EP0105052A1 - Cold store - Google Patents

Cold store Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0105052A1
EP0105052A1 EP82109073A EP82109073A EP0105052A1 EP 0105052 A1 EP0105052 A1 EP 0105052A1 EP 82109073 A EP82109073 A EP 82109073A EP 82109073 A EP82109073 A EP 82109073A EP 0105052 A1 EP0105052 A1 EP 0105052A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
temperature
cold
cold store
store according
refrigerators
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EP82109073A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0105052B1 (en
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Kurt Thalheimer
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to AT82109073T priority Critical patent/ATE29290T1/en
Priority to DE8282109073T priority patent/DE3277128D1/en
Priority to EP82109073A priority patent/EP0105052B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D17/00—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
    • F25D17/005—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces in cold rooms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D13/00—Stationary devices, e.g. cold-rooms

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cold store for storing goods at a temperature lower than the ambient temperature, in particular for the temporary cold storage of food.
  • Cold stores with large cold rooms of the type described above are used as distribution centers for chilled food for short-term storage and preparation of goods.
  • the delivered goods are cooled down in order to delay the biochemical conversions and the growth of microorganisms to an ideal cooling temperature for the respective food, the relative humidity being adapted accordingly to the goods to be cooled so that drying out or spoilage of the goods is prevented.
  • the goods are put together individually according to the corresponding orders from the individual grocery stores, food product manufacturers or processing plants and delivered to the customers by refrigerated trucks.
  • the cold store In known cold stores, the cold store is divided into individual rooms by means of fixed partition walls, each of which has an optimal temperature and air humidity for the goods to be stored.
  • This fixed subdivision of the cold store into individual cold stores has the disadvantage that the cold store must be designed from the start for a certain storage capacity for the respective goods, since subsequent enlargement or reduction of the respective cold store is not possible without expensive conversions.
  • long storage and Preservation time i.e. in transit warehouses in which the refrigerated goods are stored and prepared for goods preparation
  • rigid dividing and insulating walls is unfavorable for a profitable workflow. It cannot be predicted which goods will need to be temporarily stored in which quantities.
  • the cold stores sectioned off by rigid walls do not permit rapid retrofitting of storage racks and access routes for forklift trucks and the like, since the arrangement of door openings and the associated air locks is predetermined.
  • the invention is therefore based on the issue of creating a cold store of the type mentioned at the outset, in which the individual temperature and humidity ranges can be adapted to the respective storage capacity of the individual foods, and which enables a simple redesign of the storage devices, so that the workflow is profitable .
  • a cold store which essentially has a single cold store or a single large cold store, in which the individual storage devices such as racks or the like are arranged for receiving the goods to be cooled.
  • the large cold room is subdivided into individual temperature zones with the aid of controllable separating devices, zones being arranged next to one another with increasing temperature, so that there is an essentially continuous temperature gradient from one cold store wall to the opposite cold store wall.
  • Both Separation devices can be refrigerators that are arranged on supporting frames in the ceiling area of the large cold storage room and generate cold air that either falls down automatically due to gravity and thus delimits the zone around the ceiling cooler or is distributed by air circulation fans.
  • a central cooling generator can be provided which is connected to air guiding devices which ensure that adjacent cooling zones are separated from one another by cold air curtains.
  • the system according to the invention gives the user the possibility of adapting and increasing or reducing the storage volume to the respective conditions by spreading out in a previously delimited zone and adapting the respective newly created zone to the corresponding temperature conditions individually.
  • the temperature zone is delimited by the cold air itself, which emerges from the ceiling cooling units, whereby a natural air curtain is created by the slow sinking of the cold air. This air curtain can be penetrated at any point by the cold store personnel or forklift vehicles, so that the arrangement of the stacking devices is also variable according to the temperature zones.
  • the order of the temperature and humidity zones can be changed as desired, since the ceiling cooling system is designed so that each temperature zone can be controlled individually.
  • the large cold room 2 shown in FIG. 1 of the cold store 1 provided with the loading ramps 3 and 4 serves for the storage of food or other products to be cooled under approximately ideal temperature and humidity conditions.
  • the large cold room is not divided by walls, as was previously the case. Rather, several refrigerators 6 are arranged on the ceiling 5, the distances from one another being chosen such that the laterally emerging cold air curtains overlap one another, so that each of the five zones I to V shown in the drawing is separated by cold air curtains.
  • the cold air emerging from the cooling generators 6 forms a natural air curtain during the slow sinking.
  • zone I on the left in the figure has a temperature level of 0 ° C.
  • zone II on the right in the figure has a temperature level of + 4 ° C.
  • a mixing zone results, the temperature value of which corresponds to the mean value between the temperatures of the core zones of the two adjacent zones, in this case +2 ° C.
  • the refrigeration devices 6 are connected to one another by line systems and can be controlled individually, so that each zone can be operated in a different temperature range.
  • zone I can be merged with zone II by appropriately controlling the zone II refrigerators at 0 ° C, so that the zones are individually connected to the Storage requirements are customizable.
  • the order of the zones can be changed accordingly, although care must be taken to ensure that the temperature differences between the zones are kept as small as possible.
  • Ceiling cooling units that contain either static cooling elements, that is, heat exchangers without dynamic air charging by additional fans, are used as refrigerators, so that the cold air generated by these cooling elements automatically falls down by natural gravity and thus causes a corresponding delimitation of the respective temperature zone.
  • a refrigeration medium of -7 C is generated, for example.
  • This refrigerant which can be formed, for example, by a gaseous or liquid refrigerant, is fed via a pipeline 8 to a distribution channel 9.
  • the supply lines 10 of the refrigeration devices 6 of the individual temperature zones connect to this distribution channel 9. While the upper feed line 10 in the drawing is connected directly to a refrigeration generator 6, a feed chamber 10a is connected to a mixing chamber 11 into which the flow line 12 and the return line 13 open.
  • the flow line 12 is in turn connected to a distribution channel 14 to which the individual refrigeration devices 6 are connected.
  • a pump 15 is provided in the return line 13.
  • the return line 16 is also connected to the mixing chamber 11, said return line being connected to the collecting duct 17, into which the return line 18 with the pump 19 arranged therein opens.
  • the return line 18 is connected to the refrigeration center 7.
  • three-way valves 20 and 21 are provided in the pipes 8 and 10a, which establish a connection to the return lines 18 and 16 via the lines 22 and 23, respectively.
  • Temperature sensors 24 and 25 monitor the inlet temperature into the distribution channels 9 and 14, respectively, and ensure that the three-way valves 20 and 21 are controlled accordingly.
  • the refrigeration center 7 generates a uniform temperature level in the refrigeration medium, which can be air, for example, of -7 ° C.
  • This cooling medium can be used to cool down the temperature in zone I immediately.
  • the cooling medium can be passed into a mixing chamber 11, where mixing with the warmed up cooling medium supplied via the ' return line 13 takes place until the desired temperature level, for example -5 ° C., in the supply line 12 is reached.
  • the cooling medium cooled down to -5 ° C. can then be fed to the cooling generators 6 of zone II. Accordingly, the temperature generation in zones III to V is achieved.
  • the individual refrigeration production per zone enables individual regulation of the flow temperature.
  • a central cooling generator Refrigeration medium with constant flow temperature is generated, which corresponds to the flow temperature of the coldest zone.
  • a temperature adjustment can take place fully automatically using suitable temperature valves through heat exchangers or mixing tanks. Maintaining the constant flow temperature for the refrigerators in the different zones can be controlled fully automatically by valves installed in the refrigeration circuit.
  • defrosting devices In order to be able to defrost the refrigeration devices after icing, known defrosting devices are provided which are effective at certain time intervals. These defrosting devices can, for example, be supplied with circulating air as a heat carrier or have built-in heating systems.
  • Air humidifiers can also be arranged between or next to the refrigerators, in particular in the areas in which fresh vegetables are stored. It is also conceivable that the cooling generators and humidifiers are movably mounted on rails so that they can be moved along the ceiling 5 of the large cooling room 2 or can be lowered under certain circumstances in order to individually reduce or design the space delimited by the cold air curtain .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cold Air Circulating Systems And Constructional Details In Refrigerators (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)

Abstract

1. Cold store (1) for storing goods at a temperature below ambient temperature, e.g. for temporary cold storing of food, said cold store (1) being divided, by separation means in the form of refrigerators (6) disposed on the ceiling of the cold store, into a plurality of zones (I, II, III, IV, V) having different temperature and air humidity conditions, characterised in that the refrigerators (6) are disposed movable so that their positions within the room may be varied.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Kühlhaus zur Lagerung von Gütern bei einer tieferen Temperatur als der Umgebungstemperatur, insbesondere zur zeitweiligen Kühllagerung von Lebensmitteln.The invention relates to a cold store for storing goods at a temperature lower than the ambient temperature, in particular for the temporary cold storage of food.

Kühlhäuser mit Großkühlräumen der vorbeschriebenen Art finden als Verteilerzentralen für gekühlte Lebensmittel zur kurzfristigen Lagerung und Warenvorbereitung Verwendung. Die angelieferte Ware wird zur Verzögerung der biochemischen Umsetzungen und des Wachstums von Mikroorganismen auf eine für das jeweilige Lebensmittel ideale Kühltemperatur heruntergekühlt, wobei die relative Luftfeuchtigkeit dem Kühlgut entsprechend angepaßt ist, damit ein Austrocknen beziehungsweise der Verderb der Waren verhindert wird. In der Verteilerzentrale wird die Ware nach den entsprechenden Bestellungen der einzelnen Lebensmittelgeschäfte, Lebensmittelprodukthersteller oder Verarbeitungsbetriebe individuell zusammengestellt und den Bestellern mittels Kühllastwagen zugestellt.Cold stores with large cold rooms of the type described above are used as distribution centers for chilled food for short-term storage and preparation of goods. The delivered goods are cooled down in order to delay the biochemical conversions and the growth of microorganisms to an ideal cooling temperature for the respective food, the relative humidity being adapted accordingly to the goods to be cooled so that drying out or spoilage of the goods is prevented. In the distribution center, the goods are put together individually according to the corresponding orders from the individual grocery stores, food product manufacturers or processing plants and delivered to the customers by refrigerated trucks.

Bei bekannten Kühlhäusern ist die Kühlhalle mittels fester Zwischenwände in einzelne Räume unterteilt, in denen jeweils eine optimale Temperatur und Luftfeuchtigkeit für das zu lagernde Kühlgut vorhanden ist. Diese feste Unterteilung des Kühlhauses in einzelne Kühlräume bringt den Nachteil mit sich, daß das Kühlhaus von Anfang an auf eine bestimmte Lagerkapazität für die jeweiligen Waren ausgelegt sein muß, da eine spätere Vergrößerung oder Verkleinerung des jeweiligen Kühlraumes ohne aufwendige Umbauten nicht möglich ist. In denjenigen Fällen, in denen eine lange Lager- und Konservierungszeit nicht notwendig ist, das heißt bei Durchgangslagern, in denen das Kühlgut gelagert und zur Warenvorbereitung vorgesehen ist, ist eine strenge Abtrennung der Lagerbereiche mit den verschiedenen Temperatur- und Feuchtigkeitsbedingungen mittels starrer Trenn- und Isolierwände für einen rentablen Arbeitsablauf ungünstig. Es kann nämlich nicht vorausberechnet werden, welche Waren in welchen Mengen vorübergehend gelagert werden müssen. Ferner lassen die durch starre Wände abgegliederten Kühlhäuser eine schnelle Umrüstung von Lagergestellen und Zufahrtswegen für Gabelstapler und dergleichen nicht zu, da die Anordnung von Türöffnungen und den dazugehörigen Luftschleusen vorgegeben ist.In known cold stores, the cold store is divided into individual rooms by means of fixed partition walls, each of which has an optimal temperature and air humidity for the goods to be stored. This fixed subdivision of the cold store into individual cold stores has the disadvantage that the cold store must be designed from the start for a certain storage capacity for the respective goods, since subsequent enlargement or reduction of the respective cold store is not possible without expensive conversions. In those cases where long storage and Preservation time is not necessary, i.e. in transit warehouses in which the refrigerated goods are stored and prepared for goods preparation, strict separation of the storage areas with the various temperature and humidity conditions using rigid dividing and insulating walls is unfavorable for a profitable workflow. It cannot be predicted which goods will need to be temporarily stored in which quantities. Furthermore, the cold stores sectioned off by rigid walls do not permit rapid retrofitting of storage racks and access routes for forklift trucks and the like, since the arrangement of door openings and the associated air locks is predetermined.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Ausgabe zugrunde, ein Kühlhaus der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, bei welchem die einzelnen Temperatur- und Feuchtigkeitsbereiche an die jeweilige Lagerkapazität der einzelnen Lebensmittel anpaßbar sind, und welches eine einfache Umgestaltung der Lagervorrichtungen ermöglicht, so daß der Arbeitsablauf rentabilisiert wird.The invention is therefore based on the issue of creating a cold store of the type mentioned at the outset, in which the individual temperature and humidity ranges can be adapted to the respective storage capacity of the individual foods, and which enables a simple redesign of the storage devices, so that the workflow is profitable .

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die im Kennzeichen des Anspruches 1 angegebenen Merkmale gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.This object is achieved by the features specified in the characterizing part of claim 1. Advantageous refinements result from the subclaims.

Gemäß der Erfindung wird ein Kühlhaus vorgeschlagen, welches im wesentlichen eine einzige Kühlhalle oder einen einzigen Großkühlraum aufweist, in dem die einzelnen Lagereinrichtungen wie Gestelle oder dergleichen zur Aufnahme der zu kühlenden Waren angeordnet sind. Der Großkühlraum ist mit Hilfe von steuerbaren Trenneinrichtungen in einzelne Temperaturzonen unterteilt, wobei Zonen mit zunehmender Temperatur nebeneinander angeordnet sind, so daß sich ein im wesentlichen kontinuierliches Temperaturgefälle von einer Kühlhauswand zur gegenüberliegenden Kühlhauswand ergibt. Bei den Trenneinrichtungen kann es sich um Kälteerzeuger handeln, die auf Traggestellen im Deckenbereich des Großkühlraumes angeordnet sind und Kaltluft erzeugen, welche entweder durch Schwerkraft automatisch nach unten fällt und so die Zone um den Deckenkühler abgrenzt oder mittels Umluftgebläsen verteilt wird. Andererseits kann ein zentraler Kälteerzeuger vorgesehen sein, der mit Luftleiteinrichtungen in Verbindung steht, welche dafür sorgen, daß benachbarte Kühlzonen durch Kaltluftschleier voneinander getrennt werden.According to the invention, a cold store is proposed which essentially has a single cold store or a single large cold store, in which the individual storage devices such as racks or the like are arranged for receiving the goods to be cooled. The large cold room is subdivided into individual temperature zones with the aid of controllable separating devices, zones being arranged next to one another with increasing temperature, so that there is an essentially continuous temperature gradient from one cold store wall to the opposite cold store wall. Both Separation devices can be refrigerators that are arranged on supporting frames in the ceiling area of the large cold storage room and generate cold air that either falls down automatically due to gravity and thus delimits the zone around the ceiling cooler or is distributed by air circulation fans. On the other hand, a central cooling generator can be provided which is connected to air guiding devices which ensure that adjacent cooling zones are separated from one another by cold air curtains.

Zur Trennung der Temperatur- und Feuchtigkeitszonen des Großkühlraumes werden daher starr eingebaute Trennwände oder sonstige mechanische Trennungen nicht benötigt. Das erfindungsgemäße System gibt dem Anwender die Möglichkeit, das Lagervolumen den jeweiligen Bedingungen anzupassen und zu vergrößern oder zu verkleinert, indem er sich in einer vorher abgegrenzten Zone ausbreitet und die jeweilige neu erstellte Zone den entsprechenden Temperaturbedingungen individuell anpaßt. Die Temperaturzonenabgrenzung erfolgt dabei durch die Kaltluft selbst, die aus den Deckenkühlgeräten austritt, wobei durch das langsame Absinken der Kaltluft ein natürlicher Luftschleier entsteht. Dieser Luftschleier kann an beliebiger Stelle durch das Kühlhauspersonal oder Staplerfahrzeuge durchdrungen werden, so daß auch die Anordnung der Stapelvorrichtungen entsprechend den Temperaturzonen variabel ist. Ferner läßt sich die Rangordnung der Temperatur- und Feuchtigkeitszonen beliebig verändern, da das Deckenkühlsystem so ausgelegt ist, daß jede Temperaturzone individuell steuerbar ist.Rigid partition walls or other mechanical separations are therefore not required to separate the temperature and humidity zones of the large cold storage room. The system according to the invention gives the user the possibility of adapting and increasing or reducing the storage volume to the respective conditions by spreading out in a previously delimited zone and adapting the respective newly created zone to the corresponding temperature conditions individually. The temperature zone is delimited by the cold air itself, which emerges from the ceiling cooling units, whereby a natural air curtain is created by the slow sinking of the cold air. This air curtain can be penetrated at any point by the cold store personnel or forklift vehicles, so that the arrangement of the stacking devices is also variable according to the temperature zones. Furthermore, the order of the temperature and humidity zones can be changed as desired, since the ceiling cooling system is designed so that each temperature zone can be controlled individually.

Weitere Merkmale, Einzelheiten und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels anhand der Zeichnung.Further features, details and advantages of the invention result from the following description of a preferred exemplary embodiment with reference to the drawing.

Darin zeigen:

  • Figur 1 eine schematische Horizontalschnittansicht durch das Kühlhaus;
  • Figur 2 eine Schnittansicht entlang der Linie II-II;
  • Figur 3 ein schematischesBlockschaltbild für das Deckenkühlsystem.
In it show:
  • Figure 1 is a schematic horizontal sectional view through the cold store;
  • Figure 2 is a sectional view taken along the line II-II;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic block diagram for the ceiling cooling system.

Der in der Figur 1 dargestellte Großkühlraum 2 des mit den Laderampen 3 und 4 versehenen Kühlhauses 1 dient zur Lagerung von zu kühlenden Lebensmitteln oder anderen Produkten unter annähernd idealen Temperatur- und Luftfeuchtigkeitsbedingungen. Der Großkühlraum ist nicht durch Wände unterteilt, wie dies früher üblich war. Vielmehr sind an der Decke 5 mehrere Kälteerzeuger 6 angeordnet, wobei die Abstände zueinander derart gewählt sind, daß die seitlich austretenden Kaltluftschleier sich gegenseitig überschneiden, so daß jede der in der Zeichnung eingezeichneten fünf Zonen I bis V durch Kaltluftschleier abgetrennt ist. Die aus den Kälteerzeugern 6 austretende Kaltluft bildet während des langsamen Absinkens einen natürlichen Luftschleier.The large cold room 2 shown in FIG. 1 of the cold store 1 provided with the loading ramps 3 and 4 serves for the storage of food or other products to be cooled under approximately ideal temperature and humidity conditions. The large cold room is not divided by walls, as was previously the case. Rather, several refrigerators 6 are arranged on the ceiling 5, the distances from one another being chosen such that the laterally emerging cold air curtains overlap one another, so that each of the five zones I to V shown in the drawing is separated by cold air curtains. The cold air emerging from the cooling generators 6 forms a natural air curtain during the slow sinking.

Anhand der Figur 2 ist zu erkennen, daß die in der Figur - linke Zone I ein Temperaturniveau von O °C aufweist, während die in der Figur rechte Zone II-ein Temperaturniveau von +4°C aufweist. Entsprechend ergibt sich bei der Berührung der beiden Kaltluftschleier der Kälteerzeuger 6' beziehungsweise 6" eine Mischzone, deren Temperaturwert den Mittelwert zwischen den Temperaturen der Kernzonen der beiden benachbarten Zonen entspricht, in diesem Falle +2 °C.It can be seen from FIG. 2 that zone I on the left in the figure has a temperature level of 0 ° C., while zone II on the right in the figure has a temperature level of + 4 ° C. Correspondingly, when the two cold air curtains of the cooling generators 6 ′ or 6 ″ are touched, a mixing zone results, the temperature value of which corresponds to the mean value between the temperatures of the core zones of the two adjacent zones, in this case +2 ° C.

Die Kälteerzeuger 6 sind untereinander durch Leitungssysteme verbunden und individuell steuerbar, so daß jede Zone in einem anderen Temperaturbereich gefahren werden kann. So läßt sich zum Beispiel durch eine entsprechende Steuerung der Kälteerzeuger der Zone II auf O °C die Zone I mit der Zone II zusammenlegen, so daß die Zonen individuell an den Lagerbedarf anpaßbar sind. Entsprechend läßt sich auch die Rangordnung der Zonen verändern, wobei allerdings darauf zu achten ist, daß die Temperaturdifferenzen zwischen den Zonen möglichst klein gehalten werden.The refrigeration devices 6 are connected to one another by line systems and can be controlled individually, so that each zone can be operated in a different temperature range. For example, zone I can be merged with zone II by appropriately controlling the zone II refrigerators at 0 ° C, so that the zones are individually connected to the Storage requirements are customizable. The order of the zones can be changed accordingly, although care must be taken to ensure that the temperature differences between the zones are kept as small as possible.

Als Kälteerzeuger finden Deckenkühlgeräte Verwendung, die entweder statische Kühlelemente enthalten, das heißt Wärmeaustauscher ohne dynamische Luftbeschickung durch zusätzliche Ventilatoren, so daß die von diesen Kühlelementen erzeugte kalte Luft durch natürliche Schwerkraft automatisch nach unten fällt und damit eine entsprechende Abgrenzung der jeweiligen Temperaturzone hervorruft.Ceiling cooling units that contain either static cooling elements, that is, heat exchangers without dynamic air charging by additional fans, are used as refrigerators, so that the cold air generated by these cooling elements automatically falls down by natural gravity and thus causes a corresponding delimitation of the respective temperature zone.

Zur Verringerung der Oberfläche der statischen Deckenkühler ist es auch denkbar, dynamische Umluftsysteme vorzusehen, zum Beispiel Ventilatoren, die die Umluft ansaugen und durch die Wärmetauscher leiten, ohne daß dadurch eine große Turbulenz im Kühlbereich hervorgerufen wird.In order to reduce the surface area of the static ceiling coolers, it is also conceivable to provide dynamic air circulation systems, for example fans, which draw in the air and direct it through the heat exchanger without causing great turbulence in the cooling area.

Schließlich ist es auch denkbar, eine zentrale Luftaufbereitung vorzusehen und die Luft durch Deckenluftkanäle zu verteilen, um die Kaltluft dann über Lüftungsgitter in die verschiedenen Zonengrenzbereiche einzublasen.Finally, it is also conceivable to provide central air treatment and to distribute the air through ceiling air ducts in order to then blow the cold air into the various zone boundary areas via ventilation grilles.

In der Figur 3 ist'nun ein Blockschaltbild gezeigt, bei wel-. chem in einer Kältezentrale 7, die außerhalb des Großkühlraumes 2 angeordnet sein kann, ein Kältemedium zum Beispiel von -7 C erzeugt wird. Dieses Kältemedium, das zum Beispiel von einem gasförmigen oder flüssigen Kälteträger gebildet sein kann, wird über eine Rohrleitung 8 einem Verteilerkanal 9 zugeleitet. An diesen Verteilerkanal 9 schließen sich die Vorlaufleitungen 10 der Kälteerzeuger 6 der einzelnen Temperaturzonen an. Während die in der Zeichnung obere Vorlaufleitung 10 unmittelbar mit einem Kälteerzeuger6 verbunden ist, schließt sich an die Vorlaufleitung 10a eine Mischkammer 11 an, in welche die Vorlaufleitung 12 sowie die Rücklaufleitung 13 einmünden. Die Vorlaufleitung 12 ist wiederum mit einem Verteilerkanal 14 verbunden, an welchen die einzelnen Kälteerzeuger 6 angeschlossen sind. In der Rücklaufleitung 13 ist eine Pumpe 15 vorgesehen. An die Mischkammer 11 ist ferner die Rücklaufleitung 16 angeschlossen, welche mit dem Sammelkanal 17 in Verbindung steht, in den seinerseits die Rücklaufleitung 18 mit der darin angeordneten Pumpe 19 einmündet. Die Rücklaufleitung 18 ist mit der Kältezentrale 7 verbunden. Schließlich sind in den Rohrleitungen 8 und 10a Dreiwegeventile 20 beziehungsweise 21 vorgesehen, welche über die Leitungen 22 beziehungsweise 23 eine Verbindung zu den Rücklaufleitungen 18 beziehungsweise 16 herstellen. Temperaturfühler 24 beziehungsweise 25 überwachen die Eintrittstemperatur in die Verteilerkanäle 9 beziehungsweise 14 und sorgen für eine entsprechend Steuerung der Dreiwegeventile 20 beziehungsweise 21.In the Figure 3 'a block diagram is now shown in WEL. chem in a refrigeration center 7, which can be arranged outside the large cold room 2, a refrigeration medium of -7 C is generated, for example. This refrigerant, which can be formed, for example, by a gaseous or liquid refrigerant, is fed via a pipeline 8 to a distribution channel 9. The supply lines 10 of the refrigeration devices 6 of the individual temperature zones connect to this distribution channel 9. While the upper feed line 10 in the drawing is connected directly to a refrigeration generator 6, a feed chamber 10a is connected to a mixing chamber 11 into which the flow line 12 and the return line 13 open. The flow line 12 is in turn connected to a distribution channel 14 to which the individual refrigeration devices 6 are connected. A pump 15 is provided in the return line 13. The return line 16 is also connected to the mixing chamber 11, said return line being connected to the collecting duct 17, into which the return line 18 with the pump 19 arranged therein opens. The return line 18 is connected to the refrigeration center 7. Finally, three-way valves 20 and 21 are provided in the pipes 8 and 10a, which establish a connection to the return lines 18 and 16 via the lines 22 and 23, respectively. Temperature sensors 24 and 25 monitor the inlet temperature into the distribution channels 9 and 14, respectively, and ensure that the three-way valves 20 and 21 are controlled accordingly.

Bei dem in Figur 3 beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiel erzeugt die Kältezentrale 7 ein einheitliches Temperaturniveau im Kältemedium, das zum Beispiel Luft sein kann, von -7 °C. Dieses Kältemedium kann zum Herunterkühlen der Temperatur in der Zone I unmittelbar verwendet werden. Für die Erzeugung des Temperaturniveaus in der Zone II kann das Kältemedium in eine Mischkammer 11 geleitet werden, wo eine Vermischung mit dem über'die'Rücklaufleitung 13 zugeführten aufgewärmten Kältemedium stattfindet, bis in der Vorlaufleitung 12 das gewünschte Temperaturniveau, zum Beispiel -5 °C erreicht ist. Das auf -5 °C heruntergekühlte Kältemedium kann dann den Kälteerzeugern 6 der Zone II zugeführt werden. Entsprechend wird die Temperaturerzeugung in den Zonen III bis V erreicht.In the exemplary embodiment described in FIG. 3, the refrigeration center 7 generates a uniform temperature level in the refrigeration medium, which can be air, for example, of -7 ° C. This cooling medium can be used to cool down the temperature in zone I immediately. To generate the temperature level in zone II, the cooling medium can be passed into a mixing chamber 11, where mixing with the warmed up cooling medium supplied via the ' return line 13 takes place until the desired temperature level, for example -5 ° C., in the supply line 12 is reached. The cooling medium cooled down to -5 ° C. can then be fed to the cooling generators 6 of zone II. Accordingly, the temperature generation in zones III to V is achieved.

Die individuelle Kälteproduktion pro Zone ermöglicht eine individuelle Regulierung der Vorlauftemperatur. Es ist jedoch auch denkbar, daß über einen zentralen Kälteerzeuger ein Kältemedium mit konstanter Vorlauftemperatur erzeugt wird, welches der Vorlauftemperatur der kältesten Zone entspricht. Um für die anderen Zonen verschiedene Vorlauftemperaturen bilden zu können, kann über geeignete Temperaturventile durch Wärmetauscher oder Mischbehälter vollautomatisch eine Temperaturanpassung stattfinden. Das Einhalten der konstanten Vorlauftemperatur für die Kälteerzeuger in den unterschiedlichen Zonen kann durch im Kältekreislauf eingebaute Ventile vollautomatisch gesteuert werden.The individual refrigeration production per zone enables individual regulation of the flow temperature. However, it is also conceivable that a central cooling generator Refrigeration medium with constant flow temperature is generated, which corresponds to the flow temperature of the coldest zone. In order to be able to form different flow temperatures for the other zones, a temperature adjustment can take place fully automatically using suitable temperature valves through heat exchangers or mixing tanks. Maintaining the constant flow temperature for the refrigerators in the different zones can be controlled fully automatically by valves installed in the refrigeration circuit.

Um die Kälteerzeuger nach einer Vereisung abtauen zu können, sind an sich bekannte Abtaueinrichtungen vorgesehen, die in bestimmten Zeitabständen wirksam werden. Diese Abtaueinrichtungen können zum Beispiel mit Umluft als Wärmeträger beschickt werden oder eingebaute Heizungssysteme aufweisen.In order to be able to defrost the refrigeration devices after icing, known defrosting devices are provided which are effective at certain time intervals. These defrosting devices can, for example, be supplied with circulating air as a heat carrier or have built-in heating systems.

Zwischen oder neben den Kälteerzeugern können zusätzlich Luftbefeuchter insbesondere in den Bereichen angeordnet sein, in welchen frisches Gemüse gelagert ist. Es ist auch denkbar, daß die Kälteerzeuger und Luftbefeuchter auf Schienen beweglich gelagert sind, so daß sie an der Decke 5 des Großkühlraumes 2 entlang verfahren werden können oder unter Umständen abgesenkt werden können, um den durch die Kaltluftschleier umgrenzten Raum individuell zu verkleinern oder zu gestalten.Air humidifiers can also be arranged between or next to the refrigerators, in particular in the areas in which fresh vegetables are stored. It is also conceivable that the cooling generators and humidifiers are movably mounted on rails so that they can be moved along the ceiling 5 of the large cooling room 2 or can be lowered under certain circumstances in order to individually reduce or design the space delimited by the cold air curtain .

Claims (11)

1. Kühlhaus zur Lagerung von Gütern bei einer tieferen Temperatur als der Umgebungstemperatur, insbesondere zur zeitweiligen Kühllagerung von Lebensmitteln, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
das Kühlhaus (1) in mehrere Zonen (I, II, III, IV, V) mit unterschiedlichen Temperatur- und Luftfeuchtigkeitsbedingungen unterteilt ist, welche durch steuerbare Trenneinrichtungen (6, 6', 6") voneinander abgeteilt sind.1. Cold store for the storage of goods at a lower temperature than the ambient temperature, in particular for the temporary cold storage of food, characterized in that
the cold store (1) is divided into several zones (I, II, III, IV, V) with different temperature and humidity conditions, which are separated from one another by controllable separation devices (6, 6 ', 6 "). 2. Kühlhaus nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
die Zonen (I-V) mit zunehmender Temperatur nebeneinander angeordnet sind, so daß der Temperaturunterschied zwischen den Zonen auf einem Minimum gehalten wird.2. Cold store according to claim 1,
characterized in that
the zones (IV) are arranged next to one another with increasing temperature, so that the temperature difference between the zones is kept to a minimum. 3. Kühlhaus nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
die Trenneinrichtungen von Kälteerzeugern (6) gebildet sind, welche im Temperaturzonengrenzbereich einen. die Zone abgrenzenden Kaltluftschleier erzeugen.3. Cold store according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that
the separating devices are formed by refrigeration generators (6), which one in the temperature zone limit range. generate the cold air curtain delimiting the zone. 4. Kühlhaus nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
die Kälteerzeuger (6) an der Kühlraumdecke (5) angeordnet sind.4. Cold store according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized in that
the refrigerators (6) are arranged on the cold room ceiling (5). 5. Kühlhaus nach einem der Ansprüche 3 oder 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
die Kälteerzeuger (6) zu einem Deckenkühlsystem (Figur 3) verbunden sind, welches an eine Kältezentrale (7) angeschlossen ist.5. Cold store according to one of claims 3 or 4,
characterized in that
the refrigerators (6) are connected to a ceiling cooling system (Figure 3) which is connected to a refrigeration center (7). 6. Kühlhaus nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
die Kälteerzeuger (6) statische Kühlelemente aufweisen.6. Cold store according to one of claims 3 to 5,
characterized in that
the refrigerators (6) have static cooling elements. 7. Kühlhaus nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
die Kälteerzeuger (6) mit einem dynamischen Umluftsystem ausgestattet sind.7. Cold store according to one of claims 3 to 6,
characterized in that
the refrigerators (6) are equipped with a dynamic air recirculation system. 8. Kühlhaus nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
die Vorlauftemperatur des Kälteträgers an den jeweiligen Deckenkälteerzeugern (6) verschieden ist und der jeweiligen Zonentemperatur individuell angepaßt ist.8. Cold store according to one of claims 3 to 7,
characterized in that
the flow temperature of the coolant at the respective ceiling coolers (6) is different and is individually adapted to the respective zone temperature. 9. Kühlhaus nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
die Trenneinrichtungen von Luftleiteinrichtungen gebildet sind, welche an wenigstens einen Kälteerzeuger (6) angeschlossen sind und im Temperaturgrenzbereich einen die Zone abgrenzenden Kaltluftschleier erzeugen,und daß den Luftleiteinrichtungen zuschaltbare Wärmetauscher vorgesehen sind.9. Cold store according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that
the separating devices are formed by air guiding devices which are connected to at least one refrigeration generator (6) and generate a cold air curtain delimiting the zone in the temperature limit area, and that heat exchangers which can be connected to the air guiding devices are provided. 10. Kühlhaus nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
die Kälteerzeuger auf Tragkonstruktionen beweglich gelagert sind, derart daß ihre Anordnung im Raum veränderbar ist.10. Cold store according to one of claims 1 to 8,
characterized in that
the refrigerators are movably mounted on supporting structures, so that their arrangement in the room can be changed. 11. Kühlhaus nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 10,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
die Trenneinrichtungen mit Abtaueinrichtungen ausgestattet sind.11. Cold store according to one of claims 3 to 10,
characterized in that
the separators are equipped with defrosting devices.
EP82109073A 1982-09-30 1982-09-30 Cold store Expired EP0105052B1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82109073T ATE29290T1 (en) 1982-09-30 1982-09-30 COLD STORE.
DE8282109073T DE3277128D1 (en) 1982-09-30 1982-09-30 Cold store
EP82109073A EP0105052B1 (en) 1982-09-30 1982-09-30 Cold store

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP82109073A EP0105052B1 (en) 1982-09-30 1982-09-30 Cold store

Publications (2)

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EP0105052A1 true EP0105052A1 (en) 1984-04-11
EP0105052B1 EP0105052B1 (en) 1987-09-02

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ID=8189251

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EP (1) EP0105052B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE29290T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3277128D1 (en)

Cited By (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9419997U1 (en) * 1994-12-14 1995-02-09 Kaiser, Rolf, 73732 Esslingen Cold therapy chamber
EP1128140A1 (en) * 2000-02-28 2001-08-29 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Store for common storage of uncooled and cooled goods
WO2015171036A3 (en) * 2014-05-08 2015-12-30 Ifoodbag Ab A grocery transport packaging system
EP3294643A1 (en) * 2015-05-08 2018-03-21 Ifoodbag AB A grocery transport packaging system
CN112880267A (en) * 2021-01-27 2021-06-01 广州博澳斯电器有限公司 Energy-saving high-efficiency fresh-keeping horizontal refrigerator
US11453517B2 (en) 2014-05-08 2022-09-27 Ifoodbag Ab Grocery transport packaging system

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29801015U1 (en) * 1998-01-23 1998-05-07 Koma Investments And Finance B.V., Roermond Cold room

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9419997U1 (en) * 1994-12-14 1995-02-09 Kaiser, Rolf, 73732 Esslingen Cold therapy chamber
EP1128140A1 (en) * 2000-02-28 2001-08-29 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Store for common storage of uncooled and cooled goods
WO2015171036A3 (en) * 2014-05-08 2015-12-30 Ifoodbag Ab A grocery transport packaging system
EP3552987A3 (en) * 2014-05-08 2019-12-11 Ifoodbag AB A grocery transport packaging system
US11151508B2 (en) 2014-05-08 2021-10-19 Ifoodbag Ab Grocery transport packaging system
AU2020203466B2 (en) * 2014-05-08 2022-03-17 Ifoodbag Ab A grocery transport packaging system
US11453517B2 (en) 2014-05-08 2022-09-27 Ifoodbag Ab Grocery transport packaging system
EP3294643A1 (en) * 2015-05-08 2018-03-21 Ifoodbag AB A grocery transport packaging system
CN112880267A (en) * 2021-01-27 2021-06-01 广州博澳斯电器有限公司 Energy-saving high-efficiency fresh-keeping horizontal refrigerator
CN112880267B (en) * 2021-01-27 2022-06-21 广州博澳斯电器有限公司 Energy-saving high-efficiency fresh-keeping horizontal refrigerator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0105052B1 (en) 1987-09-02
DE3277128D1 (en) 1987-10-08
ATE29290T1 (en) 1987-09-15

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