CN113151070B - 一株可提高肠道中克里斯藤森菌科相对丰度的发酵乳杆菌 - Google Patents
一株可提高肠道中克里斯藤森菌科相对丰度的发酵乳杆菌 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一株可提高肠道中克里斯藤森菌科相对丰度的发酵乳杆菌,属于微生物技术领域以及医药技术领域。所述发酵乳杆菌保藏于广东省微生物菌种保藏中心,保藏编号为GDMCC No:61549,保藏日期为2021年03月09日。本发明筛选得到的发酵乳杆菌CCFM1171可改善肠道健康,具体体现在:可显著提高肠道中克里斯滕森菌科(Christensenellaceae)的相对丰度;可显著恢复DAI;具有较高的产短链脂肪酸能力。因此,发酵乳杆菌CCFM1171在制备改善肠道健康的产品中,如食品、药品或保健品等,具有巨大的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一株可提高肠道中克里斯藤森菌科相对丰度的发酵乳杆菌,属于微生物技术领域以及医药技术领域。
背景技术
肠道指人体胃幽门至肛门部分的消化道,约7m左右,包括十二指肠、空肠、回肠、盲肠、结肠和直肠,对于人体健康至关重要。肠道不仅是人体最大的消化器官、内分泌器官,同时也是人体最大的免疫系统,对于人体情绪调节也有及其重要的作用。
在肠道内存在着一个细菌生态系统,被称为肠道菌群。肠道菌群中包含1014个细菌,与人体健康息息相关。多个研究表明,肠道菌群发挥着非常多的功能,如促进肠黏膜修复破损,提升肠道消化吸收能力,刺激黏膜淋巴组织增加免疫球蛋白水平等。肠道菌群失衡则会引发多种疾病,不仅会直接造成胃肠道的消化类疾病,更是会通过脑-肠轴、肝、肠轴引发远端器官的病症。因此,肠道菌群对人体健康至关重要。
属于厚壁菌门的克里斯滕森菌科(Christensenellaceae)是一种对宿主健康非常重要的肠道微生物。研究发现高丰度的克里斯滕森菌科(Christensenellaceae)往往与较低的体重指数、内脏脂肪和血清甘油三酯含量联系在一起,而内脏脂肪和血清甘油三酯被认为是诱发心脏代谢疾病的危险因素(Genome Biol.2016;17:189,Benef Microbes.2019;10(2):121–35)。
此外,克里斯滕森菌科(Christensenellaceae)也与炎症性肠病紧密相关,在患有克罗恩病和溃疡性结肠的患者肠道中,克里斯滕森菌科(Christensenellaceae)的丰度显著低于健康对照组(Cell Host Microbe.2014;15:382–92,Gut.2017;66:863–71,InflammBowel Dis.2018;24:583–92)。另外,抗性淀粉、低聚半乳糖和多聚葡萄糖等高膳食纤维的饮食干预会显著增加克里斯滕森菌科(Christensenellaceae)在肠道中的相对丰度,而摄入较多的精制糖则会降低其在肠道中的相对丰度(Microbiome.2018;6:77,Sci Rep.2016;6:28797,Benef Microbes.2019;10(2):121–35)。
目前,已经有部分研究通过筛选获得了一些具有改善肠道菌群失衡的益生菌,例如,公开号为CN104232515B的中国发明专利文本中公开了一种动物双歧杆菌,此动物双歧杆菌能够增加肠道中双歧杆菌和乳杆菌的数量,同时,能够降低肠道中拟杆菌和大肠杆菌的数量;公开号为CN107312726B的中国发明专利文本中公开了一种植物乳杆菌,此植物乳杆菌可抑制肠道内大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌、猪链球菌以及金黄色葡萄球菌等有害菌的生长。公开号为CN111004735A的中国发明专利申请文本中公开了一株发酵乳杆菌,此发酵乳杆菌能够降低肠道中有害菌Parabacteroides的相对丰度;公开号为CN106967630B的中国发明专利文本中公开了一株可以抑制肠道内大肠杆菌以及金黄色葡萄球菌等有害菌的发酵乳杆菌。
但是,现有报道当中并没有针对肠道内菌株克里斯滕森菌科(Christensenellaceae)丰度的效果进行探究,而克里斯滕森菌科是一种对宿主健康非常重要的肠道微生物,该微生物在肠道中的丰度降低,可能会导致一系列的疾病,因此,开发出一种能够提高克里斯滕森菌科(Christensenellaceae)相对丰度的方法是亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
[技术问题]
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一株发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum),并且提供一种可显著提高人体肠道内克里斯滕森菌科(Christensenellaceae)相对丰度的方法。
[技术方案]
为解决上述问题,本发明提供了一株发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum),所述发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum)CCFM1171,保藏于广东省微生物菌种保藏中心,保藏编号为GDMCC No:61549,保藏日期为2021年03月09日。
所述发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum)CCFM1171是从来源于陕西省宝鸡市健康成年人粪便样本中分离得到的,该菌株经测序分析,其乳杆菌的groEL基因序列如SEQID NO.1所示,将测序得到的序列在Genbank中进行核酸序列比对,结果显示与乳杆菌属的核酸序列相似度为98.82%,结果显示菌株属于乳杆菌属的发酵乳杆菌,将其命名为发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum)CCFM1171。
所述发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum)CCFM1171在MRS培养基上培养48h后的菌落呈圆形、白色、光滑(如图1所示)。
本发明还提供了一种含有上述发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum)CCFM1171的微生物制剂。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum)CCFM1171在微生物制剂中的活菌数不低于1×106CFU/mL或1×106CFU/g。
本发明还提供了一种提高肠道内克里斯藤森菌科(Christensenellaceae)相对丰度的产品,所述产品中含有上述发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum)CCFM1171或上述微生物制剂。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述相对丰度是指样品中某一种菌的数量占样品中细菌总数量的百分比。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述产品中,发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillusfermentum)CCFM1171的活菌数为不低于1×106CFU/mL或1×106CFU/g。
本发明的一种实施方式中,所述产品中,发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum)CCFM1171的活菌数为1×108CFU/mL或1×108CFU/g。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述产品包含食品、药品或保健品。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述食品包含发酵果蔬、发酵乳、乳酪、含乳饮料、乳粉或其他含有发酵乳杆菌的食品。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述药品含有发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillusfermentum)CCFM1171、药物载体和/或药用辅料。
本发明还提供了一种克里斯藤森菌科相对丰度的方法,所述方法为,将上述发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum)CCFM1171添加至含有克里斯藤森菌科的环境中共培养。
本发明还提供了上述发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum)CCFM1171,或上述微生物制剂在制备改善肠道健康的产品中的应用。
有益效果
本发明筛选出了一株发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum)CCFM1171,此发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum)CCFM1171可改善肠道健康,具体体现在:
(1)克里斯滕森菌科(Christensenellaceae)是人体肠道中重要的肠道微生物,与肥胖、心血管疾病和炎症性肠病密切相关;而本发明的发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillusfermentum)CCFM1171可显著提高肠道中克里斯滕森菌科(Christensenellaceae)的相对丰度,灌胃本发明的发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum)CCFM1171 7天后,小鼠肠道中克里斯滕森菌科(Christensenellaceae)的相对丰度明显提高。
(2)疾病活动指数(Disease activity index,DAI)是结合患病个体的体重下降百分率、粪便形态和粪便潜血三种情况进行综合评价得到的评分,反映了疾病的严重程度。灌胃本发明的发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum)CCFM1171 7天后,小鼠的DAI明显恢复。
(3)短链脂肪酸可以降低肠道内pH值,改善肠道酸性环境,增殖有益菌、抑制有害菌,改善肠道功能,而本发明的发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum)CCFM1171在体外代谢中能产生较多的短链脂肪酸。
因此,本发明的发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum)CCFM1171在制备改善肠道健康的产品(如食品、药品或保健品等)中,具有巨大的应用前景。
生物材料保藏
一株发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum)CCFM1171,分类学命名为:Lactobacillus fermentum,已于2021年03月09日保藏于广东省微生物菌种保藏中心,保藏编号GDMCC No:61549,保藏地址为广州市先烈中路100号大院59号楼5楼,广东省微生物研究所。
附图说明
图1:发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum)CCFM1171在MRS平板固体培养基上培养48小时后的菌落形态。
图2:不同株发酵乳杆菌在体外培养过程中总短链脂肪酸的产量。
图3:不同株发酵乳杆菌对结肠炎小鼠DAI的影响。
图4:不同株发酵乳杆菌对结肠炎小鼠粪便中克里斯滕森菌科(Christensenellaceae)相对丰度的影响。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行进一步的阐述。
下述实施例中涉及的胰蛋白胨、酵母提取物购自北京希凯创新科技有限公司;下述实施例中涉及的乙酸钠、柠檬酸二胺、磷酸氢二钾、七水硫酸镁、一水硫酸锰、吐温-80、L-半胱氨酸盐酸盐和氯化钠均为分析纯,购自国药集团化学试剂有限公司;下述实施例中涉及的细菌16S rRNA V3-V4区引物和乳杆菌GroEL引物购自上海生工生物工程有限公司;下述实施例中涉及的葡萄糖购于国药集团化学试剂有限公司;下述实施例中涉及的脱脂乳粉购自内蒙古伊利实业集团股份有限公司。下述实施例中所涉及的SPF级C57BL/6J雄性小鼠购自北京维通利华实验动物技术有限公司。
下述实施例中所涉及的发酵乳杆菌CCFM1126,保藏编号为GDMCC No.61020,记载于公开号为CN111718873A的中国发明专利申请文本中;下述实施例中所涉及的发酵乳杆菌CCFM1051,保藏编号为GDMCC No:60649,记载于公开号为CN110229769A的中国发明专利申请文本中。
下述实施例中涉及的培养基如下:
MRS液体培养基(g/L):蛋白胨10g/L,酵母提取物5g/L,葡萄糖20g/L,无水乙酸钠2g/L,柠檬酸氢二胺2g/L,K2HPO4·3H2O 2.6g/L,MgSO4·7H2O 0.5g/L,MnSO4·7H2O 0.25g/L,吐温-80 1g/L,蒸馏水1000g/L。
MRS固体培养基(g/L):在液体培养基的基础上添加琼脂20g/L。
下述实施例中所涉及检测方法如下:
短链脂肪酸检测
采用GC-MS分析上层乙醚相中的各种短链脂肪酸,检测条件:采用QP-2010GC/MS系统和游离脂肪酸键合相弹性石英毛细管柱(30m×0.25mm×0.25μm;Rt-Wax岛津)。流动相氦气流速为12.7mL/min,初始柱温为100℃,以7.5℃/min增加至140℃后,再以60℃/min升至200℃,最终在200℃保持3min。进样温度为240℃,进样体积为1μL,每个样品保留时间为9.33min。样品数据处理和分析使用软件GC/MS Postrun Analysis software(Version2.72,Shimadzu)。
克里斯滕森菌科(Christensenellaceae)的相对丰度的检测
收集每只小鼠的粪便,通过购自美国MP公司的粪便样品基因组提取试剂盒提取小鼠粪便样品中细菌基因组,并以此为模板,扩增16S rDNA的V4区,PCR验证后进行切胶回收,回收产物按照购自美国Life Technologies公司的QuantTM dsDNA BR Assay Kit试剂盒的说明书进行定量(ng/μL);根据PicoGreen荧光染料的定量结果,按等质量浓度混合样品,样品之间barcode不重复;按照购自美国Life Technologies公司的Illumina建库试剂盒TurSeq DNALT Sample Preparation Kit的说明书构建文库,主要包括末端修复、3’端加A、接头连接以及PCR扩增等步骤;将文库进行上机测序;根据测序结果进行线下处理,得到不同实验组小鼠粪便中的菌群在科水平上的分布情况以及不同实验组小鼠粪便中克里斯滕森菌科(Christensenellaceae)的相对丰度。
实施例1:发酵乳杆菌的筛选、菌种鉴定及培养
1、筛选
以来源于陕西省宝鸡市健康成年人粪便为样本,用无菌生理盐水进行10倍梯度稀释至10-6,然后分别取100μL稀释梯度为10-4、10-5、10-6的稀释液于MRS固体培养基上进行平板涂布,37℃培养48h,观察并记录菌落形态;挑取MRS固体培养基上不同形态的菌落进行划线分离,经37℃培养48h后,再次挑取MRS固体培养基上不同形态的单菌落进行划线分离,直至得到形态一致的纯的单菌落;挑取MRS固体培养基上的纯菌落接种于5mL MRS液体培养基中,37℃培养18h;取1mL菌液于无菌离心管中,8000r/min离心3min后弃去上层培养基,菌泥重悬于30%甘油溶液中置于-80℃中保藏,得到菌株。
2、鉴定
对分离得到的菌株进行PCR扩增,PCR产物送至苏州金唯智生物科技有限公司进行测序,将测序得到的结果在NCBI中进行核酸序列比对,最终得到发酵乳杆菌,并命为发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum)CCFM1171。
3、培养
将发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum)CCFM1171接入MRS固体培养基上于37℃培养48h后,观察其菌落。图1为发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum)CCFM1171在MRS平板固体培养基上培养48小时后的菌落形态,发现其菌落呈圆形、白色、光滑。
实施例2:不同发酵乳杆菌的产短链脂肪酸能力
具体步骤如下:
(1)分别将实施例1获得的发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum)CCFM1171以及发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum)CCFM1126和发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillusfermentum)CCFM1051接入MRS液体培养基中于37℃培养18h后,离心收集细胞,经生理盐水洗涤后分别重悬于生理盐水中至菌浓度为2×108CFU/mL,分别获得菌液。
(2)分别将菌液与10%的硫酸以25:1的体积比混合酸化后,加入4倍10%硫酸体积的乙醚振荡混匀以提取脂肪酸,得到提取液;将提取液于18000g的条件下离心15min后分离上层乙醚相,将上层乙醚相通过无水Na2SO4进行干燥后静置30min,继续于18000g的条件下离心5min,用GC-MS分析上层乙醚相中的各种短链脂肪酸(分析结果见图2及表1)。
表1不同发酵乳杆菌的总短链脂肪酸产量及乙酸产量
短链脂肪酸浓度/μmol/mL | CCFM1171 | CCFM1126 | CCFM1051 |
乙酸 | 3.403±0.05 | 2.241±0.05 | 2.981±0.04 |
总短链脂肪酸 | 3.422±0.05 | 2.253±0.05 | 3.041±0.05 |
由图2可知,发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum)CCFM1171的总短链脂肪酸产量高达3.422±0.05μmol/mL,较其余发酵乳杆菌有明显优势。
实施例3:不同发酵乳杆菌对小鼠粪便菌群的影响
具体步骤如下:
(1)将发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum)CCFM1171、发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum)CCFM1126和发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum)CCFM1051分别接入MRS液体培养基中于37℃培养18h后,离心收集细胞,经生理盐水洗涤后分别重悬于13%(m/v)的脱脂乳粉溶液中至菌浓度为5×109CFU/mL,获得菌悬液,将菌悬液于-80℃下保存待用。
(2)取体重在18~20g的SPF级C57BL/6J雄性小鼠50只,随机分为5组,每组10只,分别为:空白组、造模组、灌胃发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum)CCFM1171菌悬液的CCFM1171组、灌胃发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum)CCFM1126菌悬液的CCFM1126组和灌胃发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum)CCFM1051菌悬液的CCFM1051组。其中,CCFM1171组、CCFM1126组和CCFM1051组为实验组。
实验共14天:第一周(7天)为小鼠适应期,适应期喂食小鼠常规实验动物饲料,和普通饮水,给小鼠打耳号后随机编号。待小鼠无明显异常后,即进行后续实验;第8天开始灌胃直至实验结束,具体灌胃方法如下:
实验组:分别灌胃发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum)CCFM1171菌悬液、发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum)CCFM1126菌悬液和发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillusfermentum)CCFM1051菌悬液;其中,菌悬液以1×109CFU/只/天的剂量进行灌胃;
空白组:从第8天开始每天灌胃等量脱脂乳粉溶液至第14d实验结束,
造模组:从第8天开始每天灌胃等量脱脂乳粉溶液,同时给予3%的DSS饮水至第14d实验结束,进行结肠炎模型造模。
在灌胃第15天的上午收集每只小鼠的粪便,通过购自美国MP公司的粪便样品基因组提取试剂盒提取小鼠粪便样品中细菌基因组;根据测序结果进行线下处理,得到不同实验组小鼠粪便中的菌群在科水平上的分布情况以及不同实验组小鼠粪便中克里斯滕森菌科(Christensenellaceae)的相对丰度(检测结果见图4及表2)。
表2实验结束后各组的小鼠粪便中克里斯滕森菌科的相对丰度
由图4可知,造模组小鼠粪便中克里斯滕森菌科(Christensenellaceae)的相对丰度较低,约为0.00385±0.005%,灌胃发酵乳杆菌CCFM1126和CCFM1051的小鼠粪便中克里斯滕森菌科(Christensenellaceae)的相对丰度相较于造模组,并无明显变化,而灌胃发酵乳杆菌CCFM1171的小鼠粪便中的克里斯滕森菌科(Christensenellaceae)的相对丰度为0.0524±0.004%,较之与造模组显著上升,是造模组的13.6倍。
可见,本发明发酵乳杆菌CCFM1171在调节小鼠肠道中克里斯滕森菌科(Christensenellaceae)的相对丰度上,具有明显优势。
实施例4:不同发酵乳杆菌对小鼠DAI的影响
具体步骤如下:
(1)分别将发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum)CCFM1171、发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum)CCFM1126和发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum)CCFM1051接入MRS液体培养基中,于37℃培养18h后,离心收集细胞,经生理盐水洗涤后分别重悬于13%(m/v)的脱脂乳粉溶液中至菌浓度为5×109CFU/mL,获得菌悬液,将菌悬液于-80℃下保存待用。
(2)取体重在18~20g的SPF级C57BL/6J雄性小鼠50只,随机分为5组,每组10只,分别为:空白组、造模组、灌胃发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum)CCFM1171菌悬液的CCFM1171组、灌胃发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum)CCFM1126菌悬液的CCFM1126组和灌胃发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum)CCFM1051菌悬液的CCFM1051组。其中,CCFM1171组、CCFM1126组和CCFM1051组为实验组。
实验共14天:第一周(7天)为小鼠适应期,适应期喂食小鼠常规实验动物饲料,和普通饮水,给小鼠打耳号后随机编号。待小鼠无明显异常后,即进行后续实验;第8天开始灌胃直至实验结束,具体灌胃方法如下:
实验组分别灌胃发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum)CCFM1171菌悬液、发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum)CCFM1126菌悬液和发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillusfermentum)CCFM1051菌悬液;其中,菌悬液以1×109CFU/只/天的剂量进行灌胃。
空白组:从第8天开始每天灌胃等量脱脂乳粉溶液至第14d实验结束。
造模组:从第8天开始每天灌胃等量脱脂乳粉溶液,同时给予3%的DSS饮水至第14d实验结束,进行结肠炎模型造模。
在8-14天中,每天检测每只小鼠的粪便潜血、粪便形态(粪便潜血、粪便形态检测根据便隐血匹拉米洞半定量检测法试剂盒说明书进行)。
由图3可知,实验第14天时,与空白组相比造模组的DAI显著上升,为2.57±0.17;灌胃发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum)CCFM1171的小鼠DAI显著下降,为1.42±0.89;相对于造模组,降低了44.7%;灌胃发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum)CCFM1126和发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum)CCFM1051的小鼠DAI与造模组相比没有明显变化,为2±0.15和2.57±0.16。
可见,本发明发酵乳杆菌CCFM1171能显著改善小鼠肠道生理指标,降低结肠炎引起的DAI指数下降,具有缓解炎症性肠病的潜力。
虽然本发明已以较佳实施例公开如上,但其并非用以限定本发明,任何熟悉此技术的人,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内,都可做各种的改动与修饰,因此本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求书所界定的为准。
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Claims (8)
1.一株发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum)CCFM1171,其特征在于,所述发酵乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum)CCFM1171保藏于广东省微生物菌种保藏中心,保藏编号为GDMCC No : 61549,保藏日期为2021年03月09日。
2.含有权利要求1所述发酵乳杆菌CCFM1171的微生物制剂。
3.如权利要求2所述的微生物制剂,其特征在于,所述发酵乳杆菌CCFM1171在微生物制剂中的活菌数不低于1×106 CFU/mL或1×106 CFU/g。
4.一种提高肠道内克里斯藤森菌科(Christensenellaceae)相对丰度的产品,其特征在于,所述产品中含有权利要求1所述的发酵乳杆菌CCFM1171或权利要求2所述的微生物制剂,所述产品为食品、药品或保健品。
5.如权利要求4所述的产品,其特征在于,所述产品中,发酵乳杆菌CCFM1171的活菌数为不低于1×106 CFU/mL或1×106 CFU/g。
6.如权利要求5所述的产品,其特征在于,所述食品为发酵果蔬、发酵乳、乳酪、含乳饮料、乳粉或其他含有发酵乳杆菌CCFM1171的食品。
7.如权利要求5所述的产品,其特征在于,所述药品含有发酵乳杆菌CCFM1171、药物载体和/或药用辅料。
8.权利要求1所述的发酵乳杆菌CCFM1171,或权利要求2或3所述的微生物制剂在制备改善肠道健康的产品中的应用。
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