DE1484009A1 - House in prefabricated construction, plate-shaped component for the production of this house, intermediate piece for connecting the components and method for producing the house - Google Patents

Description

DIPL-ING. P. DIEHL PATENT ADVOCATE

1 BERLjN 30, MOTZSTR. 82

ta. 24 85 (H.

Berlin, February 19, 1964 _{A. ft / ηΛη} Franz Nogossek, 1 Berlin 30, Landshuter Strasse 17

Prefabricated pick, plate-shaped building element for the manufacture of this house, intermediate piece for connecting the building elements and process for the manufacture of the house

The invention relates to a house in prefabricated construction, which is made of special components using intermediate pieces, which can otherwise be fixed components of the components, is to be produced by an advantageous process

As is known, there is generally a great need for relatively small buildings, as they are preferably to be used for subdividing motor vehicles, but also as cheap accommodation on building sites, canping sites, as emergency shelters or as storage rooms can serve · The invention assumes that such a house, if the highest level of economic efficiency is to be achieved, It must be possible to assemble it from simple components that do not require further processing · The assembly of the individual components should proceed quickly and if necessary " in so-called · DIY can be done by any layperson · Nevertheless, something like this should be cheap and easy to create The house is well insulated from heat and, if necessary, if it is inhabited, it is also soundproofed

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Dimensional stiffness and weather resistance is expected only noticed in passing

The prefabricated houses that have become known so far only incompletely meet the requirements set out above Prefabricated parts have a considerable dead weight, they are because of the many work stages in the manufacture of these prefabricated parts relatively expensive in the factory and their thermal insulation is much lower than that of the walls, for example of a massive, ie. House built in the traditional way of brick.

The subject of the invention is a prefabricated house.

The use of foam components provides for this Purpose Extraordinary Advantages With a low specific weight, these components have a very low thermal conductivity, which is far below that of wood. You are furthermore completely water- and mold-resistant and have a considerable resistance to chemicals · by virtue of the invention Scaffolding reinforcement, which can be designed, for example, in such a way that one or more fixed inserts made of wire mesh as well as some pipes arranged at certain distances from one another are completely

_{β are} permanently embedded in a layer of display material

cd the component, with appropriate division of the inserts,

* ° sufficient strength to function as a self-supporting element i *>

^ Can be used within a wall or ceiling au-

to nen · The reinforcement · scaffolding occurs because it is completely in the

co

Foam is embedded, does not appear to the outside

tion

BATH ORIGINAL _

■ · ο ^mm

but nan has a building element in front of him, which both in terms of its appearance and its surface as well as its! Other structurally valuable physical properties <corresponds to a simple foam body · The reinforcement frame has only a slight increase in weight, on the other hand a substantial increase in the load-bearing capacity of the component result *

Compared to the processing of conventional building materials such as bricks and wood, the result is the use of foam With frame reinforcement, a reduction in price insofar as the necessary foaming in of the foam is just the thing the prefabricated construction inevitably resulting in large numbers of pieces the optimal manufacturing process in terms of wage and Represents tool costs "

The inventive combination of foam layer and As will be shown later, reinforcement frameworks can be made in the most varied of favorable individual forms, which are suitable for the respective Are adapted to the intended use "

A particularly advantageous embodiment of one according to the invention House in prefabricated construction results according to a further inventive idea when the reinforcement frame or « part of it serves as a connecting link between the individual components

This construction principle can be realized, for example, in the form that a tubular frame consisting of a Foundation frame, which lies on the ground, and attached to it, upwardly protruding wall pipes, over which the foam -

909823/0438

Fabric elements are pushed, is used «The pipe framework serves at the same time to increase the stiffness of the Foam components, so as a reinforcement frame, and as

Link between these components. It also makes it easier

building the assembly of the foam elements is extraordinary, since the The dimensions of the house are already fixed through the pipe framework and only the appropriately sized foam components are required, which are provided with through bores, need to be pushed on The pipe frame itself can be prefabricated Screw or plug-in construction (bayonet locks) can be supplied if you have to repeatedly assemble and disassemble the house Intended ο However, it can also be made as a welded construction if later dismantling of the house is not planned and nan already wants to hire a craftsman to build the house *.

The height of the wall tubes is expediently chosen greater than the height of the finished assembled walls, so that the wall tubes protrude a little from the upper edge of the wall · These protruding parts of the wall tubes form locating pins for the ceiling panels, which are precisely aligned and fixed at the same time For the latter purpose, each wall pipe is attached to its The upper end is equipped with a thread, over which, after the ceiling panels have been placed, a screw nut, preferably a cap nut is screwed · A suitable plug connection between the wall pipe and the fastening element can of course also be used at this point · The nut is protected by a plastic cover «

909823/0438

The plate-shaped component used for the tubular construction according to the invention is not only given its dimensional stability through the pipe frame, but also through solid inlays such as wire mesh or the like, which is embedded in the layer of display material » and, if necessary, also through metal pipes which are used to line the through bores of the plate-shaped structural elements, by means of which the structural elements are passed over the wall tubes «These tubes can advantageously be made of light metal or suitably strong plastic · According to the prerequisite, the tubular frame therefore only forms part of the reinforcement frame of the plate-shaped components and it serves equally as a firm connection of the same as well as an extremely easy assembly of the house.

The building boards according to the invention can be prefabricated in such a way that the window and door openings are already contained in them.However, according to a further idea of the invention, one can also dispense with the provision of special window openings and instead one made of Plexiglas in the middle area of the ceiling of the house, for example Attach the dome light This embodiment is particularly useful if _: the house is to be used as a garage or camping house *,

It is also possible within the scope of the invention to use the entire pick, with walls and roof, to be produced in one operation in a single piece Brought to construction site. To do this, however, you need a correspondingly large, for example hinged, shape in the previously all cover plates, which in turn are only very thin and

909823/0438

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Ί 484009

made of rigid plastic, as well as the necessary ar- • Quads and fittings · inserted in the right place and have been fixed, and then the foam mass is introduced into the cavity. The consolidation framework and all fittings as well as the cover plates, if you have any want to use at all, are foamed and fixed in one operation in this way.

The manufacturing method just described saves transport costs if a larger number of houses according to the invention are set up at more distant locations should * In addition, there is a considerable reduction in labor costs, both in the manufacture of the building material «as well as in the creation of the House"

The entrance of a house according to the invention is expedient not closed with a pivoting door, but with a blind, whose pulling roller with an adjustable one Existing plastic torsion spring interacts

\ A plate-shaped element, however, as in the manner described previously can also be constructed in other · So it can be according to a further inventive idea form as a thin-walled hollow block made of rigid plastic and a plurality of stiffening walls extending between the top walls, wherein the cavities thus formed with Foam are filled and the impact walls, which adjoin the adjacent component or the Öoaenrahmen or «the roof panel, have mutually projections and depressions that the positive engagement in the adjacent Kon tanktions part

809823/0438 _ ₇ _

BATH ORIGINAL

guarantee.

To explain the terminology used here, it should be noted that "cover walls ¹¹ " mean those two walls of the plate-shaped or cuboid-shaped hollow block which have the largest surface area, i.e. are visible after being inserted into the wall or ceiling of the exterior While the four walls of the block that are narrower than the two cover walls just defined and that either form a wall or ceiling edge or come to lie within the wall or ceiling and after being joined together are referred to as "impact walls" {are no longer visible because they just hit the neighboring component · This designation is retained in the following ·

It can be particularly expedient to continuously Pipes made of plastic, which are connected to the wall and are preferably located in the inner corners of the component, to be arranged. Through these tubes, which are aligned with one another after the construction panels have been put together, wires can be inserted as required or rods with which the walls can be additionally braced

The aforementioned depressions and protrusions within the C ₀ butt walls of a component have a dovetailed

co tail-shaped cross-section, so that with their help a joint;

Connection of the components can be made as they are at

Q is known from wood technology

co go that in one shock wall a depression and in the

opposite S ^ ofiwand a correspondingly trained

Advance is arranged “But you can also use one

Bump wall arrange a continuous longitudinal slot and two or more projections, while the opposite bump wall

Contains recesses for receiving the projections just mentioned and a T-shaped projection, which with its web in the Länggschlitz engages the opposite impact wall and the outer edges are bent so that they stand out from the Place the inside of the opposite impact wall against the same «Depending on the degree of curvature of its outer edges the T-shaped extension of the one component fits in with it more or less large elastic bias on the opposite impact wall. As a result of this bias and the positive multiple engagement of the projections results a secure connection between neighboring components

In a further embodiment of an inventive plate-shaped component which can be used particularly advantageously for the production of a house according to the invention can, are two thin, made of rigid plastic, parallel to each other arranged cover plates through a foam layer with one or more solid layers of wire mesh or the like «connected to one another and inserted into the foam» layer, concave fastening elements are embedded in the area of the joint surfaces. These fasteners open through a slot in the impact wall and receive an intermediate member that engages positively in the fastening element «Zur special securing of the position of the fastening elements and thus the building boards, it may be useful to use the fastening elements mentioned not just simply into the foam layer

909823/0438 - β-.

embed by foaming, but in addition to this Establishing in the strengthening framework, so for example the wire mesh or the like · to anchor · A robust and simple The embodiment of fastening elements to be produced are hollow strips that are inserted into the foam in the area of the impact walls Fabric layer are embedded, run parallel to the abutment surface and are bent on both sides of the center line of the abutment surface, so that a cross-section bent at an obtuse angle arises, whereby the strip wall facing the abutment surface has a continuous longitudinal gap in the middle, also running parallel to the abutment surface, to accommodate an intermediate piece.

In this case, the corresponding intermediate piece has a double-T-shaped cross-section, the two flanges of which are bent at the same angle as the hollow strips of the component * however, the outer edges of the flanges are bent more inward, thereby creating a certain elastic pretension to ensure that the intermediate piece is in contact with the inside of the concave fastening elements of the building boards

On the other hand, within the scope of the invention, the fastening elements lying within an abutment surface can also be designed as slotted tubes running parallel to this abutment surface.

Q form their slots over a slightly outwardly inclined

co channel open into the joint surface «The intermediate piece has in this <*> Trap an approximately dumbbell-shaped cross-section and exists ^ Advantageously from an elastic plastic, so that it is

co for the purpose of introduction into the opposing fastening elements of two adjacent components elastic-

-lo-

- Io -

can be deformed afterwards with its spherical sections snap into the tubular fastening elements »experience has shown this locking connection is so tight that there is a safe guarantee against unintentional loosening of the connection *

It is also particularly advantageous, in particular with regard to easier insertion of the intermediate pieces, within the one made of thin, rigid plastic, arranged parallel to each other, with a foam layer one or more solid deposits such as wire mesh or the like « connected building board concave fasteners to be arranged, instead of the joint side, now from the top sides are accessible from here · These fastening elements are expediently arranged in the vicinity of the stool surfaces so that the connecting pieces do not have to be made too long »This embodiment of a building board according to the invention allows a simply stacking the building boards · Then you can Simply insert the spacers from the side into the concave fastening elements of the adjacent building boards and so establish the connection of the components *

In this embodiment, too, the fastening elements can be slotted running parallel to the abutment surface Form horns · These open out either directly via the slot or via a short piece of duct in the top surface of the component · Anchoring the slotted Pipes in the consolidation framework of the foam layer is expedient · The corresponding intermediate piece consists of a plastic board, on one side of which there are two in cross-section

909823/0438 - 11 -

with that of the concave fastening elements matching projections are arranged, while it is otherwise completely smooth · After being inserted into the fastening elements, the rear of the intermediate piece closes flush with the outer surface of the adjacent cover plates ag. This results in the further considerable advantage that the butt joint of the building panels connected to one another is completely covered _o

According to a further idea of the invention can be in the foam layer and skin sheets of rigid plastic in the region of abutting surfaces embed and these trains at their cover plates ndten both ends wulstarrig reinforced web plates by means of hook-shaped Vdrsprünge over parts of the reinforcing skeleton (wire mesh o _s etc. ·) can access "The The width of these multi-wall sheets corresponds to the distance between the cover sheets and the top surface of the foam layer is not covered in front of the ends of the multi-wall sheets. In this case, the intermediate pieces are particularly simple; because only a completely smooth plastic board is required, which is fastened by screws that engage in the bead-like reinforced ends of the multi-wall sheets and thus establishes the connection between adjacent building boards. The multi-skin panels create a very desirable additional transverse stiffening of the building panels in the connection zone

To plate-shaped components designed according to the invention with thin, with an interposed foam layer To connect connected cover plates to one another, the initially open abutment surfaces of the foam layer can also be added subsequently by means of a separately produced, continuous Close the baffle. For this purpose,

909823/0438 - 12 -

position of the component block-shaped, conical or cylindrical parts in the abutting surfaces with foamed in which engage fastening screws, by means of which in each case one impact wall is attached · In order to obtain an additional security _t can be the impact walls coat on its side in contact with the foam layer with an adhesive · On the other hand, these impact walls carry rails with a hammer-head-shaped or mushroom-shaped profile or the concave counter-profile corresponding to these rail profiles have been brought to their counter profile.

Besides the previously described plate-shaped components which are to be joined in their original form, that is with planar top walls to walls and ceilings, a Sclaimst off device is satisfiable indungs mutandis form so that it (under the action of a corresponding bending moment restraint moment ) assumes a curved shape "Such building elements can be used advantageously for the construction of curved ceilings, which are necessary for structural reasons, for example, if their unsupported length is to exceed a certain dimension" Such building elements can also be used very well for the walls of circular buildings.

According to the invention, there is such a degree of component from a frame-reinforced foam body, as it has already been swept several times above, and one thin-walled enveloping body made of relatively solid, but

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nevertheless elastically deformable material within certain limits · This enveloping body consists essentially only of a pressure plate and two opposing impact walls, Approach a short approach parallel to the cover plate, the distance between which is slightly smaller than the cover plate, than the thickness of the foam body, which is inserted between the impact walls.Due to the lack of a second cover plate, this component has a significantly lower section modulus against bending and can therefore easily be deformed in the specified sense, with the elasticity of the enveloping body maintaining the required clamping moment guaranteed

The connection of the just described component with the adjoining one takes place in a similar way as in the previously described embodiments either by intermediate pieces or by concave and convex approaches of the impact walls or finally by any of the other types of connection mentioned so far and explained in more detail below, such as In general, it applies to the components according to the invention that the features of one embodiment, which are naturally only described on the basis of a specific case, can, can easily be combined with those of another embodiment described * Such combinations result after knowledge of the invention Teaching for the expert without further ado * A detailed list of all possible combinations of panel structure, Intermediate pieces and fasteners or attachments would ■ go beyond the appropriate framework of this publication

909823/0438 " ¹⁴ "

U8A009

A plate-shaped component according to the invention is how already indicated, manufactured in such a way that both the cover plates and the animal framework reinforcement as well as all Retaining elements and fittings in the form in the position that they should have in the finished component set and then the foam mass is fed into the mold · After foaming, the component is ready for installation and there is no need for any processing or fastening «

In order to achieve a completely joint-free outer surface of the walls or ceilings of a house constructed in a manner according to the invention, the same can finally be achieved with a layer of Cover glass fiber reinforced polyester resin by spraying or painting.

It should finally be noted that the invention does not apply to those previously mentioned, arranged in the wall or roof structure plate-shaped components is limited. You can also ι load-bearing columns with a square or other cross-section manufacture according to the same principle. Partition walls to subdivide larger rooms can also be easily integrated into the Combined from foam layers and thin solid plastic plates in the manner described, install

In the following, some examples of implementation are shown on the basis of the drawing

^ games of the invention explained, namely:

£ J Fig »1 the top view of a plate-shaped building element, Q Fig. 2 shows the side view of a plate-shaped component, to Fig. 3 a perspective view of a he rfius ge broche -

NEN corner piece of a plate-shaped component, with part of the upper cover plate removed,

4 shows the top view of a tubular frame of a house according to the invention,

Fig. 5 shows the side view of the tubular frame according to Fig. 4,

6 shows a cross section through a house wall according to the invention, including the immediately adjoining one Roof and floor sections,

7 shows a section through the butt joint of two adjoining structural elements which are connected to one another by intermediate pieces,

FIG. 8 shows a section like FIG. 7 with other intermediate pieces, Fi ic 9 ^NN mm μ w it η

Fig. 10 "" MM M M M M

rp ii Μ M MM M M M M

12 shows a section through the connection of a component with a roof plate,

13 shows a section through a butt joint with an inserted joint walls,

14 shows a section through a further butt joint with an intermediate piece,

15 shows a section through an archable plate-shaped component,

16 shows a cross-section through a corner piece, which is used to connect two walls that abut one another at right angles serves,

Fig. 17 shows a longitudinal section through a blind according to the invention. role,

18 shows the side view of a house manufactured in accordance with the invention,

Fig. 19 shows the front view of the house according to Fig. 18,

30 shows the perspective illustration of an embodiment a construction panel according to the invention and

FIG. 21 shows a cross section through a wall constructed from structural elements as in FIG. 20. "' - ^ 909823/0438 ^ßAD OR / Gf _NAL

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According to FIG. 1, the component 1 has a rectangular shape and, as can be clearly seen in FIGS. 2 and 3 in particular, is composed of layers 2, 3 and 4 middle layer 3 of foamed material, "the device 1 further includes the through holes 5, 6 and 7, within which in each case a metal pipe 8 is located (see" FIG _e 3) · These metal tubes 8 are, as is the wire mesh 9 (te on the lower cable the foam tube 3 is an identical wire mesh) embedded immediately during foaming and are fixed after the foam has solidified. The panels 2 and 4, which were previously injected in a separate process, are also inserted into the panel fora at the same time as the wire mesh 9 and the metal pipes 8 before foaming, so that all parts are intimately connected by foaming the hand that the wire mesh 9 can also be at any other point within the foam layer 3 *

The component 1 just described is together with others by means of a tubular frame shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 United to form a complete house «This tubular frame consists of the foundation frame 10 and the wall tubes 11« over the wall tubes 11 become the structural elements according to FIG.

to their through-holes 5, 6 and 7 pushed * At their obe-ο

tors ends 12 have the wall tubes 11, a thread each (not co here ■■

££ shown), and this after completely pushing the wall panels of the top wall plate _or outstanding Geu> threaded cap nuts (also not shown here) geoo

screwed after the roof panels 13 (see Fig. 18 and 19)

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484009

the protruding ends 12 have been laid at Fig * 18 in conjunction with Fig * 4 that two Components 1 according to FIGS. 1-3 in the longitudinal wall of the house be arranged side by side; because a longitudinal wall has six wall tubes 11, which are distributed so that three of the three through holes 5, 6 and 7 of a component tes 1 are assigned. The width of the rear wall is filled by a component 1, while there are two components 1, such as of course also in the other walls, one on top of the other

FIG. 6 shows the cross-section of a house wall which is constructed from structural elements according to the invention that differ from those according to FIG 1-5 differ in several respects «These are hollow blocks injection-molded from plastic yesterday 14, 15 and 16, the cavities of which are covered with a foam compound 17 The transverse walls 18, 19 and 20 of these hollow blocks 14, 15 and 16 increase the rigidity of the same considerably On the butt walls of the hollow blocks 14, 15 and 16, dovetail-shaped projections 21, 22 and 23 are arranged * of those the projection 21 is solid, while the projections 22 and 22 were made hollow in order to use this example to show the possible variations in the cross-sectional design of the connecting element » to show ments.

^ In the existing foam roof slab 24 is gem.Fig _β 6 i ^ a strip 25 (there may be individual blocks) einge-

■ v. foams, on which a retaining strip 26 by means of the screws 27 ο

* "* is attached · On the swallowtail-shaped projection 28 the "old strip 26" is the component 29 with its groove 30

pushed. In a corresponding manner, the projections 21, 22 and 23 each engage in the grooves 31, 32 and 33 of their neighboring elements te a · This creates a sufficiently strong connection within the wall · If you want additional security against have a displacement of the components, one can use the injected tubes 34 special, not shown here Pull tensioning elements (wires or rods)

The base plate 35 of the wall constructed in this way has a hollow strip 36 in which the floor covering, which is only indicated here, is anchored can.

In FIGS. 7-11, various useful embodiments of intermediate pieces are shown simplify, only the butt joint section of the structural elements to be connected was shown «

According to FIG. 7, the components 37 and 38 have slotted tubes 40 and 40 and 41 and 42 into which the intermediate pieces 43 and 44, which are dumbbell-shaped in cross-section, are locked , 40, 41 and 42 are made of rigid plastic · The tubes 39 and 40 open into the joint surface 47 via a channel 45 and 46, while the pipes 41 and 42 open directly into the joint surface 47 · On the side facing away from the joint surface 47, the Pipes 41 and _a> 42 each have an extension 48 and 49, through which here if necessary

t *> clamping elements not shown can be pulled to

ο increased security against unintentional movement

*** the components to achieve «The slotted Ronre 39, 40 uad 41 and 42 are embedded in the plastic compounds 50 and 51,

- 19 -.

the arrangement being made in such a way that these slotted tubes 39, 40, 41 and 42 are also inserted into the plastic compounds 50 or "51 embedded wire meshes 52 and 53 are anchored" This ensures that the slotted tubes 39, 40, 41 and 42 can absorb considerable tensile forces directed perpendicular to the impact surface 47

The components 54 and 55 are slotted according to FIG Hollow strips 56 and 57 with an angular cross-section and the double T-strip 58 engaging in them are connected to one another. It can be seen that the edges of the Doppe1-T-bar are each following ι "iien are bent and therefore under bias against the Lay hollow strips 56 and 57, whereby a secure connection is achieved. The hollow strips 56 and 57 are anchored in the wire meshes 59, 60, 61 and 62. As in the previous embodiment, the hollow strips 56 and 57 are here as well the wire meshes 59 - 62 in the foam layers 63 or 64 anchored »

According to Fig. 9, the slotted tubes 65 to 68, which means their lugs 69 to 72 are anchored in the wire meshes 73 to 76, arranged so that their slots point outwards, so open into the top surfaces. The butt joint 77 is free of any fastening elements here · From the top side grip the two intermediate pieces 78 and 79 with their approaches

ο in tubes 65 to 68 · The thickness of your web corresponds to

the wall thickness of the cover plates 80 to 83, so that the outer

^ surfaces of the components 84 and 85 remain completely smooth

* »The approaches 69 to 72 can be pulled clamping elements · The

«> Pipes 65 to 68 and the wire mesh 73 to 76 are in the

Foam layers 86 and 87 embedded «

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According to Fig «, 10 the intermediate pieces 88 and 89 are screwed 90, which in bead-like reinforcements of the web walls 91 and 92 engage, connected to the two structural elements 93 and 94. The web walls 91 and 92 engage by means of the hooks 95 to 98 via the wire meshes 99 to 102 and are anchored in this way. Here, too, are the wire meshes 99 to 102 and the web walls 91 and 92 embedded in foam · The butt joint 103 is free from fasteners ο

A further modification of the cross-sections of the connecting elements is shown in FIG. 1C. The slotted tubes 104 to 107 lie directly on the top surface and the intermediate pieces 108 and 109 engage in these tubes 104 to 107 with their correspondingly shaped projections. The butt joint 110 thus remains free of fastening _{elements or the like here as well}

In Fig. 12 there is one of three differently designed components composite wall shown to illustrate further different forms. The upper hollow block 111, its cavities except for the cavity 112 are all filled with foam, has a longitudinal slot 114 in the lower abutment wall 113 and in the upper bumper 115 has a T-neck 116 and two grooves 117 and 118. Accordingly, the upper bumper 119 is the middle one Component 120 formed so that their T-approach 121 with its web engages in the slot 114 and with its flange lying within the cavity 112 from the inside against the shock wall 113 pushes. The projections 122 and 123 of the upper component 111 engage in the opposite recesses 124 and 125 of component 120,

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The different arrangements of the stiffening walls within the structural elements 111 and 120 are worth mentioning. The stiffening walls 126 and 127 are perpendicular to one another, while the Stiffening walls 128 and 129 are inclined at an acute angle to stiffening wall 130. Inside the component 120 are only the two stiffeners standing perpendicular to each other « walls 131 and 132 arranged »

The component 133, on the other hand, has no reinforcement walls at all. Only a curved partition 134 is incorporated here. injected, the one from the display fabric above the slot 133 free space 136 creates

Fig. 12 are in the roof plate 137 blocks 138 in the same Injected at intervals from one another, the fastening screws 139, by means of which the Üalteleiste 140 is screwed on is «This retaining strip 140 can, if necessary, also be glued on. The connecting strip is on the component 141 142 fastened in a similar way by screws 143, 144 The connecting line 142 has the guide angle 145, 146, which with the projections 147, 148 of the stop bar 140 cooperate, while a middle bar 149 with a mushroom-shaped cross-section is provided, which is inserted into the groove 150 of the "old bar 140." intervenes and can absorb tensile forces

Fig. 13 shows a further modified type of fastening. There-

e #> ■■ '. ■ -

^r after is in the foam layer 151 of the upper structural element

J ₀ 152 which is equipped with two grooves 153 and 154 as well as the projection 155

* -. armored shock wall 156 embedded. This shock wall 156 is also anchored in the wire meshes 157 and 158. the

Rails 159 and 160 of the impact wall 161 of the lower structural element

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162 grip into the grooves with their hammer head-shaped profile 153 and 154, whereby the desired connection of the two components 152 and 162 is established * The attachment of the The abutment plate 161 on the component 162 is carried out by means of the screws 163, which are cut into pieces or continuous rails 164 intervene, which in turn are embedded in the foam layer of the lower component.

According to FIG. 14, the fastening element 166 is foamed into the lower structural element 165, which means that it is formed as a continuous hollow profile and in its slot the cross-section anchor-shaped, fixed in the manner already described several times) in the component 167 by foaming Fastener 168 engages. The tubes 169 to 171 can be used to lead through clamping elements *

The component 176 shown in FIG. 15 shows an open one as a special feature compared to the components described so far Box profile. Instead of a lower cover plate, only the shoulders 172 and 173 are present, which prevent the inserted foam cushion 174 from falling out. The Frahteinlage 178 is embedded in the foam cushion 174. This design of the component 176 has the advantage that the same in Rieh- * tion of the arrow 177 can be quite strongly arched * So it is suitable for the construction of curved walls and roofs *

ο The corner piece 178 according to Fig. 16 connects two vertically to one another abutting construction panels, not shown here, which are in the ^ Openings 179 and 180 inserted and glued or ver O . *> * screwed will know. The square cross-section of the corner

* · *** · ■

^m . Piece 178 # is stiffened by the diagonal wall -HlT. the

Cavities are filled with foam.

In Fig. 17 a roller blind according to the invention is shown, which is used to operate the blind 182 (see Fig. 19). This one Venetian blind strips (not shown) are attached to the roller 183. Inside this tube 183 is the plastic tube 184 fastened on bolts 185 and 186, of which the bolt 186 is rotatably mounted within the bearing ring 193 via the bushing 187. The liolzen 185 is stuck, and that is firm fit achieved by bracing the bolt 185 against the retaining plate 188 by means of the screw 189 and the pressure plate 190 « The plastic »riii is on the fixed bolt 185 hose 184, which can be divided into several longitudinal strips to increase the spring deflection under torsional loads, fastened by means of the screws 191, while it is held on the rotatably mounted bolt 186 by the screws 192 will. The roller 183 is on the flange 194 of the bolt 186 fixed by the screws 195 while it is slidably supported on the bearing ring 196

Both the üalteplatte 188 and the bearing ring 193 are, secured against rotation by projections or parallel keys (not shown here) u «dgi», fixed in the "old arms 196 and 197, which in turn are screwed to the ceiling 198 of the house (screws 199)

ο acts on the roller 193 a tangential force, as it is when

tO ■■■■ '■■ - . . . ■ ....

oo pulling down of the blind 182 (see Fig.Ij) occurs, then ^{w is} this tangential force via the screws 195 on the bolt ^ 186 and from there over the screws 192 on the split

co · '■' ■ · · ■ ■ '

oo transfer plastic tubing 184. Since this on the feast standing bolt 185 is fixed, it is through the existing

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Tangential force twisted in itself and it enters into »one Torsional stress that remains stored after the blind 182 is closed until it is opened again. With suitable Sizing the torsion spring 184 overcomes its tension the dead weight of the blind and the frictional resistance and the blind is fully opened after the lock has been opened ο

The torsion spring 184 can be opened with the blind 182 after loosening the screw 189 by turning the same and Tighten the screw 189 again by a desired amount so that the blind on the one hand is not too large Force can be closed and on the other hand not with too high a top speed on the stops for the open blind hits.

In Figures 20 and 21 _e, an embodiment is shown of a device according to the invention, finally, that can be incorporated into ei "pipe rack. In contrast to the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1-5, the building boards 300 are not pushed with through bores over individual tubes of a tubular frame, but the abutment surfaces 201 of the building boards 200 are concave and the building boards 200 with these abutment surfaces 201 enclose them at corresponding intervals pipes 202 arranged from one another over the greater part of their "circumference,

_o The tubes 202 are not only arranged vertically, but

co between two vertical tubes 202 each extend in to

J *> distances that correspond to the width of the panel, including horizontal, ° pipes not shown here of the same dimensions as the darco placed vertical tubes 202, in this way each

• ... · - *; ■■■ - 25 -

Plate 200 in each case between four Rohrabsfihnitten surrounding them 202 established. The construction of a wall designed in this way takes place step by step in the sense that a building board 200 is inserted from above between two vertical tubes 202, whereupon a horizontal tube 202, the the upper abutment surface 201 of the building board 200 at least partially fills in, is inserted. According to this construction principle, walls of any size can be built, which also serve as the roof construction can serve.

A preferred area of application of such wall constructions is scaffolding or cladding, which is used to build houses winter is possible · You can namely using this invention Building plate 200 and the corresponding pipe frame built from the pipes 202 walls in a short time large area, which are large enough to cover all sides of a massive building that is in the process of being built enclose, so that if necessary using heating devices within the enclosure building favorable, weather-dependent working conditions can be maintained.

The internal structure of the building board 200 can be designed as in the other described so far Ausführun in the same variety of ways _o sbeispielen the invention. In the exemplary embodiment shown here, each building board 200 ψ> consists of cover plates 203 and 204, between which one passes through a

embedded wire mesh 205 reinforced foam layer εο

JJ 206 is. You can jsdoch on the cover plates 203 and

o do without and only use the frame-reinforced foam ^w plate 206. ν

Patent claims:

Claims (1)

Claims 1. Prefabricated house, characterized in that at least all walls made of scaffold-reinforced foam components exist. 2. House according to claim 1, characterized in that the reinforcement frame, at least partially, serves as a connecting link between the individual components. 3. House according to claim 1 and 2, characterized by a pipe frame, which consists of a foundation frame and attached to this, upwardly projecting wall pipes over which the foam components are pushed. 4 · House according to claims 1-5, characterized in that the The height of the wall pipes is greater than that of the foam components reassembled walls and the parts of the wall tubes protruding from the top wall edge serve as a mounting pin for the ceiling panels. 5β house according to claim 1-4, characterized in that each wall pipe is equipped at its upper end with a thread, over which one is through a plastic cap covered, preferably a cap nut, engages 9Q9823 / 0438 '-2- 6. House close to claim. 1-5, indicated by a Light dome in the middle area of the ceiling. 7. House according to claim 1, characterized in that all the walls and the roof consist of one piece 8. House according to claim 1-7 »characterized in that the entrance is closed by a blind, the pulling roller of which is fitted with an adjustable, plastic-made ™ standing torsion spring cooperates. 9 plate-shaped building element for the construction of a house, in particular according to claims 1-6, characterized by one or more solid inserts such as stitching or the like. and from a shock wall to the opposite through holes in which metal or plastic pipes sit. 10. Plate-shaped component for the production of a house, in particular according to claim 1 - b, characterized in that that it is designed as a thin-walled hollow block made of rigid plastic, between the top walls are several Stiffening walls extend, the so formed ^ Cavities are filled with foam and the impact CO ■ '■■;< ■■ - ■ ■ -. · ■ · ■ · ... ■,: ■ ·, ■ ■ ... k> walls that adjoin the neighboring building element or the * ^s > · Connect the floor frame or the roof plate, alternating ^ with protrusions and depressions that algae intervention in the adjacent structural part. e *. -S- 11 · Plate-shaped building element according to claim 10 »characterized marked, aass in the area of the inner corners of the same continuous tubes ag.s plastic, which with the wall of the Hollow block are connected, are arranged. 12. Plate-shaped component according to claim 10, characterized in that that the depressions and protrusions are dovetail-shaped. ■ 13 ", plate-shaped component according to claims 10-12, characterized characterized in that a recess in one of the fabric walls and a correspondingly formed projection is arranged in the opposite impact wall. 14 »Plate-shaped building element according to: Claims _{10-12- r} characterized in that a continuous longitudinal slot and two or m'elKr projections are arranged in one iS-tcaiwänd, while in the opposite abutment wall there are recesses which receive the projections just mentioned, and a T-shaped extension are arranged which engages in the longitudinal slot of the opposite abutment wall of an adjacent building element and whose outer edges are bent downwards. ο ■ '■ ·· ■ "". ·. ■ oo 15. Plate-shaped component, especially for manufacture «*> Of a house according to claims 1-6, characterized by ^ thin, made of rigid plastic, parallel to «in- O ₀ anaerically arranged, cover plates, which are covered by a foam layer with one or more solid inserts such as ■ S- Wire mesh or the like. Are connected and kekave fasteners in which intended to rest on an adjacent building element or the floor frame or the roof Abutment surface, which is a correspondingly shaped intermediate link that establishes the connection to the adjacent component take up. 16. Plate-shaped component according to claim 15, characterized in that that the concave fasteners in j the strengthening framework (wire mesh and the like) of Foam layer are anchored. 17 · Plate-shaped building element according to claim 15 and 16, characterized characterized in that the fastening elements lying below an abutment surface as parallel to the abutment surface running hollow strips are formed, which are bent on both sides / dey "center line of the abutting surface so that an obtuse-angled kinked cross-section is created, whereby the strip wall facing the abutment surface " in the middle a continuous one, also parallel to the Has a gap running across the abutment surface to accommodate a pontic * ö> 18 Intermediate piece for components according to claims 15-17, ο ^ characterized by a double-T-shaped cross-section, _ω both of which are essentially at the same angle ο are kinked like the hollow strips of the component, but the outer edges over flanges more strongly towards on are turned inside. 19 · Plate-shaped structural element according to claims 15 and 16, characterized in that the fastening elements lying within a joint surface are designed as slotted tubes running parallel to this joint surface, the contactor of which opens into the joint surface via a slightly outwardly inclined channel and the accommodates a part of a tubular flexible intermediate piece, the other ₉ likewise tubular part of which is snapped into the concave fastening element of the adjoining component, which is designed in the same way. 20. Plate-shaped building element for the construction of a house, in particular according to claims 1-6, characterized by thin, made of rigid plastic, parallel to one another arranged cover plates, which are covered by a foam layer with one or more solid in) Layers like wire mesh or the like are connected and concave fastening elements accessible from the top side emente, within the cover sides and in the vicinity of the butt sides, which form part of an intermediate piece record, the other part of which in each case in the associated concave fastening element designed in the same way of the subsequent component engages. - 6 909823/0438 21 _e .Plate-shaped component according to claim 20, characterized in that the fastening elements are designed as slotted tubes running parallel to the abutment surface »the slot of which opens either directly or via a short channel piece into the top surface of the component. - 22. Plate-shaped element according to claim 20 and 21, characterized in that the concave _r fasteners (od Ma3chendraht. The like.) In the Veriestigungsgeriist ™ are anchored the Schaumstoifschicht. 23. Intermediate piece for plate-shaped components according to claim 20.-22, characterized in that it consists of one Plastic board consists of two on one side in cross section with that of the concave fastening elements matching projections are arranged, while it is completely smooth in the rest. , 24. Jrlattenföraiiges building element for the production of a house, in particular according to claims 1-6, characterized by thin, made of rigid plastic, parallel to one another arranged cover plates, which by a foam layer with one or more solid inserts such as Wire mesh or the like are connected to one another, with web plates standing perpendicular to the cover plates - 7 -3/01431 -st - rigid plastic in the area of the joint surfaces are embedded in the foam, which are reinforced in a bead-like manner at their two ends associated with the cover plates are and by means of hook-shaped projections over parts of the reinforcement framework (wire mesh or the like.) engage, while the width of these web plates corresponds to the distance between the cover plates and a certain area near the ends of the multi-skin sheets is not covered by the cover sheets. 25. Intermediate piece · for components according to claim 24, characterized in that it is designed as a smooth plastic board whose thickness corresponds to that of the cover plates and aas with the two web plates in the neighboring Ends of two abutting components is screwed. 26o Plate-shaped component for the manufacture of a house, in particular according to claim 1 - b _t characterized by thin cover plates made of rigid plastic, arranged parallel to one another, which are covered by a foam layer with one or more solid inserts such as. Wire mesh or the like are connected to one another, with block-shaped conical or cylindrical parts made of solid plastic being embedded in each of the abutment surfaces engage in the fastening screws, by means of which continuous or interrupted impact walls are attached 909823/0438 who in turn carry one or more rails with a hammer-head-shaped or mushroom-shaped profile, while on the opposite abutment surface, an abutment wall with the corresponding concave counter profile or profiles by embedding (foaming) protruding parts of this shock wall in the foam layer is attached between the cover plates. 27 · Plate-shaped structural element according to claim 26, characterized in that both impact walls in addition to the Screw connection or foaming are still glued to the component. 28. Plate-shaped building element for the construction of a house, in particular according to claims 1-6 and with a vaulted ceiling, characterized by a foam body with one or more solid deposits (wire mesh or the like) of the bow-shaped in a solid, u ^ gefäht in cross-section gen plastic body, consisting of a cover plate with two opposing bumpers as well as those located parallel to the cover plate Approaches low wall thickness is inserted. 29 · Plate-shaped component according to claim 28, characterized through a cavity within the impact wall, into which a cavity extending in the longitudinal direction of the impact wall Gap leads, being on the abutment surface of one abutment wall 909823/0438 on both sides of the gap, each a prism-shaped projection and in the other, opposite abutment surface, correspondingly shaped depressions are arranged and each Cavity and the associated gap accommodate part of a double-T-shaped intermediate piece, the other of which, identically formed part is in the cavity of the adjoining shock wall of the adjacent component is located » 30. Plate-shaped building element for the construction of a house, in particular according to claims 1-6, characterized by a foam body with one or more inserts (Framework reinforcement), which is embedded between thin cover plates made of rigid plastic, whereby all abutting surfaces have the shape of concavely curved parts of a cylinder surface. 31 · Method of making a house, in particular according to claims 1-6, from the components according to claims 9-17, 19-22, 24, 26-29 using of the intermediate pieces according to Claims 18, 23 and 25, characterized in that the assembled Finishing walls and roofs with a layer of glass fiber reinforced polyester resin by spraying or Brush can be covered. - 10 909823/0438 32 · Method of making a house, in particular according to claim 1-6, characterized in that this house is made in one piece by means of a single mold Introducing the foam mass into the cavity of the mold, in which all the cover plates and framework reinforcements were previously placed and if necessary reinforcements, fittings etc. have been established. 33 · A method for producing a _{panel-shaped structural element 9} in particular according to claims 9-17, 19-22, 24-29, characterized in that both the cover panels and the framework reinforcement as well as all retaining elements and fittings are in the form of the The position that they should have in the finished component can be determined and then the foam mass is fed into the mold «, 909823/0438 36 blank page