CZ300681B6 - Aircraft hybrid drive - Google Patents

Aircraft hybrid drive Download PDF

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Publication number
CZ300681B6
CZ300681B6 CZ20080500A CZ2008500A CZ300681B6 CZ 300681 B6 CZ300681 B6 CZ 300681B6 CZ 20080500 A CZ20080500 A CZ 20080500A CZ 2008500 A CZ2008500 A CZ 2008500A CZ 300681 B6 CZ300681 B6 CZ 300681B6
Authority
CZ
Czechia
Prior art keywords
propeller
electric motor
fuselage
propulsion
internal combustion
Prior art date
Application number
CZ20080500A
Other languages
Czech (cs)
Other versions
CZ2008500A3 (en
Inventor
Vycítal@Jirí
Moravec@Tomáš
Original Assignee
Vycítal@Jirí
Moravec@Tomáš
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vycítal@Jirí, Moravec@Tomáš filed Critical Vycítal@Jirí
Priority to CZ20080500A priority Critical patent/CZ300681B6/en
Publication of CZ2008500A3 publication Critical patent/CZ2008500A3/en
Publication of CZ300681B6 publication Critical patent/CZ300681B6/en
Priority to PCT/CZ2009/000102 priority patent/WO2010020199A1/en

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64DEQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D27/00Arrangement or mounting of power plants in aircraft; Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
    • B64D27/02Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
    • B64D27/04Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants of piston type
    • B64D27/08Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants of piston type within, or attached to, fuselages
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64DEQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D27/00Arrangement or mounting of power plants in aircraft; Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
    • B64D27/02Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
    • B64D27/026Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants comprising different types of power plants, e.g. combination of a piston engine and a gas-turbine
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64DEQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D27/00Arrangement or mounting of power plants in aircraft; Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
    • B64D27/02Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
    • B64D27/24Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants using steam or spring force
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T50/00Aeronautics or air transport
    • Y02T50/60Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a hybrid drive of an aircraft comprised of two propeller driving units from which one propeller driving unit is performed on a principle of an internal combustion engine (1) with a propeller and the other one is performed on the principle of an electric motor (2) with a propeller, too. The engine and the motor are disposed without mutual mechanical linkage in tandem like manner in the direction of flight on the aircraft fuselage such that one of the motors (1, 2) is disposed in the fuselage front portion generating thus a propulsive effect by its pulling-down propeller while the other motor (2, 1) is located in the fuselage rear portion generating thus a propulsive effect by its pusher propeller and electric cells supplying power to the electric motor are rechargeable during flight by recuperation from the electric motor with the propeller and/or from a generator disposed on the internal combustion engine (1).

Description

Hybridní pohon letadlaHybrid propulsion aircraft

Oblast technikyTechnical field

Vynález se týká propulsního pohonu letadla, využívajícího principy elektrického motoru a spalovacího motoru.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to an aircraft propulsion propulsion system utilizing the principles of an electric motor and an internal combustion engine.

io Dosavadní stavio Background

V současnosti jsou v převážné většině všechna prakticky využitelná letadla poháněná motory, které pro vytvoření propulse přeměňují chemickou energii obsaženou v palivu spalovacím procesem na tepelnou a poté její expanzí na mechanickou sloužící k urychlení proudu vzduchu pomocí vrtule a na základě zákona o změně hybnosti proudu vzduchu tak vytvářejí tah potřebný k pohybu letounu. Vedle tohoto základního principu přeměny energie na vytvoření propulse se objevují v současnosti pokusy využít k vytvoření propulse elektrické energie její přeměnou na mechanickou energii v elektrickém motoru, Tyto elektrické motory jsou z důvodu omezené kapacity elektrických článků schopné pohánět pouze lehčí letadla, převážně modely letadel. Objevují se také pokusy překonat omezení kapacity elektrických článků pomocí hybridního pohonu (kombinace spalovacího motoru a elektromotoru), který je řešen jako analogie pohonu hybridních automobilů, V rámci tohoto řešení existuje buďto mechanická vazba mezi spalovacím motorem a elektromotorem, tvořící společný náhon pouze na jednu vrtuli, takže obě pohonné jednotky nejsou nezávislé, neboje spalovací motor pouze zdroj energie pro dobíjení článků. Tato řešení mají z hledis25 ka aplikace na letadlech nevýhody, především z ohledem na konstrukční složitost, hmotnost a spolehlivost. Pohon těžších letadel sloužících k dopravě osob či nákladů je ve stadiu pokusů. Vzhledem k budoucí omezené dostupnosti uhlovodíkových paliv na bázi ropy nabývá na důležitosti trend využít k pohonu letadel elektrické energie.At present, most of the practically usable aircraft are engines powered by engines that convert the chemical energy contained in the fuel into a thermal process to create propulsion and then expand it to mechanical to accelerate the air flow using a propeller and based on the momentum create the thrust required to move the airplane. In addition to this basic principle of converting energy into propulsion, there are presently attempts to use propulsion to convert propulsion into mechanical energy in an electric motor. There are also attempts to overcome the capacity limitation of electric cells by means of a hybrid drive (a combination of an internal combustion engine and an electric motor), which is solved as an analogue to the hybrid car. In this solution there is either a mechanical link between the internal combustion engine and the electric motor. so that both power units are not independent, or the internal combustion engine is only a source of energy for recharging the cells. These solutions have disadvantages in terms of aircraft applications, particularly in terms of design complexity, weight and reliability. The propulsion of heavier aircraft used for the transport of persons or cargo is in the experimental phase. Given the future limited availability of petroleum-based hydrocarbon fuels, the trend of using electricity to power aircraft is increasingly important.

Podstata vynálezuSUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Nevýhody a omezené možnosti čistě elektrického pohonu letadel odstraňuje navržený hybridní pohon, který jednoduchým způsobem kombinuje dvě nezávislé vrtulové pohonné jednotky vytvo35 řené na principu spalovacího motoru s vrtulí a elektrického motoru s vrtulí.Disadvantages and limited possibilities of purely electric aircraft propulsion are eliminated by the proposed hybrid propulsion, which combines in a simple way two independent propeller propulsion units created on the principle of internal combustion engine with propeller and electric engine with propeller.

Podstatou koncepčního uspořádání podle vynálezu je tandemové uspořádání obou druhů motorů s vrtulí na trupu letadla. Jeden motor s vrtulí je umístěn v přední části trupu letadla jako tažný a druhý motor s vrtulí je umístěn na konci trupu jako tlačný. Toto uspořádání motorů je bez vnitřní mechanické vazby a umožňuje jak společný chod obou motorů, kdy oba vytváří maximální propulsní účinek, tak současně umožňuje i vzájemně nezávislý chod pouze jednoho z motorů např. v cestovním letu, kdy se tak šetří energie druhého motoru. Současně další výhodou této koncepce je to, že osy obou motorů / vrtulí jsou uspořádány souběžně s hlavní podélnou osou symetrie trupu / letadla a mohou být případně jak v její blízkosti, tak i s touto hlavní osou iden45 tické a v případě letu najeden motor je tím vhodně eliminován zatáčivý účinek, který je jinak významný při letu najeden motor u letadel v klasickém uspořádání motorů na křídlech.The essence of the conceptual arrangement according to the invention is a tandem arrangement of both types of propeller engines on the fuselage of an aircraft. One propeller engine is located at the front of the fuselage as a traction and the other propeller engine is located at the end of the fuselage as a thrust. This arrangement of the motors is free of internal mechanical coupling and allows both motors to run together, both producing maximum impulse effect, and at the same time allowing only one of the motors to operate independently, for example in a cruise flight, thereby saving the energy of the other. At the same time, another advantage of this concept is that the axes of the two engines / propellers are arranged parallel to the main longitudinal axis of the fuselage / aircraft symmetry and may be iden- tical both near and with this major axis. eliminated cornering effect, which is otherwise significant in a single engine flight of aircraft in the classic arrangement of the wings.

Výhodou nezávislého uspořádání pohonných jednotek je také možnost rekuperačního dobíjení elektrických článků za letu pomocí hnacího elektromotoru ve funkci generátoru, poháněného vrtulí. Tento systém dobíjení za letu může být dále kombinován s dobíjením elektrických článků z generátoru na spalovacím motoru a na zemi lze elektrické články dobíjet z pozemního a síťového zdroje.An advantage of the independent arrangement of power units is also the possibility of regenerative charging of electric cells in flight by means of a propulsion electric motor as a generator driven by a propeller. This in-flight recharging system can be combined with the recharging of electrical cells from a generator on an internal combustion engine, and on the ground the electrical cells can be recharged from a terrestrial and AC power source.

Cl 300681 B6Cl, 300681 B6

Přehled obrázku na výkreseOverview of the figure in the drawing

Vynález bude dále vysvětlen pomocí výkresu, na kterém je v bočním pohledu schematicky znázorněno uspořádání jednotlivých motorů s vrtulí na trupu letadla.The invention will be further explained by means of a drawing, in which a side view schematically shows the arrangement of the individual engines with a propeller on the fuselage of the aircraft.

Příklad provedení vynálezu io Hybridní pohon letadla, podle obrázku, sestává ze dvou na sobě nezávislých tandemově uspořádaných motorů s vrtulí. Přední motor i s tažnou vrtulí je umístěn v přední části trupu letadla a může být buď elektrický nebo spalovací. Zadní motor 2 s tlačnou vrtulí je umístěn na konci trupu letadla a může být buď elektrický nebo spalovací v závislosti na tom, jaký typ motoru s vrtulí je použit jako přední. Osy vrtulí obou motorů, předního i zadního jsou uspořádány rovnoběžně/sou15 běžně s hlavní podélnou osou symetrie trupu.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The hybrid aircraft propulsion, as shown in the figure, consists of two independent tandem propeller engines. The front engine with a propeller is located in the front of the fuselage and can be either electric or internal combustion. The rear propeller engine 2 is located at the end of the aircraft fuselage and can be either electric or internal combustion, depending on which type of propeller engine is used as the front. The propeller axes of both the front and rear engines are arranged parallel / parallel to the main longitudinal axis of the fuselage symmetry.

Elektrické články napájející energií elektrický motor 2 jsou dobij itelné za letu rekuperací od elektrického motoru 2 s vrtulí a/nebo z generátoru umístěného na spalovacím motoru kElectric cells supplying power to the electric motor 2 are rechargeable in flight by recovery from the electric motor 2 with the propeller and / or from a generator located on the internal combustion engine to

Claims (2)

PATENTOVÉ NÁROKYPATENT CLAIMS 1. Hybridní pohon letadla sestávající ze dvou vrtulových pohonných jednotek, z nichž jedna je vytvořená na principu spalovacího motoru (1) s vrtulí a druhá na principu elektrického motoru (2) s vrtulí, vyznačující se tím, že motory jsou umístěny bez vzájemné mechanické vazby tandemově ve směru letu na trupu letadla tak, že jeden z motorů (1,2) je umístěn v předníA hybrid aircraft propulsion comprising two propulsion propulsion units, one of which is based on a propeller internal combustion engine (1) and the other based on an electric propeller (2) propeller, characterized in that the engines are located without mechanical coupling tandem in the direction of flight on the fuselage so that one of the engines (1,2) is located in the front 30 části trupu a vytváří propulsní účinek tažnou vrtulí a druhý z motorů (1, 2) je umístěn v zadní části trupu a vytváří propulsní účinek tlačnou vrtulí a elektrické články napájející energií elektrický motor jsou dobij itelné za letu.The second of the engines (1, 2) is located at the rear of the fuselage and produces a thrust propulsion effect, and the electrical power elements of the electric motor are rechargeable in flight. 2. Hybridní pohon letadla podle nároku 1, vyznačující se tím, že elektrické člán35 ky napájející energií elektrický motor (2) jsou dobij itelné za letu rekuperací od elektrického motoru (2) s vrtulí a/nebo z generátoru umístěného na spalovacím motoru (1).Hybrid aircraft propulsion according to claim 1, characterized in that the electric cells supplying power to the electric motor (2) are rechargeable in flight by recovery from the electric motor (2) with the propeller and / or from a generator located on the internal combustion engine (1). .
CZ20080500A 2008-08-20 2008-08-20 Aircraft hybrid drive CZ300681B6 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CZ20080500A CZ300681B6 (en) 2008-08-20 2008-08-20 Aircraft hybrid drive
PCT/CZ2009/000102 WO2010020199A1 (en) 2008-08-20 2009-08-19 Aircraft hybrid propulsion

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CZ20080500A CZ300681B6 (en) 2008-08-20 2008-08-20 Aircraft hybrid drive

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WO2010020199A1 (en) 2010-02-25

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