DE3602370A1 - Use of analgesics by inhalation - Google Patents
Use of analgesics by inhalationInfo
- Publication number
- DE3602370A1 DE3602370A1 DE19863602370 DE3602370A DE3602370A1 DE 3602370 A1 DE3602370 A1 DE 3602370A1 DE 19863602370 DE19863602370 DE 19863602370 DE 3602370 A DE3602370 A DE 3602370A DE 3602370 A1 DE3602370 A1 DE 3602370A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- morphine
- inhalation
- patients
- analgesics
- analgesic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/007—Pulmonary tract; Aromatherapy
- A61K9/0073—Sprays or powders for inhalation; Aerolised or nebulised preparations generated by other means than thermal energy
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/47—Quinolines; Isoquinolines
- A61K31/485—Morphinan derivatives, e.g. morphine, codeine
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Otolaryngology (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft die Verwendung von Analgetika, sowie ein Analgetikum enthaltendes Arzneimittel und ein Verfahren zur Anwendung von Morphinderivaten zur Schmerzbehandlung.The invention relates to the use of analgesics, as well as a Medicament containing analgesic and a method of use of morphine derivatives for pain treatment.
Dahlström und Mitarbeiter haben festgestellt, daß der intravenöse Morphinbedarf bei Patienten unter einer Morphininfusionsbehandlung postoperativ im Mittel 2,6 mg/Std beträgt (Dahlström et al., Clinical Pharmacokinetics 7, 1982, 266-279), der eine minimale analgetisch effektive Morphinkonzentration von 16 ng/ml hervorruft. Nach intravenöser Gabe eines Morphinbolus bei Kindern (0,1 mg/kg KG) wurde eine minimale analgetisch effektive Morphinkonzentration von 65 ng/ml gefunden (Dahlström et al., Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 26, 1979, 354-365).Dahlström and co-workers have found that the intravenous Morphine requirement in patients on morphine infusion treatment postoperative mean 2.6 mg / h (Dahlström et al., Clinical Pharmacokinetics 7, 1982, 266-279), which is minimal effective analgesic morphine concentration of 16 ng / ml. After intravenous morphine bolus in children (0.1 mg / kg body weight) became a minimal analgesic effective Morphine concentration of 65 ng / ml found (Dahlström et al., Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 26, 1979, 354-365).
Bei niereninsuffizienten Patienten kann die Morphinkonzentration bei üblicher Morphindosierung jedoch toxische Bereiche erlangen (Shelly et al., Br. med. J. 289, 1984, 1071-1072). Dabei besteht zwischen der Morphinkonzentration und der eingeschränkten Nierenfunktion eine Korrelation (Ball et al., Lancet I, 1985, 784-786; McQuay et al., Lancet II, 1984, 284-285; Aitkenhead et al., Br. J. Anaesth. 56, 1984, 813-819), da die Elimination von Morphin über die Niere an eine intakte Nierenfunktion gebunden ist (Sear et al., Anesth. Analg. 65, 1985, 1065-1070).In patients with renal insufficiency, the morphine concentration can be reduced however, with normal morphine dosing, reach toxic areas (Shelly et al., Br. Med. J. 289, 1984, 1071-1072). There is between the morphine concentration and the restricted Kidney function correlated (Ball et al., Lancet I, 1985, 784-786; McQuay et al., Lancet II, 1984, 284-285; Aitkenhead et al., Br. J. Anesth. 56, 1984, 813-819) since the elimination of Morphine bound to an intact kidney function via the kidney (Sear et al., Anesth. Analg. 65, 1985, 1065-1070).
Der größte Teil des freien, absorbierten Morphins wird in der Leber in das biologisch inaktive Morphin-3-glukuronid umgewandelt (Boerner et al., Drug Metab. Rev. 4, 1975, 39-73; Schulz et al., J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 183, 1972, 404-410). Die Morphin-6- derivate dagegen sind analgetisch sehr viel potenter und besitzen eine längere Halbwertszeit als Morphin (Mori et al., Life Sci. 11, 1972, 525-533) und eine sehr viel höhere Affinität zur Hirnsubstanz als Morphin (Yoshimura et al., Chem. Pharm. Bull. 24, 1976, 901-906). Die Halbwertszeit des freien Morphins wird im Mittel mit 1,5 bis 3,8 Stunden angegeben (Dahlström et al., Clinical Pharmacokinetics 7, 1982, 266-279; Berkowitz, Clinical Pharmacokinetics 1, 1976, 219-230; Murphy et al., Anesthesiology 54).Most of the free, absorbed morphine is in the liver is converted into the biologically inactive morphine-3-glucuronide (Boerner et al., Drug Metab. Rev. 4, 1975, 39-73; Schulz et al., J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 183, 1972, 404-410). The morphine-6 derivatives, on the other hand, are much more potent and analgesic have a longer half-life than morphine (Mori et al., Life Sci. 11, 1972, 525-533) and a much higher affinity on brain matter as morphine (Yoshimura et al., Chem. Pharm. Bull. 24, 1976, 901-906). The half-life of free morphine is in the Means given as 1.5 to 3.8 hours (Dahlström et al., Clinical Pharmacokinetics 7, 1982, 266-279; Berkowitz, Clinical Pharmacokinetics 1, 1976, 219-230; Murphy et al., Anesthesiology 54).
Es wurde jetzt überraschenderweise gefunden, daß sich durch Inhalation von Morphin bei Patienten nach großen thorakalen Eingriffen eine ausgezeichnete Analgesie erzielen läßt. Die zur Analgesie erforderlichen Morphindosen lagen bei stoffwechselgesunden und niereninsuffizienten Patienten weit unter den bei parenteraler Gabe erforderliche. Darüber hinaus blieb die Morphinkonzentration der freien und metabolisierten Morphin-Immunität unterhalb der Nachweisgrenze (wie intraindividuelle Kontrollen bestätigen) bzw. zeigte auch bei Niereninsuffizienten mit erhöhten Ausgangswerten nur minimale Anstiege. Bei den Untersuchungen an mehr als 30 Patienten hat sich eine Dosierung von 0,8 mg Morphin als Bolus über 2 Stunden plus 0,8 mg Morphin pro Stunde zur Insufflation mit 5 Liter O2 pro Minute bei intubierten oder über Maske beatmeten Patienten als wirksam erwiesen (eine geringere Dosis war analgetisch nicht ausreichend; eine Verdopplung der Sosis erbrachte keine bedeutenden Vorteile). Beobachtungszeitraum: 12 Stunden. Blutdruck, Puls und Atemgase blieben sämlich klinisch unauffällig, Übelkeit, Erbrechen und Harnretention traten bei keinem der Patienten auf. It has now surprisingly been found that through Inhalation of morphine in large thoracic patients Surgery can achieve excellent analgesia. The doses of morphine required for analgesia were included metabolically healthy and kidney insufficient patients among those required for parenteral administration. Furthermore the morphine concentration remained free and metabolized Morphine immunity below the detection limit (like confirm intra-individual controls) or also showed Kidney failure with elevated baseline levels is minimal Climbs. Has examined more than 30 patients a dose of 0.8 mg morphine as a bolus over 2 hours plus 0.8 mg morphine per hour for insufflation with 5 liters of O2 per minute in intubated or mask ventilated patients proven effective (a lower dose was not analgesic sufficient; doubling the dose produced no significant Advantages). Observation period: 12 hours. Blood pressure, Pulse and breathing gases all remained clinically normal, nausea, Vomiting and urinary retention did not occur in any of the patients on.
6 Patienten vertrugen klinisch eine Inhalation von 100 mg Dolantin pro 12 Stunden (Initialbolus 10 mg) ausgezeichnet und waren nach großen thorakalen Eingriffen schmerzfrei.6 patients clinically tolerated inhalation of 100 mg dolantin per 12 hours (initial bolus 10 mg) excellent and were after major thoracic surgery pain free.
6 Patienten vertrugen klinisch eine Inhalation von 3 mg Somatostatin, dessen analgetische Wirkung in der Humanmedizin festgestellt wurde (Chrubasik, Lancet II, 1984, 1208-1209) pro 12 Stunden ausgezeichnet (Initialbolus 250 µg) und waren nach großen abdominalen Eingriffen schmerzfrei.6 patients tolerated 3 mg inhalation clinically Somatostatin, its analgesic effect in human medicine was found (Chrubasik, Lancet II, 1984, 1208-1209) per 12 hours (Initial bolus 250 µg) and were after large abdominal Interventions painless.
Es wurden auch Versuche mit Buprenorphin (0,15 mg als Initialbolus über 2 Stunden plus 0,3 mg 12 Stunden), Tramal (30 mg als Initialbolus über 2 Stunden und 70 mg pro 12 Stunden), Fentanyl (0,05 mg als Initialbolus plus 0,25 mg pro 12 h) und AL-Fentanyl (0,5 mg pro 2 Stunden und 0,4 mg pro 12 Stunden) erfolgreich durchgeführt.Experiments with buprenorphine (0.15 mg as an initial bolus over 2 hours plus 0.3 mg 12 hours), Tramal (30 mg as initial bolus over 2 hours and 70 mg per 12 hours), fentanyl (0.05 mg as an initial bolus plus 0.25 mg per 12 h) and AL-fentanyl (0.5 mg per 2 hours and 0.4 mg per 12 hours) successfully carried out.
Daraus folgt, daß auch andere Analgetika mit diesen Methoden wirksam angewandt werden können.It follows that other analgesics with these Methods can be applied effectively.
Die pharmakokinetischen Untersuchungsergebnisse lassen darauf schließen, daß Morphin bei der pulmonalen Absorption in ein 6-derivat metabolisiert wird, das eine vielfach stärkere analgetische Potenz und eine höhere Affinität zur Hirnsubstanz sowie eine längere Halbwertszeit besitzt als Morphin. Dieses oder evtl. ein anderes Metabolisierungsprodukt wird entweder radioimmunologisch nicht erfaßt oder es entsteht in geringsten, hochwirksamen Mengen.Let the pharmacokinetic test results conclude that morphine in pulmonary Absorption is metabolized into a 6-derivative that a much stronger analgesic potency and one higher affinity for the brain substance as well as a longer one Half-life possesses as morphine. This or maybe another metabolic product is either not recorded radioimmunologically or it arises in lowest, most effective amounts.
Nachstehend wird die INHALATION VON MORPHIN ZUR POSTOPERATIVEN SCHMERZBEHANDLUNG näher beschrieben:Below is INHALATION FROM MORPHINE TO POSTOPERATIVE PAIN TREATMENT described in more detail:
8 Stoffwechselgesunde Patienten im Alter von 56 bis 86 Jahren, die sich thorakalen Operationen unterziehen mußten, erhielten zur Inhalation über eine Maske 0,8 mg Morphin (mit 5 L 02/Min) bei gleichzeitiger Infusion von 0,8 mg Morphin pro Stunde in das Reservoir des Inhalationsapparates. Zu verschiedenen Zeitpunkten wurde arteriell Blut entnommen zur radioimmunologischen Bestimmung der freien sowie der freien plus metabolisierten Morphin- Immunität im Serum. Daneben wurden Blutdruck, Puls und Atemgase registriert.8 metabolically healthy patients aged 56 to 86 years, who had to undergo thoracic surgery for inhalation through a mask 0.8 mg morphine (at 5 L 02 / min) with simultaneous infusion of 0.8 mg morphine per hour into the Inhaler reservoir. At different times blood was taken arterially for radioimmunological determination the free as well as the free plus metabolized morphine Serum immunity. In addition, blood pressure, pulse and breathing gases registered.
Die Serum-Morphinkonzentration der freien und metabolisierten Morphin-Immunität lagen unterhalb der Nachweisgrenze.The serum morphine concentration of the free and metabolized Morphine immunity was below the detection limit.
Blutdruck-Puls und Atemgase blieben im altersentsprechenden Bereich.Blood pressure pulse and breathing gases remained in the appropriate age Area.
Eine 10-minütige Blutentnahme in den ersten 2 Stunden bei einem Patienten zeigte keinen Anstieg der Morphinkonzentration.A 10 minute blood draw in the first 2 hours from one Patients showed no increase in morphine levels.
Bei 7 niereninsuffizienten Patienten (Alter 41-82 Jahre) wurde dieselbe Morphinmenge nach thorakalen Eingriffen über den Tubus insuffliert (kein Verlust durch Ausströmen). Es fand sich bei 3 von 4 Patienten mit kaum erhöhter Ausgangs-Morphinkonzentration ein minimaler Anstieg der Serumkonzentration, ebenso bei einem von 3 Patienten mit erhöhten Ausgangswerten. Die klinischen Parameter blieben unauffällig.In 7 renal failure patients (ages 41-82 years) the same amount of morphine after thoracic surgery over the tube insufflated (no loss due to leakage). It was found at 3 of 4 patients with barely increased starting morphine concentration a minimal increase in serum concentration, also in one of 3 patients with elevated baseline values. The clinical parameters remained inconspicuous.
Die Serumkinetik nach 10 mg Morphin i. v. bei 3 dieser Patienten verhielt sich wie zu erwarten.Serum kinetics after 10 mg morphine i. v. in 3 of these patients behaved as expected.
Ein niereninsuffizienter Patient erhielt die Morphindosis über die Maske. Es fand sich ebenfalls ein minimaler Anstieg der Morphinkonzentration. A patient with insufficient kidney received the morphine dose the mask. There was also a minimal increase in Morphine concentration.
Unter der Morphin-Inhalationsbehandlung waren die Patienten sediert, euphorisch und sehr kooperativ. Ein Hinweis auf Atemdepression bestand nicht. Übelkeit, Erbrechen und Harnretention traten nicht auf. Die Analgesie war ausgezeichnet.The patients were under the morphine inhalation treatment sedated, euphoric and very cooperative. A hint for There was no respiratory depression. Nausea, vomiting and There was no urinary retention. The analgesia was excellent.
- 1) Die Inhalation von Morphin eignet sich zur postoperativen Schmelzbehandlung nach thoralen Eingriffen1) Inhalation of morphine is suitable for postoperative Enamel treatment after thoracic surgery
- 2) Die zur Analgesie erforderlichen Morphindosen liegen weit unter den bei parenteraler Behandlung erforderlichen2) The doses of morphine required for analgesia are wide among those required for parenteral treatment
- 3) Es wird angenommen, daß Morphin bei der pulmontalen Absorption in Morphin-6-glucuronid metabolisiert wird, das eine vielfach stärkere analgetische Potenz (Yoshimura) und eine höhere Affinität zur Hirnsubstanz sowie eine längere Halbwertszeit (Shimoura) als Morphin besitzt.3) It is believed that morphine is involved in pulmonary absorption Metabolized in morphine-6-glucuronide, which is a multiple stronger analgesic potency (Yoshimura) and a higher one Affinity for the brain substance and a longer half-life (Shimoura) as morphine.
- 4) Die Inhalation von Morphin kann bei niereninsuffizienten Patienten angewendet werden4) Inhalation of morphine can help with kidney failure Patients
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19863602370 DE3602370A1 (en) | 1986-01-27 | 1986-01-27 | Use of analgesics by inhalation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19863602370 DE3602370A1 (en) | 1986-01-27 | 1986-01-27 | Use of analgesics by inhalation |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE3602370A1 true DE3602370A1 (en) | 1987-08-06 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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DE19863602370 Withdrawn DE3602370A1 (en) | 1986-01-27 | 1986-01-27 | Use of analgesics by inhalation |
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Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1990007333A1 (en) * | 1989-01-06 | 1990-07-12 | Riker Laboratories, Inc. | Fentanyl containing aerosol compositions |
WO1993015737A1 (en) * | 1992-02-05 | 1993-08-19 | Danbiosyst Uk Limited | Compositions for nasal administration containing polar metabolites of opioid analgesics |
WO1995005831A1 (en) * | 1993-08-23 | 1995-03-02 | Euro-Celtique S.A. | Pharmaceutical compositions containing morphine-6-glucuronide for the treatment of pain |
EP0759744A1 (en) * | 1994-05-13 | 1997-03-05 | Aradigm Corporation | Narcotic containing aerosol formulation |
EP0877609A1 (en) * | 1995-11-14 | 1998-11-18 | Euroceltique S.A. | Formulation for respiratory tract administration |
US5843480A (en) | 1994-03-14 | 1998-12-01 | Euro-Celtique, S.A. | Controlled release diamorphine formulation |
US5849240A (en) | 1993-11-23 | 1998-12-15 | Euro-Celtique, S.A. | Method of preparing sustained release pharmaceutical compositions |
US5891471A (en) | 1993-11-23 | 1999-04-06 | Euro-Celtique, S.A. | Pharmaceutical multiparticulates |
US5958452A (en) | 1994-11-04 | 1999-09-28 | Euro-Celtique, S.A. | Extruded orally administrable opioid formulations |
US6068855A (en) | 1994-11-03 | 2000-05-30 | Euro-Celtique S. A. | Pharmaceutical composition containing a fusible carrier and method for producing the same |
US6254887B1 (en) | 1993-05-10 | 2001-07-03 | Euro-Celtique S.A. | Controlled release tramadol |
US8557286B1 (en) | 1999-04-22 | 2013-10-15 | Euroceltique, S.A. | Method for producing a water-insoluble amorphous or partially amorphous controlled release matrix |
-
1986
- 1986-01-27 DE DE19863602370 patent/DE3602370A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (27)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1990007333A1 (en) * | 1989-01-06 | 1990-07-12 | Riker Laboratories, Inc. | Fentanyl containing aerosol compositions |
WO1993015737A1 (en) * | 1992-02-05 | 1993-08-19 | Danbiosyst Uk Limited | Compositions for nasal administration containing polar metabolites of opioid analgesics |
GB2277682A (en) * | 1992-02-05 | 1994-11-09 | Danbiosyst Uk | Compositions for nasal administration containing polar metabolites of opioid analgesics |
GB2277682B (en) * | 1992-02-05 | 1995-12-20 | Danbiosyst Uk | Compositions for nasal administration containing polar metabolites of opioid analgesics |
US5629011A (en) * | 1992-02-05 | 1997-05-13 | Danbiosyst Uk Limited | Composition for nasal administration |
US6326027B1 (en) | 1993-05-10 | 2001-12-04 | Euro-Celtique S.A. | Controlled release formulation |
US6254887B1 (en) | 1993-05-10 | 2001-07-03 | Euro-Celtique S.A. | Controlled release tramadol |
WO1995005831A1 (en) * | 1993-08-23 | 1995-03-02 | Euro-Celtique S.A. | Pharmaceutical compositions containing morphine-6-glucuronide for the treatment of pain |
US6162467A (en) | 1993-11-23 | 2000-12-19 | Euro-Celtique, S.A. | Sustained release compositions and a method of preparing pharmaceutical compositions |
US5849240A (en) | 1993-11-23 | 1998-12-15 | Euro-Celtique, S.A. | Method of preparing sustained release pharmaceutical compositions |
US5891471A (en) | 1993-11-23 | 1999-04-06 | Euro-Celtique, S.A. | Pharmaceutical multiparticulates |
US5965163A (en) | 1993-11-23 | 1999-10-12 | Euro-Celtique, S.A. | Substained release compositions and a method of preparing pharmaceutical compositions |
US5843480A (en) | 1994-03-14 | 1998-12-01 | Euro-Celtique, S.A. | Controlled release diamorphine formulation |
EP0759744A4 (en) * | 1994-05-13 | 1997-10-29 | Aradigm Corp | Narcotic containing aerosol formulation |
US5910301A (en) * | 1994-05-13 | 1999-06-08 | Aradigm Corporation | Method of intrapulmonary administration of a narcotic drug |
EP0759744A1 (en) * | 1994-05-13 | 1997-03-05 | Aradigm Corporation | Narcotic containing aerosol formulation |
US6068855A (en) | 1994-11-03 | 2000-05-30 | Euro-Celtique S. A. | Pharmaceutical composition containing a fusible carrier and method for producing the same |
US5958452A (en) | 1994-11-04 | 1999-09-28 | Euro-Celtique, S.A. | Extruded orally administrable opioid formulations |
US6261599B1 (en) | 1994-11-04 | 2001-07-17 | Euro-Celtique, S.A. | Melt-extruded orally administrable opioid formulations |
US5965161A (en) | 1994-11-04 | 1999-10-12 | Euro-Celtique, S.A. | Extruded multi-particulates |
US6335033B2 (en) | 1994-11-04 | 2002-01-01 | Euro-Celtique, S.A. | Melt-extrusion multiparticulates |
US6706281B2 (en) | 1994-11-04 | 2004-03-16 | Euro-Celtique, S.A. | Melt-extrusion multiparticulates |
US6743442B2 (en) | 1994-11-04 | 2004-06-01 | Euro-Celtique, S.A. | Melt-extruded orally administrable opioid formulations |
EP0877609A1 (en) * | 1995-11-14 | 1998-11-18 | Euroceltique S.A. | Formulation for respiratory tract administration |
EP0877609A4 (en) * | 1995-11-14 | 2000-06-07 | Euro Celtique Sa | Formulation for respiratory tract administration |
US6642275B2 (en) | 1995-11-14 | 2003-11-04 | Euro- Celtique, S.A. | Formulation for respiratory tract administration |
US8557286B1 (en) | 1999-04-22 | 2013-10-15 | Euroceltique, S.A. | Method for producing a water-insoluble amorphous or partially amorphous controlled release matrix |
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