CN218953333U

CN218953333U - Force transmission mechanism of pushing system for tunneling construction of T-shaped connecting channel of tunnel group

Info

Publication number: CN218953333U
Application number: CN202221615796.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朱瑶宏
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2022-06-24
Filing date: 2022-06-24
Publication date: 2023-05-02
Anticipated expiration: 2032-06-24

Abstract

The utility model provides a force transmission mechanism of a pushing system for tunneling construction of a T-shaped connecting channel of a tunnel group, wherein the connecting channel is used for connecting at least one main tunnel. The force transfer mechanism comprises a counter-force frame and a force transfer pull rod assembly, wherein the counter-force frame is used for providing support for the tunneling equipment in the tunneling direction, the force transfer pull rod assembly comprises a plurality of force transfer pull rods which are distributed along the circumferential direction of the communication channel, each force transfer pull rod is used for connecting the counter-force frame to a main tunnel segment surrounding the starting end of the communication channel, the supporting force born by the counter-force frame is transmitted to the main tunnel segment, and the force transfer pull rod is configured to provide driving force for pushing the tunneling equipment in a manner of pulling the counter-force frame to move. According to the scheme, the pushing system cancels the back support, so that the structure is simplified, the whole system is intensified, the back space of the reaction frame is released, and space convenience is provided for synchronous construction of a plurality of connecting channels, synchronous construction of mechanical connecting channels and synchronous construction of a main tunnel. And the problem of angle adjustment of the reaction frame is solved.

Description

Force transmission mechanism of pushing system for tunneling construction of T-shaped connecting channel of tunnel group

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of underground engineering, in particular to a force transmission mechanism which can be applied to a pushing system for tunneling construction of a T-shaped connecting channel of a tunnel group.

Background

According to the specification of subway design specification: and a communication channel is arranged between the two single-line interval tunnels when the continuous length of the tunnels is more than 600 m. The communication channels of subway tunnels and municipal highway tunnels are mostly adopting a mining method. For example, in an area with abundant groundwater, the area is usually reinforced by adopting a freezing method, and then the communication channel is excavated by adopting a mining method. However, the construction of the freezing method is easy to cause bad consequences such as frost heaving, thawing sinking and the like, a certain ground subsidence is usually caused, and even the danger of collapse occurs when the ground subsidence is large, which is particularly difficult to adapt to urban core areas with complex geological conditions and high environmental protection requirements. The construction method has long construction period, usually needs over 100 days of freezing, and then can start excavation, so that the construction period is often 4-6 months. In addition, for the stratum with sand layers and pressure-bearing water, the freezing method has poor effect, is easy to cause accidents, has great influence on environment and has high risk.

In recent years, a method of constructing a connecting channel by adopting an assembled connecting channel structure and adopting a mechanical method is proposed. In the starting process, the pre-supporting trolley is required to be opened and supported on the main tunnel duct piece in the upper, lower, left and right directions to form a full-ring integral pre-supporting structure, and the reaction frame is supported on the main tunnel duct piece on the opposite side of the starting direction to bear thrust as the back rest of the pushing device. Taking subway tunnel construction as an example, the tunnel inside diameter is typically 5.5m to 6m, and in some projects can be even expanded to 8.1m or more. For tunnel construction operations of other projects, the inside diameter of the tunnel may be large or small. While current pre-support structures are able to accommodate tunnel inner diameter requirements varying between 5.5m and 7.1 m. When the tunnel diameter is greater than 7.1m, for example, up to 8.1m, the same support means will result in a very bulky system of pre-support structures. And as the diameter of the tunnel is increased, the adaptability and stability of the main tunnel segment structure and the supporting structure, and the stress change, the structural strength and the like in the construction process are required to be researched again. The current construction method does not provide any reference.

In addition, by adopting the whole-ring integral type pre-supporting structure, the space of the whole main tunnel is occupied by the pre-supporting structure, vehicles cannot pass, and two sides of a construction position cannot be communicated. This results in that the construction of other connection channels or the other construction of the main tunnel can be performed only after the construction of one connection channel is completed, and a plurality of construction processes cannot be performed simultaneously, resulting in an extension of the construction progress. On the other hand, the main components in the prior art, the back and pushing system can only finish the angle adjustment of the planned pushing line by means of manual site.

Accordingly, there is a need to provide an apparatus and associated mechanisms or components for tunnelling of a tunnel group T-tie-way to at least partially address the above problems, while controlling the apparatus manufacturing and construction costs.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide a force transfer mechanism which can be used for a pushing system for tunneling construction of a T-shaped connecting channel of a tunnel group so as to realize synchronous construction of various procedures, improve construction efficiency, shorten construction period and reduce equipment manufacturing cost and construction cost.

According to one aspect of the utility model, the force transmission mechanism comprises a reaction frame for providing support for the tunnelling equipment in the tunnelling direction and a force transmission tie rod assembly comprising a plurality of force transmission tie rods arranged in the circumferential direction of the connection channel, each of the force transmission tie rods connecting the reaction frame to a main tunnel segment surrounding the originating end of the connection channel, transmitting the support force borne by the reaction frame to the main tunnel segment, wherein the force transmission tie rods are configured to be able to provide a driving force pushing the tunnelling equipment in such a way that they are pulled to move.

In some embodiments, the force transmission tie rod is configured as a counter-pull oil head tie rod.

In some embodiments, each of the force-transmitting levers has an independent control unit.

In some embodiments, the plurality of force transfer struts are uniformly disposed in a quadrant-symmetrical fashion about a central axis of the communication channel.

In some embodiments, the plurality of force transfer rods is at least four and is uniformly distributed around the circumference of the communication channel.

In some embodiments, at least a portion of the force-transmitting tie rod is directly connected to the primary tunnel segment surrounding the originating end of the communication channel.

In some embodiments, the originating end of the communication channel is provided with an originating sleeve connected to the primary tunnel segment, at least a portion of the force transfer lever being connected to the originating sleeve.

In some embodiments, one end of the force transmission tie rod is pivotably connected to the reaction frame and/or the other end of the force transmission tie rod is pivotably connected to the main tunnel segment or to an originating sleeve connected to the main tunnel segment.

In some embodiments, one end of the force transmission pull rod is detachably connected to the reaction frame and/or the other end of the force transmission pull rod is detachably connected to the main tunnel segment or an originating sleeve connected to the main tunnel segment.

In some embodiments, the reaction frame is provided with an angle adjustment unit on the side facing the connection channel, which is configured to be able to adjust the angle of the driving direction of the driving device relative to the central axis of the connection channel.

In some embodiments, the angle adjustment unit comprises a plurality of hydraulic cylinders uniformly arranged in a quadrant-symmetrical manner about the central axis of the communication channel.

In some embodiments, one end of the hydraulic cylinders is connected to the reaction frame, and the other end is connected to an annular abutment member, where the abutment member is used to abut against the tunneling device or the segment of the communication channel.

In some embodiments, the force-transmitting tie rod is configured as a multi-section telescopic structure.

In some embodiments, the reaction frame is capable of mating with a slide rail extending along a central axis of the communication channel.

The force transmission mechanism for the pushing system has the following beneficial technical effects:

by utilizing the force transmission mechanism, the pushing system cancels the back support, not only simplifies the structure and intensifies the whole pushing system, but also releases the back space of the counterforce frame, thereby providing space convenience for synchronous construction of a plurality of connecting channels, synchronous construction of mechanical connecting channels and synchronous construction of a main tunnel. In addition, the utility model also solves the problem of angle adjustment between the counter-force frame and the pushing system.

The force transfer mechanism provided by the utility model has low manufacturing cost, saves construction space due to convenient operation, and can synchronously carry out a plurality of construction procedures, thereby obviously reducing construction cost.

Drawings

For a better understanding of the above and other objects, features, advantages and functions of the present utility model, reference should be made to the preferred embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Like reference numerals refer to like parts throughout the drawings. It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the drawings are intended to schematically illustrate preferred embodiments of the utility model, and that the scope of the utility model is not limited in any way by the drawings, and that the various components are not drawn to scale. Wherein,,

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a pusher system according to a preferred embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a side view of the pusher system shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is another perspective view of the pusher system of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a reaction frame of the pusher system shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a propulsion system according to the present utility model in a ready state prior to initiation of a tunneling process;

FIGS. 6-8 are schematic views of the pushing system according to the present utility model in different states during tunneling;

FIG. 9 is a force analysis model of a primary tunnel segment and a connecting channel aperture door ring;

fig. 10 and 11 are respectively the results of the stress analysis of the main tunnel segment and the connecting channel opening door ring under different pushing pressures; and

figure 12 is a schematic view of a cross section of a main tunnel during mechanical link construction using the thrusting system according to the present utility model.

Detailed Description

Specific embodiments of the present utility model will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. What has been described herein is merely a preferred embodiment according to the present utility model, and other ways of implementing the utility model will occur to those skilled in the art on the basis of the preferred embodiment, and are intended to fall within the scope of the utility model as well.

In order to realize the intercommunication of underground space networks, a large number of T-shaped connecting tunnels are required to be constructed. Such as: subway, highway section communication channel, subway access & exit and wind shaft, municipal administration piping lane examine workover, long tunnel middle wind shaft, water service tunnel connecting wire etc.. The utility model provides a pushing system suitable for tunnel group T-shaped connection channel construction by a mechanical method. The connecting channel can be an assembled connecting channel formed by assembled units such as duct pieces or pipe joints.

Referring to fig. 1-3, a pusher system 10 according to a preferred embodiment includes a reaction frame 11 and a plurality of force transfer links 12. During the construction of the mechanical communication channel, the pushing system 10 is fixed in the main tunnel 1 at a position corresponding to the communication channel to be tunneled. The force transmission tie rods 12 are used to connect the reaction frame 11 with a corresponding segment of the main tunnel 1 (which may be referred to as a main tunnel segment) surrounding the originating end of the connecting channel. The reaction frame 11 is used to provide support for the ripping apparatus. A plurality of transfer levers 12 are arranged circumferentially of the communication channel forming a transfer lever assembly. Wherein the supporting forces are finally transferred via the force transfer levers 12 to the main tunnel segment surrounding the originating end of the connecting channel. Thus, the force supporting the forward tunneling of the tunneling apparatus is provided by the main tunnel segment on the same side.

As shown in fig. 9, with the diameter of the main tunnel segment being R1, a connecting channel with the diameter of R2 is excavated on the main tunnel segment, and the stress analysis is performed on the main tunnel segment and the door ring forming the connecting channel. The results show that with the pushing system 10, the local concentrated stress of the main tunnel segment is up to 10-20 MPa, and is mainly concentrated on the periphery of the force transmission pull rod, and the force transmission pull rod can be treated by locally reinforcing the periphery of the force transmission pull rod. Under the action of 250-450 kPa pushing distribution force, the maximum horizontal lateral displacement of the opening position of the communication channel reaches-1.0 to-1.5 mm, and the horizontal inward convergence trend has less influence on the uncut whole ring of the adjacent main tunnel segment. Specifically, taking R1 as 8.1m and R2 as 3.65m as examples, the results of the stress analysis of the main tunnel segment and the door ring forming the connecting channel are shown in fig. 10 and 11, respectively. It can be seen that the maximum displacement deformation of the main tunnel segment is-1.2 mm and the maximum displacement deformation of the aperture ring forming the communication channel is-1.2 mm when bearing a pushing force of 450kPa at maximum. It can be seen that the mechanical connection channel construction by using the pushing system 10 according to the present utility model can satisfy the stress redistribution of the main tunnel segment in the connection channel hole breaking process, and ensure the safety and stability of the structural stress, so that the present utility model is feasible. Even for large diameter tunnels (e.g., 8.0m and above).

By using the pushing system 10 according to the present utility model for mechanical link construction, the support structure provided between the side of the main tunnel 1 facing away from the originating end of the link and the reaction frame 11 (i.e., the reaction frame 11 is a reaction frame without back) can be omitted, so that the main tunnel 1 can still retain a sufficient passage space while performing mechanical link construction (see fig. 12). Vehicles, personnel, materials and the like can be transferred between different positions of the main tunnel 1 by utilizing a passing space on one side of the reaction frame 11, which is far away from the connecting channel, so that various construction procedures can be synchronously carried out, and particularly, construction of a plurality of connecting channels can be simultaneously carried out at different positions of the completed main tunnel, and the construction period can be greatly shortened. Preferably, the maximum distance between the side of the reaction frame facing away from the connecting channel and the segment wall of the main tunnel may be set to be not less than one third of the radial dimension of the main tunnel, so as to ensure that the passage space has a sufficient dimension for passage. The maximum distance of the traffic space can even be set to be not less than one half of the radial dimension of the main tunnel when the diameter of the main tunnel is large.

The pushing system and the construction method using the same are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The pushing system provided by the utility model can be suitable for two construction modes of a shield method and a pipe jacking method. Correspondingly, the tunneling equipment is a shield tunneling machine (namely a shield tunneling machine) and a pipe jacking tunneling machine respectively. Corresponding to the shield method, the splicing unit is a segment. Corresponding to the pipe jacking method, the assembling unit is a pipe joint. In order to meet the supporting effect on the driving equipment, the reaction frame 11 is made of a rigid material, such as steel or composite material. The reaction frame 11 has a size adapted to the size of the tunneling apparatus used for excavating the communication channel, and has a rigidity set so as to satisfy the requirement of deformation resistance in the pushing tunneling construction. In the drawings, the reaction frame 11 is shown in a substantially rectangular shape. However, it will be appreciated that the reaction frame 11 may be configured in the shape of a circle, ring or any other shape that meets the construction requirements, as an alternative.

As can be seen from the foregoing, the force transmission tie rod 12 serves as a mechanism for transmitting force between the reaction frame 11 and the main tunnel segment, and is provided in plurality at intervals along the circumferential direction of the communication channel to provide an even force transmission effect. The plurality of force transfer levers 12 are evenly arranged in a quadrant-symmetrical fashion about the central axis of the communication channel. Preferably, the force transfer lever 12 comprises at least four.

According to the utility model, the force transmission tie rod 12 is a power tie rod capable of providing a driving force. The force transmission pull rod 12 can be a reverse pull oil top pull rod, in particular to a hydraulic jack system taking reverse pull force as main force, and the length of a center rod and the reverse pull force can meet the requirement of pushing the tunneling machine of the pipe jacking method. That is, the force transmission tie rod 12 is configured to be able to provide a driving force pushing the ripping apparatus in such a manner that the reaction frame 11 is pulled to move. This eliminates the need for a power device on the back side of the reaction frame 11 to push it forward. Preferably, the transfer rod 12 may be provided in an expandable and contractible multi-section configuration. In addition, the driving force can be adjusted by adjusting the number of the force transmission pull rods 12.

Preferably, each transfer rod 12 has an independent control unit that can be extended or retracted independently. The fine adjustment of the angular relationship between the heading direction of the heading equipment and the central axis of the connecting channel can be achieved by adjusting the strokes of the different force transmission tie rods 12, so that the function of angle adjustment is achieved.

Further preferably, the pushing system 10 may include a dedicated angle adjustment unit 14 comprising a plurality of hydraulic cylinders arranged in a quadrant-symmetrical manner about the central axis of the communication channel. By controlling the strokes of the hydraulic cylinders in different positions, the angle adjustment unit 14 is able to fine-tune the angle of the heading direction of the heading equipment with respect to the central axis of the communication passage within a predetermined range so as to make the heading direction coincide with the central axis or meet the demands of other angle adjustments. By matching the force transmission pull rod 12 with the angle adjusting unit 14, the pushing system 10 can realize a flexible angle adjusting function without manual operation. Since the angle adjustment unit 14 does not need to provide a very large driving force, a smaller size and specification of hydraulic cylinder can be selected accordingly. Further, it is also possible to provide abutment members 141 each connected to one end of the hydraulic cylinder facing away from the reaction frame 11. The angle adjusting unit 14 is abutted with the segment of the tunneling apparatus or the communication passage through the abutment 141. In some embodiments, the abutment member 141 may be specifically an annular top iron.

It will be appreciated that in construction, the reaction frame 11 reciprocates along the central axis of the communication channel as the force transmission tie rod 12 provides the driving force. Preferably, as shown in fig. 1 and 4, the pusher system 10 is provided with a slide rail 15, which may be made of a rigid material such as steel, fixedly disposed and extending along the central axis of the communication channel. The reaction frame 11 is movable along the slide rail 15, with lateral spacing and longitudinal guidance provided by the slide rail 15. The reaction frame 11 and the slide rail 15 can be guided and limited by the structure of the protruding part and the slide groove. For example, the bottom of the reaction frame 11 is provided with a recess as a slide groove, and the slide rail 15 is accommodated as a protruding portion in the recess. Alternatively, a sliding groove extending along the central axis of the communication channel may be provided on the sliding rail 11, and a corresponding protrusion may be provided on the reaction frame 11. The cross section of the sliding groove and the protruding part matched with each other can be circular, round, rectangular and the like.

With continued reference to fig. 1-3, the originating end of the contact passage is preferably provided with an originating sleeve 13 fixedly connected to the primary tunnel segment. The fixed connection mode can be pre-buried, welded, bolted, sleeve connection and the like. Further, the end of the force transmission pull rod 12 facing the communication channel may be connected to the originating sleeve 13. In other words, the force transmission tie rod 12 connects the reaction frame 11 indirectly to the main tunnel segment through the originating sleeve 13. Of course, in other embodiments, the transfer rod 12 may also be connected directly to the main tunnel segment. Alternatively, part of the force transmission pull rod 12 is connected with the main tunnel segment, and part of the force transmission pull rod 12 is connected with the starting sleeve 13.

Preferably, the transfer rod 12 and the originating sleeve 13 or the main tunnel segment can be pivotably connected by means of a coupling device, wherein the pivot axis is perpendicular to the length direction of the transfer rod 12. And/or the force transmission rod 12 and the reaction frame 11 can be connected in the same way by means of a coupling device. The coupling means may in particular be a pin and a structure cooperating with the pin. Alternatively, the pins may be arranged in a detachable manner, so that the force transmission tie rod 12 is detachable from the originating sleeve 13 or the main tunnel segment and/or from the reaction frame 11. The connection mode can be used for adjusting the relative position relation between the pushing system and the main tunnel, fitting the design angle and facilitating normal operation of tunneling equipment and the pushing system.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1-3, the structure that mates with the pin may be a fixedly disposed mount 16. The mounting 16 and the ends of the force transmission tie rod 12 have mounting holes through which the pins pass. Preferably, the mounting block 16 includes two spaced apart side walls with mounting holes in each side wall aligned. The end of the force transfer lever 12 is received in the space between the two side walls and then the pins are passed through the respective mounting holes, completing the pivotable connection of the force transfer lever 12. It will be appreciated that removal of the pin from the mounting hole will allow the transfer rod 12 to be removed. The mounting 16 may be arranged in different positions depending on the connection position of the force transmission tie rod 12. For example, in embodiments where the force transfer lever 12 is connected to the originating sleeve 13, the mount 16 is fixed to the outside of the originating sleeve 13; in the embodiment in which the transfer lever 12 is connected to the main tunnel segment, the mounting 16 is fixed to the main tunnel segment. The mounting 16 may also be fixed to the reaction frame 11 when the force transmission lever 12 is pivotably connected to the reaction frame 11.

The method of carrying out a communication passage driving construction using the pushing system according to the present utility model, particularly the process before the initiation of the driving, will be described with reference to fig. 5 to 8.

In addition to the pushing system 10 and the tunneling apparatus 3, the mechanical link construction also requires a mating apparatus such as the transport system 2 for transporting materials shown in fig. 5, or the like. The pushing system 10, the tunnelling equipment 3, the starting sleeve 13 and the transportation system 2 may be combined into a unitary structure prior to tunnelling. The complete set of integrated structures may then be transported to the location of the to-be-excavated contact tunnel in the main tunnel. The integral structure of the whole set is fixed in this position using the fixing legs and other auxiliary structures.

Further, the overall positional relationship of the starting sleeve 13, the tunneling apparatus 3 and the pushing system 10 is adjusted to the direction to be tunneling by the starting adjustment platform. Then the originating sleeve 13 and the end of the force transmission pull rod 12 facing the connecting channel to be excavated are connected with the main tunnel segment. Wherein the force transfer pull rod 12 may be all connected to the originating sleeve 13 or the force transfer pull rod 12 may be all connected directly to the main tunnel segment. Or it is also possible to connect part of the force transmission tie rod 12 with the originating sleeve 13 and to connect part of the force transmission tie rod 12 directly with the main tunnel segment. In addition, it will be appreciated that in some embodiments, the originating sleeve 13 may also be omitted.

Further, the starting direction adjustment of the tunneling apparatus 3 is completed by adjusting the relative positional relationship of the tunneling apparatus 3 and the reaction frame 11. And one end of the force transmission pull rod 12 facing the reaction frame 11 is connected with the reaction frame 11, and the front end and the rear end of the force transmission pull rod 12 are locked by using a fixing mechanism. The whole set of integrated structures is thus connected to the main tunnel 1 as a fixed whole. The ripper apparatus 3 may then be translated to the planned starting location by the auxiliary means.

The preparation process is applicable to both the shield method and the pipe jacking method.

For the shield construction mode, after the pushing system 10 is adjusted to the accurate position according to the planned line of the planned tunneling connecting channel, the force transfer counter-pulling oil cylinder (namely the force transfer pull rod 12) needs to be hydraulically locked, and then the auxiliary duct piece and the steel structure before starting are installed. Then, starting tunneling is performed, tunneling is performed sequentially, the connecting channel splicing unit 31 (namely the duct piece) is spliced, and the circulating is performed until the connecting channel construction is completed. Preferably, as shown in fig. 4, the reaction frame 11 is provided with a material transport hole 111 penetrating therethrough. The materials such as connecting channel segments for assembly, which are required in the tunneling process of the shield construction, can be conveyed to the tunneling equipment 3 through the material conveying holes 111.

For the push bench construction, after the pushing system 10 is adjusted to the accurate position according to the planned route of the planned tunneling communication path, at least one of the two ends of the force transmission tie rod 12 interfering with the pipe section transportation path is disconnected first and removed. Wherein the removal may be by retracting the counter pull oil top pull rod or pivoting about the end of the stay attached to a position that does not interfere with the pipe section transport path. The pipe sections to be assembled are then transported into place by the transport system 2 and the assembly is completed. Before tunneling is started, the force transmission pull rod 12 which is disconnected is restored to be in a connected state, and then the force transmission pull rod 12 is driven to drive the reaction frame 11, so that the force transmission pull rod 12 pushes the spliced connecting channel pipe joint and the tunneling equipment 3 to push a pipe joint forward along the tunneling-planned direction. And then the force transmission pull rod 12 is reversely driven to drive the reaction frame 11 to retract. And repeating the steps to finish tunneling and assembling of each connecting channel pipe joint until the connecting channel construction is finished.

Preferably, the originating sleeve 13 is provided with a backstop device. After the tunneling of the pipe joint of the section is completed, the pipe joint can be fixed by using the retaining device, and then the force transmission pull rod 12 is reversely driven to drive the reaction frame 11 to retract, so that the pipe joint is prevented from retracting under pressure.

The foregoing description of various embodiments of the utility model has been presented for the purpose of illustration to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art. It is not intended that the utility model be limited to the exact embodiment disclosed or as illustrated. As above, many alternatives and variations of the present utility model will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. Thus, while some alternative embodiments have been specifically described, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand or relatively easily develop other embodiments. The present utility model is intended to embrace all alternatives, modifications and variations of the present utility model described herein and other embodiments that fall within the spirit and scope of the utility model described above.

Claims

1. A force transmission mechanism for a pushing system for tunnelling construction of a T-shaped communication channel of a tunnel group, the communication channel being used for communicating at least one main tunnel, characterized in that the force transmission mechanism comprises a reaction frame (11) for providing support for tunnelling equipment in a tunnelling direction and a force transmission pull rod assembly, the force transmission pull rod assembly comprises a plurality of force transmission pull rods (12) arranged along the circumference of the communication channel, each force transmission pull rod (12) connects the reaction frame (11) to a main tunnel segment surrounding the originating end of the communication channel, the supporting force borne by the reaction frame (11) is transmitted to the main tunnel segment, wherein the force transmission pull rods (12) are configured to provide driving force for pushing the tunnelling equipment in a manner of pulling the reaction frame to move.

2. The force transfer mechanism of claim 1, wherein the force transfer lever is configured as a counter-pull oil top pull lever.

3. The force transfer mechanism of claim 1, wherein each force transfer lever has an independent control unit.

4. The force transmission mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of force transmission tie rods (12) are uniformly arranged in a quadrant-symmetrical manner about a central axis of the communication channel.

5. The force transmission mechanism of claim 1, wherein at least four of said plurality of force transmission tie rods (12) are circumferentially spaced about said communication passage.

6. Force transfer mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that at least a part of the force transfer lever (12) is directly connected to the main tunnel segment surrounding the originating end of the communication channel.

7. Force transfer mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the originating end of the communication channel is provided with an originating sleeve (13) connected to the main tunnel segment, at least a part of the force transfer lever (12) being connected to the originating sleeve (13).

8. Force transfer mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that one end of the force transfer lever (12) is pivotably connected to the reaction frame (11) and/or that the other end of the force transfer lever (12) is pivotably connected to the main tunnel segment or to an originating sleeve (13) connected to the main tunnel segment.

9. Force transfer mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that one end of the force transfer lever (12) is detachably connected to the reaction frame (11) and/or that the other end of the force transfer lever (12) is detachably connected to the main tunnel segment or an originating sleeve (13) connected to the main tunnel segment.

10. Force transmission mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the side of the reaction frame (11) facing the communication channel is provided with an angle adjustment unit configured to be able to adjust the angle of the heading direction of the heading device relative to the central axis of the communication channel.

11. The force transfer mechanism of claim 10, wherein the angle adjustment unit comprises a plurality of hydraulic cylinders uniformly disposed in a quadrant-symmetrical fashion about a central axis of the communication channel.

12. The force transmission mechanism according to claim 11, wherein one end of the plurality of hydraulic cylinders is connected to the reaction frame (11), and the other end is connected to an annular abutment member (141), the abutment member (141) being adapted to abut against a segment of the tunnelling device or the communication channel.

13. Force transfer mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the force transfer lever (12) is constructed as a multi-section telescopic structure.

14. A force transmission mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the reaction frame (11) is cooperable with a sliding rail (15) extending along a central axis of the communication channel.