DE3626361A1 - BLEACH IMPROVEMENT COMPOSITION - Google Patents

BLEACH IMPROVEMENT COMPOSITION

Info

Publication number
DE3626361A1
DE3626361A1 DE19863626361 DE3626361A DE3626361A1 DE 3626361 A1 DE3626361 A1 DE 3626361A1 DE 19863626361 DE19863626361 DE 19863626361 DE 3626361 A DE3626361 A DE 3626361A DE 3626361 A1 DE3626361 A1 DE 3626361A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
bleach
acid
bleaching
fibers
cellulose fibers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE19863626361
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Naoki Kyochika
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kao Corp
Original Assignee
Kao Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kao Corp filed Critical Kao Corp
Publication of DE3626361A1 publication Critical patent/DE3626361A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
    • D06L4/00—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs
    • D06L4/10—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which develop oxygen
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
    • B22D11/0605—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars formed by two belts, e.g. Hazelett-process
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61B—RAILWAY SYSTEMS; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B61B13/00—Other railway systems
    • B61B13/12—Systems with propulsion devices between or alongside the rails, e.g. pneumatic systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
    • B22D11/0637—Accessories therefor
    • B22D11/068—Accessories therefor for cooling the cast product during its passage through the mould surfaces
    • B22D11/0685—Accessories therefor for cooling the cast product during its passage through the mould surfaces by cooling the casting belts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/14—Closures
    • B22D41/22—Closures sliding-gate type, i.e. having a fixed plate and a movable plate in sliding contact with each other for selective registry of their openings
    • B22D41/28—Plates therefor
    • B22D41/34—Supporting, fixing or centering means therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25C—HAND-HELD NAILING OR STAPLING TOOLS; MANUALLY OPERATED PORTABLE STAPLING TOOLS
    • B25C5/00—Manually operated portable stapling tools; Hand-held power-operated stapling tools; Staple feeding devices therefor
    • B25C5/02—Manually operated portable stapling tools; Hand-held power-operated stapling tools; Staple feeding devices therefor with provision for bending the ends of the staples on to the work
    • B25C5/0285—Hand-held stapling tools, e.g. manually operated, i.e. not resting on a working surface during operation
    • B25C5/0292—Hand-held stapling tools, e.g. manually operated, i.e. not resting on a working surface during operation with the objects to be stapled together introduced perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the tool in an opening formed by an anvil and a plunger
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
    • B27K3/0278—Processes; Apparatus involving an additional treatment during or after impregnation
    • B27K3/0292—Processes; Apparatus involving an additional treatment during or after impregnation for improving fixation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
    • B27K3/08—Impregnating by pressure, e.g. vacuum impregnation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/16—Inorganic impregnating agents
    • B27K3/22—Compounds of zinc or copper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/34—Organic impregnating agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/52—Impregnating agents containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/001—Heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/16—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
    • B29C48/18—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
    • B29C48/21—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers the layers being joined at their surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/305—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets
    • B29C48/307—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets specially adapted for bringing together components, e.g. melts within the die
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F13/00—Common details of rotary presses or machines
    • B41F13/08—Cylinders
    • B41F13/10—Forme cylinders
    • B41F13/12—Registering devices
    • B41F13/14—Registering devices with means for displacing the cylinders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F13/00—Common details of rotary presses or machines
    • B41F13/08—Cylinders
    • B41F13/10—Forme cylinders
    • B41F13/12—Registering devices
    • B41F13/16—Registering devices with means for displacing the printing formes on the cylinders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B39/00—Increasing wheel adhesion
    • B60B39/003—Vehicle mounted non-skid chains actuated by centrifugal force
    • B60B39/006—Vehicle mounted non-skid chains actuated by centrifugal force characterised by a control system for the actuation of the rotating chain wheel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/02—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of driveline clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/06—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/10—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of change-speed gearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/10—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of change-speed gearings
    • B60W10/11—Stepped gearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
    • B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B55/00—Preserving, protecting or purifying packages or package contents in association with packaging
    • B65B55/02—Sterilising, e.g. of complete packages
    • B65B55/022—Sterilising, e.g. of complete packages of flexible containers having a filling and dispensing spout, e.g. containers of the "bag-in-box"-type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B7/00—Closing containers or receptacles after filling
    • B65B7/02—Closing containers or receptacles deformed by, or taking-up shape, of, contents, e.g. bags, sacks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D33/00—Details of, or accessories for, sacks or bags
    • B65D33/16—End- or aperture-closing arrangements or devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D75/00—Packages comprising articles or materials partially or wholly enclosed in strips, sheets, blanks, tubes or webs of flexible sheet material, e.g. in folded wrappers
    • B65D75/52—Details
    • B65D75/58—Opening or contents-removing devices added or incorporated during package manufacture
    • B65D75/5861—Spouts
    • B65D75/5872—Non-integral spouts
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D83/00—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents
    • B65D83/14—Containers for dispensing liquid or semi-liquid contents by internal gaseous pressure, i.e. aerosol containers comprising propellant
    • B65D83/70—Pressure relief devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
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    • B65G47/52—Devices for transferring articles or materials between conveyors i.e. discharging or feeding devices
    • B65G47/60—Devices for transferring articles or materials between conveyors i.e. discharging or feeding devices to or from conveyors of the suspended, e.g. trolley, type
    • B65G47/61—Devices for transferring articles or materials between conveyors i.e. discharging or feeding devices to or from conveyors of the suspended, e.g. trolley, type for articles
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    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B25/00—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
    • C01B25/02—Preparation of phosphorus
    • C01B25/027—Preparation of phosphorus of yellow phosphorus
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B25/00—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
    • C01B25/16—Oxyacids of phosphorus; Salts thereof
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    • C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
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    • C01F7/14—Aluminium oxide or hydroxide from alkali metal aluminates
    • C01F7/144—Aluminium oxide or hydroxide from alkali metal aluminates from aqueous aluminate solutions by precipitation due to cooling, e.g. as part of the Bayer process
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
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    • C11B7/00—Separation of mixtures of fats or fatty oils into their constituents, e.g. saturated oils from unsaturated oils
    • C11B7/0075—Separation of mixtures of fats or fatty oils into their constituents, e.g. saturated oils from unsaturated oils by differences of melting or solidifying points
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
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    • C11D3/39—Organic or inorganic per-compounds
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
    • C21D8/1216—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the working step(s) being of interest
    • C21D8/1222—Hot rolling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/0433—Nickel- or cobalt-based alloys
    • C22C1/0441—Alloys based on intermetallic compounds of the type rare earth - Co, Ni
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Bleichverbesserungsmittel für die Verwendung in Cellulosefasern; sie betrifft insbesondere ein Bleichverbesserungsmittel für die Verwendung in Cellulosefasern, das einen höheren Weißgrad, einen besseren Griff (Anfühlen) und bessere Näh- bzw. Hefteigenschaften ergibt als bei Verwendung eines Cellulosefaser-Bleichbades, das Bleichinhibierungs-Faktoren, wie z. B. harte Zusätze, enthält.The invention relates to a bleach improver for use in cellulose fibers; it concerns in particular a bleach improver for use in cellulose fibers, which has a higher degree of whiteness, a better grip (feel) and better sewing or stapling properties than when using a Cellulose fiber bleach bath, the bleach inhibition factors, such as B. hard additives.

Im allgemeinen bleiben in den Cellulosefasern auch nach dem Raffinieren und Bleichen der Fasern noch natürliche färbende Materialien sowie gefärbte Materialien zurück. Ein konventionelles Bleichverfahren ist beispielsweise das Peroxid-Bleichverfahren, das Chlor-Bleichverfahren, das Natriumchlorit-Bleichverfahren oder dgl., wobei unter diesen das Peroxid-Bleichverfahren allgemein in großem Umfange angewendet wird, da damit das Bleichen in einem einfachen Arbeitsgang durchgeführt werden kann, ohne die Fasern zu beschädigen und da damit ein lang anhaltender Weißgrad erzielt werden kann.In general, the cellulose fibers also remain the refining and bleaching of the fibers is still natural coloring materials as well as colored materials. A conventional bleaching process is, for example Peroxide bleaching process, the chlorine bleaching process, the sodium chlorite bleaching method or the like, wherein under the peroxide bleaching process in general Is used extensively because it bleaching in one simple operation can be done without the Damage fibers and therefore a long-lasting Whiteness can be achieved.

Das Peroxid-Bleichen wird durchgeführt durch Oxidation und Zersetzung der färbenden Materialien in den Cellulosefasern unter Ausnutzung des aus einem Peroxid stammenden naszierenden Sauerstoffs. Da die oxidative Zersetzung wirkungsvoll unter Umständen durchgeführt wird, bei denen der pH-Wert alkalisch ist, wird ein alkalisches Agens, wie z. B. Natriumhydroxid, in Kombination damit verwendet und außerdem wird auch Natriumsilicat als Stabilisator für die Zersetzung des Wasserstoffperoxids unter alkalischen Bedingungen verwendet. Demgemäß enthält die Bleichzusammensetzung Wasserstoffperoxid, ein Alkali (Natriumhydroxid und dgl.) und Natriumsilicat (Molverhältnis SiO2 : Na2O = 2,5 : 1). Wenn die Cellulosefasern unter Verwendung dieser Zusammensetzung gebleicht werden, verbindet sich dann, wenn die Wasserhärte hoch ist, das Natriumsilicat mit den Härte-Bestandteilen im Wasser unter Bildung eines wasserunlöslichen Silicats, wie Calcium- und Magnesiumsilicat, die auf den Fasern abgelagert werden, so daß keine Verbesserung des Weißgrades der Stoffe (Gewebe bzw. Kleider) erzielt wird, der Griff (das Anfühlen) hart und rauh werden und der Reibungskoeffizient mit einer Nähmaschinennadel hoch wird, was Störungen in bezug auf die Näheigenschaften mit sich bringt.Peroxide bleaching is carried out by oxidizing and decomposing the coloring materials in the cellulose fibers using the nascent oxygen derived from a peroxide. Since the oxidative decomposition is effectively carried out under circumstances where the pH is alkaline, an alkaline agent such as. As sodium hydroxide, used in combination with it and also sodium silicate is also used as a stabilizer for the decomposition of the hydrogen peroxide under alkaline conditions. Accordingly, the bleaching composition contains hydrogen peroxide, an alkali (sodium hydroxide and the like) and sodium silicate (molar ratio SiO 2 : Na 2 O = 2.5: 1). When the cellulosic fibers are bleached using this composition, when the water hardness is high, the sodium silicate combines with the hardness components in the water to form a water-insoluble silicate, such as calcium and magnesium silicate, which are deposited on the fibers so that there is no improvement in the whiteness of the fabrics (fabrics or clothes), the feel (feel) becomes hard and rough and the coefficient of friction becomes high with a sewing machine needle, which leads to disturbances in terms of the sewing properties.

Eine Lösung dieses Problems war daher sehr erwünscht.A solution to this problem was therefore very desirable.

Um die vorgenannten Probleme zu lösen, wurden Ethylendiamintetraessigsäure, Diethylentriaminpentaessigsäure, Hydroxyethylendiamintriessigsäure, Nitrilotriessigsäure, Natriumtripolyphosphat und dgl. in Kombination damit je nach Fall, verwendet, die dadurch erzielten Effekte waren jedoch nicht immer zufriedenstellend und bisher konnte keine drastische Lösung der derzeit bestehenden Probleme erzielt werden.To solve the above problems, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, Diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, Hydroxyethylenediamine triacetic acid, nitrilotriacetic acid, Sodium tripolyphosphate and the like in combination therewith depending on the case, uses the effects achieved however, have not always been satisfactory and so far could not find a drastic solution to the current one Problems are achieved.

Bei der Wasserstoffperoxid-Bleiche tritt ferner das Problem auf, daß die Cellulosefasern als Folge des Kontakts mit Metallionen, insbesondere solchen von Eisen, Kupfer, Mangan und dgl., verspröden. Das heißt, durch die Metallionen (hauptsächlich Eisenionen) wird die Zersetzung des Wasserstoffperoxids gefördert oder während der Durchführung der Bleichstufe wird Eisenrost aus dem verwendeten Wasser oder aus der verwendeten Vorrichtung eingeschlossen, so daß Rasiermesserschnittmarkierungen (Kratzer wie diejenigen, die beim Rasiermesserschneiden gebildet werden) oder Lunker auf den aus Cellulosefasern gewirkten Geweben auftreten. Um diese Probleme zu lindern, wurde auch bereits versucht, organische Chelatbildner vom Aminocarboxylat-Typ, insbesondere Diethylentriaminpentaessigsäure und dgl., zuzugeben, diese Chelatbildner sind jedoch bei der üblichen Wasserstoffperoxid-Bleiche, die im alkalischen Bereich durchgeführt wird, nicht wirksam, da sie im hohen pH-Wertbereich (auf der alkalischen Seite) keine chelatbildende Wirkung auf Eisenionen haben. Im Hinblick auf die vorstehenden Ausführungen war es bereits bekannt, einen Zuckeralkohol oder Aldonsäure und dgl. zu verwenden, die im hohen pH-Wertbereich in Kombination mit einem organischen Chelatbildner vom Aminocarboxylat-Typ einen chelatbildenden Effekt auf Eisen aufweisen (vgl. japanische Patentpublikationen 30 184/1986 und 30 185/1986), ihr Effekt ist jedoch nicht immer zufriedenstellend und hat bisher nicht zu einer drastischen Lösung der obigen Probleme geführt.The problem also occurs with hydrogen peroxide bleaching on that the cellulose fibers as a result of the contact with metal ions, especially those of iron, copper, Manganese and the like, become brittle. That is, through the metal ions (mainly iron ions) will decompose the Hydrogen peroxide promoted or while performing the bleaching stage, iron rust is used from the Water or from the device used, so that razor cut marks (scratches like those formed when razor cutting or blowholes on the knitted from cellulose fibers Tissues occur. To alleviate these problems Organic chelating agents have also been tried of the aminocarboxylate type, especially diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid  and the like, admit these chelating agents but with the usual hydrogen peroxide bleach, which is carried out in the alkaline range, is not effective, since they are in the high pH range (on the alkaline Side) no chelating effect on iron ions to have. In view of the above it was already known to be a sugar alcohol or aldonic acid and the like. To be used in the high pH range in combination with an organic chelating agent from Aminocarboxylate type a chelating effect Have iron (see Japanese patent publications 30 184/1986 and 30 185/1986), but their effect is not always satisfactory and has never been one drastic solution to the above problems.

Nach umfangreichen Untersuchungen mit dem Ziel, die obengenannten, bei Cellulosefasern auftretenden Bleichprobleme zu lösen, wurde nun erfindungsgemäß gefunden, daß die obengenannten Probleme gelöst werden können durch kombinierte Verwendung einer spezifischen Polycarbonsäure und eines Zuckeralkohols und/oder von Aldonsäure.After extensive investigations with the aim of bleaching problems with cellulose fibers To solve, it has now been found according to the invention that the above Problems can be solved through combined Use of a specific polycarboxylic acid and one Sugar alcohol and / or aldonic acid.

Gegenstand der Erfindung ist eine Bleichverbesserungs- Zusammensetzung, die für Cellulosefasern geeignet ist und dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß sie enthält,
a) ein Polymeres, ein Coplymeres oder ein Salz davon von Maleinsäure, Acrylsäure oder Methacrylsäure und
b-1) einen Saccharosealkohol der Formel CH2OH(CHOH)nCH2OH, worin n eine ganze Zahl von 2 bis 6 bedeutet,
b-2) eine Aldonsäure der Formel CH2OH(CHOH)nCOOH, worin n eine ganze Zahl von 2 bis 6 bedeutet,
b-3) ein wasserlösliches Salz des Alkohols oder der Säure oder
b-4) ein Lacton des Alkohols oder der Säure. The invention relates to a bleach improvement composition which is suitable for cellulose fibers and is characterized in that it contains
a) a polymer, a copolymer or a salt thereof of maleic acid, acrylic acid or methacrylic acid and
b-1) a sucrose alcohol of the formula CH 2 OH (CHOH) n CH 2 OH, where n is an integer from 2 to 6,
b-2) an aldonic acid of the formula CH 2 OH (CHOH) n COOH, where n is an integer from 2 to 6,
b-3) a water-soluble salt of alcohol or acid or
b-4) a lactone of alcohol or acid.

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft somit ein Bleichverbesserungsmittel für die Verwendung in Verbindung mit Cellulosefasern, das umfaßt
a) ein Polymeres, ein Copolymeres oder ein Salz davon, bestehend aus einem oder mehr Elementen, die ausgewählt werden aus der Gruppe, die besteht aus Maleinsäure, Acrylsäure und Methacrylsäure als Struktureinheit und
b) einen Zuckeralkohol der allgemeinen Formel CH2OH(CHOH)n- CH2OH (worin n eine ganze Zahl von 2 bis 6 bedeutet) und/oder eine Aldonsäure der allgemeinen Formel CH2OH(CHOH)nCOOH, (worin n eine ganze Zahl von 2 bis 6 bedeutet), ein wasserlösliches Salz derselben oder ein Lacton derselben.The present invention thus relates to a bleach improver for use in connection with cellulose fibers which comprises
a) a polymer, a copolymer or a salt thereof, consisting of one or more elements which are selected from the group consisting of maleic acid, acrylic acid and methacrylic acid as structural unit and
b) a sugar alcohol of the general formula CH 2 OH (CHOH) n - CH 2 OH (in which n is an integer from 2 to 6) and / or an aldonic acid of the general formula CH 2 OH (CHOH) n COOH, (in which n represents an integer from 2 to 6), a water-soluble salt thereof or a lactone thereof.

Als Bestandteil (a) werden in dem erfindungsgemäßen Bleichverbesserungsmittel solche mit einem zahlendurchschnittlichen Molekulargewicht von 300 bis 8000 bevorzugt verwendet.As component (a) in the bleach-improving agent according to the invention those with an average number Molecular weight of 300 to 8000 is preferably used.

Zu Beispielen für geeignete Salze des Bestandteils (a), die erfindungsgemäß verwendbar sind, gehören Alkalimetallsalze, Ammoniumsalze sowie Alkanolaminsalze, wie Salze von Diethanolamin und Triethanolamin, und es können nichtneutralisierte Anteile so wie sie vorliegen in einem solchen Umfang zurückbleiben, daß sie die vorteilhaften Eigenschaften (das Leistungsvermögen) nicht beeinträchtigen.Examples of suitable salts of component (a), which can be used according to the invention include alkali metal salts, Ammonium salts and alkanolamine salts, such as salts of diethanolamine and triethanolamine, and it can be unneutralized Shares as they exist in one remain to such an extent that they are advantageous Do not affect properties (performance).

Das als Komponente (a) verwendbare Polymere oder Copolymere kann ferner bis zu einem solchen Umfang, daß die vorteilhaften Eigenschaften (das Leistungsvermögen) nicht beeinträchtigt werden, solche umfassen, die erhalten werden durch Copolymerisieren eines anderen Monomeren als Maleinsäure, Acrylsäure und Methacrylsäure, und zu solchen erfindungsgemäß verwendbaren Monomeren können gehören Acrylsäureamid, verschiedene Arten von Sulfonsäuren, wie Methacrylsäulfonsäure oder Vinylsulfonsäure, 2-Hydroxyethylacrylat, verschiedene Acrylsäureester, verschiedene Methacrylsäureester, N-Methylolacrylamid oder andere copolymerisierbare Substanzen.The polymer or copolymer that can be used as component (a) can also to such an extent that the advantageous properties (performance) not be affected, include those that get are obtained by copolymerizing a monomer other than Maleic acid, acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, and such Monomers that can be used according to the invention may include Acrylic acid amide, various types of sulfonic acids, such as Methacrylic acid or vinyl sulfonic acid, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, different acrylic acid esters, different  Methacrylic acid ester, N-methylolacrylamide or others copolymerizable substances.

Zu Zuckeralkoholen der allgemeinen Formel CH2OH(CHOH)nCH2OH, die als Bestandteil (b) in dem erfindungsgemäßen Bleichverbesserungsmittel verwendet werden können, können beispielsweise gehören D-Sorbit, D-Mannit, D-Xylit und Erytrhomannooctitol. Zu den Aldonsäuren der allgemeinen Formel CH2OH(CHOH)nCOOH, die erfindungsgemäß verwendet werden können, können beispielsweise gehören solche Aldonsäuren, die erhalten werden aus Aldosen, wie D-Mannose, D-Xylose und D-Glucose. Außerdem können wasserlösliche Salze dieser Säuren, wie z. B. die Natrium- und Kaliumsalze, oder Lactone dieser Säuren ebenfalls verwendet werden.Sugar alcohols of the general formula CH 2 OH (CHOH) n CH 2 OH which can be used as component (b) in the bleaching improver according to the invention can include, for example, D-sorbitol, D-mannitol, D-xylitol and erythromannooctitol. The aldonic acids of the general formula CH 2 OH (CHOH) n COOH which can be used according to the invention can include, for example, those aldonic acids which are obtained from aldoses such as D-mannose, D-xylose and D-glucose. In addition, water-soluble salts of these acids, such as. B. the sodium and potassium salts, or lactones of these acids can also be used.

Die vorstehend beschriebenen Bestandteile (a) und (b) können in Kombination in dem erfindungsgemäßen Bleichverbesserungsmittel für die Verwendung in Verbindung mit Cellulosefasern eingesetzt werden, wobei das Mischungsverhältnis zwischen den Bestandteilen (a) und (b), bezogen auf das Gewicht, vorzugsweise in dem Bereich (a) : (b) = 10 bis 90 : 90 bis 10, insbesondere in dem Bereich (a) : (b) = 40 bis 60 : 60 bis 40, liegt.The components (a) and (b) described above can in combination in the bleach improver according to the invention for use in connection with cellulose fibers are used, the mixing ratio between components (a) and (b), based on the Weight, preferably in the range (a): (b) = 10 to 90: 90 to 10, especially in the area (a): (b) = 40 to 60: 60 to 40.

In das erfindungsgemäße Bleichverbesserungsmittel für die Verwendung in Cellulosefasern können ferner eingearbeitet werden anionische, kationische und nicht-ionische oberflächenaktive Agentien in einem solchen Umfang, daß die vorteilhaften Eigenschaften (das Leistungsvermögen) dadurch nicht beeinträchtigt werden. Zu Beispielen für oberflächenaktive Agentien, die in das erfindungsgemäße Bleichverbesserungsmittel für die Verwendung in Cellulosefasern eingearbeitet werden können, können gehören Polyoxyethylenalkyläther, Polyoxyethylenalkylamin, sulfatierter Polyoxyethylenalkyläther, sulfatierter Fettsäureester und amphotere oberflächenaktive Agentien vom Betain-Typ.In the bleach improver according to the invention for the use in cellulose fibers can also be incorporated become anionic, cationic and non-ionic to such an extent that advantageous properties (performance) not be affected. For examples for surface-active agents in the invention Bleach improvers for use in Cellulose fibers can be incorporated can include Polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkylamine, sulfated polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, sulfated Fatty acid esters and amphoteric surfactants  betaine type.

Ein erwünschter Bereich für die Verwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Bleichverbesserungsmittels liegt im allgemeinen innerhalb des Bereiches von 0,01 bis 20 g (umgerechnet als Feststoffgehalt)/l, vorzugsweise innerhalb des Bereiches von 0,04 bis 10 g (umgerechnet als Feststoffgehalt)/l, bezogen auf das Bleichbad.A desirable range for the use of the present invention Bleach improver is generally within the range of 0.01 to 20 g (converted as solids content) / l, preferably within in the range from 0.04 to 10 g (converted as solids content) / l, based on the bleaching bath.

Zu Bespielen für Cellulosefasern, auf die das erfindungsgemäße Bleichverbesserungsmittel angewendet werden kann, können gehören zusätzlich zu natürlichen Cellulosefasern, wie Baumwoll- und Leinenfasern, Mischfasern, bestehend aus diesen natürlichen Cellulosefasern und Kunstfasern, wie Nylon, Polyester und Acryl, sowie ferner Mischfasern mit halbsynthetischen Fasern, wie Acetatfasern, und Mischfasern mit regenerierten Fasern, wie z. B. Rayon und Cupra. Außerdem können sie beim Bleichen in beliebigen Formen vorliegen, beispielsweise als Fasern, Garne, Vorgespinste, Käseformen, gewebte Gewebe, gewirkte Gewebe, nicht-gewebte Gewebe und ferner als Faserendprodukte, wie z. B. Kleider oder Schlafzimmer-Produkte.For example, for cellulose fibers on which the invention Bleach improver can be applied can also belong to natural cellulose fibers, such as cotton and linen fibers, mixed fibers from these natural cellulose fibers and synthetic fibers, such as nylon, polyester and acrylic, as well as mixed fibers with semi-synthetic fibers, such as acetate fibers, and Mixed fibers with regenerated fibers, such as. B. Rayon and Cupra. They can also be used in bleaching in any Shapes exist, for example as fibers, yarns, rovings, Cheese molds, woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, non-woven fabrics and also as fiber end products, such as B. dresses or bedroom products.

Zum Bleichen der Cellulosefasern können konventionelle Verfahren angewendet werden und die anwendbaren Verfahren können umfassen das Bügel-Wasserdampf-Verfahren, das Siedeverfahren unter Druck, das Tauchverfahren bei einer Temperatur von etwa 60 bis 100°C oder andere Verfahren.Conventional can be used to bleach the cellulose fibers Procedures applied and the applicable procedures can include the ironing steam method, the Boiling process under pressure, the immersion process at a Temperature of about 60 to 100 ° C or other processes.

Außerdem kann das erfindungsgemäße Bleichverbesserungsmittel nicht nur zum Bleichen, wie vorstehend beschrieben, angewendet werden, sondern es kann auch zum Bleichen angewendet werden, das gleichzeitig mit anderen Verfahren durchgeführt wird, wie z. B. zum Reinigungs(Entfettungs)- Bleichen und zum Entschlichtungs-Reinigungs-Bleichen.In addition, the bleach improver according to the invention can not just for bleaching as described above, applied, but it can also be used for bleaching be that at the same time as other procedures is carried out such. B. for cleaning (degreasing) - Bleaching and desizing-cleaning-bleaching.

Wenn man das Bleichen der Cellulosefasern durchführt, indem man dafür sorgt, daß zusammen mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Bleichverbesserungsmittel Wasserstoffperoxid, Alkali und Natriumsilicat vorhanden sind, können Fasern mit einem noch besseren Weißgrad, mit einem noch besseren Griff (Anfühlen) und noch besseren Näheigenschaften und dgl. erhalten werden, verglichen mit dem konventionellen Bleichverfahren, für den Fall, daß Metallionen, wie z. B. Eisenionen, welche die Zersetzung von Wasserstoffperoxid fördern, in Wasser enthalten sind.When you bleach the cellulose fibers,  by ensuring that together with the invention Bleach improver hydrogen peroxide, Alkali and sodium silicate can be present in fibers with an even better whiteness, with an even better one Grip (feel) and even better sewing properties and the like can be obtained compared to the conventional one Bleaching process, in the event that metal ions such. B. iron ions, which promote the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, are contained in water.

Obgleich derzeit der Mechanismus nicht völlig geklärt ist, nach dem die bisher bestehenden Bleichprobleme dadurch gelöst werden können, daß das erfindungsgemäße Bleichverbesserungsmittel zusammen mit Wasserstoffperoxid, Alkali und Natriumsilicat beim Bleichen der Cellulosefasern vorliegen, kann angenommen werden, daß dies auf das ausgezeichnete Metallionen-Chelatbildungsvermögen des erfindungsgemäßen Bleichverbesserungsmittels zurückzuführen ist. Das heißt, wenn die Wasserhärte hoch ist, werden durch das erfindungsgemäße Bleichverbesserungsmittel die Härtebestandteile in ein Chelat überführt, wodurch die Bildung von wasserunlöslichen Substanzen verhindert wird oder die aus dem Wasser und den Fasern stammenden wasserlöslichen Substanzen dispergiert werden, wodurch verhindert wird, daß sie sich auf den Fasern wieder abscheiden. Wenn Substanzen, welche die Zersetzung des Wasserstoffperoxids fördern, wie z. B. Eisenionen, in dem System enthalten sind, werden durch das erfindungsgemäße Bleichverbesserungsmittel die Metallionen in ein Chelat überführt oder dispergiert, wodurch verhindert wird, daß sie mit den Fasern in Kontakt kommen.Although the mechanism is currently not fully understood, after which the existing bleaching problems can be solved that the bleach improver according to the invention together with hydrogen peroxide, alkali and sodium silicate in bleaching the cellulose fibers , it can be assumed that this is due to the excellent Metal ion chelating ability of the invention Bleach improver is. That is, when the water hardness is high, through the bleach improver according to the invention contains the hardness constituents chelated, causing formation is prevented by water-insoluble substances or the water-soluble from water and fibers Substances are dispersed, which prevents is that they deposit on the fibers again. If substances that decompose the hydrogen peroxide promote such. B. iron ions contained in the system are, by the bleach improver according to the invention chelated the metal ions or dispersed, which prevents them from being mixed with the Fibers come into contact.

Die Erfindung wird in den folgenden Mischungsbeispielen und Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert, ohne jedoch darauf beschränkt zu sein. The invention is illustrated in the following mixture examples and embodiments explained in more detail, but without to be limited to that.  

MischungsbeispielMix example

Die in der folgenden Tabelle I angebebenen Mischungsbeispiele wurden als erfindungsgemäße Bleichverbesserungsmittel für die Verwendung in Cellulosefasern erhalten.The mixture examples given in Table I below were used as bleach improvers according to the invention obtained for use in cellulose fibers.

Als Vergleichs-Mischungsbeispiel 1 wurde hergestellt eine Mischung aus Diethylentriaminpentaessigsäure und D-Sorbit in einem Mischungsverhältnis von 50 : 50 (bezogen auf das Gewicht).As a comparative mixture example 1 was prepared a mixture of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid and D-sorbitol in a mixing ratio of 50:50 (related on the weight).

Tabelle ITable I Beispiel 1example 1

Gewirkte Gewebe von grauen Putzlappen wurden unter Verwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Bleichverbesserungsmittels gebleicht und die Bleicheigenschaften wurden untersucht. Die Ergebnisse sind in der weiter unten folgenden Tabelle II angegeben.Knitted fabrics from gray swabs were used of the bleach improver according to the invention bleached and the bleaching properties were examined. The results are shown in Table II below specified.

BleichbedingungenBleaching conditions Bewertungrating

Der Griff (das Anfühlen) des behandelten Gewebes (Stoffes) wurde nach dem funktionellen Testverfahren beurteilt. Der Weißgrad wurde unter Verwendung eines SM-Farbcomputers Modell SM-3, hergestellt von der Firma Suga Tester K.K., gemessen und bewertet durch Bestimmung des Weißgrades (W) entsprechend der Weißgrad-Gleichung für das Laborsystem: The feel (feel) of the treated fabric was evaluated according to the functional test method. The whiteness was measured using an SM color computer model SM-3, manufactured by Suga Tester KK, and evaluated by determining the whiteness ( W ) according to the whiteness equation for the laboratory system:

Die Näheigenschaften wurden bewertet an Hand der Anzahl der Ablösungen, die bei den verarbeiteten Garnen bei Anwendung eines Flachstichnähens für übereinandergelegte vier Gewebe (Stoffe) über eine Länge von 30 cm unter Verwendung einer Nadel Nr. 11S mittels einer Befestigungsstich- Nähmaschine erhalten wurden. The sewing properties were evaluated based on the number of peelings obtained from the processed yarns using flat stitch sewing for four superimposed four fabrics over a length of 30 cm using a No. 11S needle using a fastening stitch sewing machine.

Wie aus der Tabelle II ersichtlich, war die Probe (Nr. 1), die unter Verwendung nur von Wasserstoffperoxid, Natriumhydroxid und Natriumsilicat Nr. 3 gebleicht worden war, hart im Griff und sie wies einen schlechten Weißgrad und schlechte Näheigenschaften auf, und die Proben (Nr. 2 bis 4), die unter Verwendung von Ethylendiamintetraessigsäure gebleicht worden waren, oder die Proben, die in Kombination mit der Vergleichsverbindung gebleicht worden waren, wiesen keine bemerkenswerte Verbesserung der Bleicheigenschaften auf. Dagegen wiesen die Proben (Nr. 5 bis 12), die unter Verwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Bleichverbesserungsmittels in Kombination damit gebleicht worden waren, einen weichen Griff (ein weiches Anfühlen) auf und sie wiesen einen ausgezeichneten Weißgrad und ausgezeichnet- Näheigenschaften auf, was ihre vorteilhaften Bleicheigenschaften anzeigt. Außerdem war die Probe (Nr. 3), die unter Verwendung von Natriumpolyacrylat als eines der Ausgangsmaterialien für das erfindungsgemäße Mischungsprodukt in Kombination damit gebleicht worden war, weich im Griff und sie war bevorzugt in bezug auf den Weißgrad und die Näheigenschaften, sie erreichte jedoch nicht das Niveau, das mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Bleichverbesserungsmittel erreicht wurde.As can be seen from Table II, the sample (No. 1) was those using only hydrogen peroxide, sodium hydroxide and # 3 sodium silicate had been bleached, hard to handle and she had poor whiteness and poor sewing properties, and the samples (No. 2 to 4) using ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid had been bleached, or the samples in Combination with the comparison compound has been bleached showed no remarkable improvement in bleaching properties on. In contrast, the samples (No. 5 to 12) those using the bleach improver of the present invention had been bleached in combination with a soft grip (a soft feel) on it showed excellent whiteness and excellent Sewing properties on what their beneficial bleaching properties displays. In addition, the sample (No. 3) was below Use of sodium polyacrylate as one of the starting materials for the mixture product according to the invention bleached in combination, soft to the touch and it was preferred in terms of whiteness and Sewing characteristics, but it did not reach the level that with the bleach improver according to the invention was achieved.

Beispiel 2Example 2

In Gegenwart von Eisenionen wurde ein entschlichtetes nicht-gereinigtes Baumwoll-Flachgewebe gebleicht, um die Bleicheigenschaften zu untersuchen. Die Ergebnisse sind in der folgenden Tabelle III angegeben.In the presence of iron ions, a desized non-cleaned cotton flat fabrics bleached to the To investigate bleaching properties. The results are given in Table III below.

BleichbedingungenBleaching conditions Bewertungrating

Die Bewertung erfolgte durch Bestimmung des Weißgrades (W) nach dem gleichen Verfahren wie in Beispiel 1. Die Reißfestigkeit wurde gemessen unter Verwendung einer Elmendorf-Reißtestvorrichtung, mit deren Hilfe ein 2 cm-Einschnitt in einem rechten Winkel zum Mittelabschnitt einer 6,5 cm × 10 cm großen Probe (die Kettfäden verliefen entlang der Richtung der längeren Seite) vorgenommen wurde, wobei beide Enden festgehalten wurden, wobei das Dreifache des maximalen Gewichts (g), das an einem Punkt auftrat, wenn die restlichen 4,5 cm- Abschnitte eingerissen wurden, gemessen wurde, der Durchschnittswert desselben bestimmt wurde und der Wert durch einen Wert für das unbehandelte Gewebe dividiert wurde, um den Quotienten als Reißfestigkeit abzuschätzen. The evaluation was made by determining the degree of whiteness ( W ) by the same method as in Example 1. The tear strength was measured using an Elmendorf tear tester, which was used to make a 2 cm incision at right angles to the center portion of a 6.5 cm × 10 cm sample (the warps ran along the longer side direction) with both ends held tight, three times the maximum weight (g) that occurred at one point when the remaining 4.5 cm sections were torn were measured, the average value thereof was determined and the value was divided by a value for the untreated fabric in order to estimate the quotient as tensile strength.

Wie aus der Tabelle III hervorgeht, wies die Probe (Nr. 13), die unter Verwendung nur von Wasserstoffperoxid und Natriumhydroxid gebleicht worden war, einen geringen Weißgrad auf und bei ihr trat eine starke Abnahme der Reißfestigkeit auf. Die Probe (Nr. 14), die unter Verwendung des Vergleichsmischungsbeispiels 1 oder unter Verwendung von Diethylentriaminpentaessigsäure, Natriumpolyacrylat und Natriumgluconat in Kombination gebleicht worden war, wies keine ausreichende Verbesserung in bezug auf die Bleicheigenschaften auf. Andererseits wiesen die Proben (Nr. 18 bis 25), die unter Verwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Bleichverbesserungsmittels in Kombination gebleicht worden waren, vorteilhafte Eigenschaften auf.As can be seen from Table III, the sample showed (# 13) using only hydrogen peroxide and sodium hydroxide had been bleached, one low whiteness and there was a sharp decrease the tensile strength. The sample (No. 14), the using Comparative Mixing Example 1 or using diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, Sodium polyacrylate and sodium gluconate in combination had been bleached, did not show sufficient Improvement in bleaching properties. On the other hand, the samples (Nos. 18 to 25) showed the using the bleach improver according to the invention bleached in combination advantageous properties.

Beispiel 3Example 3

Baumwoll-Twillgewebe, die bereits einer Reinigungs-Bleichung unterworfen worden waren, wurden in Gegenwart von Eisenionen in einer hohen Konzentration gebleicht und die Gewebeverunreinigung wurde bewertet. Die Ergebnisse sind in der folgenden Tabelle IV angegeben.Cotton twill that is already a cleaning bleach had been subjected in the presence of Iron ions bleached and in a high concentration tissue contamination was assessed. The results are given in Table IV below.

BleichbedingungenBleaching conditions Bewertungrating

Die Bleicheigenschaften wurden bewertet durch Bestimmung des Weißgrades (W) und der Reißfestigkeit nach dem gleichen Verfahren wie in Beispiel 2. The bleaching properties were evaluated by determining the whiteness ( W ) and the tensile strength by the same method as in Example 2.

Die vorstehenden Angaben zeigen, daß das Gewebe stärker verunreinigt war, da der Weißgrad niedriger war als derjenige des Ausgangsgewebes.The above information shows that the fabric is stronger was contaminated because the whiteness was lower than that of the starting tissue.

Wie aus den Ergebnissen der Tabelle IV hervorgeht, war die Probe (Nr. 26), die unter Verwendung nur von Wasserstoffperoxid und Natriumhydroxid gebleicht worden war, stark verunreinigt und die Reißfestigkeit war ebenfalls stark vermindert. Die Proben (Nr. 27 bis 30), die unter Verwendung von Diethylentriaminpentaessigsäure, D-Sorbit, der Vergleichsmischungsbeispiele, des Copolymeren (1) und dgl. in Kombination gebleicht worden waren, wiesen keine Verbesserung in bezug auf die Verunreinigung auf. Andererseits konnte in den Proben (Nr. 31 bis 38), die unter Verwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Bleichverbesserungsmittels in Kombination gebleicht worden waren, die Verunreinigung im wesentlichen verhindert werden und sie wiesen einen Weißgrad und eine Reißfestigkeit auf, die denjenigen des Ausgangsgewebes entsprachen.As can be seen from the results of Table IV, the sample (No. 26), using only hydrogen peroxide and sodium hydroxide had been bleached, heavily contaminated and the tear resistance was also greatly reduced. The samples (No. 27 to 30), which are listed under Use of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, D-sorbitol, the comparative mixture examples, the copolymer (1) and Like. Had been bleached in combination, none Improvement in terms of pollution. On the other hand could be found in the samples (Nos. 31 to 38) below Use of the bleach improver according to the invention had been bleached in combination, the contamination essentially be prevented and they expelled you Whiteness and tear resistance that match those of Corresponded to the starting tissue.

Die Erfindung wurde zwar vorstehend unter Bezugnahme auf spezifische bevorzugte Ausführungsformen näher erläutert, es ist jedoch für den Fachmann selbstverständlich, daß sie darauf keineswegs beschränkt ist, sondern daß diese in vielfacher Hinsicht abgeändert und modifiziert werden können, ohne daß dadurch der Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung verlassen wird.While the invention has been described above with reference to specific preferred embodiments explained in more detail, however, it is understood by those skilled in the art that they is by no means limited to this, but that this in changed and modified in many ways can, without thereby the framework of the present Invention is left.

Claims (3)

1. Bleichverbesserungs-Zusammensetzung, die für Cellulosefasern geeignet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie enthält
a) ein Polymeres, ein Copolymeres oder ein Salz davon von Maleinsäure, Acrylsäure oder Methacrylsäure und
b-1) einen Saccharosealkohol der Formel
CH2OH(CHOH)nCH2OH, worin n eine ganze Zahl von 2 bis 6 bedeutet,
b-2) eine Aldonsäure der Formel
CH2OH(CHOH)nCOOH, worin n eine ganze Zahl von 2 bis 6 bedeutet,
b-3) ein wasserlösliches Salz des Alkohols oder der Säure oder b-4) ein Lacton des Alkohols oder der Säure.1. Bleach- improving composition, which is suitable for cellulose fibers, characterized in that it contains
a) a polymer, a copolymer or a salt thereof of maleic acid, acrylic acid or methacrylic acid and
b-1) a sucrose alcohol of the formula
CH 2 OH (CHOH) n CH 2 OH, where n is an integer from 2 to 6,
b-2) an aldonic acid of the formula
CH 2 OH (CHOH) n COOH, where n is an integer from 2 to 6,
b-3) a water soluble salt of the alcohol or acid or b-4) a lactone of the alcohol or acid. 2. Zusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie enthält
10 bis 90 Gew.-% der Komponente (a) und 90 bis 10 Gew.-% der Komponente (b-1), (b-2), (b-3) und/oder (b-4). 2. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains
10 to 90% by weight of component (a) and 90 to 10% by weight of component (b-1), (b-2), (b-3) and / or (b-4). 3. Zusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1 und/oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Komponente (a) ein zahlendurchschnittliches Molekulargewicht von 300 bis 8000 hat.3. Composition according to claim 1 and / or 2, characterized characterized in that component (a) is an average number Has molecular weight from 300 to 8000.
DE19863626361 1985-08-05 1986-08-04 BLEACH IMPROVEMENT COMPOSITION Withdrawn DE3626361A1 (en)

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DE19935258A1 (en) * 1999-07-27 2001-02-01 Henkel Kgaa Bleaching compositions
DE102005005016A1 (en) * 2005-02-03 2006-08-10 Basf Ag Polymers hydrophobic aminonitrile quats for bleach activation
EP2228426A1 (en) * 2009-03-13 2010-09-15 Rohm and Haas Company Scale-reducing additive for automatic dishwashing systems
CN103492632B (en) * 2012-02-24 2015-07-08 日华化学株式会社 Agent and method for refining and bleaching
CN105625013B (en) * 2016-01-25 2018-02-16 苏州印丝特纺织数码科技有限公司 A kind of polyacrylic hydrogen peroxide stabilizer for being used to weave and preparation method thereof

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LU70411A1 (en) * 1974-06-25 1976-04-13
LU74434A1 (en) * 1976-02-25 1977-09-12
US4515597A (en) * 1982-12-10 1985-05-07 Ciba Geigy Corporation Magnesium complexes of oligomeric phosphonic acid esters, a process for their preparation and their use as stabilizers in alkaline, peroxide-containing bleach liquors
JPS59211673A (en) * 1983-05-12 1984-11-30 花王株式会社 Bleachability enhancer
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JPS64502B2 (en) 1989-01-06
IT1197844B (en) 1988-12-06
KR870002323A (en) 1987-03-30
JPS6232195A (en) 1987-02-12
GB2178769A (en) 1987-02-18
GB2178769B (en) 1989-04-05
CN86104895A (en) 1987-02-04
KR910002919B1 (en) 1991-05-10
CN1007523B (en) 1990-04-11
IT8621410A0 (en) 1986-08-05
GB8619058D0 (en) 1986-09-17

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