Nano disinfection coating for disinfection of livestock and poultry breeding places and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of livestock and poultry breeding disinfectants, relates to a nano disinfection coating for disinfecting livestock and poultry breeding places and application thereof, and particularly relates to a nano disinfection coating for disinfecting livestock and poultry breeding places such as livestock and poultry houses, walls and appliances and application thereof.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid development of livestock and poultry industry in China, the breeding industry gradually tends to large-scale and intensive production, which greatly optimizes the agricultural industry structure, but the problems of animal epidemic disease risk and the like are more obvious, and the healthy development of the industry is greatly restricted. Particularly, since the first African swine fever is diagnosed in China in 8 months in 2018, the epidemic situation rapidly spreads to 32 provinces (city and autonomous region) in the whole country, and African swine fever also occurs in many countries in southeast Asia in 2019, so that the prevention and control situation is extremely severe. Because no safe and effective commercial vaccine for preventing and controlling the African swine fever exists in the market at present, the biological safety is the most direct, effective and important measure for preventing and controlling the epidemic disease at present.
Disinfection is the central focus of biological safety. In the special period of non-epidemic transverse movement, the piggery is normally disinfected once a day, and in some pig farms, even 3-5 times a day, the phenomena of abuse of disinfectant in the farm, improper disinfection method and the like generally exist. The disinfection of plant's high frequency has not only increased the breed cost, and breed personnel's work load greatly increased leads to the surrounding environment to pollute simultaneously and aggravates, and more importantly, excessive disinfection can harm the pig and only disappear way and nasal cavity mucosa to increase beasts and birds house air humidity, increase the risk that the swinery infects the epidemic disease.
The disinfectant commonly used in the market has various types, unsatisfactory effect and more or less different defects. Although the aldehyde disinfectant, such as formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde and the like, has strong sterilizing effect, the aldehyde disinfectant has residual toxicity, cannot be automatically degraded in the environment, and has great harm to people, livestock and the surrounding environment after being frequently used for a long time. Peroxide disinfectants such as peracetic acid, hydrogen peroxide and the like are not stable in property, easy to decompose and corrosive although having a broad bactericidal spectrum, and can stimulate digestive tract and nasal mucosa of livestock and poultry, possibly cause damage and are not suitable for disinfecting live livestock and poultry. Chlorine-containing disinfectants, such as sodium hypochlorite and sodium dichloroisocyanurate, have a sterilization effect greatly influenced by the pH value and are easy to generate trichloromethane and other 'three-cause' substances. The existing quaternary ammonium salt disinfectant with high heat is easy to be influenced by water hardness and organic matters (such as urine, excrement, feed residues and the like) although the chemical property is stable and the toxicity is low, and is easy to generate drug resistance after being singly used for a long time.
There are three key points for the selection of disinfectant in the farm: the disinfection effect is good, the effect is durable, and the antibacterial spectrum is wide; the use is safe, the corrosion is avoided, and no medicine residue is generated; and thirdly, the disinfection is thorough. The liquid disinfectant used in the prior production has short adhesion time for special positions such as vertical walls, iron railings, ceilings and the like due to the action of gravity, and cannot play an effective killing effect. Therefore, the development of efficient, durable and low-toxicity disinfectant is urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems of the existing disinfectants in livestock and poultry breeding places, the invention aims to provide the nano disinfection coating for disinfecting the livestock and poultry breeding places, which has safe, slow-release and lasting broad-spectrum sterilization and virus killing effects, can be tightly attached to the surface of an object to form a compact biological composite membrane, is particularly suitable for efficient and lasting disinfection of special positions vertical to walls, iron railings, ceilings and the like, does not have disinfection dead angles, improves the biological safety grade, and prevents and reduces diseases.
In order to realize the technical purpose, the invention provides a nano disinfection coating for disinfecting livestock and poultry breeding places, which comprises the following components:
preferably, the nano silver is simple substance silver particles with the average particle size of 20nm, and the purity is not lower than 99%; the silver nitrate is chemically pure silver nitrate; the glucose content is not lower than 99 percent of food grade; the content of the sodium alginate is not less than 99 percent of edible level.
The raw materials are all common products which can be purchased conveniently in the market.
The invention also provides application of the nano disinfection coating for livestock and poultry breeding place disinfection, the nano disinfection coating is diluted by 10-20 times with water, and is sprayed or applied on the surface of the livestock and poultry breeding place according to the amount of 100 ml/square meter, and the nano disinfection coating is repeated every 15-30 days later.
It should be noted that if the pen, the wall, the ceiling, the appliance and the like are thoroughly washed with water, the spraying or the coating needs to be repeated once again according to the amount of 100 ml/square meter, and then repeated once every 15 to 30 days.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
the nano silver particles have strong sterilization effect and can kill various harmful germs within several minutes; the nano silver particles are externally provided with a layer of protective film, can be gradually released in a machine body, and has a lasting antibacterial effect; the trace silver element is one of essential elements of an organism, the nano silver particles are uncharged and stable in chemical property, cannot be combined with various bioactive substances in the organism to deposit, adsorb and kill pathogenic microorganisms in pores, can be completely discharged from the organism, and cannot generate toxic or side effect. On the basis, a small amount of silver nitrate is added, and Ag can be quickly ionized in aqueous solution+The nano silver and the nano silver are cooperated to exert the rapid and efficient killing effect on pathogenic microorganisms in the environment, and simultaneously, the nano silverThe addition of the silver nitrate also reduces the addition amount of the silver nitrate, and the potential harm of silver ions to the environment is reduced to the maximum extent. The sodium alginate has fiber and film forming capacity, so that the sprayed silver-containing disinfectant is tightly adhered to the surface of a wall or an appliance to form a biological composite film, silver ions stably exist in the composite film and cannot be lost, and the effective sterilization and antivirus effects can be achieved only by a small amount of silver ions, so that the disinfection frequency of a farm can be greatly reduced; and part of silver ions are exposed to ammonia gas in the livestock and poultry house to form silver ammonia ions, and then the silver ammonia ions and the added glucose are subjected to silver mirror reaction to separate out simple substance silver, so that the continuous and long-term antibacterial and antiviral effects are further exerted.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention provides a disinfection product and a disinfection method which are suitable for continuous production, live bodies and uninterrupted production for large-scale and intensive breeding industry, have safe, slow-release and lasting broad-spectrum sterilization and virus killing effects, can be tightly attached to the surface of an object to form a compact biological composite membrane, are particularly suitable for efficient and lasting disinfection of special positions vertical to walls, iron railings, ceilings and the like, have no disinfection dead angle, improve the biological safety grade and prevent and reduce diseases.
(2) The added nano-silver superfine powder has the grain size of about 5-50nm, and the smaller the grain size, the easier the grain size can penetrate through bacterial cell walls, and the more obvious the sterilization effect is; the disinfection frequency is low (30 days/time), and the air humidity of the livestock and poultry house cannot be increased; the disinfectant is safe, non-toxic and non-irritant, can be used for continuous production, has living body disinfection, and has the sterilization and antiviral effects which are not influenced by temperature, pH and organic matters; on the basis, a small amount of silver nitrate is added, and Ag can be quickly ionized in aqueous solution+The silver nitrate nano-powder synergistic agent has a quick and efficient killing effect on pathogenic microorganisms in the environment in a synergistic manner with the nano-silver, and simultaneously, the addition amount of the silver nitrate is reduced by adding the nano-silver, so that the potential harm of silver ions to the environment is reduced to the maximum extent. The sodium alginate has the fiber and film forming capacity, so that the sprayed silver-containing disinfectant is closely attached to the surface of a wall or an appliance to form a biological composite film, silver ions stably exist in the biological composite film, cannot be lost, and only the silver ions need to be stably stored in the biological composite filmA small amount of silver ions can play an effective sterilization and antivirus effect, so that the sterilization frequency of the farm can be greatly reduced; and part of silver ions are exposed to ammonia gas in the livestock and poultry house to form silver ammonia ions, and then the silver ammonia ions and the added glucose are subjected to silver mirror reaction to separate out simple substance silver, so that the continuous and long-term antibacterial and antiviral effects are further exerted.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the results of the Escherichia coli inhibition experiment in example 1, in which the negative control group was no treatment on the agar plate, and the experimental group was treatment on the agar plate with the nano sterilization coating of example 1.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the results of the streptococcal inhibition test in example 2, in which the negative control group was no treatment on the agar plate, and the test group was the agar plate treated with the nano disinfectant paint of example 1.
Detailed Description
The following examples and examples are intended to further illustrate the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
A nano disinfection coating for disinfecting livestock and poultry breeding places comprises the following components:
diluting the nano-disinfection paint with water by 10-20 times, and spraying the diluted nano-disinfection paint on a culture dish (57 cm) according to the dosage of 100 ml/square meter2) Then, Escherichia coli (G) was inoculated respectively-Fungi), inverted for 14 hours, as shown in fig. 1: the nano disinfection coating has obvious sterilization and bacteriostasis effects on escherichia coli.
Example 2
Diluting the nano-disinfection paint with water by 10-20 times, and spraying the diluted nano-disinfection paint on a culture dish (57 cm) according to the dosage of 100 ml/square meter2) InThen inoculated with Streptococcus (G)+Fungi), inverted for 14 hours, as shown in fig. 2: the number of bacterial colonies in two culture dishes is 70 and 51 respectively without adding the nano disinfection paint in the negative control group, while the number of bacterial colonies in four culture dishes is 13, 18, 9 and 6 respectively with the addition of the nano disinfection paint in the experimental group, and the sterilization rate is 81%. The nano disinfection coating has obvious effects of sterilization and bacteriostasis on streptococcus.
Example 3
The nano disinfection coating is diluted by 20 times, mixed and incubated with porcine pseudorabies virus (PRV: DNA virus, enveloped membrane) at 37 ℃ for different time (15min, 30min, 1h) to infect PK15 cell line, cultured for 3 days, then harvested virus liquid is subjected to fluorescent quantitative PCR detection, and the result is shown in Table 1, the PRV killing rate of the product in about 1h reaches 99.94%, and the nano disinfection coating has a remarkable virus killing effect. NC is a negative control group, cells of the group are only added with a normal culture medium for culture, and viruses and nano disinfection paint are not added; PC is a positive control group, virus liquid is added into a normal culture medium of the cells of the group, and no nano disinfection coating is added; and adding a mixture of virus and nano-disinfection coating into a normal culture medium for culturing the group X.
TABLE 1 PRV fluorescence quantitative determination results table
Example 4
The nano disinfection coating is diluted by 20 times as same as the nano disinfection coating in the embodiment 1, mixed and incubated with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV: RNA virus, with envelope) at 37 ℃ for different time (30min, 1h and 2h), Marc 145 cells are infected, after 3 days of culture, virus liquid is harvested, and fluorescent quantitative PCR detection is carried out, the result is shown in Table 2, the killing rate of the product to PRRSV reaches 99.90% in about 1h, and the nano disinfection coating has a remarkable virus killing effect.
TABLE 2 PRRSV fluorescence quantitative determination result table
Example 5
The nano disinfection coating is diluted by 20 times, mixed and incubated with porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV: RNA virus, enveloped) for different time (30min, 1h and 2h) at 37 ℃ for different time (30min, 1h and 2h) as in example 1, infected Vero cells are cultured for 3 days, virus liquid is harvested, and fluorescent quantitative PCR detection is carried out, and the result is shown in Table 3, the killing rate of the product to PEDV in about 30min reaches 99.94%, and the nano disinfection coating has a remarkable virus killing effect.
TABLE 3 PEDV fluorescence quantitative determination results table