CN114548169B - Arbitrary waveform generator output amplitude-frequency response correction method - Google Patents

Arbitrary waveform generator output amplitude-frequency response correction method Download PDF

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CN114548169B
CN114548169B CN202210156761.0A CN202210156761A CN114548169B CN 114548169 B CN114548169 B CN 114548169B CN 202210156761 A CN202210156761 A CN 202210156761A CN 114548169 B CN114548169 B CN 114548169B
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赵文浩
刘科
刘航麟
郭广坤
付在明
肖寅东
张朋
侯东
田书林
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University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
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Abstract

The invention discloses a correction method for amplitude-frequency response output by an arbitrary waveform generator, which comprises the steps of firstly obtaining amplitude values of N equally-spaced frequency points in a bandwidth by a sweep frequency method, and ensuring that the frequency point with the lowest amplitude value still can meet the maximum value of the output amplitude of a synthesis system by adjusting DAC reference current/voltage so as to carry out amplitude correction by a filter; after adjustment, measuring amplitude values output by the N frequency points again, calculating amplitude-frequency response of the synthesis system according to the measured values, and calculating amplitude-frequency response of the correction filter; and finally, obtaining correction filter coefficients by using a maximum and minimum design method, realizing full-band amplitude-frequency correction, and reducing amplitude distortion of the output broadband signal.

Description

Arbitrary waveform generator output amplitude-frequency response correction method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of waveform generators, and particularly relates to an output amplitude-frequency response correction method of an arbitrary waveform generator.
Background
The arbitrary waveform generator is a signal source widely applied to electronic equipment, equipment development, production and maintenance guarantee, and can solve the problems that a real signal scene is difficult to reproduce or the risk cost is extremely high. For example, the whole machine debugging and performance identification of the radar are realized, real targets (such as an airplane) are adopted to provide test signals for the radar, so that a great deal of manpower and material resources are spent, development progress is influenced, even the radar cannot be realized under certain conditions (such as severe weather), and the broadband arbitrary waveform generator is an ideal tool for solving the problem. With the high-speed development of the fields of modern communication, aerospace detection, artificial intelligence, radar detection and other electronic information, electronic systems become more and more huge, the complexity of electronic signals is also higher and higher, and in particular, the frequency range of the signals is widened continuously. However, it is difficult for an analog device to ensure flatness of the amplitude-frequency response of a broadband signal, resulting in amplitude distortion of the output broadband signal, and thus it is particularly important for an arbitrary waveform generator as a key test device to achieve amplitude-frequency correction of the broadband signal.
In the prior calibration method, the amplitude value of a single-tone signal in a frequency band is generally obtained through a frequency sweep method, then the actual output amplitude value is close to an ideal value through adjusting the output amplitude setting value, the amplitude adjusting coefficient of the frequency point is recorded, finally all the adjusting coefficients are stored in a waveform synthesis system, and the calibration of an arbitrary waveform generator is realized by a method of calling the corresponding adjusting coefficient when different frequency values are output. However, when a broadband signal is output, the adjustment coefficients of different frequency points are inconsistent, so that the amplitude calibration cannot be realized by the method. Therefore, the invention provides a method for correcting the amplitude frequency of a broadband arbitrary waveform synthesis system based on a digital filter, aiming at the problem that the traditional arbitrary waveform generator can not realize the amplitude calibration of broadband signals.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides an arbitrary waveform generator output amplitude-frequency response correction method, which adopts a digital filter to adjust the amplitude-frequency response of each frequency point, thus being beneficial to correcting a plurality of frequency points simultaneously to realize the amplitude-frequency correction of broadband signals.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a correction method for output amplitude-frequency response of an arbitrary waveform generator, comprising the steps of:
(1) Record arbitrary waveMaximum set value Amp of output amplitude of shape generator max The output effective bandwidth is f band The reference voltage regulation range of the internal DAC is V min ～V max The reference voltage initial default value of the internal DAC is:
Figure BDA0003512519790000021
(2) Acquiring the amplitude-frequency characteristic output by the random waveform generator by adopting a sweep frequency method;
(2.1) setting the effective output bandwidth of the arbitrary waveform generator to f band Equally spaced N frequency values, noted:
Figure BDA0003512519790000022
(2.2) setting the output amplitude value of the arbitrary waveform generator to Amp max Offset of 0 and output frequency of f in turn 0 ,f 1 ,…,f N-1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The amplitude values of N sine signals output by the arbitrary waveform generator are respectively measured by a measuring instrument and recorded as follows: amp (Amp) 0 ,Amp 1 ,…,Amp N-1 ；
(2.3) finding the frequency point with the minimum amplitude value among the amplitude values of the N sine signals, and marking the frequency point as f i The amplitude value is recorded as Amp i ；
(2.4) setting the output amplitude value of the arbitrary waveform generator to Amp max Offset of 0 and output frequency f i The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Measuring amplitude value Amp of sine signal output by arbitrary waveform generator by measuring instrument i If the output amplitude value Amp i Equal to the maximum amplitude value Amp max The current state of the arbitrary waveform generator is kept unchanged; otherwise, adjusting the DAC reference current or reference voltage to change the amplitude of the output by Amp adjust So that Amp max ＝Amp i ±Amp adjust ；
(2.5) keeping the current state of the arbitrary waveform generator unchanged, and respectively adjusting the output frequencies to be f in sequence 0 ,f 1 ,…,f N-1 And (2) testing each frequency point according to the step (2.2)Is noted as:
Amp 0 ′,Amp 1 ′,…,Amp i ′…,Amp N-1 ′；
(3) A digital filter designed for amplitude-frequency correction;
(3.1) calculating the passband frequency response of the arbitrary waveform generator according to the output amplitude value adjusted in the step (2.5) as follows:
Figure BDA0003512519790000031
(3.2) the amplitude-frequency response of the correction filter should be complementary to the amplitude-frequency response of the system in the passband, i.e
Figure BDA0003512519790000032
In the stop band, the amplitude-frequency response is 0, and meanwhile, in order to prevent the amplitude-frequency response ripple wave in the pass band from being larger due to the fact that the transition band drops too fast, the amplitude-frequency response of the transition band should drop smoothly, and then the amplitude-frequency response of the correction filter meets the following conditions:
Figure BDA0003512519790000033
wherein w is stop For the filter cut-off band, N trans-zone Counting the number of transition band frequencies;
(3.3) calculating m-order finite impulse response filter coefficients with amplitude-frequency characteristics satisfying the step (3.2) by using a maximum-minimum design method, and marking as: h (0), h (1), …, h (m-1);
(4) Adding the amplitude-frequency correction filter obtained in the step (3) into any waveform generator;
adding an amplitude-frequency correction filter between the FPGA and the DAC of the arbitrary waveform generator, and correcting the amplitude-frequency response output by the arbitrary waveform generator by using the amplitude-frequency correction filter;
Figure BDA0003512519790000034
where x (n) is data before correction, and x' (n) is data after correction.
The invention aims at realizing the following steps:
according to the correction method for the output amplitude-frequency response of the arbitrary waveform generator, firstly, the amplitude values of N equally-spaced frequency points in a bandwidth are obtained through a sweep frequency method, and the frequency point with the lowest amplitude value can still meet the maximum value of the output amplitude of a synthesis system through adjusting DAC reference current/voltage, so that the amplitude correction can be carried out through a filter in the follow-up process; after adjustment, measuring amplitude values output by the N frequency points again, calculating amplitude-frequency response of the synthesis system according to the measured values, and calculating amplitude-frequency response of the correction filter; and finally, obtaining correction filter coefficients by using a maximum and minimum design method, realizing full-band amplitude-frequency correction, and reducing amplitude distortion of the output broadband signal.
Meanwhile, the output amplitude-frequency response correction method of the arbitrary waveform generator has the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the invention, amplitude frequency correction of different frequency points is realized by using the digital filter, amplitude correction is not required to be carried out by adjusting an amplitude setting coefficient when the frequency of an output waveform is changed, and the coupling relation between waveform frequency information and amplitude information is avoided;
(2) The digital filter can be used for correcting amplitude values of a plurality of frequency points at the same time, so that amplitude-frequency correction of broadband signals is realized;
(3) The invention adopts the high-performance FPGA, can directly utilize abundant logic resources to finish amplitude-frequency correction based on the digital filter while realizing high-speed data synthesis and transmission, and has the advantages of being convenient for designing and arbitrarily debugging, secondary development of users and customizing self-required functions when the FPGA is used as a programmable logic device.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for correcting the output amplitude-frequency response of an arbitrary waveform generator according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the output amplitude-frequency response of the arbitrary waveform generator;
FIG. 3 is a complementary schematic diagram of the amplitude-frequency response of the amplitude-frequency correction filter and the output amplitude-frequency response of the arbitrary waveform generator;
FIG. 4 is a graph of the amplitude-frequency response of an amplitude-frequency correction filter versus an ideal correction response;
FIG. 5 is a comparison graph of an arbitrary waveform generator with the addition of an amplitude-frequency correction filter;
FIG. 6 is an output amplitude-frequency response of the arbitrary waveform generator before adding an amplitude-frequency correction filter;
fig. 7 is an output amplitude-frequency response of the arbitrary waveform generator after adding an amplitude-frequency correction filter.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the invention is presented in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to provide a better understanding of the invention to those skilled in the art. It is to be expressly noted that in the description below, detailed descriptions of known functions and designs are omitted here as perhaps obscuring the present invention.
Examples
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the method for correcting the output amplitude-frequency response of the arbitrary waveform generator according to the present invention includes the following steps:
s1, recording the maximum set value Amp of the output amplitude of an arbitrary waveform generator max The output effective bandwidth is f band The reference voltage regulation range of the internal DAC is V min ～V max The reference voltage initial default value of the internal DAC is:
Figure BDA0003512519790000051
in the present embodiment, the purpose of setting the reference current or the reference voltage of the DAC to the intermediate value is to ensure that the output amplitude value of the lowest point of the amplitude-frequency characteristic can be adjusted to be consistent with the set amplitude value in the subsequent step.
S2, acquiring amplitude-frequency characteristics output by an arbitrary waveform synthesis system by adopting a sweep frequency method;
in this embodiment, the effective output bandwidth of the arbitrary waveform generator is 500MHz, we start with 10MHz, sweep test the output bandwidth of the arbitrary waveform generator with 10MHz as interval, set the output amplitude to 0.75Vpp (1.48 dBm), offset to 0V, and the corresponding relation between the measured output amplitude and the frequency point is shown in table 1.
Table 1 is the frequency bins and corresponding output amplitudes;
Figure BDA0003512519790000052
Figure BDA0003512519790000061
as can be seen from the above table, the output amplitude at 500MHz is at least-5.84 dBm from the set point by 7.32dBm. Therefore, the output amplitude at 500MHz can reach the set value requirement by adjusting the amplification factor of the amplifier and the DAC current, and the output amplitude of each frequency point after adjustment is shown in table 2;
table 2, each frequency point after adjustment and corresponding output amplitude;
frequency of Test amplitude Frequency of Test amplitude Frequency of Test amplitude
10MHz 7.48dBm 180MHz 6.70dBm 350MHz 3.35dBm
20MHz 7.55dBm 190MHz 6.81dBm 360MHz 3.32dBm
30MHz 7.43dBm 200MHz 6.57dBm 370MHz 3.15dBm
40MHz 7.36dBm 210MHz 6.59dBm 380MHz 3.04dBm
50MHz 7.34dBm 220MHz 6.21dBm 390MHz 2.91dBm
60MHz 7.34dBm 230MHz 5.86dBm 400MHz 2.70dBm
70MHz 7.31dBm 240MHz 5.58dBm 410MHz 2.64dBm
80MHz 7.29dBm 250MHz 5.12dBm 420MHz 2.51dBm
90MHz 7.13dBm 260MHz 5.03dBm 430MHz 2.48dBm
100MHz 6.62dBm 270MHz 4.75dBm 440MHz 2.28dBm
110MHz 6.47dBm 280MHz 4.53dBm 450MHz 1.98dBm
120MHz 6.44dBm 290MHz 4.35dBm 460MHz 2.18dBm
130MHz 6.42dBm 300MHz 4.13dBm 470MHz 2.06dBm
140MHz 6.67dBm 310MHz 4.07dBm 480MHz 1.87dBm
150MHz 6.43dBm 320MHz 3.91dBm 490MHz 1.61dBm
160MHz 6.62dBm 330MHz 3.77dBm 500MHz 1.48dBm
170MHz 6.64dBm 340MHz 3.64dBm
S3, designing a digital filter for amplitude-frequency correction;
test value obtained according to S2 and formula
Figure BDA0003512519790000062
The output amplitude-frequency response of the arbitrary waveform generator within the pass band before correction can be obtained as shown in fig. 2. The purpose of amplitude-frequency correction is to keep the output signal amplitude consistent within the passband, i.e
Figure BDA0003512519790000071
Meanwhile, in order to prevent the amplitude-frequency response ripple wave in the passband from being larger due to the fact that the transition band drops too fast, the amplitude-frequency response of the transition band should drop smoothly, and then the amplitude-frequency response of the correction filter meets the following conditions:
Figure BDA0003512519790000072
thus, the amplitude-frequency response of the correction filter is complementary to the output amplitude-frequency response of the arbitrary waveform generator as shown in FIG. 3. Based on the 500MHz output amplitude, the amplitude correction coefficient of the frequency point can be calculated as shown in Table 3;
table 3 shows the amplitude-frequency correction coefficient table;
frequency of Amplitude-frequency response Frequency of Amplitude-frequency response Frequency of Amplitude-frequency response
10MHz 0.5012 180MHz 0.5483 350MHz 0.8063
20MHz 0.4972 190MHz 0.5414 360MHz 0.8091
30MHz 0.5023 200MHz 0.5565 370MHz 0.8251
40MHz 0.5052 210MHz 0.5553 380MHz 0.8356
50MHz 0.5070 220MHz 0.5801 390MHz 0.8482
60MHz 0.5099 230MHz 0.6039 400MHz 0.8690
70MHz 0.5111 240MHz 0.6237 410MHz 0.8750
80MHz 0.5117 250MHz 0.6577 420MHz 0.8882
90MHz 0.5146 260MHz 0.6645 430MHz 0.8913
100MHz 0.5534 270MHz 0.6863 440MHz 0.9120
110MHz 0.5630 280MHz 0.7039 450MHz 0.9441
120MHz 0.5649 290MHz 0.7186 460MHz 0.9354
130MHz 0.5502 300MHz 0.7371 470MHz 0.9561
140MHz 0.5495 310MHz 0.7422 480MHz 0.9683
150MHz 0.5656 320MHz 0.7560 490MHz 0.9851
160MHz 0.5508 330MHz 0.7682 500MHz 1
170MHz 0.5521 340MHz 0.7798
Let the order of the amplitude-frequency response correction filter be m, the frequency response of the filter be
Figure BDA0003512519790000073
The coefficient h of the amplitude-frequency correction filter can be calculated according to the data of Table 3 and the above formula by using the maximum-minimum design method comp . The amplitude-frequency response of the correction filter more closely approximates the desired correction effect as the filter order increases, as shown in fig. 4. Of 100 th order filterThe amplitude-frequency response still has an error of + -1 dB from the ideal corrected amplitude-frequency response, and when the filter order reaches 250, the amplitude-frequency response of the filter has substantially trended towards the ideal corrected amplitude-frequency response. However, a larger filter order means more hardware resources will be consumed in the FPGA. Therefore, in practical application, an appropriate filter order is selected according to practical requirements, so as to achieve a desired amplitude-frequency correction effect through the least hardware resources.
S4, adding the amplitude-frequency correction filter obtained in the step S3 into any waveform generator;
an amplitude-frequency correction filter is added between the FPGA and the DAC of the arbitrary waveform generator, and the amplitude-frequency response output by the arbitrary waveform generator is corrected by the amplitude-frequency correction filter, as shown in fig. 5, where (a) in fig. 5 is a block diagram of the arbitrary waveform generator that does not include the amplitude-frequency correction filter, and (b) in fig. 5 is a block diagram of the arbitrary waveform generator to which the amplitude-frequency correction filter is added.
In this embodiment, an arbitrary waveform generator is set to output a multitone signal composed of 100mhz,200mhz,300mhz,400mhz,500mhz sinusoidal signals, the output amplitude is 0.75V (1.48 dBm), and the amplitudes of the respective frequency points are identical. The output amplitude for each bin should be 0.15V (-12.42 dBm). The output amplitude of each frequency point is respectively-7.76 dBm, -7.92dBm, -10.36dBm, -11.62dBm, -12.54dBm measured by a frequency spectrograph, and the amplitude-frequency response rule of the test in table 1 is met as shown in figure 6. Then, the invention designs a 100-order amplitude-frequency correction filter, and measures the output signals again to obtain that the output amplitude of each frequency point is respectively-13.14 dBm, -13.16dBm, -12.99dBm, -12.88dBm, -12.56dBm, and the correction error is +/-1 dBm and is within the error range of the 100-order amplitude-frequency correction filter as shown in figure 7. Therefore, the method can effectively realize the amplitude-frequency correction of the broadband arbitrary waveform generator.

Claims (1)

1. An arbitrary waveform generator output amplitude-frequency response correction method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Record maximum set value Amp of output amplitude of arbitrary waveform generator max The output effective bandwidth is f band The reference voltage regulation range of the internal DAC is V min ～V max The reference voltage initial default value of the internal DAC is:
Figure QLYQS_1
(2) Acquiring the amplitude-frequency characteristic output by the random waveform generator by adopting a sweep frequency method;
(2.1) setting the effective output bandwidth of the arbitrary waveform generator to f band Equally spaced N frequency values, noted:
Figure QLYQS_2
(2.2) setting the output amplitude value of the arbitrary waveform generator to Amp max Offset of 0 and output frequency of f in turn 0 ,f 1 ,…,f N-1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The amplitude values of N sine signals output by the arbitrary waveform generator are respectively measured by a measuring instrument and recorded as follows: amp (Amp) 0 ,Amp 1 ,…,Amp N-1 ；
(2.3) finding the frequency point with the minimum amplitude value among the amplitude values of the N sine signals, and marking the frequency point as f i The amplitude value is recorded as Amp i ；
(2.4) setting the output amplitude value of the arbitrary waveform generator to Amp max Offset of 0 and output frequency f i The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Measuring amplitude value Amp of sine signal output by arbitrary waveform generator by measuring instrument i If the output amplitude value Amp i Equal to the maximum amplitude value Amp max The current state of the arbitrary waveform generator is kept unchanged; otherwise, adjusting the DAC reference current or reference voltage to change the amplitude of the output by Amp adjust So that Amp max ＝Amp i ±Amp adjust ；
(2.5) keeping the current state of the arbitrary waveform generator unchanged, and respectively adjusting the output frequencies to be f in sequence 0 ,f 1 ,…,f N-1 And (3) testing the output amplitude of each frequency point according to the step (2.2), and marking as:
Amp 0 ′,Amp 1 ′,…,Amp i ′…,Amp N-1 ′；
(3) A digital filter designed for amplitude-frequency correction;
(3.1) calculating the passband frequency response of the arbitrary waveform generator according to the output amplitude value adjusted in the step (2.5) as follows:
Figure QLYQS_3
(3.2) the amplitude-frequency response of the correction filter should be complementary to the amplitude-frequency response of the system in the passband, i.e
Figure QLYQS_4
In the stop band, the amplitude-frequency response is 0, and meanwhile, in order to prevent the amplitude-frequency response ripple wave in the pass band from being larger due to the fact that the transition band drops too fast, the amplitude-frequency response of the transition band should drop smoothly, and then the amplitude-frequency response of the correction filter meets the following conditions:
Figure QLYQS_5
wherein w is stop For the filter cut-off band, N trans-zone Counting the number of transition band frequencies;
(3.3) calculating m-order finite impulse response filter coefficients with amplitude-frequency characteristics satisfying the step (3.2) by using a maximum-minimum design method, and marking as: h (0), h (1), …, h (m-1);
(4) Adding the amplitude-frequency correction filter obtained in the step (3) into any waveform generator;
adding an amplitude-frequency correction filter between the FPGA and the DAC of the arbitrary waveform generator, and correcting the amplitude-frequency response output by the arbitrary waveform generator by using the amplitude-frequency correction filter;
Figure QLYQS_6
where x (n) is data before correction, and x' (n) is data after correction.
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