CN204575413U - Drilling fluid dynamic mud cake forming apparatus - Google Patents
Drilling fluid dynamic mud cake forming apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN204575413U CN204575413U CN201520256128.4U CN201520256128U CN204575413U CN 204575413 U CN204575413 U CN 204575413U CN 201520256128 U CN201520256128 U CN 201520256128U CN 204575413 U CN204575413 U CN 204575413U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of drilling fluid dynamic mud cake forming apparatus, relate to drilling fluid dynamic mud cake forming apparatus technical field in petroleum exploration and development drilling engineering.This device comprises support, heating jacket, reactor and drive unit, described heating jacket is liftable to be connected on support, described heating jacket is the tubular structure of upper/lower terminal opening, described reactor is positioned at described heating jacket, the madial wall of reactor is provided with drilling fluid scale mark, the bottom of described reactor is provided with test specimen erector, described test specimen erector is provided with the filtrate outlet be connected with heating jacket lower ending opening, and the top of the reactor relative with described test specimen erector is provided with agitator.Described forming apparatus is accurate and effective, is convenient to effectively instruct bore completion construction.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to drilling fluid dynamic mud cake forming apparatus technical field in petroleum exploration and development drilling engineering, particularly about one at oil/gas down-hole actual temperature and pressure pressure reduction and under returning fast condition, simulation drilling fluid dynamic mud cake forming apparatus.
Background technology
In drilling process, the borehole wall is porous medium, and under stratum and annulus pressure effect, drilling fluid leak-off when flowing through the borehole wall forms fine and close mud cake, mud cake quality quality is significant for safety, high-quality and rapid drilling, simultaneously its cementing also by well-cementing cement after impact and interface.Therefore, when carrying out shop experiment, in order to actual close to drilling well and Well Completion Engineering of Oil Reservoirs, artificial ground forms mud cake and is very important.At present, the apparatus and method that laboratory forms mud cake mainly contain: 1) with API leak-off device, filter medium in this method does not conform to the stratum of actual porous, is that under static state drilling fluid filters medium vertically downward, can not simulate pressure reduction under real well very well.
2) drilling fluid mud cake simulation forming apparatus (CN203672687U), its shortcoming is: can only form static mud cake, can not simulate the impact that in actual well drilled process, drilling fluid flowing and temperature and pressure are formed mud cake.
3) Deng great Wei, the Formation rule [J] of mud cake in well cementation simulated experiment. Drilling and completion fluids, 27 (2010), 61-67; Its shortcoming is: by the stirring of shaft to drilling fluid, can not return the impact that speed formed mud cake by different annular space in quantitative reaction actual well drilled process; Pressure controllable degree low (7MPa), forms the mud cake time long.
Therefore, provide the device of mud cake formation condition under a set of simulation well and experimental technique very necessary.
Utility model content
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is to provide a kind of drilling fluid dynamic mud cake forming apparatus and experimental technique thereof, and described forming apparatus is accurate and effective, is convenient to effectively instruct bore completion construction.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, technical solution adopted in the utility model is: a kind of drilling fluid dynamic mud cake forming apparatus, it is characterized in that: described forming apparatus comprises support, heating jacket, reactor and drive unit, described heating jacket is liftable to be connected on support, described heating jacket is upper, the tubular structure of lower both ends open, the internal diameter of heating jacket upper end open and the external diameter of reactor keep gap to arrange, the internal diameter of heating jacket lower ending opening is less than the external diameter of reactor, described reactor is positioned at described heating jacket, the madial wall of reactor is provided with drilling fluid scale mark, the bottom of described reactor is provided with test specimen erector, described test specimen erector is provided with the filtrate outlet be connected with heating jacket lower ending opening, the top of the reactor relative with described test specimen erector is provided with agitator, described agitator is rotatable under the drive of drive unit.
Further technical scheme is: described reactor comprises kettle, upper kettle cover and lower kettle cover, kettle, connects into reactor by O-ring seal and web member between upper kettle cover and lower kettle cover, and described test specimen erector is arranged on described lower kettle cover.
Further technical scheme is: described forming apparatus also comprises the tensimeter being positioned at reactor top and gas release valve and gas fillup valve that are connected with described reactor.
Further technical scheme is: be provided with temperature sensor in described heating jacket.
Further technical scheme is: described drive unit is that magnetic drives motor, described magnetic drives motor and comprises motor body, internal magnetic ring, spacer sleeve and outer magnetic ring, described internal magnetic ring is connected with agitator by connecting link, described spacer sleeve is arranged at the outside of described internal magnetic ring, described outer magnetic ring is arranged at the outside of described spacer sleeve, and described outer magnetic ring is connected with motor body by rotating shaft.
Further technical scheme is: described drive unit also comprises speed regulator, and described motor body is controlled by described speed regulator.
Further technical scheme is: described agitator is provided with agitator liquid overflow hole.
The beneficial effect adopting technique scheme to produce is: 1, forming apparatus described in the utility model adopts magnetic to drive motor, and be static seal on the whole, pressure controllable degree is large, there is heating jacket, temperature-controllable, has Stirring bucket, can well simulate the erosion effect of downhole fluid to mud cake.2, forming apparatus described in the utility model can be returned speed according to real temperature, pressure reduction and the drilling fluid annular space boring stratum and regulates, can simulated field stratum and drilling condition condition well, and it is good that mud cake forms degree.3, simulated conditions accurately and extensively, and experimental technique is simply effective, and the parameter obtained has good directive function to drilling and well completion construction, and easy to operate, usable range is wide.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the utility model is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the sectional structure schematic diagram of forming apparatus described in the utility model;
Wherein: 1, test specimen erector 2, lower kettle cover 3, test specimen 4, agitator 5, kettle 6, drilling fluid scale mark 7, agitator liquid overflow hole 8, temperature sensor 9, web member 10, tensimeter and gas release valve 11, outer magnetic ring 12, internal magnetic ring 13, rotating shaft 14, spacer sleeve 15, gas inject valve 16, upper kettle cover 17, heating jacket 18, support 19, filtrate outlet.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the utility model embodiment, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the utility model embodiment, obviously, described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present utility model, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the utility model, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, all belong to the scope of the utility model protection.
Set forth a lot of detail in the following description so that fully understand the utility model, but the utility model can also adopt other to be different from alternate manner described here to implement, those skilled in the art can when doing similar popularization without prejudice to when the utility model intension, and therefore the utility model is by the restriction of following public specific embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, the utility model discloses a kind of drilling fluid dynamic mud cake forming apparatus, described forming apparatus comprises support 18, heating jacket 17, reactor and drive unit, and the liftable connection of described heating jacket 17 on mount 18.Described heating jacket 17 is the tubular structure of upper/lower terminal opening, the internal diameter of heating jacket 17 upper end open and the external diameter of reactor keep gap to arrange, the internal diameter of heating jacket lower ending opening is less than the external diameter of reactor, described reactor is positioned at described heating jacket 17, is provided with temperature sensor 8 in described heating jacket 17.Described reactor comprises kettle 5, upper kettle cover 16 and lower kettle cover 2, kettle 5, connects into reactor by O-ring seal and web member 9 between upper kettle cover 16 and lower kettle cover 2.Upper kettle cover 16 is provided with the tensimeter and gas release valve 10 and gas fillup valve 15 that are connected with described reactor.
The madial wall of reactor is provided with drilling fluid scale mark 6, and test specimen erector 1 is arranged on described lower kettle cover 2.Described test specimen erector 1 is provided with the filtrate outlet 19 be connected with heating jacket 17 lower ending opening, the top of the reactor relative with described test specimen erector 1 is provided with agitator 4, described agitator 4 is rotatable under the drive of drive unit, and described agitator 4 is provided with agitator liquid overflow hole 7.
Described drive unit is that magnetic drives motor, described magnetic drives motor and comprises motor body, internal magnetic ring 12, spacer sleeve 14 and outer magnetic ring 11, described internal magnetic ring 12 is connected with agitator 4 by connecting link, described spacer sleeve 14 is arranged at the outside of described internal magnetic ring 12, described outer magnetic ring 11 is arranged at the outside of described spacer sleeve 14, and described outer magnetic ring 11 is connected with motor body by rotating shaft 13.Described drive unit also comprises speed regulator, and described motor body is controlled by described speed regulator.
Test specimen in described forming apparatus communicates with the external world, and by gas boosting, when maintaining drilling well, stratum and annular space form pressure reduction needed for mud cake, simulate bottom temperature, rotarily drive the erosion of drilling fluid to rock core mud cake by rotating cylinder by heating jacket.Regulated the rotating speed of urceolus by speed regulator, during simulation drilling well, different annular space returns the effect of fast drilling fluid to mud cake.
The invention also discloses a kind of experimental technique of drilling fluid dynamic mud cake forming apparatus, described method comprises the steps: 1) according to the geologic condition of on-the-spot institute drilling well, choose the rock core that the physical properties such as lithology, intensity, porosity and permeability are close, or choose the steel column of simulation well cementing casing pipe, and be processed into the test specimen of certain size, 2) heating jacket is heated to experimental temperature (bottom hole circulating temperature), 3) test specimen is positioned in test specimen placing device, seals with solid gum around test specimen, 4) the test specimen placing device being provided with rock core or steel column is assemblied in lower kettle lid, builds lower kettle cover, 5) kettle assembling lower kettle cover is placed in heating jacket, injects drilling fluid to drilling fluid scale mark place, build kettle cover, 6) start magnetic and drive motor to certain rotating speed, be heated to bottom hole circulating temperature, nitrogen injection is to specified pressure (being read by device tensimeter), close nitrogen fillup valve, under simulation bottom hole pressure difference, temperature and drilling fluid flox condition, after making that rock core outer wall formation mud cake or steel column adhere to drilling fluid clay coating, slow releasing pressure, cool to room temperature, stop motor, open and remove kettle cover, inclining and drilling fluid, take out the placing device having test specimen, measure mud cake thickness by measurer for thickness, 7) kettle etc. is cleaned for subsequent use, 8) the test specimen placing device after measurement is assemblied on lower kettle cover, cover lower kettle cover, inject washing fluid to drilling fluid scale mark place, build kettle cover, start magnetic and drive motor to certain rotating speed, be heated to bottom hole circulating temperature, nitrogen injection is to specified pressure (being read by device tensimeter), close nitrogen fillup valve, simulation bottom hole pressure difference, under temperature and drilling fluid flox condition, after making rock core or steel column be washed certain hour, slow releasing pressure to zero, cool to room temperature, stop motor, open and remove kettle cover, incline and washing fluid, taking-up has test specimen placing device, again measure mud cake thickness by measurer for thickness, 9) kettle etc. is cleaned for subsequent use, by comparing the situation of change can rinsing front and back mud cake thickness.
The different drilling fluid of embodiment 1 forms the experiment of mud cake thickness situation
Sandstone formation, bit diameter 215.90mm, drilling rod external diameter 139.7mm, on average the return speed of drilling fluid in annular space is 1.0m/s, and down-hole averaging loop temperature 100 DEG C, when pressure reduction is 6MPa, appraisal drilling liquid A, B, C form mud cake thickness situation.
1) sandstone sample is chosen; 2) heating jacket is heated to experimental temperature; 3) test specimen is positioned in test specimen placing device, seals with solid gum around test specimen; 4) the test specimen placing device being provided with rock core or steel column is assemblied in lower kettle lid, builds lower kettle cover; 5) kettle assembling lower kettle cover is placed in heating jacket, injects drilling fluid A to drilling fluid scale mark place, build kettle cover; 6) start magnetic and drive motor, adjustment motor speed is to 153 revs/min, be heated to bottom hole circulating temperature 100 DEG C, in nitrogen injection to still, pressure and extraneous pressure reduction are 6MPa, close nitrogen fillup valve, under simulation bottom hole pressure difference, temperature and drilling fluid flox condition, after making that rock core outer wall formation mud cake or steel column adhere to drilling fluid clay coating, slow releasing pressure, cool to room temperature, stop motor, open and remove kettle cover, inclining and drilling fluid, taking out the placing device having test specimen, measure mud cake thickness 0.28mm by measurer for thickness, kettle etc. is cleaned for subsequent use; 7) repeat the above-mentioned first step to the 6th step, thickness 0.33mm, 0.46mm that drilling fluid B, C form mud cake can be obtained respectively.
The different drilling fluid annular space of embodiment 2 returns speed and forms the experiment of mud cake thickness situation
Carbonate formation, bit diameter 215.90mm, drilling rod external diameter 139.7mm, drilling fluid in annular space on average return speed be 0.5,1.0,2.0,3.0m/s, down-hole averaging loop temperature 100 DEG C, when pressure reduction is 6MPa, appraisal drilling liquid A forms mud cake thickness situation.
1) sandstone sample is chosen; 2) heating jacket is heated to experimental temperature; 3) test specimen is positioned in test specimen placing device, seals with solid gum around test specimen; 4) the test specimen placing device being provided with rock core or steel column is assemblied in lower kettle lid, builds lower kettle cover; 5) kettle assembling lower kettle cover is placed in heating jacket, injects drilling fluid A to drilling fluid scale mark place, build kettle cover; 6) start magnetic and drive motor, adjustment motor speed is to 77 revs/min, be heated to bottom hole circulating temperature 100 DEG C, in nitrogen injection to still, pressure and extraneous pressure reduction are 6MPa, close nitrogen fillup valve, under simulation bottom hole pressure difference, temperature and drilling fluid flox condition, after making that rock core outer wall formation mud cake or steel column adhere to drilling fluid clay coating, slow releasing pressure, cool to room temperature, stop motor, open and remove kettle cover, inclining and drilling fluid, taking out the placing device having test specimen, measure mud cake thickness 0.35mm by measurer for thickness, kettle etc. is cleaned for subsequent use; 7) repeat the above-mentioned first step to the 6th step, can obtain respectively annular space on average return speed be 1.0,2.0,3.0m/s time form thickness 0.28mm, 0.22mm, 0.19mm of mud cake.
Embodiment 3 different down-holes circulating temperature forms the experiment of mud cake thickness situation
Sandstone formation, bit diameter 215.90mm, drilling rod external diameter 139.7mm, on average the return speed of drilling fluid in annular space is 1.0m/s, and down-hole averaging loop temperature 50,100,170,250 DEG C, when pressure reduction is 6MPa, appraisal drilling liquid A forms mud cake thickness situation.
1) sandstone sample is chosen; 2) heating jacket is heated to experimental temperature; 3) test specimen is positioned in test specimen placing device, seals with solid gum around test specimen; 4) the test specimen placing device being provided with rock core or steel column is assemblied in lower kettle lid, builds lower kettle cover; 5) kettle assembling lower kettle cover is placed in heating jacket, injects drilling fluid A to drilling fluid scale mark place, build kettle cover; 6) start magnetic and drive motor, adjustment motor speed is to 153 revs/min, be heated to bottom hole circulating temperature 50 DEG C, in nitrogen injection to still, pressure and extraneous pressure reduction are 6MPa, close nitrogen fillup valve, under simulation bottom hole pressure difference, temperature and drilling fluid flox condition, after making that rock core outer wall formation mud cake or steel column adhere to drilling fluid clay coating, slow releasing pressure, cool to room temperature, stop motor, open and remove kettle cover, inclining and drilling fluid, taking out the placing device having test specimen, measure mud cake thickness 0.24mm by measurer for thickness, kettle etc. is cleaned for subsequent use; 7) repeat the above-mentioned first step to the 6th step, adjustment circulating temperature, to 100,170,250 DEG C, forms thickness 0.28mm, 0.30mm, 0.32mm of mud cake under can obtaining different temperatures respectively.
Embodiment 4 different down-holes pressure reduction formed the experiment of mud cake thickness situation (0.5,3,6,9MPa)
Shale formation, bit diameter 215.90mm, drilling rod external diameter 139.7mm, drilling fluid on average returns speed for 1.0m/s, down-hole averaging loop temperature 100 DEG C in annular space, pressure reduction is 0.5,5,9,13MPa time, appraisal drilling liquid A forms mud cake thickness situation.
1) sandstone sample is chosen; 2) heating jacket is heated to experimental temperature; 3) test specimen is positioned in test specimen placing device, seals with solid gum around test specimen; 4) the test specimen placing device being provided with rock core or steel column is assemblied in lower kettle lid, builds lower kettle cover; 5) kettle assembling lower kettle cover is placed in heating jacket, injects drilling fluid A to drilling fluid scale mark place, build kettle cover; 6) start magnetic and drive motor, adjustment motor speed is to 153 revs/min, be heated to bottom hole circulating temperature 100 DEG C, in nitrogen injection to still, pressure and extraneous pressure reduction are 0.5MPa, close nitrogen fillup valve, under simulation bottom hole pressure difference, temperature and drilling fluid flox condition, after making that rock core outer wall formation mud cake or steel column adhere to drilling fluid clay coating, slow releasing pressure, cool to room temperature, stop motor, open and remove kettle cover, inclining and drilling fluid, taking out the placing device having test specimen, measure mud cake thickness 0.26mm by measurer for thickness, kettle etc. is cleaned for subsequent use; 7) repeat the above-mentioned first step to the 6th step, adjustment pressure reduction to 3,6,9MPa, form thickness 0.28mm, 0.31mm, 0.34mm of mud cake under obtaining different pressure reduction respectively.
The different washing fluid system of embodiment 5 is on mud cake thickness impact experiment
Sandstone formation, bit diameter 215.90mm, drilling rod external diameter 139.70mm, under enter the sleeve pipe of external diameter 177.8, drilling fluid or the washing fluid speed of on average returning in annular space is 1.0m/s, down-hole averaging loop temperature 100 DEG C, when pressure reduction is 6MPa, the flushing investigating washing fluid F1, F2 and F3 affects mud cake thickness.
1) sandstone sample is chosen; 2) heating jacket is heated to experimental temperature; 3) test specimen is positioned in test specimen placing device, seals with solid gum around test specimen; 3) the test specimen placing device being provided with rock core or steel column is assemblied in lower kettle lid, builds lower kettle cover; 5) kettle assembling lower kettle cover is placed in heating jacket, injects drilling fluid A to drilling fluid scale mark place, build kettle cover; 6) start magnetic and drive motor, adjustment motor speed is to 153 revs/min, be heated to bottom hole circulating temperature 100 DEG C, in nitrogen injection to still, pressure and extraneous pressure reduction are 6MPa, close nitrogen fillup valve, under simulation bottom hole pressure difference, temperature and drilling fluid flox condition, after making that rock core outer wall formation mud cake or steel column adhere to drilling fluid clay coating, slow releasing pressure, cool to room temperature, stop motor, open and remove kettle cover, inclining and drilling fluid, taking out the placing device having test specimen, measure mud cake thickness 0.28mm by measurer for thickness, kettle etc. is cleaned for subsequent use; 7) test specimen is positioned in test specimen placing device; 8) heating jacket is heated to experimental temperature; 9) the test specimen placing device being provided with rock core or steel column is assemblied in lower kettle lid, builds lower kettle cover; 10) kettle assembling lower kettle cover is placed in heating jacket, injects washing fluid F1 to drilling fluid scale mark place, build kettle cover; 11) start magnetic and drive motor, adjustment motor speed is to 306 revs/min, be heated to bottom hole circulating temperature 100 DEG C, in nitrogen injection to still, pressure and extraneous pressure reduction are 6MPa, close nitrogen fillup valve, under simulation bottom hole pressure difference, temperature and drilling fluid flox condition, after making that rock core outer wall formation mud cake or steel column adhere to drilling fluid clay coating, slow releasing pressure, cool to room temperature, stop motor, open and remove kettle cover, inclining and drilling fluid, taking out the placing device having test specimen, measure mud cake thickness 0.26mm by measurer for thickness, kettle etc. is cleaned for subsequent use; 12) repeat the above-mentioned first step to the 9th step, the thickness of the rear mud cake of washing fluid F2, F3 effect that can obtain respectively is 0.23mm, 0.05mm.
1, forming apparatus described in the utility model adopts magnetic to drive motor, is static seal on the whole, and pressure controllable degree is large, has heating jacket, temperature-controllable, has Stirring bucket, can well simulate the erosion effect of downhole fluid to mud cake.2, forming apparatus described in the utility model can be returned speed according to real temperature, pressure reduction and the drilling fluid annular space boring stratum and regulates, can simulated field stratum and drilling condition condition well, and it is good that mud cake forms degree.3, simulated conditions accurately and extensively, and experimental technique is simply effective, and the parameter obtained has good directive function to drilling and well completion construction, and easy to operate, usable range is wide.
Claims (7)
1. a drilling fluid dynamic mud cake forming apparatus, it is characterized in that: described forming apparatus comprises support (18), heating jacket (17), reactor and drive unit, described heating jacket (17) is liftable to be connected on support (18), described heating jacket (17) is for upper, the tubular structure of lower both ends open, the internal diameter of heating jacket (17) upper end open and the external diameter of reactor keep gap to arrange, the internal diameter of heating jacket lower ending opening is less than the external diameter of reactor, described reactor is positioned at described heating jacket (17), the madial wall of reactor is provided with drilling fluid scale mark (6), the bottom of described reactor is provided with test specimen erector (1), described test specimen erector (1) is provided with the filtrate outlet (19) be connected with heating jacket (17) lower ending opening, the top of the reactor relative with described test specimen erector (1) is provided with agitator (4), described agitator (4) is rotatable under the drive of drive unit.
2. drilling fluid dynamic mud cake forming apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described reactor comprises kettle (5), upper kettle cover (16) and lower kettle cover (2), kettle (5), connect into reactor by O-ring seal and web member (9) between upper kettle cover (16) and lower kettle cover (2), described test specimen erector (1) is arranged on described lower kettle cover (2).
3. drilling fluid dynamic mud cake forming apparatus according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described forming apparatus also comprises the tensimeter being positioned at reactor top and gas release valve (10) and gas fillup valve (15) that are connected with described reactor.
4. drilling fluid dynamic mud cake forming apparatus according to claim 1, is characterized in that: be provided with temperature sensor (8) in described heating jacket (17).
5. drilling fluid dynamic mud cake forming apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described drive unit is that magnetic drives motor, described magnetic drives motor and comprises motor body, internal magnetic ring (12), spacer sleeve (14) and outer magnetic ring (11), described internal magnetic ring (12) is connected with agitator (4) by connecting link, described spacer sleeve (14) is arranged at the outside of described internal magnetic ring (12), described outer magnetic ring (11) is arranged at the outside of described spacer sleeve (14), described outer magnetic ring (11) is connected with motor body by rotating shaft (13).
6. drilling fluid dynamic mud cake forming apparatus according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described drive unit also comprises speed regulator, described motor body is controlled by described speed regulator.
7. drilling fluid dynamic mud cake forming apparatus according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described agitator (4) is provided with agitator liquid overflow hole (7).
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| CN201520256128.4U CN204575413U (en) | 2015-04-24 | 2015-04-24 | Drilling fluid dynamic mud cake forming apparatus |
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| CN201520256128.4U CN204575413U (en) | 2015-04-24 | 2015-04-24 | Drilling fluid dynamic mud cake forming apparatus |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104792596A (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2015-07-22 | 西南石油大学 | Dynamic mud cake forming device of drilling fluid and experimental method of dynamic mud cake forming device |
| CN104849404A (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2015-08-19 | 西南石油大学 | Well cementation flushing fluid evaluation device and experiment method thereof based on dynamic mud cake forming |
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2015
- 2015-04-24 CN CN201520256128.4U patent/CN204575413U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104792596A (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2015-07-22 | 西南石油大学 | Dynamic mud cake forming device of drilling fluid and experimental method of dynamic mud cake forming device |
| CN104849404A (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2015-08-19 | 西南石油大学 | Well cementation flushing fluid evaluation device and experiment method thereof based on dynamic mud cake forming |
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