgleichsbuchse andererseits, gewährleistet jedoch eine Bewegung der Klemmschraube gegen- über dem gebaudeinnenseitgen Klemmelement in vier FreiheitsgradenA slight structural modification of the design of the bearing is obtained when a floating bearing is achieved, but, as described above, the internal clamping element is used identically. To achieve a floating bearing, both the compensating bushings and the spacer bushing have concentric bores, the spacer bushing being the same Compensating bush with radial play and is supported with axial play between the screw head of the clamping screw and a flange of the compensating bush.The design difference is therefore limited to the design of the spacer bush on the one hand and the compensating bush on the other hand, but ensures a movement of the clamping screw opposite the inside of the building Clamping element in four degrees of freedom
Bei allen drei Ausfuhrungsformen weist sowohl bei dem Festlager als auch bei dem Gleitlager und dem Loslager die Ausgleichsbuchse eine gegen die Unterkonstruktion gerichtete Gewindehulse auf die der Auf- nähme einer gegen die Unterkonstruktion anzustellenden Kontermutter dientIn all three embodiments, both in the fixed bearing as well as in the plain bearing and the floating bearing, the compensating bush has a threaded sleeve directed against the substructure on which the mounting takes a counter nut to be used against the substructure
Im Ergebnis wird mit der vorliegenden Erfindung ein Klemmbeschlag geschaffen, mit dem unter weitgehender Beibehaltung gleicher Bauteile un- terschiedliche Freiheitsgrade des Klemmbeschlages gegenüber der Glasscheibe erzielbar sindAs a result, the present invention creates a clamp fitting with which different degrees of freedom of the clamp fitting compared to the glass pane can be achieved while largely maintaining the same components
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von drei Ausfuhrungsbeispielen naher erläutert Es zeigenThe invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of three exemplary embodiments
Figur 1 Eine schematische Darstellung einer Vierpunkt-LagerungFigure 1 A schematic representation of a four-point bearing
Figur 2 Die Legende zu den einzelnen Klemmbeschlagen nachFigure 2 The legend for the individual clamp fittings
Figur 1Figure 1
Figur 3 Den Querschnitt durch ein FestlagerFigure 3 The cross section through a fixed bearing
Figur 4 Eine Ansicht in Pfeilrichtung A-A nach Figur 3Figure 4 is a view in the direction of arrow A-A of Figure 3
Figur 5 Den Querschnitt durch ein Gleitlager oder VertikallagerFigure 5 The cross section through a plain bearing or vertical bearing
Figur 6 Die Ansicht gemäß Pfeil B-B nach Figur 5Figure 6 The view according to arrow B-B of Figure 5
Figur 7 Den Querschnitt durch ein LoslagerFigure 7 The cross section through a floating bearing
Figur 8 Die Ansicht gemäß Pfeil C-C nach Figur 7Figure 8 The view according to arrow C-C of Figure 7
In der Darstellung nach Figur 1 sind auf einer mit 2 bezeichneten Glasscheibe ein Festlager 3, ein Gleit- oder Vertikallager 4 sowie zwei Lossla- ger 5 angedeutet, mit denen die Glasplatte 2 an einer nicht dargestellten Unterkonstruktion befestigt wird Das mit F bezeichnete Festlager ist nur im Umfang des bei Lagerteilen üblichen Spiels sowie aufgrund der noch zu beschreibenden Abstutzung einer Distanzbuchse 9 über O-Ringe 30 um etwas plus minus zwei Millimeter justierbar Das mit V bezeichnete Vertikallager laßt die Bewegung nur in einer durch eine Mittellangsachse 1 1 der Befestigungsschraube in der Ebene zu, wobei diese Ebene beliebig, beispielsweise auch in X- oder Y-Richtung gerichtet sein kann Das mit L bezeichnete Loslager hingegen erlaubt eine Bewegung der Befestigungsschraube orthogonal zur Mittellangssachse 11 derselben in alle RichtungenIn the illustration according to FIG. 1, a fixed bearing 3, a sliding or vertical bearing 4 and two loss bearings 5 are indicated on a glass pane denoted by 2, with which the glass plate 2 is fastened to a substructure (not shown). The fixed bearing denoted by F is only to the extent of the usual play with bearing parts and due to the still to be described support of a spacer 9 via O-rings 30 adjustable by a little plus or minus two millimeters.The vertical bearing labeled V only allows the movement in one plane through a central longitudinal axis 1 1 of the fastening screw closed, whereby this plane can be directed as desired, for example also in the X or Y direction Fixing screw orthogonal to the central longitudinal axis 11 thereof in all directions
Das in der Figur 3 im Querschnitt dargestellte Festlager 3 besitzt wie das Gleitlager 4 und das Loslager 5 ein inneres Klemmelement 6 und ein au- ßeres Klemmelement 7 An der gegen die nicht dargestellte Unterkonstruktion gerichtete Seite des Klemmelementes 7 weist das Klemmelement 7 einen zylindrischen Aufnahmeraum 10 auf, welcher das eigentliche Festlager 3 aufnimmt Das Festlager 3 besteht im wesentlichen aus einer eine Klemmschraube 8 umschließenden Ausgleichsbuchse 17 und der die Ausgleichsbuchse 17 umschließenden Distanzbuchse 9 welche eine im Querschnitt langlochformige Ausnehmung oder Bohrung 22 aufweist (siehe Figur 4) Die Ausgleichsbuchse 17 besitzt an ihrem gegen die nicht dargestellte Unterkonstruktion gerichteten freien Enden ein Außengewinde auf das eine Mutter 20 aufgeschraubt ist Zwischen der Mut- ter 20 und der gegen die Mutter 20 gerichteten Stirnseite der Distanzbuchse 9 ist eine Distanzscheibe 21 angeordnet, über die die Distanzbuchse 9 mit der Ausgleichsbuchse 17 und damit mit der Klemmschraube in Achsrichtung der Klemmschraube 8 (Pfeil Z) verspannt wirdThe fixed bearing 3 shown in cross section in FIG. 3, like the slide bearing 4 and the floating bearing 5, has an inner clamping element 6 and an outer clamping element 7. On the side of the clamping element 7 directed against the substructure, not shown, the clamping element 7 has a cylindrical receiving space 10 on which receives the actual fixed bearing 3 The fixed bearing 3 essentially consists of a compensating bushing 17 surrounding a clamping screw 8 and the spacing bushing 9 surrounding the compensating bushing 17 which has a recess or bore 22 in the form of an elongated cross section (see FIG. 4) Its free ends directed against the substructure, not shown, have an external thread onto which a nut 20 is screwed. Between the nut 20 and the end face of the spacer bush 9 directed against the nut 20, a spacer disk 21 is arranged, via which the spacer bush 9 with the compensating bush 1 7 and thus with the clamping screw in the axial direction of the clamping screw 8 (arrow Z)
Die Distanzbuchse 9 weist ferner einen Trennflansch 18 (siehe Figur 5) auf, welcher zwischen zwei O-Ringen (30) eingreift, die ihrerseits durch einen in ein Innengewinde des inneren Klemmelementes 6 einschraubbaren Spannring 27 festgelegt sind Die wie vorbeschrieben eingespannte Klemmschraube 8 stutzt sich mit ihrem oval oder elliptisch ausgebildeten Buchsenkopf 23 an einem Kragen 24 der Distanzbuchse 9 abThe spacer bushing 9 also has a separating flange 18 (see FIG. 5) which engages between two O-rings (30) which are in turn fixed by a clamping ring 27 which can be screwed into an internal thread of the inner clamping element 6. The clamping screw 8 clamped as described above is supported with its oval or elliptical socket head 23 on a collar 24 of the spacer 9
Das Ausfuhrungsbeispiel nach den Figuren 5 und 6 zeigt die Ausbildung eines Vertikal- oder Gleitlagers, bei dem die Klemmschraube 8 mit ihrem Buchsenkopf 23 in der langlochartigen Ausnehmung 22 der Distanzbuchse 9 gleitend gefuhrt ist Hieraus ergibt sich eine seitliche Verschie- bemoglichkeit für die Klemmschraube 8 in der in der Figur 6 dargestellten X-Richtung im Rahmen eines mit 12 bezeichneten Spieles Dazu ist die mit Bezug auf die Figur 3 beschriebene Distanzscheibe 21 entfernt worden, so daß sich ein mit 13 bezeichnetes axiales Spiel der Distanzbuchse 9 zwischen dem Kragen 24 der Distanzbuchse und der Mutter 20 ergibt Hierzu ist ferner ein mit 29 bezeichnetes Gewinde auf dem Außenumfang der Ausgleichsbuchse 17 so bemessen, daß die Mutter 20 gegen den Endanschlag des Gewindes 29 angezogen werden kann Die Mutter 20 kann ferner in ihrer Endposition durch eine Madenschraube 28 festgelegt werden In den Figuren 7 und 8 ist ein Klemmbeschlag 1 als Loslager 5 ausgebildet, das heißt die Ausgleichsbuchse 17 und die Distanzbuchse 9 umfassen konzentrisch einen Schraubenschaft 16 der Klemmschraube 8 Die Ausgleichsbuchse 17 besitzt hierzu einen Flansch 25 zwischen dem und einer am Schraubenkopf 31 der Klemmschraube 8 anliegenden Un- terlegscheibe 19 die Distanzbuchse 9 mit radialem Spiel 14 und axialem Spiel 15 angeordnet ist Dies ermöglicht sowohl eine geringfügige axiale (Pfeilrichtung Z) als auch radiale Bewegung der Klemmschraube 8 innerhalb des inneren Klemmelementes 6, wie dies in der Figur 8 durch die Pfeilπchtungen X und Y angedeutet ist Im Bereich des gegen die Unterkonstruktion gerichteten freien Endes der Ausgleichsbuchse 17 ist eine Gewindehulse 32 ausgebildet, auf die über das Gewinde 29 eine gegen die Unterkonstruktion anstellbare Kontermutter 26 aufgeschraubt ist The exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 5 and 6 shows the design of a vertical or sliding bearing in which the clamping screw 8 with its bushing head 23 is guided in the slot-like recess 22 of the spacer bushing 9. This results in a lateral displacement possibility for the clamping screw 8 in the X-direction shown in FIG. 6 in the context of a game denoted by 12. For this purpose, the spacer disk 21 described with reference to FIG. 3 has been removed, so that there is an axial play denoted by 13 of the spacer bushing 9 between the collar 24 of the spacer bushing and the mother 20 results For this purpose, a thread designated 29 on the outer circumference of the compensating bushing 17 is dimensioned such that the nut 20 can be tightened against the end stop of the thread 29. The nut 20 can also be fixed in its end position by a grub screw 28 in FIGS. 7 and 8 a clamp fitting 1 is designed as a floating bearing 5, that is to say the compensating bushing 17 and the spacing bushing 9 concentrically comprise a screw shaft 16 of the clamping screw 8 Spacer 9 with radial play 14 and axial play 15 is arranged. This enables both a slight axial (arrow direction Z) and radial movement of the clamping screw 8 within the inner clamping element 6, as indicated in Figure 8 by the arrow X and Y Im Area of the free directed against the substructure At the end of the compensating bushing 17, a threaded sleeve 32 is formed, onto which a lock nut 26 which can be adjusted against the substructure is screwed via the thread 29
Bezugszeichenreference numeral
1 Klemmbeschlag1 clamp fitting
2 Glasscheibe2 glass pane
3 Festlager3 fixed bearings
4 Gleitlager4 plain bearings
5 Loslager5 floating bearings
6 inneres Klemmelement6 inner clamping element
7 äußeres Klemmelement7 outer clamping element
8 Klemmschraube8 clamping screw
9 Distanzbuchse9 spacer
10 zylindrischer Aufnahmeraum10 cylindrical receiving space
1 1 Mittellangsachse1 1 central longitudinal axis
12 Spiel12 game
1 3 Spiel1 3 game
14 Spiel14 game
15 Spiel15 game
16 Schraubenschaft16 screw shaft
17 Ausgleichsbuchse17 compensating bush
1 8 Treπnflansch1 8 flange
1 9 Unterlegscheibe1 9 washer
20 Mutter20 mother
21 Distanzscheibe21 spacer
22 langlochartige Ausnehmung22 slot-like recess
23 Buchsenkopf23 socket head
24 Kragen der Distanzbuchse24 collar of the spacer
25 Flansch25 flange
26 Kontermutter26 lock nut
27 Spannring27 tension ring
28 Madenschraube28 grub screw
29 Gewinde29 threads
30 O-Ringe30 O-rings
31 Schraubenkopf der Klemmschraube31 screw head of the clamping screw
32 Gewindehulse32 thread sleeves
Pfeil Z Achsrichtung F Festlager V Vertikallager L LoslagerArrow Z axis direction F fixed bearing V vertical bearing L floating bearing
X RichtungX direction
Y Richtung Y direction

Claims

Patentansprücheclaims
1 Klemmbeschlag für die Befestigung von Glasscheiben mit einem äußeren und einem inneren, die Glasschiebe zwischen sich einspannenden Klemmelement und einer mit einer Unterkonstruktion verbindbaren Klemmschraube, welche an dem inneren Klemmelement über eine die Klemmschraube umfassende Buchse begrenzt elastisch abgestutzt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das innere Klemmelement (6) an der der Unterkoπstruktion zugewandten Seite einen zylindrischen Aufnahmeraum (10) für die Auf- nähme eines die Klemmschraube (8) in Axialrichtung (Pfeil Z) abstutzenden Lagers (3, 4, 5) aufweist, wobei die Klemmschraube (8) wahlweise in Axialrichtung (Pfeil Z) ohne Spiel (Festlager ), in einer eine Mittellangsachse (11 ) schneidenden Ebene und in Axialrichtung (Pfeil Z) mit Spiel (12, 13) (Gleitlager 4) oder mit axialem Spiel (14) und allseitigen umfangseitigen Spiel (15)1 clamping fitting for the attachment of glass panes with an outer and an inner, the glass sliding between clamping clamping element and a clamp screw connectable to a substructure, which is elastically supported on the inner clamping element via a socket encompassing the clamping screw, characterized in that the inner Clamping element (6) on the side facing the substructure has a cylindrical receiving space (10) for receiving a bearing (3, 4, 5) supporting the clamping screw (8) in the axial direction (arrow Z), the clamping screw (8) either in the axial direction (arrow Z) without play (fixed bearing), in a plane intersecting a central longitudinal axis (11) and in the axial direction (arrow Z) with play (12, 13) (slide bearing 4) or with axial play (14) and on all sides on the circumference Game (15)
(Loslager 5) in dem Lager (3, 4, 5) abstutzbar ist(Floating bearing 5) in the bearing (3, 4, 5) is wearable
2 Klemmbeschlag nach Anspruch 1 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Lager (3, 4, 5) eine einen Schraubenschaft (16) der Klemmschraube (8) ohne Spiel uberfassende Ausgleichsbuchse (17) und eine die Ausgleichsbuchse (17) uberfassende Distanzbuchse (9) aufweist2 clamping fitting according to claim 1, characterized in that the bearing (3, 4, 5) has a screw shaft (16) of the clamping screw (8) without clearance compensating bushing (17) and a compensating bushing (17) covering spacer bushing (9)
3 Klemmbeschlag nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet daß die Distanzbuchse (9) an ihrem Außenumfang einen Trennflansch (18) aufweist, über welchen das Lager (3, 4, 5) begrenzt elastisch über federnde Mittel (O-Rιnge 30) an dem inneren3 clamping fitting according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the spacer bush (9) has on its outer circumference a separating flange (18), via which the bearing (3, 4, 5) limited elasticity via resilient means (O-Rιnge 30) on the inner
Klemmelement (6) abgestutzt istClamping element (6) is supported
4 Klemmbeschlag nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Erzielung eines Festlagers (3) die Ausgleichsbuchse (17) in Axialrichtung (Pfeil Z) an der Distanzbuchse (9) festgelegt ist4 clamp fitting according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that to achieve a fixed bearing (3), the compensating bush (17) in the axial direction (arrow Z) on the spacer bush (9) is fixed
5 Klemmbeschlag nach Anspruch 4 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ausgleichsbuchse (17) einerseits an einem Kragen (24) der Distanzbuchse (9) und andererseits über eine mit der Ausgleichsbuchse (17) verschraubten Mutter (20) an der Distanzbuchse (9) abgestutzt ist5 clamp fitting according to claim 4, characterized in that the compensating bushing (17) on the one hand on a collar (24) Spacer bushing (9) and on the other hand is supported on the spacer bushing (9) by a nut (20) screwed to the compensating bushing (17)
Klemmbeschlag nach Anspruch 4 und 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen der Mutter (20) und der Stirnseite der Distanzbuchse (9) eine Distanzscheibe (21 ) angeordnet istClamp fitting according to claims 4 and 5, characterized in that a spacer (21) is arranged between the nut (20) and the end face of the spacer bush (9)
Klemmbeschlag nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Distanzbuchse (9) eine im Querschnitt langlochartige Ausnehmung oder Bohrung aufweist und die Aus- gleichsbuchse (17) mit einem im wesentlichen ovalen oder elliptischen Buchsenkopf (23) an einem Kragen (24) der Distanzbuchse (9) abgestutzt istClamp fitting according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the spacer bushing (9) has a recess or bore which is elongated in cross section and the compensating bushing (17) has an essentially oval or elliptical bushing head (23) on a collar (24 ) the spacer (9) is supported
Klemmbeschlag nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Erzielung eines Gleitlagers (4) zwischen der mit der Ausgleichsbuchse (17) verschraubten Mutter (20) und der Distanzbuchse (9) ein axiales Spiel (13) vorgesehen istClamp fitting according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that an axial play (13) is provided between the nut (20) screwed to the compensating bush (17) and the spacer bush (9) in order to achieve a plain bearing (4)
Klemmbeschlag nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Erzielung eines Loslagers (5) sowohl die Ausgleichsbuchse (17) als auch die Distanzbuchse (9) konzentπ- sehe Bohrungen aufweisen, wobei die Distaπzbuchse (9) dieClamp fitting according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that to achieve a floating bearing (5) both the compensating bushing (17) and the spacer bushing (9) have concentric holes, the spacing bushing (9) having the
Ausgleichsbuchse (17) mit radialem Spiel (15) umfaßt und mit axialem Spiel (14) zwischen einem Schraubenkopf (31 ) der Klemmschraube (8) und einem Flansch (25) der Ausgleichsbuchse (17) gelagert istCompensating bushing (17) with radial play (15) and is supported with axial play (14) between a screw head (31) of the clamping screw (8) and a flange (25) of the compensating bushing (17)
Klemmbeschlag nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ausgleichsbuchse (17) eine gegen die Unterkonstruktion gerichtete Gewindehulse (32) für die Aufnahme einer Kontermutter (26) aufweist Clamp fitting according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the compensating bushing (17) has a threaded sleeve (32) directed against the substructure for receiving a lock nut (26)
EP00964018A 1999-08-17 2000-08-15 Clamping fixture for securing panes of glass Expired - Lifetime EP1180193B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19938571A DE19938571A1 (en) 1999-08-17 1999-08-17 Clamp fitting for fastening glass panes
DE19938571 1999-08-17
PCT/EP2000/007941 WO2001012938A1 (en) 1999-08-17 2000-08-15 Clamping fixture for securing panes of glass

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1180193A1 true EP1180193A1 (en) 2002-02-20
EP1180193B1 EP1180193B1 (en) 2005-08-31

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US (1) US6623203B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1180193B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2003507603A (en)
CN (1) CN1188582C (en)
AT (1) ATE303500T1 (en)
AU (1) AU777979B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2347509A1 (en)
CZ (1) CZ298750B6 (en)
DE (2) DE19938571A1 (en)
DK (1) DK1180193T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2248120T3 (en)
HK (1) HK1040754B (en)
HU (1) HU222966B1 (en)
IL (1) IL141717A0 (en)
PL (1) PL202546B1 (en)
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WO (1) WO2001012938A1 (en)

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HU222966B1 (en) 2004-01-28
HK1040754B (en) 2005-09-02
DE50011070D1 (en) 2005-10-06
DK1180193T3 (en) 2006-01-09
DE19938571A1 (en) 2001-02-22
CN1317067A (en) 2001-10-10
HUP0103613A3 (en) 2002-04-29
AU7509500A (en) 2001-03-13
IL141717A0 (en) 2002-03-10
HK1040754A1 (en) 2002-06-21
PL347313A1 (en) 2002-03-25
US20020050108A1 (en) 2002-05-02
PL202546B1 (en) 2009-07-31
CZ298750B6 (en) 2008-01-16
EP1180193B1 (en) 2005-08-31
JP2003507603A (en) 2003-02-25
US6623203B2 (en) 2003-09-23
WO2001012938A1 (en) 2001-02-22
CN1188582C (en) 2005-02-09
ATE303500T1 (en) 2005-09-15
ES2248120T3 (en) 2006-03-16
CZ20011321A3 (en) 2002-05-15
CA2347509A1 (en) 2001-02-22
SK4972001A3 (en) 2001-12-03
SK286763B6 (en) 2009-05-07
HUP0103613A2 (en) 2002-02-28
AU777979B2 (en) 2004-11-11

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