DE60032247D1 - Fluorchemisches oligomer und seine verwendung - Google Patents
Fluorchemisches oligomer und seine verwendungInfo
- Publication number
- DE60032247D1 DE60032247D1 DE60032247T DE60032247T DE60032247D1 DE 60032247 D1 DE60032247 D1 DE 60032247D1 DE 60032247 T DE60032247 T DE 60032247T DE 60032247 T DE60032247 T DE 60032247T DE 60032247 D1 DE60032247 D1 DE 60032247D1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- fluorochemical oligomer
- fluorochemical
- oligomer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/36—Sulfur-, selenium-, or tellurium-containing compounds
- C08K5/43—Compounds containing sulfur bound to nitrogen
- C08K5/435—Sulfonamides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C323/00—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups
- C07C323/50—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups containing thio groups and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C323/51—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups containing thio groups and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having the sulfur atoms of the thio groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton
- C07C323/52—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups containing thio groups and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having the sulfur atoms of the thio groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L101/00—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/3154—Of fluorinated addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US09/404,747 US6174964B1 (en) | 1999-09-24 | 1999-09-24 | Fluorochemical oligomer and use thereof |
| US404747 | 1999-09-24 | ||
| PCT/US2000/002458 WO2001023351A1 (en) | 1999-09-24 | 2000-02-01 | Fluorochemical oligomer and use thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE60032247D1 true DE60032247D1 (de) | 2007-01-18 |
| DE60032247T2 DE60032247T2 (de) | 2007-06-28 |
Family
ID=23600864
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE60032247T Expired - Lifetime DE60032247T2 (de) | 1999-09-24 | 2000-02-01 | Fluorchemisches oligomer und seine verwendung |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US6174964B1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1214297B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2003510305A (de) |
| KR (1) | KR20020043590A (de) |
| AU (1) | AU2748800A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE60032247T2 (de) |
| TW (1) | TWI268275B (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2001023351A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (43)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6476114B2 (en) * | 1997-11-19 | 2002-11-05 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Thermoplastic polymer film comprising a fluorochemical compound |
| US7049379B2 (en) * | 1999-05-11 | 2006-05-23 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Alkylated fluorochemical oligomers and use thereof in the treatment of fibrous substrates |
| US6525127B1 (en) | 1999-05-11 | 2003-02-25 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Alkylated fluorochemical oligomers and use thereof in the treatment of fibrous substrates |
| JP4343354B2 (ja) * | 1999-11-02 | 2009-10-14 | Ａｇｃセイミケミカル株式会社 | 半田用フラックス這い上がり防止剤組成物とその用途 |
| US6753380B2 (en) * | 2001-03-09 | 2004-06-22 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Water-and oil-repellency imparting ester oligomers comprising perfluoroalkyl moieties |
| US20040131836A1 (en) * | 2003-01-02 | 2004-07-08 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Acoustic web |
| US20040231914A1 (en) * | 2003-01-02 | 2004-11-25 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Low thickness sound absorptive multilayer composite |
| US7320739B2 (en) * | 2003-01-02 | 2008-01-22 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Sound absorptive multilayer composite |
| US7078456B2 (en) * | 2003-11-26 | 2006-07-18 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Fluorochemical oligomeric composition and use thereof |
| US7399807B2 (en) * | 2004-07-09 | 2008-07-15 | Unitex Chemical Corporation | Hydrophobic, oleophobic and alcohol-resistant fluorochemical additive |
| US20060013983A1 (en) * | 2004-07-15 | 2006-01-19 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Adhesive delivery of oil and water repellents |
| US7500541B2 (en) * | 2004-09-30 | 2009-03-10 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Acoustic material with liquid repellency |
| US20060194911A1 (en) * | 2005-02-25 | 2006-08-31 | Sterling Robert E | Thermoset polymers with dispersed fluorocarbon additives |
| US20070014997A1 (en) * | 2005-07-14 | 2007-01-18 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Tool and method of making and using the same |
| US7906057B2 (en) * | 2005-07-14 | 2011-03-15 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Nanostructured article and method of making the same |
| US7651863B2 (en) * | 2005-07-14 | 2010-01-26 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Surface-enhanced spectroscopic method, flexible structured substrate, and method of making the same |
| US7390351B2 (en) * | 2006-02-09 | 2008-06-24 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Electrets and compounds useful in electrets |
| WO2009076064A1 (en) * | 2007-12-06 | 2009-06-18 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Electret webs with charge-enhancing additives |
| US8776367B2 (en) | 2008-03-10 | 2014-07-15 | National Taiwan University | Method of manufacturing an electret film |
| US7765698B2 (en) * | 2008-06-02 | 2010-08-03 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Method of making electret articles based on zeta potential |
| PL2294257T3 (pl) * | 2008-06-02 | 2014-06-30 | 3M Innovative Properties Co | Wstęgi elektretowe z dodatkami zwiększającymi ładunek |
| US20110137082A1 (en) * | 2008-06-02 | 2011-06-09 | Li Fuming B | Charge-enhancing additives for electrets |
| TWI462598B (zh) * | 2008-08-06 | 2014-11-21 | Univ Nat Taiwan | 駐極體薄膜之製造方法及包含該駐極體薄膜之揚聲器 |
| EP2330159B1 (de) * | 2008-09-19 | 2013-04-24 | Asahi Glass Company, Limited | Elektret und wandler mit elektrostatischer induktion |
| US20100199520A1 (en) * | 2009-02-06 | 2010-08-12 | Nike, Inc. | Textured Thermoplastic Non-Woven Elements |
| US8906275B2 (en) | 2012-05-29 | 2014-12-09 | Nike, Inc. | Textured elements incorporating non-woven textile materials and methods for manufacturing the textured elements |
| US9682512B2 (en) | 2009-02-06 | 2017-06-20 | Nike, Inc. | Methods of joining textiles and other elements incorporating a thermoplastic polymer material |
| US8850719B2 (en) | 2009-02-06 | 2014-10-07 | Nike, Inc. | Layered thermoplastic non-woven textile elements |
| US20100199406A1 (en) | 2009-02-06 | 2010-08-12 | Nike, Inc. | Thermoplastic Non-Woven Textile Elements |
| US8742022B2 (en) | 2010-12-20 | 2014-06-03 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Coating compositions comprising non-ionic surfactant exhibiting reduced fingerprint visibility |
| US9296904B2 (en) | 2010-12-20 | 2016-03-29 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Coating compositions comprising non-ionic surfactant exhibiting reduced fingerprint visibility |
| US20130255103A1 (en) | 2012-04-03 | 2013-10-03 | Nike, Inc. | Apparel And Other Products Incorporating A Thermoplastic Polymer Material |
| EP2861678B1 (de) | 2012-06-19 | 2017-10-11 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Beschichtungszusammensetzungen mit nichtionischem tensid mit reduzierter sichtbarkeit von fingerabdrücken |
| WO2013191861A1 (en) | 2012-06-19 | 2013-12-27 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Additive comprising low surface energy group and hydroxyl groups and coating compositions |
| US20140102651A1 (en) * | 2012-10-12 | 2014-04-17 | Georgia-Pacific Chemicals Llc | Greaseproof paper with lower content of fluorochemicals |
| RU2622419C2 (ru) * | 2012-12-28 | 2017-06-15 | Сайтек Индастриз Инк. | Ингибирующие коррозию микрогели и содержащие их нехроматированные композиции грунтовочного покрытия |
| TWI555855B (zh) | 2015-12-18 | 2016-11-01 | 財團法人工業技術研究院 | 疏水性合金膜及其製造方法 |
| US10625196B2 (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2020-04-21 | Hollingsworth & Vose Company | Coalescing filter media |
| US10543441B2 (en) | 2016-12-15 | 2020-01-28 | Hollingsworth & Vose Company | Filter media including adhesives and/or oleophobic properties |
| US10898838B2 (en) | 2016-12-15 | 2021-01-26 | Hollingsworth & Vose Company | Filter media including adhesives |
| WO2018169642A1 (en) | 2017-03-17 | 2018-09-20 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Adhesive articles and methods of making the same |
| CN114470971B (zh) * | 2017-03-28 | 2024-03-08 | 霍林斯沃思和沃斯有限公司 | 包含粘合剂和/或疏油特性的过滤介质 |
| CN114075700B (zh) * | 2020-08-19 | 2022-11-29 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | 一种链式预调制熔喷方法、链式预调制熔喷头及熔喷装置 |
Family Cites Families (60)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2841573A (en) | 1955-12-29 | 1958-07-01 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Fluorocarbon vinyl-type esters and polymers |
| US2803656A (en) | 1956-01-23 | 1957-08-20 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Fluorocarbonsulfonamidoalkanols and sulfates thereof |
| US2803615A (en) | 1956-01-23 | 1957-08-20 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Fluorocarbon acrylate and methacrylate esters and polymers |
| US3758447A (en) | 1971-11-17 | 1973-09-11 | Ciba Geigy Corp | Transfer agents free radical polymerization using perfluoroalkyl mercaptans as chain |
| US3899563A (en) | 1971-12-06 | 1975-08-12 | Allied Chem | Synthetic fibers having improved soil and stain repellency |
| US3971373A (en) | 1974-01-21 | 1976-07-27 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Particle-loaded microfiber sheet product and respirators made therefrom |
| NL160303C (nl) | 1974-03-25 | 1979-10-15 | Verto Nv | Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van een vezelfilter. |
| US4100324A (en) | 1974-03-26 | 1978-07-11 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Nonwoven fabric and method of producing same |
| NL181632C (nl) | 1976-12-23 | 1987-10-01 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Electreetfilter en werkwijze voor het vervaardigen daarvan. |
| FR2442861A1 (fr) | 1978-11-14 | 1980-06-27 | Ugine Kuhlmann | Nouveaux produits fluores destines aux traitements oleofuges et hydrofuges de substrats divers et plus particulierement de substrats fibreux |
| US4375718A (en) | 1981-03-12 | 1983-03-08 | Surgikos, Inc. | Method of making fibrous electrets |
| US4429001A (en) | 1982-03-04 | 1984-01-31 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Sheet product containing sorbent particulate material |
| US4588537A (en) | 1983-02-04 | 1986-05-13 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Method for manufacturing an electret filter medium |
| JPS60168511A (ja) | 1984-02-10 | 1985-09-02 | Japan Vilene Co Ltd | エレクトレツトフイルタの製造方法 |
| US4843134A (en) | 1984-03-28 | 1989-06-27 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Acrylate pressure-sensitive adhesives containing insolubles |
| US4619976A (en) | 1984-11-30 | 1986-10-28 | Eastman Kodak Company | Blends of copolyesters and polycarbonate |
| US5025052A (en) | 1986-09-12 | 1991-06-18 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Fluorochemical oxazolidinones |
| JPH0341160A (ja) | 1989-07-07 | 1991-02-21 | Kao Corp | 撥液性のすぐれた熱可塑性樹脂組成物 |
| US5143963A (en) | 1989-12-06 | 1992-09-01 | Res Development Corp. | Thermoplastic polymers with dispersed fluorocarbon additives |
| IT1243747B (it) | 1990-10-24 | 1994-06-21 | Sviluppo Settori Impiego Srl | Composizioni polimeriche oleo-repellenti e loro impiego nella preparazione di corpi formati aventi superfici ad elevata resistenza ai solventi ed elevata repellenza allo sporco. |
| US5145727A (en) | 1990-11-26 | 1992-09-08 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Multilayer nonwoven composite structure |
| US5149576A (en) | 1990-11-26 | 1992-09-22 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Multilayer nonwoven laminiferous structure |
| US5536157A (en) | 1991-03-04 | 1996-07-16 | Ems-Inventa Ag.G. | Apparatus for cooling melt-spun filaments |
| US5314959A (en) | 1991-03-06 | 1994-05-24 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Graft copolymers containing fluoroaliphatic groups |
| US5292796A (en) | 1991-04-02 | 1994-03-08 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Urea-aldehyde condensates and melamine derivatives comprising fluorochemical oligomers |
| US5276175A (en) * | 1991-04-02 | 1994-01-04 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Isocyanate derivatives comprising flourochemical oligomers |
| US5147938A (en) * | 1991-04-02 | 1992-09-15 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Acrylate adhesives containing polymerizable fluorochemical surfactants |
| US5459188A (en) | 1991-04-11 | 1995-10-17 | Peach State Labs, Inc. | Soil resistant fibers |
| US5244951A (en) | 1991-05-02 | 1993-09-14 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Durably hydrophilic, thermoplastic fiber |
| US5380778A (en) | 1992-09-30 | 1995-01-10 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Fluorochemical aminoalcohols |
| US5451622A (en) | 1992-09-30 | 1995-09-19 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Composition comprising thermoplastic polymer and fluorochemical piperazine compound |
| JP3612713B2 (ja) | 1992-11-13 | 2005-01-19 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 非水乳化型表面処理剤組成物 |
| AU669420B2 (en) | 1993-03-26 | 1996-06-06 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Oily mist resistant electret filter media |
| JP3041160B2 (ja) | 1993-05-14 | 2000-05-15 | 沖電気工業株式会社 | 読み取り方法および書き込み・読み取り制御回路 |
| PL173854B1 (pl) | 1993-08-17 | 1998-05-29 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Sposób wytwarzania elektretowego środka filtracyjnego |
| US5508330A (en) | 1994-11-03 | 1996-04-16 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Barrier property enhancement of films and molded articles |
| US5908598A (en) | 1995-08-14 | 1999-06-01 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Fibrous webs having enhanced electret properties |
| DE19539940A1 (de) | 1995-10-26 | 1997-04-30 | Wacker Chemie Gmbh | Fluorsiloxanhaltige Pflegemittel |
| US5798402A (en) | 1995-12-21 | 1998-08-25 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Fluorinated sulfone melt additives for thermoplastic polymers |
| TW376397B (en) | 1995-12-21 | 1999-12-11 | Du Pont | Fluorinated ester melt additives for thermoplastic fibers |
| US5681963A (en) | 1995-12-21 | 1997-10-28 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Fluorinated melt additives for thermoplastic polymers |
| TW426712B (en) | 1995-12-21 | 2001-03-21 | Du Pont | Fluorinated diester melt additives for thermoplastic polymers and their uses |
| JPH09323956A (ja) | 1996-05-31 | 1997-12-16 | Wako Pure Chem Ind Ltd | 新規なコハク酸誘導体 |
| US5998549A (en) * | 1996-05-31 | 1999-12-07 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Durable, low surface energy compounds and articles, apparatuses, and methods for using the same |
| JP3800672B2 (ja) * | 1996-06-11 | 2006-07-26 | 日本油脂株式会社 | 撥水撥油性組成物 |
| JPH108041A (ja) * | 1996-06-21 | 1998-01-13 | Daikin Ind Ltd | 水分散型フッ素系撥水撥油剤 |
| US6225405B1 (en) | 1996-10-09 | 2001-05-01 | Daikin Industries, Ltd. | Water and oil-repellent resin composition |
| JPH10176074A (ja) * | 1996-12-20 | 1998-06-30 | Kurabo Ind Ltd | 撥水性ポリウレタンフォーム |
| WO1998045345A1 (en) * | 1997-04-08 | 1998-10-15 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Mixed fluorochemical hydrocarbon condensates to impart oil and water repellency to a substrate |
| JP3864496B2 (ja) * | 1997-05-09 | 2006-12-27 | ユニマテック株式会社 | 撥水耐油剤 |
| WO1998051727A1 (en) | 1997-05-14 | 1998-11-19 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Fluorochemical composition comprising a polymer derived from a fluorochemical urethane (meth)acrylate monomer for imparting stain release properties to a substrate |
| BR9808778A (pt) | 1997-05-14 | 2000-08-01 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Processo para preparar uma composição fluoroquìmica, composição fluoroquìmica, uso da mesma, processo para tratamento de um substrato, e, substrato |
| BR9809617A (pt) | 1997-05-14 | 2000-07-04 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Processo de tratamento de um substrato, composição fluoroquìmica, uso da composição fluoroquìmica, processo para a preparação da composição fluoroquìmica, e, substrato. |
| US6127485A (en) | 1997-07-28 | 2000-10-03 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | High temperature-stable fluorochemicals as hydrophobic and oleophobic additives to synthetic organic polymers |
| JPH11172126A (ja) * | 1997-12-12 | 1999-06-29 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | 水分散型撥水撥油剤組成物及びその製造方法 |
| JP4510169B2 (ja) * | 1999-03-11 | 2010-07-21 | 石原薬品株式会社 | フルオロ飽和炭化水素基含有化合物、その製造方法、及び表面処理剤及び塗料添加剤 |
| WO2000061697A1 (fr) * | 1999-04-12 | 2000-10-19 | Daikin Industries, Ltd. | Repulsif en poudre pour eau-huile : procede de fabrication et utilisations |
| US6235824B1 (en) | 1999-05-11 | 2001-05-22 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Polish composition and method of use |
| US6288157B1 (en) | 1999-05-11 | 2001-09-11 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Alkylated fluorochemical oligomers and use thereof |
| US6193791B1 (en) * | 1999-09-24 | 2001-02-27 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Polish composition and method of use |
-
1999
- 1999-09-24 US US09/404,747 patent/US6174964B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2000
- 2000-02-01 DE DE60032247T patent/DE60032247T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-02-01 KR KR1020027003837A patent/KR20020043590A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-02-01 EP EP00905881A patent/EP1214297B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-02-01 JP JP2001526505A patent/JP2003510305A/ja active Pending
- 2000-02-01 WO PCT/US2000/002458 patent/WO2001023351A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2000-02-01 AU AU27488/00A patent/AU2748800A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-08-08 TW TW089115925A patent/TWI268275B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-09-29 US US09/677,396 patent/US6284843B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TWI268275B (en) | 2006-12-11 |
| JP2003510305A (ja) | 2003-03-18 |
| US6174964B1 (en) | 2001-01-16 |
| EP1214297B1 (de) | 2006-12-06 |
| WO2001023351A1 (en) | 2001-04-05 |
| AU2748800A (en) | 2001-04-30 |
| DE60032247T2 (de) | 2007-06-28 |
| KR20020043590A (ko) | 2002-06-10 |
| EP1214297A1 (de) | 2002-06-19 |
| US6284843B1 (en) | 2001-09-04 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8364 | No opposition during term of opposition |