CN116522697A - Method for calculating mold deformation - Google Patents
Method for calculating mold deformation Download PDFInfo
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- CN116522697A CN116522697A CN202210073464.XA CN202210073464A CN116522697A CN 116522697 A CN116522697 A CN 116522697A CN 202210073464 A CN202210073464 A CN 202210073464A CN 116522697 A CN116522697 A CN 116522697A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
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- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
- G06F30/23—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using finite element methods [FEM] or finite difference methods [FDM]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
- G06F30/15—Vehicle, aircraft or watercraft design
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T17/00—Three dimensional [3D] modelling, e.g. data description of 3D objects
- G06T17/20—Finite element generation, e.g. wire-frame surface description, tesselation
- G06T17/205—Re-meshing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for calculating mold deformation, which comprises the following steps: step one, extracting a die surface of a stamping die, dividing grids, and establishing a grid unit model; step two, simulating stamping, outputting contact pressure and converting the contact pressure into node force step three, and reasonably simplifying a three-dimensional die structure for the stamping die; step four, carrying out grid division on the three-dimensional mould structure; step five, mapping the converted node force to the three-dimensional mould structure for analysis and calculation; and step six, analyzing the post-processing result to guide the on-site debugging of the stamping die. In summary, the invention calculates that the upper die, the lower die and the press are likely to deform in a simulation calculation mode, and superimposes the deformation on the upper die, and the upper die is compensated for reverse deformation in advance, so that the problems of service life reduction, plate quality reduction and the like caused by die deformation due to stamping are avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobile panel forming, in particular to the technical field of a method for calculating mold deformation.
Background
In recent years, the competition of the automobile industry at home and abroad is more and more strong, and particularly in the aspect of the design and the manufacture of new automobile types, the automobiles meeting the requirements of customers are required to be developed and mass-produced in a shorter time. To a large extent, the updating of the car depends on the updating of the cover. Compared with common parts, the automobile body panel has complex shape, high requirements on dimensional accuracy and surface quality, complex deformation of plates, dies and presses during forming and uneven stress at each place, thus having higher requirements on the design and manufacture of the dies of the panel.
The grinding rate of parts is one of the main standards of mold acceptance, and a host factory usually requires the grinding rate to be more than 90% and the parts to be uniformly colored during mold acceptance. In theory, the accuracy of machining should ensure the consistency of the upper and lower dies, but in practice, the deformation of the dies, presses, etc. causes the gap between the upper and lower dies to be inconsistent. Generally, the smaller the circumferential gap when the mold is closed to the bottom, the larger the gap is closer to the center of the mold. The deformation amount of the die, press, etc. (generally about 0.5 mm) is very small with respect to the deformation amount of the sheet material, and is generally negligible in the press numerical analysis (formability, etc.) (the die is set as a rigid body in the Autoform software), but the deformation amount is not negligible with respect to the thickness of the sheet material (generally about 1.0 mm).
In traditional die face design, mainly carry out the clearance compensation that becomes according to experience, the scientificalness is relatively poor, need spend a large amount of manpowers, equipment and time to carry out the mould and grind in the debugging process to ensure that the upper and lower mould compound die of mould is good, thereby lead to the problem that the mould development cycle is long, stamping quality is unstable, the mould is fragile etc. not only increased the cost, also reduced enterprise competitiveness.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above drawbacks of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for calculating mold deformation, which is used for solving the problems of long mold development period, unstable stamping quality, easy mold damage and the like in the prior art.
To achieve the above and other related objects, the present invention provides a method for calculating deformation of a die, the die including an upper table, an upper die, a lower table and a lower die, the upper die being mounted under the upper table, the lower die being mounted on the lower table, a sheet being disposed between the upper and lower dies, the upper table driving the upper and lower dies to press the sheet, the method comprising:
step one, extracting a die surface of a stamping die, dividing grids, and establishing a grid unit model;
step two, obtaining a contact surface model of the plate according to the simulation stamping, obtaining the contact pressure intensity of each grid unit, and converting the contact pressure intensity into node force again;
step three, reasonably simplifying a three-dimensional die structure of the stamping die;
step four, carrying out grid division on the three-dimensional mould structure;
step five, mapping the converted node force to the three-dimensional mould structure for analysis and calculation;
and step six, analyzing the post-processing result to guide the on-site debugging of the stamping die.
Preferably: in the first step, the data of the die surface is extracted and is imported into an automatic form of stamping software to generate; and selecting proper grid size parameters to divide grids, and establishing a grid cell model.
Preferably: in the second step, the grid unit model simulates a stamping process to obtain a contact surface model and stamping data of a plate material in contact with the upper die and the lower die; calculating the contact surface model according to the punching data to obtain the contact pressure of each grid unit; and calculating the node force of each grid cell according to the area and the normal direction of each grid cell of the contact surface model and the contact pressure of each grid cell.
Preferably: the node forces include an upper node force between the slab and the upper mold and a lower node force between the slab and the lower mold.
Preferably: in the third step, data of the stamping die are imported into software ABAQUS to generate a model; establishing an upper die model of the upper table surface of the press and an upper die model of the upper die, and establishing a lower die model of the lower die and a lower die model of the lower table surface of the press, so as to obtain working profile models of the upper die model and the lower die model; and then, simplifying the stamping die under the condition of ensuring that the upper table surface of the press, the upper die, the lower die and the lower table surface of the press are unchanged, and cleaning detailed features with small influence on the strength of the model to generate the three-dimensional die structure.
Preferably: and in the fourth step, the three-dimensional mould structure imported into the finite element software ABAQUS is subjected to grid division, and a free grid division technology with strong adaptability is used for dividing the entity grid.
Preferably: in the fifth step, the grid cells of the contact surface model are converted to the grid cells of the working molded surface in a coordinate conversion mode; determining the grid cell of the contact surface model closest to each grid cell of the working profile; and mapping the node force of the grid cell of the contact surface model closest to the node force to the grid cell of the working profile, and outputting the deformation cloud image of the upper die model and the deformation cloud image of the lower die model.
Preferably: and step six, performing post-treatment, namely performing deformation compensation on the upper die and the lower die according to the deformation cloud image of the upper die model and the deformation cloud image of the lower die model.
As described above, the method for calculating the deformation of the mold of the present invention has the following advantageous effects:
in summary, the invention calculates that the upper die, the lower die and the press may deform in a simulation calculation manner, and superimposes the deformation on the upper die, and compensates the reverse deformation of the upper die in advance, thereby avoiding the problems of life reduction, part quality reduction and the like caused by the deformation of the die due to stamping.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of calculating mold deformation according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a stamping die showing a method of calculating die deformation according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a deformed cloud of the table-top on the press, obtained in step five of a method for calculating the deformation of the mold according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a deformed cloud of the lower table of the press, which is obtained in the step five of the method for calculating the deformation of the mold according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a deformed cloud of the upper mold obtained in the fifth step of the method for calculating mold deformation according to the present invention;
fig. 6 shows a deformation cloud image of the lower mold obtained in step five of a method for calculating mold deformation according to the present invention.
Description of element reference numerals
01. Upper table top of press
02. Upper die
03. Lower table top of press
04. Lower die
Detailed Description
Further advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present invention, which is described by the following specific examples.
Please refer to fig. 1 to 6. It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings are for the purpose of understanding and reading the disclosure, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims, but rather by the claims, unless otherwise indicated, and unless otherwise indicated, all changes in structure, proportions, or otherwise, used by those skilled in the art, are included in the spirit and scope of the invention. Also, the terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "a" and the like recited in the present specification are merely for descriptive purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but are intended to provide relative positional changes or modifications without materially altering the technical context in which the invention may be practiced.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a method for calculating a die deformation, the stamping die includes a press upper table 01, an upper die 02, a press lower table 03 and a lower die 04, the upper die 02 is mounted under the press upper table 01, the lower die 04 is mounted on the press lower table 03, a plate 05 is disposed between the upper and lower dies (02 and 04), the press upper table 01 drives the upper and lower dies (02 and 04) to press the plate 05, the calculating die deformation includes:
step one, extracting a die surface of a stamping die, dividing grids, and establishing a grid unit model;
step two, simulating stamping, outputting contact pressure and converting the contact pressure into node force;
step three, reasonably simplifying the three-dimensional die structure of the stamping die;
step four, grid division is carried out on the three-dimensional mould structure;
step five, mapping the converted node force to a three-dimensional mould structure for analysis and calculation;
and step six, analyzing the post-processing result to guide the on-site debugging of the stamping die.
According to the invention, the node force of the contact surface model (namely the upper part and the lower part of the plate 05) can be obtained by establishing the grid unit model for the stamping die, the three-dimensional die structure of the whole stamping die is established, the node force of the contact surface model is applied to the working surface model of the three-dimensional die structure, so that a deformation cloud picture is obtained, and the corresponding deformation compensation is carried out on the actual stamping die on the basis of the deformation cloud picture, so that the quality damage caused by the actual deformation die is avoided.
In addition, CAD modeling is needed to be carried out in advance according to an actual stamping die before the invention is executed, so that the subsequent model is conveniently imported into different software. In addition, the press comprises an upper press table 01 and a lower press table 03.
In order to obtain the contact surface model, in the first step, die surface extraction is performed on the stamping die, the extracted die surface data is imported into stamping software AutoForms, and grid division is performed so as to generate a grid cell model for the upper table 01, the upper die 02, the lower table 03 and the lower die 04 of the press.
Specifically, in one embodiment, the grid cell models of the upper mold 02 and the lower mold 04 of the sheet material are three-dimensional shell cells, wherein the sheet material is a plastic body of the three-dimensional shell cells, and the upper mold (02) and the lower mold (04) are rigid bodies of the two-dimensional shell cells.
Then, in the second step, in order to simulate stamping, the contact pressure of the corresponding contact surface model is obtained; the method comprises the following steps: the grid cell model simulates a stamping process to obtain a contact surface model and stamping data of the contact of the plate 05 and the upper and lower dies (02 and 04); dividing the contact surface model into grid cells, and calculating the contact pressure intensity of each grid cell of the contact surface model according to the punching data; and calculating the node force of each grid cell according to the area and the normal direction of each grid cell of the contact surface model and the contact pressure of each grid cell.
Specifically, the AutoForms can process the grid cells and the corresponding node information, and correspondingly derive the contact pressure of the corresponding cells for the imported points. In general, the number of grid cells is far greater than the number of nodes, and one node is often connected with a plurality of cells, so that the contact pressure of all the cells cannot be correspondingly exported directly through the import node.
According to the method, the centroid of the grid unit is calculated through the nodes, the contact pressure of all units is correspondingly derived through the imported centroid, and data are guaranteed to be free from omission and repetition.
For any unit, three nodes are respectively set as
node1＝(x 1 ,y 1 ,z 1 )
node2＝(x 2 ,y 2 ,z 2 )
node3＝(x 3 ,y 3 ,z 3 )
Its centroid coordinates are
Calculation of node force:
by searching all units where the node is located: and searching three node coordinates of the unit, calculating the unit area S through the three node coordinates, calculating the unit normal direction n through the three node coordinates, and finally calculating the node force F through the pressure intensity and the area of all the units where the node is positioned.
Specifically, the node forces include an upper node force between the slab and the upper mold and a lower node force between the slab and the lower mold.
To reduce unnecessary calculation amount, both the upper table 01 and the upper and lower dies (02 and 04) of the press are simplified; in the third step, key parameters and key structures of the upper table 01 model and the upper and lower die (02 and 04) models of the press are ensured not to be affected in the simplified process. Specifically, for the press model, the key parameter is deflection deformation, and under the condition that the deflection deformation of the upper module 02 of the upper table 01 of the press and the lower table 03 of the press is ensured to meet deflection parameters of factory test, the upper table 01 of the press and the lower table 03 of the press are simplified. The model of the upper and lower molds (02 and 04) is simplified.
Specifically, during operation, the upper die 02 is mounted on the upper table 01 of the press; the lower die 04 is mounted in the press lower table 03. The physical characteristics of the drawing die are complex, and each part of the die comprises the characteristics of screw holes, exhaust holes, guide plate mounting surfaces and the like. The existence of a large number of step surfaces and sharp points on the features easily causes grid distortion and even failure in grid division. This requires cleaning of features (e.g., screw holes, spring holes) that have little impact on the mold strength, optimizing the curved surfaces that create distortion in the mold cavity and on portions of the structural surfaces, and cleaning the outside invisible enclosure in the mold parts. The simplified model is imported into finite element software ABAQUS for assembly, the assembly model being as shown in fig. 2.
In the fourth step, the die structure related by the invention is subjected to grid division: as shown in fig. 3, the three-dimensional CAD model of the mold introduced into the finite element software ABAQUS is gridded, the solid grids are partitioned by using a free gridding partition technology with strong adaptability, and the solid three-dimensional model is partitioned by using the C3D4 unit type.
In order to obtain the deformation structure of the upper die model and the lower die model under the simulated stamping; in a fifth step, the grid cells of the contact surface model are transformed onto the grid cells of the working profile in a coordinate transformation manner; determining the grid cell of the contact surface model closest to the grid cell of each working profile; mapping node forces of the grid cells of the contact surface model closest thereto onto the grid cells of the working profile;
specifically, each grid unit and corresponding fulcrum force of the working profile models of the upper die and the lower die are led into ABAQUS, and the deformation cloud patterns of the upper die model and the deformation cloud patterns of the lower die model are output after calculation.
And step six, performing post-treatment, namely performing reverse deformation compensation on the upper die and the lower die according to the deformation cloud picture of the upper die model and the deformation cloud picture of the lower die model.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the deflection change of the table 01 on the press is shown; as shown in fig. 4, the deflection change of the lower table 03 of the press is shown, which shows that the degree of deflection gradually decreases from the center to the periphery, and the deflection is smallest at the corner guide position farthest from the center.
In addition, as shown in fig. 5, a deformed cloud image of the upper mold is shown; as shown in fig. 6, a deformed cloud of the lower mold is shown; the darker the color, the larger the deformation, and provides a reference for the compensation of the mold structure. In actual production, the upper die is ground with the lower die as a reference, and therefore, the deformation amounts calculated by the upper die model and the lower die model are accumulated and mapped to the upper die, and the upper die is reversely compensated to replace the compensation of the deformation of the upper die and the lower die.
In summary, the invention calculates that the upper die, the lower die and the press are likely to deform in a simulation calculation mode, and superimposes the deformation on the upper die, and the upper die is compensated for reverse deformation in advance, so that the problems of service life reduction, plate quality reduction and the like caused by die deformation due to stamping are avoided.
Therefore, the invention effectively overcomes various defects in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention and its effectiveness, and are not intended to limit the invention. Modifications and variations may be made to the above-described embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications and variations of the invention be covered by the claims, which are within the ordinary skill of the art, be within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a method of calculating mould deformation, stamping die includes the upper table surface of press, goes up mould, the lower mesa of press and bed die, go up the mould and install the upper table surface of press, the bed die is installed on the lower mesa of press, the sheet material sets up between upper and lower mould, the upper table surface of press drives upper and lower mould pair sheet material stamping forming, its characterized in that includes:
step one, extracting a die surface of a stamping die, dividing grids, and establishing a grid unit model;
step two, obtaining a contact surface model of the plate according to the simulation stamping, obtaining the contact pressure intensity of each grid unit, and converting the contact pressure intensity into node force again;
step three, reasonably simplifying a three-dimensional die structure of the stamping die;
step four, carrying out grid division on the three-dimensional mould structure;
step five, mapping the converted node force to the three-dimensional mould structure for analysis and calculation;
and step six, analyzing the post-processing result to guide the on-site debugging of the stamping die.
2. A method of calculating mold deformation according to claim 1, wherein: in the first step, the data of the die surface is extracted and is imported into an automatic form of stamping software to generate; and selecting proper grid size parameters to divide grids, and establishing a grid cell model.
3. A method of calculating mold deformation according to claim 1, wherein: in the second step, the grid unit model simulates a stamping process to obtain a contact surface model and stamping data of a plate material in contact with the upper die and the lower die; calculating the contact surface model according to the punching data to obtain the contact pressure of each grid unit; and calculating the node force of each grid cell according to the area and the normal direction of each grid cell of the contact surface model and the contact pressure of each grid cell.
4. A method of calculating mold deformation according to claim 3, wherein: the node forces include an upper node force between the slab and the upper mold and a lower node force between the slab and the lower mold.
5. A method of calculating mold deformation according to claim 1, wherein: in the third step, data of the stamping die are imported into software ABAQUS to generate a model; establishing an upper die model of the upper table surface of the press and an upper die model of the upper die, and establishing a lower die model of the lower die and a lower die model of the lower table surface of the press, so as to obtain working profile models of the upper die model and the lower die model; and then, simplifying the stamping die under the condition of ensuring that the upper table surface of the press, the upper die, the lower die and the lower table surface of the press are unchanged, and cleaning detailed features with small influence on the strength of the model to generate the three-dimensional die structure.
6. A method of calculating mold deformation according to claim 1, wherein: and in the fourth step, the three-dimensional mould structure imported into the finite element software ABAQUS is subjected to grid division, and a free grid division technology with strong adaptability is used for dividing the entity grid.
7. A method of calculating mold deformation according to claim 3, wherein: in the fifth step, the grid cells of the contact surface model are converted to the grid cells of the working molded surface in a coordinate conversion mode; determining the grid cell of the contact surface model closest to each grid cell of the working profile; and mapping the node force of the grid cell of the contact surface model closest to the node force to the grid cell of the working profile, and outputting the deformation cloud image of the upper die model and the deformation cloud image of the lower die model.
8. A method of calculating mold deformation according to claim 7, wherein: and step six, performing post-treatment, namely performing deformation compensation on the upper die and the lower die according to the deformation cloud image of the upper die model and the deformation cloud image of the lower die model.
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| CN202210073464.XA CN116522697A (en) | 2022-01-21 | 2022-01-21 | Method for calculating mold deformation |
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| CN202210073464.XA CN116522697A (en) | 2022-01-21 | 2022-01-21 | Method for calculating mold deformation |
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