DE19962126B4 - Laser-assisted high-speed removal - Google Patents

Laser-assisted high-speed removal Download PDF

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Publication number
DE19962126B4
DE19962126B4 DE1999162126 DE19962126A DE19962126B4 DE 19962126 B4 DE19962126 B4 DE 19962126B4 DE 1999162126 DE1999162126 DE 1999162126 DE 19962126 A DE19962126 A DE 19962126A DE 19962126 B4 DE19962126 B4 DE 19962126B4
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laser
rotary tool
laser beam
workpiece
tool
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Expired - Fee Related
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DE1999162126
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DE19962126A1 (en
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Wilhelm Koenig
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P25/00—Auxiliary treatment of workpieces, before or during machining operations, to facilitate the action of the tool or the attainment of a desired final condition of the work, e.g. relief of internal stress
    • B23P25/003—Auxiliary treatment of workpieces, before or during machining operations, to facilitate the action of the tool or the attainment of a desired final condition of the work, e.g. relief of internal stress immediately preceding a cutting tool
    • B23P25/006—Heating the workpiece by laser during machining
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D5/00—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting only by their periphery; Bushings or mountings therefor
    • B24D5/10—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting only by their periphery; Bushings or mountings therefor with cooling provisions, e.g. with radial slots
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D7/00—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting otherwise than only by their periphery, e.g. by the front face; Bushings or mountings therefor
    • B24D7/10—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting otherwise than only by their periphery, e.g. by the front face; Bushings or mountings therefor with cooling provisions

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Abstract

Verfahren zum Bearbeiten eines Werkstücks durch Abtragen mittels eines laserstrahlunterstützten Rotationswerkzeugs, bei dem
– ein mittels einer Laserdiode (2) erzeugter Laserstrahl in die Achse (1) des Rotationswerkzeuges an wenigstens einer Stelle exzentrisch der Rotationsachse in zumindest eine in dem Rotationswerkzeug untergebrachte Glasfaser (4) eingeleitet wird,
– der Laserstrahl über die Glasfaser (4) zu einer Austrittslinse (3) geführt wird, und
– der aus der Austrittslinse (3) austretende Laserstrahl an einer abzutragenden Stelle annähernd tangential oder senkrecht zum Wirkumfang des Rotationswerkzeuges auf das Werkstück (5) auftrifft, wodurch die Duktilität der Abtragsschicht erhöht wird.Method for machining a workpiece by removal by means of a laser-assisted rotary tool, in which
A laser beam generated by means of a laser diode (2) is introduced into the axis (1) of the rotary tool at at least one point eccentrically of the axis of rotation into at least one glass fiber (4) accommodated in the rotary tool,
- The laser beam over the glass fiber (4) to an exit lens (3) is guided, and
- The laser beam emerging from the exit lens (3) impinges on a workpiece to be removed approximately tangentially or perpendicular to the effective range of the rotary tool on the workpiece (5), whereby the ductility of the Abtragsschicht is increased.

Figure 00000001
Figure 00000001

Description

Hoch-Geschwindigkeits-Abtrag ist aus der Druckschrift DE 199 47 985 A1 bekannt, in der ein HGA-Werkzeug beschrieben wird, welches durch reine Reibungswärme einen Duktilabtrag realisieren soll.High-speed erosion is from the publication DE 199 47 985 A1 in which a HGA tool is described, which is intended to realize a ductile erosion by pure frictional heat.

In der Druckschrift DE 196 13 183 C1 ist ein laserunterstütztes Werkzeug zum Nachbehandeln der Oberfläche gleich hinter der Spanabhebung beim Feindrehen beschrieben, die das Ziel hat, die durch die Spanabnahme entstandene Wärme weiter zu erhöhen bis auf Umwandlungstemperatur den Werkstoffs erwärmt, der anschließend selbst abschreckt und dadurch oberflächennah gehärtet wird.In the publication DE 196 13 183 C1 is a laser-assisted tool for after-treatment of the surface immediately after the chip removal during fine turning described, which has the goal to further increase the heat generated by the chip removal heat up to the transition temperature of the material, which then deters itself and is hardened near the surface.

In der Druckschrift DE 199 47 985 A1 ist ein Werkzeug beschrieben bei dem in Bohrungen zum Wirkumfang Kühlmittel zur Nachkühlung der Oberfläche auch gleich hinter dem Spanabtrag geleitet werden jedoch lediglich zur Kühlung.In the publication DE 199 47 985 A1 is a tool described in the guided holes in the scope of coolant for aftercooling of the surface are also passed just after the chip removal, but only for cooling.

In der Druckschrift US 59 06 459 A ist zwar ein Laserunterstütztes Fräsen beschrieben, aber die entscheidende Lösung der Laserstrahlleitung an den Zerspanungort bleibt offen.In the publication US 59 06 459 A Although laser assisted milling is described, the key solution of laser beam conduction to the cutting site remains open.

Aus Veröffentlichungen von Manfred Weck ist Lasergestütztes Fräsen an sich schon 1993 mit außerhalb des Werkzeugs geführtem Laser bekannt (WECK, M. und HERMANNS, C.: Laserintegration in Werkzeugmaschinen. VDI-Z, 1993, Vol. 135, Nr. 5, S. 38–41). Demnach können durch die Integration eines Lasers in ein Drehzentrum typische Laserbearbeitungsverfahren die Produktivität und die Flexibilität einer Werkzeugmaschine erheblich steigern. Der Kenntnisstand über den Einsatz eines Lasers in der spanabhebenden Werkzeugmaschine sei jedoch noch gering. Dieses gelte für die mechanische, die steuerungstechnische und die sicherheitstechnische Integration.Out Publications by Manfred Weck is laser-based mill in itself with 1993 already outside of the tool Laser known (WECK, M. and HERMANNS, C .: Laser integration in machine tools. VDI-Z, 1993, Vol. 135, No. 5, pp. 38-41). Accordingly, by the integration of a laser into a turning center typical laser processing methods the productivity and the flexibility of a Significantly increase machine tool. The knowledge about the Use of a laser in the cutting machine tool is but still low. This applies to the mechanical, the control technology and safety-related integration.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zu Grunde, das Werkzeug von seiner Reibungswärmeerzeugung zu entlasten.Of the The present invention is based on the object, the tool from its frictional heat generation to relieve.

Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch ein Verfahren mit Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs.The Task is solved by a method having features of the claim.

Damit werden die auf das Werkzeug zu übertragenden Leistungen geringer, die Lager entlastet, die Kontaktkräfte zwischen Werkzeug und Werkstück weiter abgesenkt, der Werkzeugverschleiß minimiert und insgesamt die Strukturierungsmöglichkeit verbessert.In order to will be transferred to the tool Lower benefits, relieves the bearing, the contact forces between Tool and workpiece continue lowered, the tool wear minimized and the total structuring possibility improved.

Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand des Ausführungsbeispiels der 1 näher beschrieben.In the following the invention is based on the embodiment of the 1 described in more detail.

Die 1 zeigt ein zur Durchführung eines Laserstrahlunterstützten Hoch-Geschwindigkeits-Abtrags geeignetes Rotationswerkzeug.The 1 shows a rotary tool suitable for carrying out laser-assisted high-speed removal.

Bei diesem Rotationswerkzeug wird in die Achse 1 an wenigstens einer Stelle exzentrisch der Rotationsachse durch eine Laserdiode 2 ein Laserstrahl eingeleitet. Der Laserstrahl wird über eine Glasfaser 4 zu einer Austrittlinse 3 geleitet, von wo aus er annähernd tangential bis senkrecht auf das Werkstück 5 auftrifft. Hierdurch wird eine Duktilität der Abtragsschicht unterstützt.In this rotary tool is in the axis 1 at least one point eccentric of the axis of rotation by a laser diode 2 initiated a laser beam. The laser beam is transmitted over a fiberglass 4 to an exit lens 3 from where it is approximately tangential to perpendicular to the workpiece 5 incident. As a result, a ductility of the Abtragsschicht is supported.

Der Laserstrahl-Eintritt 2 und -Austritt 3 kann auch radial aus mehreren Glasfasern erfolgen, sodass der Laserstrahl rechtwinklig auf das Werkstück 5 trifft. Durch den unmittelbaren Austritt aus dem Werkzeug könnte die Austrittslinse entfallen, da ein diffuses Austreten des Laserstrahls innerhalb des Wirkbereichs des Werkzeuges immer im Material endet und damit seine Wirkung tut.The laser beam entry 2 and exit 3 can also be made radially from several glass fibers, so that the laser beam perpendicular to the workpiece 5 meets. Due to the immediate exit from the tool, the exit lens could be omitted, since a diffused leakage of the laser beam within the effective range of the tool always ends in the material and thus does its job.

Claims (1)

Verfahren zum Bearbeiten eines Werkstücks durch Abtragen mittels eines laserstrahlunterstützten Rotationswerkzeugs, bei dem – ein mittels einer Laserdiode (2) erzeugter Laserstrahl in die Achse (1) des Rotationswerkzeuges an wenigstens einer Stelle exzentrisch der Rotationsachse in zumindest eine in dem Rotationswerkzeug untergebrachte Glasfaser (4) eingeleitet wird, – der Laserstrahl über die Glasfaser (4) zu einer Austrittslinse (3) geführt wird, und – der aus der Austrittslinse (3) austretende Laserstrahl an einer abzutragenden Stelle annähernd tangential oder senkrecht zum Wirkumfang des Rotationswerkzeuges auf das Werkstück (5) auftrifft, wodurch die Duktilität der Abtragsschicht erhöht wird.Method for machining a workpiece by removal by means of a laser-assisted rotary tool, in which - a laser diode ( 2 ) generated laser beam in the axis ( 1 ) of the rotary tool at at least one point eccentrically of the axis of rotation in at least one accommodated in the rotary tool glass fiber ( 4 ), - the laser beam over the glass fiber ( 4 ) to an exit lens ( 3 ) is guided, and - from the exit lens ( 3 ) exiting laser beam at a point to be removed approximately tangentially or perpendicular to the effective range of the rotary tool on the workpiece ( 5 ), whereby the ductility of the erosion layer is increased.
DE1999162126 1999-12-21 1999-12-21 Laser-assisted high-speed removal Expired - Fee Related DE19962126B4 (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009008284A1 (en) 2009-02-10 2010-08-12 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Laser-supported machining of high-strength workpiece, uses rotating tool on drive shaft and laser beam bundle passing through hole in shaft while overlapping rotational axis of shaft
DE102011109810A1 (en) 2011-08-08 2013-02-14 Institut für innovative Technologien, Technologietransfer, Ausbildung und berufsbegleitende Weiterbildung (ITW) e. V. Method for laser-assisted cutting of workpiece by drill tool, involves softening workpiece by laser exposure during cutting process by passing laser beam through hole directed in drill tool to workpiece

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004016386A1 (en) * 2002-08-06 2004-02-26 Koenig Wilhelm Laser beam transmission to moving, further transmitting elements preferably in tools in order to support ductile removal
GB0614343D0 (en) * 2006-07-19 2006-08-30 Univ Southampton Subwavelength focusing without superlens
DE102012223029A1 (en) * 2012-12-13 2014-06-18 Lufthansa Technik Ag Grinding wheel for use with integrated aperture for machine tool, has two contiguous sub-grinding wheels and groove provided in one of surfaces of sub-grinding wheels, where groove forms recess

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19613183C1 (en) * 1996-04-02 1997-07-10 Daimler Benz Ag Hard steel workpiece precision machining method
US5906459A (en) * 1996-06-20 1999-05-25 Societe Nationale D'etude Et De Construction De Moteurs D'aviation "Snecma" Laser-assisted milling process
DE19947985A1 (en) * 1999-10-05 2001-04-12 Wilhelm Koenig High speed applicator tool for applying material melted by friction; rotates at high speed and has friction area with bores for cooling material which is made into droplets by rotating disc

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19613183C1 (en) * 1996-04-02 1997-07-10 Daimler Benz Ag Hard steel workpiece precision machining method
US5906459A (en) * 1996-06-20 1999-05-25 Societe Nationale D'etude Et De Construction De Moteurs D'aviation "Snecma" Laser-assisted milling process
DE19947985A1 (en) * 1999-10-05 2001-04-12 Wilhelm Koenig High speed applicator tool for applying material melted by friction; rotates at high speed and has friction area with bores for cooling material which is made into droplets by rotating disc

Non-Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
KLOCKE,F.,[u.a]: Neue Perspektiven in der Produktionstechnik: Laserunterstützte Prozesse. In: GEIGER, M. [HRSG]: Schlüsseltechnologie, La- ser. Kap. 3, Bamberg: Meisenbach ,1995, S.265-273
KLOCKE,F.,[u.a]: Neue Perspektiven in der Produktionstechnik: Laserunterstützte Prozesse. In: GEIGER, M. [HRSG]: Schlüsseltechnologie, Laser. Kap. 3, Bamberg: Meisenbach ,1995, S.265-273 *
WECK, M., HERMANNS,C.: Laserintegration in Werk- zeugmaschinen. In: VDI-Z., 1993, Fig. 3, Vol. 135, Nr. 5, S.38-41
WECK, M., HERMANNS,C.: Laserintegration in Werkzeugmaschinen. In: VDI-Z., 1993, Fig. 3, Vol. 135, Nr. 5, S.38-41 *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009008284A1 (en) 2009-02-10 2010-08-12 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Laser-supported machining of high-strength workpiece, uses rotating tool on drive shaft and laser beam bundle passing through hole in shaft while overlapping rotational axis of shaft
DE102009008284B4 (en) 2009-02-10 2019-03-14 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Method and device for laser-assisted, machining of high-strength materials
DE102011109810A1 (en) 2011-08-08 2013-02-14 Institut für innovative Technologien, Technologietransfer, Ausbildung und berufsbegleitende Weiterbildung (ITW) e. V. Method for laser-assisted cutting of workpiece by drill tool, involves softening workpiece by laser exposure during cutting process by passing laser beam through hole directed in drill tool to workpiece

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