EP0099998A1 - Electromagnetic switch, especially for starter devices of internal-combustion engines - Google Patents

Electromagnetic switch, especially for starter devices of internal-combustion engines Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0099998A1
EP0099998A1 EP83106479A EP83106479A EP0099998A1 EP 0099998 A1 EP0099998 A1 EP 0099998A1 EP 83106479 A EP83106479 A EP 83106479A EP 83106479 A EP83106479 A EP 83106479A EP 0099998 A1 EP0099998 A1 EP 0099998A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
magnet armature
switching pin
switching
return spring
contact bridge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP83106479A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0099998B1 (en
Inventor
Karl-Heinz Bögner
Klaus Dr.-Ing. Bolenz
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP0099998A1 publication Critical patent/EP0099998A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0099998B1 publication Critical patent/EP0099998B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/02—Non-polarised relays
    • H01H51/04—Non-polarised relays with single armature; with single set of ganged armatures
    • H01H51/06—Armature is movable between two limit positions of rest and is moved in one direction due to energisation of an electromagnet and after the electromagnet is de-energised is returned by energy stored during the movement in the first direction, e.g. by using a spring, by using a permanent magnet, by gravity
    • H01H51/065—Relays having a pair of normally open contacts rigidly fixed to a magnetic core movable along the axis of a solenoid, e.g. relays for starting automobiles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/001—Means for preventing or breaking contact-welding

Definitions

  • the invention is based on an electromagnetic switch according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the switching pin is slidably disposed with respect to the magnet armature.
  • the switching pin is only moved by the magnet armature during its retraction movement when the magnet armature has already covered part of its path. If the starting device is switched off after the internal combustion engine has been turned on, then the return spring pushes the magnet armature back into its rest position.
  • the magnet armature is brought into its rest position when the pinion is disengaged via the single-track gear and by means of the return spring; however, the switching pin does not initially follow the movement of the magnet armature.
  • the contact bridge sticks or welds to the main current contacts, then the force of the return spring is not sufficient to press the contact bridge away from the main current contacts.
  • the main current contacts remain over the contact bridge connected.
  • the starter motor is still connected to the power source and runs without the driver noticing that it is running and causing damage to the starter motor and electromagnetic switch.
  • the switching pin is therefore provided with additional switching means for inevitably returning the switching pin and thus the contact bridge to the rest position.
  • an electromagnetic switch is known in which the switching pin is attached to the armature.
  • the assembly of the switching pin-contact bridge assembly with the magnet armature cannot disadvantageously not be carried out automatically in an economical manner for large-scale production. Parts of the assembly are also unnecessarily destroyed when disassembling for adjustment and repair purposes.
  • the electromagnetic switch according to the invention with the characterizing features of claim 1 has the advantage that the return movement of the assembly-friendly assembly of switching bolt, contact bridge support, contact bridge and contact pressure spring into its rest position after switching off the starter device is moved by the full force of the return spring, the switching pin being moved joins the entire path of the magnet armature.
  • the tearing of the contact bridge is facilitated and accelerated because the contact bridge is torn off immediately with the return movement of the magnet armature, so that the return spring can be omitted.
  • the return spring also keeps the magnet armature and switching pin assembly in the rest position.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of the electromagnetic switch
  • FIG. 2 shows a second exemplary embodiment of the switch
  • FIG. 3 shows a modification of the switching pin according to FIG. 2, in each case in longitudinal section.
  • An electromagnetic switch has a cup-shaped housing 1, which also serves as a yoke.
  • a magnetic core 2 rests on its end face.
  • On one shoulder of the magnetic core 2 sits one end of a brass sleeve 3, the other end of which is inserted into a bore in the bottom of the housing 1.
  • a spring 7 is inserted, which holds the winding support 4 in a tolerance-compensating and shake-proof manner in the housing 1.
  • the outer end face of the magnetic core 2 delimits a switching space 8 which is enclosed by a cap 9.
  • the cap 9 has a flange 10 on its edge facing the magnetic core 2.
  • a spring element 11 is inserted between the magnetic core 2 and the edge of the cap.
  • a fastening edge 12 of the housing 1 extends over the magnetic core 2 and the flange 10 and is flanged behind the flange 10.
  • two main current contacts 13 and 14 are fastened, which protrude into the switch room 8 and have connecting bolts leading out of the cap 9, which are connected in a manner known per se and not shown in more detail to the positive pole of a battery or to the field winding of a starter motor are.
  • a magnetic armature 15 is guided in the brass sleeve 3 so as to be shake-proof.
  • a driver 16 is fastened for an engagement lever, not shown, of a single-track transmission.
  • the magnet armature 15 has a blind hole 17 which is open towards the magnet core 2 and in which one end 18 of a switching pin 19 is guided.
  • the switching pin 19 is provided near its end 18 with an annular groove 20 in which a snap ring 21 is arranged as a stop.
  • a cup-shaped guide part 22, which rests on the snap ring 21, sits on the switching pin 19.
  • the edge 23 of the guide part 22 engages over the snap ring 21 and is guided in the blind bore 17 of the magnet armature 15.
  • the switching pin 19 is made of metal or plastic, for example Ultramid.
  • the switching pin 19 is guided in a longitudinal bore 24 of the magnetic core 2. It protrudes with an end section 25 of smaller diameter than the part guided in the longitudinal bore 24 into the switching space 8. On the end section 25 there are a contact pressure spring 26, a contact bridge support 27 made of insulating material, which carries a contact bridge 28, an insulating washer 29 and one in one Ring groove 30 seated stop ring 31 arranged. In the rest position of the switch, the contact bridge carrier 27 is seated in an expanded end section 32 of the magnetic core 2.
  • a return spring 33 is arranged on the switching pin 19. It rests at one end on the guide part 22 and is supported on the magnetic core 2 at the other end.
  • the return spring 33 holds the assembly of switching pin 19, contact pressure spring 26, contact bridge support 27 with contact bridge 28 and the magnet armature 15 in the rest position shown in the drawing.
  • the switching pin 19 is pressed by the return spring 33 to the bottom of the blind bore 17.
  • the starter motor not shown, connected to the connecting bolt of the main current contact 13 is connected to the current source, also not shown, connected to the connecting bolt of the main current contact 14 in a manner known per se.
  • the starter motor receives power to start the internal combustion engine.
  • the power supply to the field winding of the electromagnetic switch is switched off.
  • the magnetic armature 15 is pushed away from the magnetic core 2 by the return spring 33.
  • the check spring 33 acts directly on the guide part 22, which rests on the snap ring 21 of the switching pin 19 and pushes the switching pin 19 together with the magnet armature 15 back into the rest position.
  • the switching pin 19 pulls the contact bridge carrier 27 with the contact bridge 28 via the stop ring 31, so that the contact bridge 18 is lifted from the main current contacts 13 and 14, the power supply from the power source to the starting motor is interrupted and the starting motor comes to a standstill.
  • the contact bridge 28 Since the entire force of the return spring 33 acts on the switching bolt 19 when the magnet armature 15 is pushed back, the contact bridge 28 is also torn off when the contact bridge 28 is glued or welded to the main current contacts 13 and 14.
  • the magnet armature 15 and the switching pin 19 inevitably move together, even when the switching pin 19 is only inserted into the blind hole 17 of the magnet armature 15 and is not fastened to the magnet armature 15.
  • the return spring 33 keeps the switching pin 19 pressed against the bottom of the blind hole 17 via the guide part 22.
  • the guide part 22 holds the switching pin 19 sufficiently shake-proof in the blind bore 17 of the magnet armature 15 by its edge 23.
  • FIG. 1 A second embodiment of the electromagnetic switch is shown in Figure 2. As far as the parts are the same as those of Figure 1, they have the same reference numbers.
  • a switching pin 34 is inserted, the end of which lies against the bottom of the blind hole 17 is designed as a stop 35, against which the return spring 33 rests and which also serves as a guide for the switching pin 34 in the magnet armature 15.
  • the stop 35 is upset, for example, as a flange.
  • the stop 35 is formed, for example, as a flange when spraying.
  • FIG. 3 shows a modification of the switching pin 34 in FIG. 2. As far as the parts are the same as those in Figures 1 and 2, they have the same reference numerals.
  • a metal switching pin 36 inserted into the blind bore 17 of the magnet armature 15 has an upset end 37 which serves as a stop for the return spring 33 and as a guide for the switching pin 36 in the magnet armature 15. Since it can happen in the rough operation in motor vehicles that the return spring 33 strikes grooves in the switching pin 36, the switching pin 36 is covered with an adjacent sleeve 38, for example made of a thermoplastic such as glass fiber reinforced Ultramid.
  • the sleeve 38 extends from the stop 37 to the section of the switching bolt 36 guided in the longitudinal bore 24 of the magnetic core 2.
  • the end face 39 of the sleeve 38 forms the contact for the end of the contact pressure spring 26, which has its other end on the contact bridge carrier 27 supports.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

Es wird ein elektromagnetischer Schalter, insbesondere für Andrehvorrichtungen von Brennkraftmaschinen vorgeschlagen, dessen die Kontaktbrücke (28) für die Hauptstromkontakte (13 und 14) tragender Schaltbolzen (19) an seinem an Magnetanker (15) eingesetzten Ende mit einem Anschlag (21 und 23) versehen ist, an dem die sich am Magnetkern (2) abstützende Rückstellfeder (33) anliegt und der zugleich als Führung des Schaltbolzens (19) im Magnetanker (15) dient. Die in vorteilhafter Weise automatisch montierte Baugruppe Schaltbolzen-Kontaktbrücke (19; 28) ist durch die Rückstellfeder (33) kraftschlüssig mit dem Magnetanker (15) verbunden und bewegt sich zwangsläufig mit dem Magnetanker (15). Dadurch werden nach dem Abschalten des elektromagnetischen Schalters der Magnetanker (15) zusammen mit dem Schaltbolzen (19) und somit die Kontaktbrücke (28) durch die volle Kraft der Rückstellfeder (33) in die Ruhestellung zurückbewegt. Die eventuell an den Hauptstromkontakten (13 und 14) klebende oder schweißende Kontaktbrücke (28) kann nicht mehr an den Hauptstromkontakten (13 und 14) hängen bleiben, was bisher zu Schäden am Andrehmotor führen konnte.An electromagnetic switch, in particular for starting devices for internal combustion engines, is proposed, the switching pin (19) of which carries the contact bridge (28) for the main current contacts (13 and 14) and has a stop (21 and 23) at its end used on the armature (15) against which the return spring (33), which is supported on the magnetic core (2), and which also serves as a guide for the switching pin (19) in the magnet armature (15). The switching bolt-contact bridge (19; 28), which is advantageously automatically assembled, is non-positively connected to the magnet armature (15) by the return spring (33) and inevitably moves with the magnet armature (15). As a result, after the electromagnetic switch has been switched off, the magnet armature (15) together with the switching pin (19) and thus the contact bridge (28) are moved back into the rest position by the full force of the return spring (33). The contact bridge (28), which may be adhesive or welded to the main current contacts (13 and 14), can no longer stick to the main current contacts (13 and 14), which could previously damage the starter motor.

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung geht von einem elektromagnetischen Schalter nach der Gattung des Anspruchs 1 aus. Bei einem solchen Schalter ist der Schaltbolzen gegenüber dem Magnetanker verschiebbar angeordnet. Der Schaltbolzen wird vom Magnetanker bei dessen Einzugsbewegung erst mitbewegt, wenn der Magnetanker bereits einen Teil seines Einzugsweges zurückgelegt hat. Wird nach erfolgtem Andrehen der Brennkraftmaschine die Andrehvorrichtung abgeschaltet, dann schiebt die Rückstellfeder den Magnetanker in seine Ruhestellung zurück. Dabei ist jedoch von Nachteil, daß der Magnetanker zwar beim Ausspuren des Andrehritzels über das Einspurgetriebe und mittels der Rückstellfeder in seine Ruhelage gebracht wird; der Schaltbolzen folgt jedoch zunächst nicht der Bewegung des Magnetankers. Klebt oder schweißt die Kontaktbrücke an den Hauptstromkontakten, dann reicht auch die Kraft der Rückführfeder nicht aus, die Kontaktbrücke von den Hauptstromkontakten loszudrücken. Die Hauptstromkontakte bleiben über die Kontaktbrücke verbunden. Der Andrehmotor ist weiterhin an-die Stromquelle angeschlossen und läuft mit, ohne daß das Mitlaufen vom Fahrer bemerkt wird und am Andrehmotor und elektromagnetischem Schalter Schaden entsteht. Der Schaltbolzen ist daher noch mit zusätzlichen Schaltmitteln zum zwangsläufigen Rückführen des Schaltbolzens und somit der Kontaktbrücke in die Ruhestellung versehen. Außerdem ist ein elektromagnetischer Schalter bekannt, bei dem der Schaltbolzen am Anker befestigt ist. Die Montage der Baugruppe Schaltbolzen-Kontaktbrücke mit dem Magnetanker läßt sich in nachteiliger Weise nicht in für Großmengenfertigung wirtschaftlichem Rahmen automatisch ausführen. Auch bei Demontage zu Justier- und Reparaturzwecken werden Teile der Baugruppe unnötig zerstört.The invention is based on an electromagnetic switch according to the preamble of claim 1. In such a switch, the switching pin is slidably disposed with respect to the magnet armature. The switching pin is only moved by the magnet armature during its retraction movement when the magnet armature has already covered part of its path. If the starting device is switched off after the internal combustion engine has been turned on, then the return spring pushes the magnet armature back into its rest position. However, it is disadvantageous that the magnet armature is brought into its rest position when the pinion is disengaged via the single-track gear and by means of the return spring; however, the switching pin does not initially follow the movement of the magnet armature. If the contact bridge sticks or welds to the main current contacts, then the force of the return spring is not sufficient to press the contact bridge away from the main current contacts. The main current contacts remain over the contact bridge connected. The starter motor is still connected to the power source and runs without the driver noticing that it is running and causing damage to the starter motor and electromagnetic switch. The switching pin is therefore provided with additional switching means for inevitably returning the switching pin and thus the contact bridge to the rest position. In addition, an electromagnetic switch is known in which the switching pin is attached to the armature. The assembly of the switching pin-contact bridge assembly with the magnet armature cannot disadvantageously not be carried out automatically in an economical manner for large-scale production. Parts of the assembly are also unnecessarily destroyed when disassembling for adjustment and repair purposes.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Der erfindungsgemäße elektromagnetische Schalter mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, daß die Rückführbewegung der montagefreundlichen Baugruppe aus Schaltbozen, Kontaktbrückenträger, Kontaktbrücke und Kontaktdruckfeder in ihre Ruhestellung nach Abschalten der Andrehvorrichtung durch die volle Kraft der Rückstellfeder bewegt wird, wobei der Schaltbolzen den gesamten Weg des Magnetankers mitmacht. Das Losreißen der Kontaktbrücke wird dadurch erleichtert und beschleunigt, weil der Abriß der Kontaktbrücke sofort mit der Rückbewegung des Magnetankers erfolgt, so daß die Rückführfeder entfallen kann. Die Rückstellfeder hält obendrein Magnetanker und Schaltbolzen-Baugruppe in der Ruhestellung.The electromagnetic switch according to the invention with the characterizing features of claim 1 has the advantage that the return movement of the assembly-friendly assembly of switching bolt, contact bridge support, contact bridge and contact pressure spring into its rest position after switching off the starter device is moved by the full force of the return spring, the switching pin being moved joins the entire path of the magnet armature. The tearing of the contact bridge is facilitated and accelerated because the contact bridge is torn off immediately with the return movement of the magnet armature, so that the return spring can be omitted. The return spring also keeps the magnet armature and switching pin assembly in the rest position.

Durch die in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen des im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Schalters möglich. Durch die einfache Ausbildung des Schaltbolzens ist in vorteilhafter Weise eine automatische Montage der Baugruppe Schaltbolzen-Kontaktbrücke möglich mit dem Magnetanker möglich, wobei der Schaltbolzen ausreichend schüttelfest am Magnetanker angeordnet ist.The measures listed in the subclaims allow advantageous developments of the switch specified in claim 1. Due to the simple design of the switching pin, an automatic assembly of the switching pin / contact bridge assembly is advantageously possible with the magnet armature, the switching pin being arranged on the magnet armature with sufficient shaking resistance.

Zeichnungdrawing

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung wiedergegeben. Es zeigen Figur 1 ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel des elektromagnetischen Schalters, Figur 2 ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiels des Schalters und Figur 3 eine Abwandlung des Schaltbolzens nach Figur 2, jeweils im Längsschnitt.Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing. FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of the electromagnetic switch, FIG. 2 shows a second exemplary embodiment of the switch and FIG. 3 shows a modification of the switching pin according to FIG. 2, in each case in longitudinal section.

Beschreibung der AusführungsbeispieleDescription of the embodiments

Ein elektromagnetischer Schalter hat ein topfförmiges Gehäuse 1, das zugleich als Rückschlußjoch dient. An seiner Stirnseite liegt ein Magnetkern 2 an. Auf einem Absatz des Magnetkerns 2 sitzt ein Ende einer Messinghülse 3, deren anderes Ende in eine Bohrung im Boden des Gehäuses 1 eingesetzt ist. Auf der Messinghülse 3 ist ein Wicklungsträger 4 angeordnet, auf dem eine Erregerwicklung, welche aus einer Einzugswicklung 5 und einer Haltwicklung 6 gebildet ist, untergebracht ist. Zwischen dem Boden des Gehäuses 1 und dem Wicklungsträger 4 ist eine Feder 7 eingesetzt, die den Wicklungsträger 4 toleranzausgleichend und schüttelfest im Gehäuse 1 hält. Die äußere Stirnseite des Uagnetkerns 2 begrenzt einen Schaltraum 8, der von einer Kappe 9 umschlossen ist. Die Kappe 9 hat an ihrem dem Magnetkern 2 zugewandten Rand einen Flansch 10. Zwischen Magnetkern 2 und Kappenrand ist ein Federelement 11 eingelegt. Ein Befestigungsrand 12 des Gehäuses 1 greift über den Magnetkern 2 und den Flansch 10 und ist hinter dem Flansch 10 umgebördelt. In der Kappe 9 sind zwei Hauptstromkontakte 13 und 14 befestigt, die in den Schaltraum 8 ragen und aus der Kappe 9 führende Anschlußbolzen haben, die in an sich bekannter und nicht näher dargestellter Weise an den Pluspol einer Batterie bzw. an die Feldwicklung eines Andrehmotors angeschlossen sind.An electromagnetic switch has a cup-shaped housing 1, which also serves as a yoke. A magnetic core 2 rests on its end face. On one shoulder of the magnetic core 2 sits one end of a brass sleeve 3, the other end of which is inserted into a bore in the bottom of the housing 1. On the brass sleeve 3, a winding support 4 is arranged, on which an excitation winding, which is formed from a pull-in winding 5 and a holding winding 6, is accommodated. Between the bottom of the housing 1 and the winding support 4, a spring 7 is inserted, which holds the winding support 4 in a tolerance-compensating and shake-proof manner in the housing 1. The outer end face of the magnetic core 2 delimits a switching space 8 which is enclosed by a cap 9. The cap 9 has a flange 10 on its edge facing the magnetic core 2. A spring element 11 is inserted between the magnetic core 2 and the edge of the cap. A fastening edge 12 of the housing 1 extends over the magnetic core 2 and the flange 10 and is flanged behind the flange 10. In the cap 9, two main current contacts 13 and 14 are fastened, which protrude into the switch room 8 and have connecting bolts leading out of the cap 9, which are connected in a manner known per se and not shown in more detail to the positive pole of a battery or to the field winding of a starter motor are.

In der Messinghülse 3 ist ein Magnetanker 15 schüttelfest geführt. An seinem aus der Messinghülse 3 und somit aus dem Gehäuse 1 ragenden Ende ist ein Mitnehmer 16 für einen nicht näher dargestellten Einrückhebel eines Einspurgetriebes befestigt. Der Magnetanker 15 hat eine zum Magnetkern 2 hin offene Sackbohrung 17, in der ein Ende 18 eines Schaltbolzens 19 geführt ist. Der Schaltbolzen 19 ist dazu nahe seinem Ende 18 mit einer Ringnut 20 versehen, in der ein Sprengring 21 als Anschlag angeordnet ist. Auf dem Schaltbolzen 19 sitzt ein napfförmiges Führungsteil 22, das am Sprengring 21 anliegt. Der Rand 23 des Führungsteils 22 greift über den Sprengring 21 und ist in der Sackbohrung 17 des Magnetankers 15 geführt. Der Schaltbolzen 19 ist aus Metall oder Kunststoff, beispielsweise Ultramid hergestellt.A magnetic armature 15 is guided in the brass sleeve 3 so as to be shake-proof. At its end protruding from the brass sleeve 3 and thus from the housing 1, a driver 16 is fastened for an engagement lever, not shown, of a single-track transmission. The magnet armature 15 has a blind hole 17 which is open towards the magnet core 2 and in which one end 18 of a switching pin 19 is guided. For this purpose, the switching pin 19 is provided near its end 18 with an annular groove 20 in which a snap ring 21 is arranged as a stop. A cup-shaped guide part 22, which rests on the snap ring 21, sits on the switching pin 19. The edge 23 of the guide part 22 engages over the snap ring 21 and is guided in the blind bore 17 of the magnet armature 15. The switching pin 19 is made of metal or plastic, for example Ultramid.

Der Schaltbolzen 19 ist in einer Längsbohrung 24 des Magnetkerns 2 geführt. Er ragt mit einem Endabschnitt 25 kleineren Durchmessers als der in der Längsbohrung 24 geführte Teil in den Schaltraum 8. Auf dem Endabschnitt 25 sind eine Kontaktdruckfeder 26, ein Kontaktbrückenträger 27 aus isolierendem Material, welcher eine Kontaktbrücke 28 trägt, eine Isolierscheibe 29 und ein in einer Ringnut 30 sitzender Anschlagring 31 angeordnet. Der Kontaktbrückenträger 27 sitzt in der Ruhestellung des Schalters in einem erweiterten Endabschnitt 32 des Magnetkerns 2.The switching pin 19 is guided in a longitudinal bore 24 of the magnetic core 2. It protrudes with an end section 25 of smaller diameter than the part guided in the longitudinal bore 24 into the switching space 8. On the end section 25 there are a contact pressure spring 26, a contact bridge support 27 made of insulating material, which carries a contact bridge 28, an insulating washer 29 and one in one Ring groove 30 seated stop ring 31 arranged. In the rest position of the switch, the contact bridge carrier 27 is seated in an expanded end section 32 of the magnetic core 2.

Auf dem Schaltbolzen 19 ist eine Rückstellfeder 33 angeordnet. Sie liegt mit einem Ende am Führungsteil 22 an und stützt sich mit dem anderen Ende am Magnetkern 2 ab. Die Rückstellfeder 33 hält die Baugruppe aus Schaltbolzen 19, Kontaktdruckfeder 26, Kontaktbrückenträger 27 mit Kontaktbrücke 28 sowie den Magnetanker 15 in der in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ruhestellung. Der Schaltbolzen 19 ist dabei von der Rückstellfeder 33 an den Boden der Sackbohrung 17 gedrückt.A return spring 33 is arranged on the switching pin 19. It rests at one end on the guide part 22 and is supported on the magnetic core 2 at the other end. The return spring 33 holds the assembly of switching pin 19, contact pressure spring 26, contact bridge support 27 with contact bridge 28 and the magnet armature 15 in the rest position shown in the drawing. The switching pin 19 is pressed by the return spring 33 to the bottom of the blind bore 17.

Bei erregter Wicklung 5, 6 wird der Magnetanker 15 zum Einspuren des nicht dargestellten Andrehritzels des erwähnten Einspurgetriebes über den ebenfalls nicht dargestellten, am Mitnehmer 16 des Magnetankers 15 angelenkten Einrückhebel entgegen der Kraft der Rückstellfeder 33, die weiter gespannt wird, an den Magnetkern 2 gezogen. Dabei wird der am Boden der Sackbohrung 17 anliegende Schaltbolzen 19 sofort von dem Magnetanker 15 mitgenommen und weiter in den Schaltraum 8 bewegt. Mit Unterstützung der Kontaktdruckfeder 26 wird die auf dem Kontaktbrückenträger 27 angeordnete Kontaktbrücke 28 bei der Bewegung des Schaltbolzens 19 in den Schaltraum 8 an die Hauptstromkontakte 13-und 14 gedrückt. Dadurch wird der an den Anschlußbolzen des Hauptstromkontakts 13 angeschlossene, nicht dargestellte Andrehmotor mit der an den Anschlußbolzen des Hauptstromkontakts 14 angeschlossenen, ebenfalls nicht dargestellten Stromquelle in an sich bekannter Weise verbunden. Der Andrehmotor erhält Strom zum Andrehen der Brennkraftmaschine.When the winding 5, 6 is energized, the magnet armature 15 is pulled against the force of the restoring spring 33, which is further tensioned, against the force of the return spring 33, which is also shown, and is articulated against the force of the return spring 33, which is further tensioned, to engage the starting pinion of the aforementioned single-speed transmission . In this case, the switching bolt 19 resting on the bottom of the blind bore 17 is immediately taken along by the magnet armature 15 and moved further into the switching space 8. With the support of the contact pressure spring 26, the contact bridge 28 arranged on the contact bridge carrier 27 becomes during the movement of the switching pin 19 in the switch room 8 pressed against the main current contacts 13 and 14. As a result, the starter motor, not shown, connected to the connecting bolt of the main current contact 13 is connected to the current source, also not shown, connected to the connecting bolt of the main current contact 14 in a manner known per se. The starter motor receives power to start the internal combustion engine.

Ist die Brennkraftmaschine angelaufen, wird die Stromzufuhr zur Erregerwicklung des elektromagnetischen Schalters abgeschaltet. Der Magnetanker 15 wird von der Rückstellfeder 33 vom Magnetkern 2 wieder weggeschoben. Dabei wirkt die Rückschlagfeder 33 direkt auf das Führungsteil 22, welches an dem Sprengring 21 des Schaltbolzens 19 anliegt und schiebt den Schaltbolzen 19 zusammen mit dem Magnetanker 15 in die Ruhestellung zurück. Der Schaltbolzen 19 zieht über den Anschlagring 31 den Kontaktbrückenträger 27 mit der Kontaktbrücke 28 mit, so daß die Kontaktbrücke 18 von den Hauptstromkontakten 13 und 14 abgehoben, die Stromzufuhr von der Stromquelle zum Andrehmotor unterbrochen wird und der Andrehmotor zum Stillstand kommt. Da beim Zurückschieben des Magnetankers 15 die ganze Kraft der Rückstellfeder 33 auf den Schaltbozen 19 wirkt, wird auch bei Kleben oder Schweißen der Kontaktbrücke 28 an den Hauptstromkontakten 13 und 14 die Kontaktbrücke 28 losgerissen. Magnetanker 15 und Schaltbolzen 19 bewegen sich zwangsläufig gemeinsam, auch bei nur in die Sackbohrung 17 des Magnetankers 15 eingesetztem und nicht am Magnetanker 15 befestigtem Schaltbolzen 19. Über das Führungsteil 22 hält die Rückstellfeder 33 den Schaltbolzen 19 ständig an den Boden der Sackbohrung 17 gedrückt. Außerdem hält das Führungsteil 22 durch seinen Rand 23 den Schaltbolzen 19 ausreichend schüttelfest in der Sackbohrung 17 des Magnetankers 15.When the internal combustion engine has started, the power supply to the field winding of the electromagnetic switch is switched off. The magnetic armature 15 is pushed away from the magnetic core 2 by the return spring 33. The check spring 33 acts directly on the guide part 22, which rests on the snap ring 21 of the switching pin 19 and pushes the switching pin 19 together with the magnet armature 15 back into the rest position. The switching pin 19 pulls the contact bridge carrier 27 with the contact bridge 28 via the stop ring 31, so that the contact bridge 18 is lifted from the main current contacts 13 and 14, the power supply from the power source to the starting motor is interrupted and the starting motor comes to a standstill. Since the entire force of the return spring 33 acts on the switching bolt 19 when the magnet armature 15 is pushed back, the contact bridge 28 is also torn off when the contact bridge 28 is glued or welded to the main current contacts 13 and 14. The magnet armature 15 and the switching pin 19 inevitably move together, even when the switching pin 19 is only inserted into the blind hole 17 of the magnet armature 15 and is not fastened to the magnet armature 15. The return spring 33 keeps the switching pin 19 pressed against the bottom of the blind hole 17 via the guide part 22. In addition, the guide part 22 holds the switching pin 19 sufficiently shake-proof in the blind bore 17 of the magnet armature 15 by its edge 23.

Ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel des elektromagnetischen Schalters ist in Figur 2 wiedergegeben. Soweit die Teile gleich denen nach Figur 1 sind, haben sie dieselben Bezugszahlen.A second embodiment of the electromagnetic switch is shown in Figure 2. As far as the parts are the same as those of Figure 1, they have the same reference numbers.

In der Sackbohrung 17 des Magnetankers 15 ist ein Schaltbolzen 34 eingesetzt, dessen am Boden der Sackbohrung 17 anliegendes Ende als Anschlag 35 ausgebildet ist, an dem die Rückstellfeder 33 anliegt und der zugleich als Führung des Schaltbolzens 34 im Magnetanker 15 dient. Bei einem Schaltbolzen 34 aus Metall ist der Anschlag 35 beispielsweise als Flansch angestaucht. Bei einem Schaltbolzen 34 aus Kunststoff ist der Anschlag 35 beispielsweise als Flansch beim Spritzen angeformt.In the blind hole 17 of the magnet armature 15, a switching pin 34 is inserted, the end of which lies against the bottom of the blind hole 17 is designed as a stop 35, against which the return spring 33 rests and which also serves as a guide for the switching pin 34 in the magnet armature 15. In the case of a switching pin 34 made of metal, the stop 35 is upset, for example, as a flange. In the case of a switching pin 34 made of plastic, the stop 35 is formed, for example, as a flange when spraying.

In Figur 3 ist eine Abwandlung des Schaltbolzens 34 in Figur 2 dargestellt. Soweit die Teile gleich denen nach den Figuren 1 und 2 sind, haben sie dieselben Bezugszahlen.FIG. 3 shows a modification of the switching pin 34 in FIG. 2. As far as the parts are the same as those in Figures 1 and 2, they have the same reference numerals.

Ein in die Sackbohrung 17 des Magnetankers 15 eingesetzter Schaltbolzen 36 aus Metall hat ein angestauchtes Ende 37, das als Anschlag für die Rückschlagfeder 33 sowie als Führung des Schaltbolzens 36 im Magnetanker 15 dient. Da es bei dem rauhen Betrieb in Kraftfahrzeugen vorkommen kann, daß die Rückstellfeder 33 Riefen in den Schaltbolzen 36 schlägt, ist der Schaltbolzen 36 mit einer anliegenden Hülse 38 beispielsweise aus einem Termoplast wie glasfaserverstärktes Ultramid überzogen. Die Hülse 38 erstreckt sich vom Anschlag 37 bis auf den in der Längsbohrung 24 des Magnetkerns 2 geführten Abschnitt des Schaltbolzens 36. Die Hülse 38 bildet dabei mit ihrer Stirnseite 39 die Anlage für das Ende der Kontaktdruckfeder 26, welche sich mit ihrem anderen Ende am Kontaktbrückenträger 27 abstützt.A metal switching pin 36 inserted into the blind bore 17 of the magnet armature 15 has an upset end 37 which serves as a stop for the return spring 33 and as a guide for the switching pin 36 in the magnet armature 15. Since it can happen in the rough operation in motor vehicles that the return spring 33 strikes grooves in the switching pin 36, the switching pin 36 is covered with an adjacent sleeve 38, for example made of a thermoplastic such as glass fiber reinforced Ultramid. The sleeve 38 extends from the stop 37 to the section of the switching bolt 36 guided in the longitudinal bore 24 of the magnetic core 2. The end face 39 of the sleeve 38 forms the contact for the end of the contact pressure spring 26, which has its other end on the contact bridge carrier 27 supports.

Claims (7)

1. Elektromagnetischer Schalter, insbesondere für Andrehvorrichtungen von Brennkraftmaschinen, mit einem Gehäuse, in dem auf einer Führungshülse ein Wicklungsträger mit einer Erregerspule untergebracht und in der ein Magnetanker geführt ist, mit einem an einer Stirnseite des Gehäuses angeordneten Magnetkern, an welchem der Magnetanker entgegen der Kraft einer sich am Magnetkern abstützenden Rückstellfeder ziehbar ist, in dem ein Kontaktbrückenträger bewegbar geführt ist, welcher auf einem längsbewegbaren und sich durch den Magnetkern erstreckenden Schaltbolzen entgegen der Kraft einer Kontaktdruckfeder verschiebar sitzt, welcher Schaltbolzen zusammen mit dem Kontaktbrückenträger eine Kontaktbrücke in einem Schaltraum aufnimmt, der von einer Kappe abgedeckt ist, in der zwei in dem Schaltraum ragende Hauptstromkontakte angeordnet sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schaltbolzen (19; 34; 36) an einem in einer Bohrung (17) des Magnetankers (15) eingesetzten Ende mit einem Anschlag (21, 22; 35; 37) versehen ist, an dem die Rückstellfeder (33) anliegt und der als Führung des Schaltbolzens (19; 34; 36) im Magnetanker (15) ausgebildet ist.1. Electromagnetic switch, in particular for starting devices of internal combustion engines, with a housing in which a winding support with an excitation coil is accommodated on a guide sleeve and in which a magnet armature is guided, with a magnet core arranged on an end face of the housing, on which the magnet armature counteracts the The force of a return spring supported on the magnetic core can be pulled, in which a contact bridge carrier is movably guided, which is slidably seated on a longitudinally movable switching pin which extends through the magnetic core against the force of a contact pressure spring, which switching pin, together with the contact bridge carrier, receives a contact bridge in a control room, which is covered by a cap in which two main current contacts projecting in the switching space are arranged, characterized in that the switching bolt (19; 34; 36) has a stop (1) inserted in a bore (17) in the magnet armature (15). 21, 2 2; 35; 37) is provided, against which the return spring (33) rests and which is designed as a guide for the switching bolt (19; 34; 36) in the magnet armature (15). 2. Schalter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schaltbolzen (19) nahe seinem im Magnetanker (15) eingesetzten Ende (18) eine Anschlagscheibe (21) trägt, gegen die ein Führungsteil (22) gedrückt ist, an welchem die Rückstellfeder (33) anliegt und das einen sich parallel zur Längsachse des Schaltbolzens (19) verlaufenden Führungsabschnitt (23) hat, der im Magnetanker (15) sitzt.2. Switch according to claim 1, characterized in that the switching pin (19) near its end (18) inserted in the magnet armature (18) carries a stop disc (21) against which a guide part (22) is pressed, on which the return spring ( 33) and which has a guide section (23) which runs parallel to the longitudinal axis of the switching pin (19) and which is seated in the magnet armature (15). 3. Schalter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das in dem Magnetanker (15) eingesetzte Ende des Schaltbolzens (34; 36) als Flansch (35; 37) ausgebildet ist, an dem ein Ende der Rückstellfeder (33) anliegt und das im Magnetanker (15) geführt ist.3. Switch according to claim 1, characterized in that the end of the switching bolt (34; 36) used in the magnet armature (15) is designed as a flange (35; 37), on which one end of the return spring (33) rests and that in Magnetic armature (15) is guided. 4. Schalter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schaltbolzen (19; 34; 36) aus. Metall besteht.4. Switch according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the switching pin (19; 34; 36) from. Metal. 5. Schalter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 3 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schaltbolzen (34) aus isolierendem Kunststoff gebildet ist.5. Switch according to one of claims 1 or 3, characterized in that the switching pin (34) is formed from insulating plastic. 6. Schalter nach Anspruch 1 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schaltbolzen (36) zumindest im Bereich der Rückstellfeder (33) von einer Hülse (38) aus Kunststoff umgeben ist, welche am Anschlag (37) anliegt.6. Switch according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the switching pin (36) at least in the region of the return spring (33) is surrounded by a sleeve (38) made of plastic, which abuts the stop (37). 7. Schalter nach Anspruch 1 und 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich an der dem Anschlag (37) des Schaltbolzens (36) abgewandten Stirnseite (39) der Hülse (38) die Kontaktdruckfeder (26) abstützt.7. Switch according to claim 1 and 6, characterized in that on the stop (37) of the switching bolt (36) facing away from the end face (39) of the sleeve (38), the contact pressure spring (26) is supported.
EP83106479A 1982-07-30 1983-07-02 Electromagnetic switch, especially for starter devices of internal-combustion engines Expired EP0099998B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8221714U 1982-07-30
DE8221714U DE8221714U1 (en) 1982-07-30 1982-07-30 Electromagnetic switch, in particular for starting devices for internal combustion engines

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EP0099998A1 true EP0099998A1 (en) 1984-02-08
EP0099998B1 EP0099998B1 (en) 1985-11-13

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US (1) US4604597A (en)
EP (1) EP0099998B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS5935335A (en)
DE (2) DE8221714U1 (en)

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EP0433551A1 (en) * 1989-12-22 1991-06-26 Schaltbau Aktiengesellschaft Circuit breaker contactor
WO1992022082A1 (en) * 1991-05-27 1992-12-10 Robert Bosch Gmbh Solenoid switch for the starter of an internal combustion engine
EP0587611A1 (en) * 1991-03-28 1994-03-23 Kilovac Corp Dc vacuum relay device.
FR2697370A1 (en) * 1992-10-26 1994-04-29 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur Contactor for motor vehicle internal combustion engine starter.
EP0630034A1 (en) * 1993-06-18 1994-12-21 Philippe Pointout Latching relay
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EP0210789A2 (en) * 1985-07-19 1987-02-04 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha electromagnetic switch
EP0210789A3 (en) * 1985-07-19 1989-02-15 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Electromagnetic switch
WO1987002824A1 (en) * 1985-10-23 1987-05-07 Robert Bosch Gmbh Electromagnetic switch, in particular for starting devices of internal combustion engines
AU584467B2 (en) * 1985-10-23 1989-05-25 Robert Bosch Gmbh Electromagnetic switch, in particular for starting devices of internal combustion engines
WO1990001211A1 (en) * 1988-07-21 1990-02-08 Robert Bosch Gmbh An electromagnetic switch for internal combustion engine starters
EP0433551A1 (en) * 1989-12-22 1991-06-26 Schaltbau Aktiengesellschaft Circuit breaker contactor
EP0587611A1 (en) * 1991-03-28 1994-03-23 Kilovac Corp Dc vacuum relay device.
EP0587611A4 (en) * 1991-03-28 1994-04-20 Kilovac Corporation
WO1992022082A1 (en) * 1991-05-27 1992-12-10 Robert Bosch Gmbh Solenoid switch for the starter of an internal combustion engine
US5481236A (en) * 1991-05-27 1996-01-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Engaging relay for the starter of an internal combustion engine
EP0595698A1 (en) * 1992-10-26 1994-05-04 Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur Contactor for an internal combustion engine starter of an automotive vehicle
US5424700A (en) * 1992-10-26 1995-06-13 Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur Starter motor contactor for a motor vehicle internal combustion engine
FR2697370A1 (en) * 1992-10-26 1994-04-29 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur Contactor for motor vehicle internal combustion engine starter.
EP0630034A1 (en) * 1993-06-18 1994-12-21 Philippe Pointout Latching relay
FR2899721A1 (en) * 2006-04-11 2007-10-12 Diamecans Soc Par Actions Simp Bistable operating device for vehicle`s battery circuit breaker case, has movable shaft including free end that is provided in axial support against core that has plane end surface forming support surface, and stop arranged on movable shaft
EP1845547A2 (en) * 2006-04-11 2007-10-17 Diamecans Bistable manoeuvring device of a mobile shaft and battery cutout comprising such a device
EP1845546A2 (en) * 2006-04-11 2007-10-17 Diamecans Bistable manoeuvring device of a mobile shaft and battery cutout comprising such a device
EP1845547A3 (en) * 2006-04-11 2009-01-07 Diamecans Bistable manoeuvring device of a mobile shaft and battery cutout comprising such a device
EP1845546A3 (en) * 2006-04-11 2009-01-07 Diamecans Bistable manoeuvring device of a mobile shaft and battery cutout comprising such a device
DE102009047080A1 (en) * 2009-11-24 2011-06-16 Tyco Electronics Amp Gmbh Electric switch
DE102009047080B4 (en) * 2009-11-24 2012-03-29 Tyco Electronics Amp Gmbh Electric switch

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5935335A (en) 1984-02-27
DE3361221D1 (en) 1985-12-19
DE8221714U1 (en) 1982-09-23
EP0099998B1 (en) 1985-11-13
US4604597A (en) 1986-08-05

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