EP0943287A1 - Dishwasher and method for operating the latter - Google Patents

Dishwasher and method for operating the latter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0943287A1
EP0943287A1 EP98120202A EP98120202A EP0943287A1 EP 0943287 A1 EP0943287 A1 EP 0943287A1 EP 98120202 A EP98120202 A EP 98120202A EP 98120202 A EP98120202 A EP 98120202A EP 0943287 A1 EP0943287 A1 EP 0943287A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
dishwasher
receiver
transmitter
container
working container
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Granted
Application number
EP98120202A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0943287B1 (en
Inventor
Winfried Steiner
Jürgen Vogel
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AEG Hausgeraete GmbH
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AEG Hausgeraete GmbH
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L15/00—Washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware
    • A47L15/42—Details
    • A47L15/4295—Arrangements for detecting or measuring the condition of the crockery or tableware, e.g. nature or quantity
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L15/00—Washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware
    • A47L15/0018—Controlling processes, i.e. processes to control the operation of the machine characterised by the purpose or target of the control
    • A47L15/0021—Regulation of operational steps within the washing processes, e.g. optimisation or improvement of operational steps depending from the detergent nature or from the condition of the crockery
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L15/00—Washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware
    • A47L15/0018—Controlling processes, i.e. processes to control the operation of the machine characterised by the purpose or target of the control
    • A47L15/006—Controlling processes, i.e. processes to control the operation of the machine characterised by the purpose or target of the control using wireless communication between internal components of the machine
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L2401/00—Automatic detection in controlling methods of washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware, e.g. information provided by sensors entered into controlling devices
    • A47L2401/04—Crockery or tableware details, e.g. material, quantity, condition
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L2401/00—Automatic detection in controlling methods of washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware, e.g. information provided by sensors entered into controlling devices
    • A47L2401/30—Variation of electrical, magnetical or optical quantities
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L2401/00—Automatic detection in controlling methods of washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware, e.g. information provided by sensors entered into controlling devices
    • A47L2401/32—Vibration or sound detection
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L2501/00—Output in controlling method of washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware, i.e. quantities or components controlled, or actions performed by the controlling device executing the controlling method
    • A47L2501/30—Regulation of machine operational steps within the washing process, e.g. performing an additional rinsing phase, shortening or stopping of the drying phase, washing at decreased noise operation conditions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a dishwasher according to the the preamble of claim 1 and a method for operating this dishwasher according to the generic term of claim 7.
  • a sensor and / or a measuring device for determining the type and / or the amount of this wash items.
  • the sensor is particularly good at determining the load procured so that it is sound and / or electromagnetic Can recognize waves.
  • sound waves arise from the fact that the wash ware during the washing process is sprayed with and this impact the spray jets on the wash ware depending on the type and quantity causes various noises during loading.
  • a rotational movement of the spray arm becomes approximately that sprayed entire cross-sectional area of the crockery basket, wherein with a different loading density within the crockery basket also has different sound intensities occur.
  • the temporal evaluation of the received signals thus gives a scan of the crockery load, what again on the type and / or the amount of dishes lets close.
  • a Work container which is used to hold the dishes, at least one sender and at least one receiver from Sound and / or electromagnetic waves arranged.
  • An ultrasound transmitter / receiver pair is preferably provided. If the transmitter now sends signals, they will be partially reflected by the items to be washed or, if necessary, arrive on time delayed to the opposite side of the transmitter Working container. The temporal evaluation of the recipient received signals on which an emitted signal partly directly, but also as a result of single or multiple Reflections arrives with a time delay gives about arranged items to be washed out.
  • Transmitter and receiver are preferably within the working container at a large distance, especially on a diagonal space of the work container arranged, so the received signal can be better analyzed. This is mainly due to the fact that the direct and the reflected Signals at a greater time interval from each other lie than in a shorter spaced arrangement of sender and receiver. It is still favorable that the emitted signals pulse-like and especially in not too are a short distance apart. In this way can directly incoming and reflected signals do not overlay or only slightly.
  • a dishwasher has two or more baskets on, the different loads of these Dish baskets can be determined independently by the transmitter and the receiver together on a diagonal a surface parallel to the bottom of the work container lie. In this way, each basket is through preferably a transmitter / receiver pair on its load examined.
  • Light waves can be used as electromagnetic waves become. However, ultrasonic waves are preferred used because this provides better information about the type of loading can give. It takes advantage of the fact that metallic and porcelain-like objects have a higher reflection value of the ultrasonic waves are made of dishes Plastic. The use of ultrasound and light waves together in a dishwasher has the largest Meaningfulness.
  • the load of dishes to be registered and a this washing program treating washware is in its sequence influenced. This can be done in a known manner, for example by filling the device with one of the loads appropriate amount of liquid and a to this load adapted heating of the rinsing liquid happen.
  • the working container of the dishwasher is conceivable.
  • a measurement of the capacity of the thus formed Condenser performed, this without loading with Dishwashing parts and only with regularly in the work container arranged, for serving dishes and dishes if necessary cutlery baskets.
  • the measured value thus obtained serves as a reference value.
  • the load detection is at the beginning of each wash program carried out. This is done immediately after Program start a capacity measurement. By the brought in Loading changes the capacitance of the capacitor on. A difference value formation of this measured value the reference value suggests the loading.
  • the program sequence of a household dishwasher can be adapted to the type and amount of items to be washed.
  • ultrasound transmitters S 1 , S 2 and receivers E 1 , E 2 , E 3 are arranged within their working container.
  • a pair of transmitters / receivers is arranged at the level of each of the two crockery baskets 3, 5.
  • the arrangement of transmitter S 1 or S 2 and receiver E 1 or E 2 takes place both for the upper basket 3 and for the lower basket 5 in the corner areas of the working container, so that transmitter S 1 , S 2 and receiver E 1 , E 2 face each other in pairs diagonally.
  • Another ultrasound receiver E 3 is located at a height between the two crockery baskets 3, 5 in a further corner area of the working container 1.
  • the transmitters S 1 , S 2 and receiver E 3 are attached to a common side of the working container. This side is preferably parallel to flat pieces of crockery which are introduced vertically into the crockery baskets 3, 5.
  • a load measurement is carried out immediately after the device is started.
  • the ultrasound transmitter S 1 assigned to the upper crockery basket 3 first emits a pulse-like signal.
  • This signal is received by the receiver E 1, which is also assigned to the upper crockery basket 3 and is diagonally opposite the transmitter S 1 , the loss of intensity depending on the density of the load.
  • the signal is reflected by the items to be washed in the crockery basket 3. With simple reflection, these reflected signals reach the receiver E 3 .
  • a multiply reflected signal is received by the receivers E 1 and E 2 , with a time delay compared to a signal arriving directly at E 1 .
  • the signal received by the receiver E 3 is of a high intensity, this indicates a high loading density. If, on the other hand, a strong direct signal is received by the receiver E 1 , there are few washware parts in the upper basket 3. Thus, the ratio of the directly received signal to the simply reflected signal gives an indication of the loading density.
  • Such a load detection also helps to make a statement about the type of washware parts introduced. This can be determined from the sum of the signals received by the three receivers. In the case of a high proportion of plastic tableware parts, a large proportion of the intensity of the signal emitted by the transmitter S 1 is absorbed by these tableware parts. Porcelain and metal parts, on the other hand, reflect most of an incident signal, so that the signal is only slightly attenuated.
  • the same measurement is carried out on the lower crockery basket 5 by emitting one or more ultrasound pulses by the transmitter S 2 assigned to the lower crockery basket 5.
  • the transmitter S taking the transmitter S to the major part of the direct light passing through the lower basket 5 signals 2 diagonally opposite lower receiver E. 2
  • Single-reflected signals also arrive at the receiver E 3 , and multiple-reflected signals are in turn forwarded to the receivers E 2 and E 1 after a time delay.
  • the two transmitter / receiver pairs E 1 , S 1 and E 2 , S 2 are provided on the two opposite side walls of the working container directly in the area of a loading opening.
  • the load measurement takes place immediately when the respective loaded crockery basket 3 or 5 is inserted.
  • the intensity of the signals received is recorded as a function of time during the insertion process, so that the entire crockery basket surface is scanned in this way.

Landscapes

  • Washing And Drying Of Tableware (AREA)

Abstract

The dishwasher has a sensor (E1,E2,E3) or a measuring facility to determine the type or amount of items to be cleaned. Ultrasound, electromagnetic wave transmission or electrical capacitance may be used. With the aid of the sensors or measuring facility, the dishwasher can be operated satisfactorily with low water and power consumption.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Geschirrspülmaschine nach dem dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 sowie ein Verfahren zum Betreiben dieser Geschirrspülmaschine nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 7.The invention relates to a dishwasher according to the the preamble of claim 1 and a method for operating this dishwasher according to the generic term of claim 7.

Um eine Geschirrspülmaschine mit möglichst geringen Verbrauchsdaten, also wenig Wasser und Energie, zu betreiben, ist es bekannt, die Menge des eingebrachten Spülgutes abzuschätzen. Dazu wird die Menge der für die im Verlauf eines Spülprogrammes erste Befüllung benötigte Flüssigkeit sowie die Dauer der für die Beladung benötigten Heizphase ermittelt. Anhand dieser Daten erfolgt die Abschätzung der Art und Menge der Beladung, wobei die Füllmenge einen Grad der Benetzung und die Aufheizgeschwindigkeit ein Maß für die Wärmekapazität des Geschirrs angibt. Mit Hilfe dieser Werte wird der weitere Programmablauf eingestellt.To get a dishwasher with the lowest possible consumption data, so little water and energy to operate, it is known to estimate the amount of items to be washed. To do this, the amount of for the course of a Flushing program first filling required liquid as well the duration of the heating phase required for loading is determined. Based on this data, Art and amount of load, the fill amount being a degree of Wetting and the heating rate a measure of that Indicates the heat capacity of the dishes. With the help of these values the further program sequence is set.

Eine derartige Beladungserkennung liefert jedoch nur eine grobe Abschätzung über die Art und Menge der eingebrachten Spülgutteile. Eine Reduzierung der Verbrauchsdaten ist daher nur in beschränktem Umfang sinnvoll, um nicht zu riskieren, daß infolge der Ungenauigkeit der Abschätzung ein Spülgang mit einem schlechten Spülergebnis abgeschlossen wird. However, such a load detection only provides one rough estimate of the type and quantity of the introduced Washware parts. A reduction in consumption data is therefore only makes sense to a limited extent so as not to risk that due to the inaccuracy of the estimate Rinse cycle completed with a poor wash result becomes.

Es ist daher Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Geschirrspülmaschine anzugeben, bei welcher mit besonders niedrigem Wasser- und Energieverbrauch ein zufriedenstellendes Reinigungsergebnis erzielbar ist, und darüberhinaus ein Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Geschirrspülmaschine anzugeben, durch welches die Art und/oder die Menge eines Spülgutes ermittelt wird.It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a dishwasher to indicate, with which with particularly low water and energy consumption a satisfactory cleaning result is achievable, and also a method specify to operate a dishwasher, by which the type and / or the quantity of a wash ware is determined.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe erfolgt bei einer Geschirrspülmaschine zum Spülen von Spülgut nach dem kennzeichnenden Merkmal des Anspruchs 1, sowie bei einem Verfahren zur Ermittlung der Art und/oder der Menge eines Spülgutes gem. dem kennzeichnenden Merkmal des Anspruchs 7.This problem is solved in a dishwasher for washing dishes according to the characteristic Feature of claim 1, as well as in a method for determination the type and / or the amount of items to be washed according to the characteristic feature of claim 7.

In einer Geschirrspülmaschine zum Spülen von Spülgut ist ein Sensor und/oder ein Meßmittel zum Ermitteln der Art und/oder der Menge dieses Spülgutes angeordnet. Um diese Beladung besonders gut ermitteln zu können, ist der Sensor so beschaffen, daß er Schall- und/oder elektromagnetische Wellen erkennen kann. Schallwellen können beispielsweise dadurch entstehen, daß das Spülgut während des Spülvorganges mit Sprühstrahlen beaufschlagt wird und dieses Auftreffen der Sprühstrahlen auf dem Spülgut je nach Art und Menge der Beladung verschiedenartige Geräusche hervorruft. Durch eine Rotationsbewegung des Spruharmes wird annähernd die gesamte Querschnittsfläche des Geschirrkorbes besprüht, wobei bei einer unterschiedlichen Beladungsdichte innerhalb des Geschirrkorbes auch unterschiedliche Schallintensitäten auftreten. Die zeitliche Auswertung der empfangenen Signale ergibt somit eine Abtastung der Geschirrkorb-Beladung, was wiederum auf die Art und/oder die Menge des Spülgutes schließen läßt. In a dishwasher for washing dishes a sensor and / or a measuring device for determining the type and / or the amount of this wash items. Around The sensor is particularly good at determining the load procured so that it is sound and / or electromagnetic Can recognize waves. For example, sound waves arise from the fact that the wash ware during the washing process is sprayed with and this impact the spray jets on the wash ware depending on the type and quantity causes various noises during loading. By a rotational movement of the spray arm becomes approximately that sprayed entire cross-sectional area of the crockery basket, wherein with a different loading density within the crockery basket also has different sound intensities occur. The temporal evaluation of the received signals thus gives a scan of the crockery load, what again on the type and / or the amount of dishes lets close.

Um jedoch bereits vor Beginn eines Spülprogrammes die Beladungserkennung durchführen zu können, ist innerhalb eines Arbeitsbehälters, der zur Aufnahme des Spülgutes dient, mindestens ein Sender und mindestens ein Empfänger von Schall- und/oder elektromagnetischen Wellen angeordnet. Vorzugsweise ist ein Ultraschall-Sender/Empfänger-Paar vorgesehen. Schickt der Sender nun Signale aus, so werden diese von den eingebrachten Spülgutteilen teilweise reflektiert oder gelangen andernteils gegebenenfalls zeitlich verzögert an die dem Sender gegenüberliegenden Seite des Arbeitsbehälters. Die zeitliche Auswertung des vom Empfänger empfangenen Signales, an welchem ein emittiertes Signal teilweise direkt, aber auch infolge einfacher oder mehrfacher Reflektionen zeitlich verzögert ankommt, gibt über die angeordneten Spülgutteile Aufschluß.However, in order to detect the load even before the start of a washing program To be able to perform is within a Work container, which is used to hold the dishes, at least one sender and at least one receiver from Sound and / or electromagnetic waves arranged. An ultrasound transmitter / receiver pair is preferably provided. If the transmitter now sends signals, they will be partially reflected by the items to be washed or, if necessary, arrive on time delayed to the opposite side of the transmitter Working container. The temporal evaluation of the recipient received signals on which an emitted signal partly directly, but also as a result of single or multiple Reflections arrives with a time delay gives about arranged items to be washed out.

Werden Sender und Empfänger in bevorzugter Weise innerhalb des Arbeitsbehälters in großem Abstand, insbesondere auf einer Raumdiagonalen des Arbeitsbehälters angeordnet, so läßt sich das empfangene Signal besser analysieren. Dies liegt im Wesentlichen daran, daß das direkte und die reflektierten Signale in größerem zeitlichen Abstand voneinander liegen als bei einer kürzer distanzierten Anordnung von Sender und Empfänger. Es ist weiterhin günstig, daß die ausgesandten Signale impulsartig und vor allem in nicht zu kurz bemessenem Abstand voneinander sind. Auf diese Weise können sich direkt ankommende und reflektierte Signale nicht oder nur wenig überlagern.Transmitter and receiver are preferably within the working container at a large distance, especially on a diagonal space of the work container arranged, so the received signal can be better analyzed. This is mainly due to the fact that the direct and the reflected Signals at a greater time interval from each other lie than in a shorter spaced arrangement of sender and receiver. It is still favorable that the emitted signals pulse-like and especially in not too are a short distance apart. In this way can directly incoming and reflected signals do not overlay or only slightly.

Weist eine Geschirrspülmaschine zwei oder mehr Geschirrkörbe auf, so können die unterschiedlichen Beladungen dieser Geschirrkörbe unabhängig voneinander ermittelt werden, indem der Sender und der Empfänger gemeinsam auf einer Diagonalen einer zum Boden des Arbeitsbehälters parallelen Fläche liegen. Auf diese Weise wird jeder Geschirrkorb durch vorzugsweise ein Sender/Empfänger-Paar auf seine Beladung hin untersucht.A dishwasher has two or more baskets on, the different loads of these Dish baskets can be determined independently by the transmitter and the receiver together on a diagonal a surface parallel to the bottom of the work container lie. In this way, each basket is through preferably a transmitter / receiver pair on its load examined.

Als elektromagnetische Wellen können dabei Lichtwellen verwendet werden. Vorzugsweise werden jedoch Ultraschallwellen eingesetzt, da diese einen besseren Aufschluß über die Beladungsart geben können. Dabei wird ausgenutzt, daß metallische und porzellanartige Gegenstände einen höheren Reflexionswert der Ultraschallwellen aufweisen als Geschirr aus Kunststoff. Die Verwendung von Ultraschall- und Lichtwellen gemeinsam in einer Geschirrspülmaschine hat den größten Aussagewert.Light waves can be used as electromagnetic waves become. However, ultrasonic waves are preferred used because this provides better information about the type of loading can give. It takes advantage of the fact that metallic and porcelain-like objects have a higher reflection value of the ultrasonic waves are made of dishes Plastic. The use of ultrasound and light waves together in a dishwasher has the largest Meaningfulness.

Mit Hilfe dieses ermittelten zeitlichen Verlaufes der empfangenen Signale wird von einer Auswerteeinheit, die beispielsweise innerhalb einer elektronischen Programmsteuerung umfaßt ist, die Spülgutbeladung registriert und ein dieses Spülgut behandelndes Spülprogramm wird in seinem Ablauf beeinflußt. Dies kann beispielsweise in bekannter Weise durch ein Befüllen des Gerätes mit einer der Beladung entsprechenden Flüssigkeitsmenge und ein an diese Beladung angepaßtes Aufheizen der Spülflüssigkeit geschehen.With the help of this determined time course of the received Signals from an evaluation unit, for example within an electronic program control is included, the load of dishes to be registered and a this washing program treating washware is in its sequence influenced. This can be done in a known manner, for example by filling the device with one of the loads appropriate amount of liquid and a to this load adapted heating of the rinsing liquid happen.

Alternativ oder zusätzlich zur Messung von Schall- bzw. elektromagnetischen Wellen ist auch eine kapazitive Analyse des Arbeitsbehälters der Geschirrspülmaschine denkbar. Dazu werden an zwei vorzugsweise gegenüberliegenden Seiten des nichtmetallischen Arbeitsbehälters je eine Elektrode angeordnet. Vor der ersten Inbetriebnahme der Geschirrspülmaschine wird eine Messung der Kapazität des so gebildeten Kondensators durchgeführt, wobei dies ohne Beladung mit Spülgutteilen und lediglich mit regelmäßig im Arbeitsbehälter angeordneten, zur Spülgutaufnahme dienenden Geschirr- und ggf. Besteckkörben erfolgt. Der so erhaltene Meßwert dient als Bezugswert.Alternatively or in addition to measuring sound or electromagnetic waves is also a capacitive analysis the working container of the dishwasher is conceivable. To are on two preferably opposite sides of the non-metallic work container each arranged an electrode. Before using the dishwasher for the first time is a measurement of the capacity of the thus formed Condenser performed, this without loading with Dishwashing parts and only with regularly in the work container arranged, for serving dishes and dishes if necessary cutlery baskets. The measured value thus obtained serves as a reference value.

Die Beladungerkennung wird zu Beginn eines jeden Spülprogrammes durchgeführt. Dazu erfolgt unmittelbar nach dem Programmstart eine Kapazitätsmessung. Durch die eingebrachte Beladung stellt sich eine veränderte Kapazität des Kondensators ein. Eine Differenzwertbildung dieses Meßwertes zum Bezugswert läßt auf die eingebrachte Beladung schließen.The load detection is at the beginning of each wash program carried out. This is done immediately after Program start a capacity measurement. By the brought in Loading changes the capacitance of the capacitor on. A difference value formation of this measured value the reference value suggests the loading.

Die Erfindung ist im Folgenden anhand der Zeichnungen eines Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert.The invention is based on the drawings Embodiment explained in more detail.

Dabei zeigen:Show:

Fig. 1Fig. 1
eine Haushalts-Geschirrspülmaschine mit Ultraschall-Sendern und -Empfängern in dem Seitenansicht unda household dishwasher with ultrasonic transmitters and receivers in the side view and
Fig. 2Fig. 2
die Geschirrspülmaschine gem. Fig. 1, jedoch in der Draufsicht.the dishwasher acc. Fig. 1, but in the Top view.

Eine Haushalts-Geschirrspülmaschine ist in ihrem Programmablauf an die Art und die Menge des eingebrachten Spülgutes anpassbar. Dazu sind innerhalb ihres Arbeitsbehälters 1 Ultraschall-Sender S1, S2 und -Empfänger E1, E2, E3 angeordnet. Jeweils ein Sender/Empfänger-Paar ist in Höhe eines jeden der beiden Geschirrkörbe 3, 5 angeordnet. Die Anordnung von Sender S1 bzw. S2 und Empfänger E1 bzw. E2 erfolgt dabei sowohl für den Oberkorb 3 als auch für den Unterkorb 5 in den Eckbereichen des Arbeitsbehälters, so daß Sender S1, S2 und Empfänger E1, E2 sich jeweils paarweise diagonal gegenüberliegen. Ein weiterer Ultraschall-Empfänger E3 befindet sich auf einer Höhe zwischen den beiden Geschirrkörben 3, 5 in einem weiteren Eckbereich des Arbeitsbehälters 1. Dabei sind die Sender S1, S2 und Empfänger E3 auf einer gemeinsamen Seite des Arbeitsbehälters angebracht. Vorzugsweise liegt diese Seite parallel zu flächigen Geschirrteilen, welche senkrecht in die Geschirrkörbe 3, 5 eingebracht sind.The program sequence of a household dishwasher can be adapted to the type and amount of items to be washed. For this purpose, ultrasound transmitters S 1 , S 2 and receivers E 1 , E 2 , E 3 are arranged within their working container. A pair of transmitters / receivers is arranged at the level of each of the two crockery baskets 3, 5. The arrangement of transmitter S 1 or S 2 and receiver E 1 or E 2 takes place both for the upper basket 3 and for the lower basket 5 in the corner areas of the working container, so that transmitter S 1 , S 2 and receiver E 1 , E 2 face each other in pairs diagonally. Another ultrasound receiver E 3 is located at a height between the two crockery baskets 3, 5 in a further corner area of the working container 1. The transmitters S 1 , S 2 and receiver E 3 are attached to a common side of the working container. This side is preferably parallel to flat pieces of crockery which are introduced vertically into the crockery baskets 3, 5.

Zu Beginn eines jeden Spülprogrammes wird unmittelbar nach dem Starten des Gerätes eine Beladungsmessung durchgeführt. Dazu sendet bei geschlossenem Arbeitsbehälter 1 zunächst der dem oberen Geschirrkorb 3 zugeordnete Ultraschall-Sender S1 ein impulsartiges Signal aus. Dieses Signal wird von dem ebenfalls dem oberen Geschirrkorb 3 zugeordneten und den Sender S1 diagonal gegenüberliegenden Empfänger E1 abgeschwächt empfangen, wobei der Intensitätsverlust von der Dichte der Beladung abhängt. Teilweise wird das Signal jedoch von den Spülgut-Gegenständen im Geschirrkorb 3 reflektiert. Diese reflektierten Signale erreichen bei einfacher Reflexion den Empfänger E3. Ein mehrfach reflektiertes Signal wird dagegen von den Empfängern E1 und E2 aufgenommen, wobei sich im Vergleich zu einem direkt bei E1 ankommenden Signal eine zeitlich Verzögerung ergibt. At the beginning of each washing program, a load measurement is carried out immediately after the device is started. For this purpose, when the work container 1 is closed, the ultrasound transmitter S 1 assigned to the upper crockery basket 3 first emits a pulse-like signal. This signal is received by the receiver E 1, which is also assigned to the upper crockery basket 3 and is diagonally opposite the transmitter S 1 , the loss of intensity depending on the density of the load. In part, however, the signal is reflected by the items to be washed in the crockery basket 3. With simple reflection, these reflected signals reach the receiver E 3 . A multiply reflected signal, on the other hand, is received by the receivers E 1 and E 2 , with a time delay compared to a signal arriving directly at E 1 .

Ist das vom Empfänger E3 empfangene Signal von einer hohen Intensität, so läßt dies auf eine hohe Beladungsdichte schließen. Wird dagegen vom Empfänger E1 ein starkes direktes Signal empfangen, so befinden sich wenig Spülgutteile im Oberkorb 3. Somit ergibt sich durch das Verhältnis von direkt empfangenem Signal zu einfach reflektiertem Signal ein Hinweis auf die Beladungsdichte.If the signal received by the receiver E 3 is of a high intensity, this indicates a high loading density. If, on the other hand, a strong direct signal is received by the receiver E 1 , there are few washware parts in the upper basket 3. Thus, the ratio of the directly received signal to the simply reflected signal gives an indication of the loading density.

Eine derartige Beladungserkennung verhilft aber auch zu einer Aussage über die Art der eingebrachten Spülgutteile. Diese läßt sich aus der Summe der von den drei Empfängern aufgenommenen Signale ermitteln. Bei einem hohen Anteil von Geschirrteilen aus Kunststoff wird von diesen Geschirrteilen ein großer Anteil der Intensität des vom Sender S1 emittierten Signales absorbiert. Porzellan- und Metallteile dagegen reflektieren den größten Teil eines auftreffenden Signals, so daß eine Abschwächung des Signals nur in geringem Maße stattfindet.Such a load detection also helps to make a statement about the type of washware parts introduced. This can be determined from the sum of the signals received by the three receivers. In the case of a high proportion of plastic tableware parts, a large proportion of the intensity of the signal emitted by the transmitter S 1 is absorbed by these tableware parts. Porcelain and metal parts, on the other hand, reflect most of an incident signal, so that the signal is only slightly attenuated.

Nachdem die Beladung des oberen Geschirrkorbs 3 durch Aussenden von einem oder mehreren Signalen vom oberen Sender S2 erfaßt worden ist, erfolgt die gleiche Messung am unteren Geschirrkorb 5 durch Aussenden eines oder mehrerer Ultraschall-Impulse durch den dem unteren Geschirrkorb 5 zugeordneten Sender S2. In diesem Fall nimmt der dem Sender S2 diagonal gegenüberliegende untere Empfänger E2 den überwiegenden Teil der direkt durch den unteren Geschirrkorb 5 hindurchtretenden Signale auf. Einfach reflektierte Signale gelangen ebenfalls zum Empfänger E3, mehrfach reflektierte Signale werden wiederum nach zeitlicher Verzögerung den Empfängern E2 und E1 zugeleitet. After the loading of the upper crockery basket 3 has been detected by emitting one or more signals from the upper transmitter S 2 , the same measurement is carried out on the lower crockery basket 5 by emitting one or more ultrasound pulses by the transmitter S 2 assigned to the lower crockery basket 5. In this case, taking the transmitter S to the major part of the direct light passing through the lower basket 5 signals 2 diagonally opposite lower receiver E. 2 Single-reflected signals also arrive at the receiver E 3 , and multiple-reflected signals are in turn forwarded to the receivers E 2 and E 1 after a time delay.

Bei einer weiteren, nicht dargestellten Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind die beiden Sender/Empfänger-Paare E1, S1 bzw. E2, S2 auf den beiden einander gegenüberliegenden Seitenwänden des Arbeitsbehälters unmittelbar im Bereich einer Beschickungsöffnung vorgesehen. In diesem Fall erfolgt die Beladungsmessung unmittelbar beim Einschieben des jeweiligen beladenen Geschirrkorbes 3 bzw. 5. Hierbei wird während des Einschubvorganges die Intensität der empfangenen Signale als zeitliche Funktion aufgenommen, so daß auf diese Weise die gesamte Geschirrkorbfläche abgetastet wird.In a further embodiment of the invention, not shown, the two transmitter / receiver pairs E 1 , S 1 and E 2 , S 2 are provided on the two opposite side walls of the working container directly in the area of a loading opening. In this case, the load measurement takes place immediately when the respective loaded crockery basket 3 or 5 is inserted. Here, the intensity of the signals received is recorded as a function of time during the insertion process, so that the entire crockery basket surface is scanned in this way.

Claims (12)

Geschirrspülmaschine zum Spülen von Spülgut, mit wenigstens einem Sensor und/oder einem Meßmittel zum Ermitteln der Art und/oder der Menge des Spülgutes, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß von dem wenigstens einen Sensor (E1, E2, E3) bzw. Meßmittel elektromagnetische Wellen und/oder Schallwellen und/oder eine elektrische Kapazität eines Arbeitsbehälters (1) erkennbar sind.Dishwasher for washing dishes, with at least one sensor and / or a measuring means for determining the type and / or the amount of the items to be washed, characterized in that the at least one sensor (E 1 , E 2 , E 3 ) or measuring means is electromagnetic Waves and / or sound waves and / or an electrical capacity of a work container (1) are recognizable. Geschirrspülmaschine nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Spülgut in einem Arbeitsbehälter (1) anordenbar ist, wobei der Arbeitsbehälter (1) mindestens einen Sender (S1, S2) und mindestens einen Empfänger (E1, E2, E3) von Schall- und/oder elektromagnetischen Wellen umfaßt.Dishwasher according to claim 1, characterized in that the wash ware can be arranged in a work container (1), the work container (1) having at least one transmitter (S 1 , S 2 ) and at least one receiver (E 1 , E 2 , E 3 ) of sound and / or electromagnetic waves. Geschirrspülmaschine nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Sender (S1, S2) und Empfänger (E1, E2, E3) innerhalb des Arbeitsbehälters (1) in großem Abstand voneinander angebracht sind.Dishwasher according to claim 2, characterized in that the transmitter (S 1 , S 2 ) and receiver (E 1 , E 2 , E 3 ) are arranged within the working container (1) at a large distance from one another. Geschirrspülmaschine nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Sender (S1, S2) und ein Empfänger (E1, E2) gemeinsam auf einer Raumdiagonalen des Arbeitsbehälters (1) liegen.Dishwasher according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that a transmitter (S 1 , S 2 ) and a receiver (E 1 , E 2 ) lie together on a space diagonal of the working container (1). Geschirrspülmaschine nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Sender (S1, S2) und ein Empfänger (E1, E2) gemeinsam auf der Diagonalen einer zum Boden des Arbeitsbehälters (1) parallelen Fläche liegen. Dishwasher according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that a transmitter (S 1 , S 2 ) and a receiver (E 1 , E 2 ) lie together on the diagonal of a surface parallel to the bottom of the working container (1). Geschirrspülmaschine nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Arbeitsbehälter (1) aus einem nicht-metallischen Werkstoff ist und daß an zwei, einander gegenüberliegenden Wänden des Arbeitsbehälters (1) je eine Elektrode eines Elektrodenpaares angeordnet ist, wodurch die elektrische Kapazität des sich zwischen den Elektroden ausgebildeten Zwischenraumes meßbar ist.Dishwasher according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the working container (1) is a non-metallic material and that on two, opposite walls of the work container (1) one electrode each of a pair of electrodes is what causes the electrical capacity of the the gap between the electrodes is measurable. Verfahren zur Ermittlung der Art und/oder der Menge eines Spülgutes in einer Geschirrspülmaschine, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Sensor (E1, E2, E3) und/oder ein Meßmittel elektromagnetische Wellen und/oder Schallwellen und/oder eine elektrische Kapazität eines Arbeitsbehälters (1) erkennt.Method for determining the type and / or the quantity of a wash ware in a dishwasher, characterized in that a sensor (E 1 , E 2 , E 3 ) and / or a measuring means electromagnetic waves and / or sound waves and / or an electrical capacity of a Work container (1) recognizes. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens ein Sender (S1, S2) Schall- und/oder elektromagnetische Signale in einen das Spülgut fassenden Arbeitsbehälter (1) aussendet, welche von mindestens einem Empfänger (E1, E2, E3) für Schall- und/oder elektromagnetische Wellen aufgenommen werden.Method according to Claim 7, characterized in that at least one transmitter (S 1 , S 2 ) emits sound and / or electromagnetic signals into a working container (1) which holds the wash ware and which is sent by at least one receiver (E 1 , E 2 , E 3 ) be recorded for sound and / or electromagnetic waves. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Signale impulsartig sind.A method according to claim 8, characterized in that the signals are pulse-like. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8 oder 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß von einer Auswerteeinheit der zeitliche Verlauf der von dem oder den Empfängern (E1, E2, E3) empfangenen Signale registriert wird. Method according to Claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the time course of the signals received by the receiver or receivers (E 1 , E 2 , E 3 ) is registered by an evaluation unit. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Elektrodenpaar, das einen Arbeitsbehälter (1) der Geschirrspülmaschine an zwei Seiten eingrenzt, die sich durch diese Anordnung gebildete elektrische Kapazität mißt, wobei eine Differenzkapazität ermittelt wird, die sich aus einer Messung ohne Beladung des Arbeitsbehälters und einer Messung mit zu analysierender Beladung ergibt.Method according to one of claims 7 to 10, characterized characterized in that a pair of electrodes holding a working container (1) the dishwasher on two sides limited, which is formed by this arrangement measures electrical capacitance, being a differential capacitance is determined, which results from a measurement without loading of the working container and a measurement with analyzing load results. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Spülprogramm in Abhängigkeit der vom Sensor (E1, E2, E3) und/oder vom Meßmittel erfaßten Signale bzw. Meßwerte beeinflußt wird.Method according to one of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that a washing program is influenced as a function of the signals or measured values detected by the sensor (E 1 , E 2 , E 3 ) and / or by the measuring means.
EP98120202A 1998-03-20 1998-10-24 Dishwasher and method for operating the latter Expired - Lifetime EP0943287B1 (en)

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DE19812230A1 (en) 1999-09-23
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