CN112063836A - Electroplating sludge treatment system and method - Google Patents
Electroplating sludge treatment system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112063836A CN112063836A CN202011164158.4A CN202011164158A CN112063836A CN 112063836 A CN112063836 A CN 112063836A CN 202011164158 A CN202011164158 A CN 202011164158A CN 112063836 A CN112063836 A CN 112063836A
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- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 170
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 146
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 89
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001030 Iron–nickel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- GOECOOJIPSGIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper iron nickel Chemical compound [Fe].[Ni].[Cu] GOECOOJIPSGIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004127 vitreous body Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/248—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating of metal scrap or alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0006—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes obtaining iron or steel in a molten state
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/16—Sintering; Agglomerating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/2406—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating pelletizing
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
A system and a method for treating electroplating sludge belong to the technical field of electroplating sludge treatment, wherein granulation sintering equipment in the electroplating sludge treatment system is connected with sintering material screening equipment through a zipper machine, the sintering material screening equipment comprises a screening hopper, a sintering fine material bin and a sintering coarse material bin, sintering fine materials in the screening hopper are conveyed to the granulation sintering equipment through the sintering fine material bin for circulating granulation sintering, sintering coarse materials in the screening hopper are fed into melting auxiliary material matching equipment through the sintering coarse material bin, so that mixed materials formed by mixing the sintering coarse materials and the melting auxiliary materials and fuel are layered and paved in a melting furnace through feeding equipment, the upper end of a furnace cylinder of the melting furnace is connected with slag dragging equipment, the invention has the beneficial effects that the sintering materials are screened after being smoothly fed, the mixed materials and the fuel are layered and paved in the melting furnace, so that the material distribution is more uniform, and the melting combustion is more sufficient, the upper layer slag obtained by melting has good cooling effect, large recovery amount and higher recovery efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electroplating sludge treatment, in particular to an electroplating sludge treatment system and method.
Background
The electroplating industry produces a large amount of electroplating sludge containing heavy metals such as Cu, Ni and the like, and the components are very complex due to different electroplating production processes. The harm of the electroplating sludge to the environment and the human health has attracted great attention of people and is one of the public hazards acknowledged at home and abroad. The electroplating sludge contains various metal components, the quality of the electroplating sludge is higher than that of metal-rich ore, and the electroplating sludge is a cheap secondary renewable resource.
In order to recover metal resources in the electroplating sludge and realize sludge harmlessness, a sintering and melting process is usually adopted to obtain a high-temperature melt subjected to primary impurity removal, and the high-temperature melt is recovered to finally obtain the matte and the water-quenched slag. In the process of sintering the mixture of the electroplating sludge, the following problems exist: firstly, the sintered materials of the mixture after sintering are different in size, the subsequent melting effect is influenced by the undersize particle size of the sintered materials, the melting process is unstable, the consumed fuel is increased, the content of extracted and recycled alloy and water-quenched slag is low, and the maximum utilization rate cannot be achieved; secondly, the mixture often can produce the problem of putty in sintering furnace discharge gate department, and the workman needs often clear up the sintering furnace mouth, makes workman's intensity of labour increase, if produce the putty problem then can make the mixture sintering time overlength in the sintering furnace and influence the sintering effect moreover. In the process of melting and refining the mixture, the following problems exist: firstly, in order to obtain water-quenched slag with 85% of vitreous body, a plurality of auxiliary materials and fuels are required to be added into a sintering material during melt compatibility, and if the auxiliary materials and the fuels are added into a melting furnace at one time, the mixture in the melting furnace is not uniformly combusted, so that the melting effect is influenced; second, the slag after smelting is because the temperature is too high, carry the slag-tap basin through arranging the sediment pipeline with the slag under the general condition, the waste residue in the slag-tap basin passes through the transfer chain again and carries the slag-tap station, adopt natural cooling's mode to cool down high temperature slag promptly, not only the cooling rate is slow, the area occupied of transfer chain is big, and the in-process that carries at high temperature slag can cause certain destruction to transmission device, make life shorten, the in-process of transmission is because the heat dissipation capacity of slag is big, it is poor to make the manual operation environment.
Therefore, the existing treatment process of the electroplating sludge has more defects, so that the amount of the refined alloy and slag is small, the available components are few, the labor intensity of workers is high, and the working environment is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an electroplating sludge treatment system and method, wherein sintering materials are screened before melting and proportioning, the sintering materials which do not meet the particle size requirement are subjected to circulating granulation and sintering, the sintering materials which meet the particle size requirement are mixed with other melting auxiliary materials to obtain a mixture, and the mixture and fuel are paved in a melting furnace in a layered manner, so that the material distribution is more uniform, the melting process is more stable, and more alloy and water-quenched slag can be extracted.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the electroplating sludge treatment system comprises a granulation sintering device, a sintering material screening device, a melting auxiliary material compatibility device, a feeding device and a slag dragging device which are sequentially connected, wherein the granulation sintering device is connected with the sintering material screening device through a zipper machine, the sintering material screening device comprises a screening hopper, a sintering fine material bin and a sintering coarse material bin, the sintering fine material in the screening hopper is conveyed to the granulation sintering device through the sintering fine material bin for circulating granulation and sintering, the sintering coarse material in the screening hopper enters the melting auxiliary material compatibility device through the sintering coarse material bin, a mixture formed by mixing the sintering coarse material and the melting auxiliary material and a fuel are layered and paved in a melting furnace through the feeding device, and the upper end of a furnace cylinder of the melting furnace is connected with the slag dragging device.
Furthermore, the granulation and sintering equipment comprises a raw material compatibility device, a mechanical granulation device and a sintering granulation device which are sequentially connected, and the sintering granulation device is connected with the sintered material screening equipment through a zipper machine.
Further, the raw material compatibility device comprises a sludge bin, a fuel bin and a limestone bin, the mechanical granulation device comprises a scattering machine and a granulator, the discharge ports of the sludge bin, the fuel bin and the limestone bin are provided with cut-off valves, a metering scale is arranged below the discharge port, the sludge bin, the fuel bin and the limestone bin are respectively connected with the scattering machine through transmission pipelines, and the scattering machine is connected with the sintering granulation device through the granulator.
Furthermore, the sintering granulation device comprises a sintering furnace, a feeding mechanism and a discharging scraper-trough conveyer, wherein a feeding guide plate is arranged at a furnace opening of the sintering furnace, a discharging hopper is arranged above the feeding guide plate, the feeding mechanism connected with one end of the feeding guide plate is arranged above the discharging hopper so as to realize the opening and closing of the feeding guide plate, and the discharging scraper-trough conveyer is arranged at a discharge opening of the sintering furnace.
Furthermore, the feeding mechanism comprises a motor I, a steel wire rope and a pulley block, an output shaft of the motor I is connected with the pulley block through the steel wire rope, and a pulley positioned above the feeding guide plate in the pulley block is connected with one end of the feeding guide plate through the steel wire rope; and a pressure difference material level instrument is connected between the discharge port of the sintering furnace and the discharging chute, and is electrically connected with the motor I through a PLC.
Further, melting auxiliary material compatibility of equipment includes feed bin, quartz lower feed bin, lime stone lower feed bin, iron powder lower feed bin, band conveyer and draws zipper machine under the fuel, and the discharge gate department of each feed bin all is provided with the trip valve down, and the below of each feed bin discharge gate sets up the weigher respectively, the below of weigher sets up band conveyer, band conveyer links to each other with feeding equipment through drawing zipper machine.
Furthermore, the feeding equipment comprises a mixture buffer bin, a fuel buffer bin, a running track and a distribution trolley, wherein the outlet of the belt conveyor is communicated with the inlets of the mixture buffer bin and the fuel buffer bin through a three-way pipeline, two branch pipes of the three-way pipeline are respectively provided with a stop valve, the outlet of the mixture buffer bin is provided with a stop valve and a metering scale, the running track is arranged below the metering scale and is in sliding connection with the distribution trolley, and a melting furnace is arranged below the running track.
Furthermore, an opening is formed in the upper end of the distribution trolley, and a discharge port in the lower end of the distribution trolley is movably connected with a drawing plate through a driving unit; the bottom of the material distribution trolley is provided with a plurality of driving wheels in sliding fit with the running track, and one driving wheel is connected with a motor II; the running track is close to an outlet of the fuel buffer bin and an inlet of the melting furnace and is provided with a position sensor I and a position sensor II respectively, the position sensor I is connected with a motor II through a PLC, and the position sensor II is connected with a driving unit and the motor II through the PLC.
Furthermore, the slag dragging equipment comprises a slag dragging machine, a water-quenched slag collecting pool and a high-pressure water circulating pipeline, the upper end of the furnace cylinder is connected with a slag inlet of the slag dragging machine through a slag chute, a slag outlet of the slag dragging machine is connected with the water-quenched slag collecting pool, a water storage pit is arranged in the water-quenched slag collecting pool, and the water storage pit is connected with the slag dragging machine through the high-pressure water circulating pipeline to provide circulating high-pressure water for water quenching of high-temperature slag; the high-pressure water circulation pipeline comprises a slag flushing pump, a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe, the water inlet pipe is connected with the slag flushing pump, one end of the water inlet pipe is connected with a water outlet of the water storage pit, the other end of the water inlet pipe is connected with a water inlet of the slag conveyor, one end of the water outlet pipe is connected with the water outlet of the slag conveyor, and the other end of the water outlet pipe is connected with the water inlet of the water storage pit.
The electroplating sludge treatment method applying the electroplating sludge treatment system comprises the following steps:
1) ingredients
Conveying 70-75 wt% of sludge containing 60-70% of water, 5-10 wt% of coal powder and 20-25 wt% of limestone powder to a scattering machine for uniform mixing, scattering and crushing to obtain a mixed material with the water content of 65-70%;
2) granulating
Conveying the mixed material to a granulator for granulation to obtain a spherical mixture with the diameter of 2-4 mm, conveying the spherical mixture to a sintering furnace for sintering at the sintering temperature of 1000-1100 ℃ for 4-6 h to form a honeycomb-shaped sintered material block after sintering;
3) screening of sinter
Scattering sintered material blocks, conveying the scattered sintered material blocks into a screening hopper, conveying sintered fine materials with the diameter smaller than 30mm in the screening hopper into a sintered fine material bin, conveying the sintered fine materials in the sintered fine material bin into granulation sintering equipment again for circular granulation and sintering, and conveying sintered coarse materials with the diameter not smaller than 30mm in the screening hopper into a sintered coarse material bin and then into melting auxiliary material compatibility equipment;
4) compatible delivery of molten adjuncts
Respectively putting carbon blocks, quartz stone, limestone and iron powder into each discharging bin, after weighing by a weigher, respectively conveying the quartz stone, the limestone and the iron powder with the weight percentages of 7% -9%, 1% -3% and 22% -24% onto a zipper machine to be mixed with the sintered coarse material and conveyed into a mixture buffer bin, and then conveying 12% -18% of the total weight of the carbon blocks into a fuel buffer bin;
5) feeding of molten auxiliary material
Weighing the mixture by a metering scale below the mixture buffer bin, and sequentially conveying the quantitative carbon blocks and the quantitative mixture into the melting furnace layer by layer for multiple times by a material distribution trolley to uniformly distribute the material;
6) high temperature melting
Carrying out high-temperature melting on the mixed material by using an ore-smelting electric furnace or a blast furnace, wherein the melting temperature is 1200-1400 ℃, and the time is 20-25 min;
7) discharging and deslagging
And (2) periodically discharging the molten alloy melt and the slag from the furnace hearth, casting the alloy melt to form a copper-nickel-iron alloy, naturally cooling the copper-nickel-iron alloy for sale, and collecting the slag which is water-quenched into water-quenched slag with 85% of glass body after passing through slag dragging equipment to a water-quenched slag collecting pool to be used as a cement raw material.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the sludge, the coal powder and the limestone powder are mixed and then granulated, the granulated mixture is sintered, the sintered material is screened after sintering, the sintered material with the smaller particle size returns to be circularly granulated and sintered, the sintered material meeting the particle size requirement is mixed with other melting auxiliary materials to obtain a mixed material, and the mixed material and fuel are paved in a melting furnace in a layered mode, so that the material distribution is more uniform, the melting process is more stable, and more alloy and water quenching slag can be extracted.
2. The invention mixes the sludge, the coal powder fuel and the limestone powder according to a certain proportion, can absorb the water in the sludge by adding a certain amount of the limestone powder, reduces the water content of the mixture without drying the mixture, puts the mixture into a scattering machine for uniform mixing and then granulating, conveys the mixture into a sintering furnace for sintering after the granulation is finished to obtain a honeycomb-shaped sintering material block, and makes the obtained sintering material easier to burn by granulating twice.
3. The feeding deflector of fritting furnace burner department passes through I output shaft of motor and rotates and twine wire rope, make and pass through the pulley that wire rope links to each other with the feeding deflector and rise or descend, thereby the opening and closing of feeding deflector have been accomplished, pressure differential charge level appearance is through the discharge gate of fritting furnace and the material level in the swift current of unloading that atmospheric pressure between the swift current of unloading changes and judge the discharge gate of fritting furnace in good time and the swift current of unloading, after the material level risees to a definite value, PLC reduces through the import of control feeding deflector, thereby can reduce the mixed material who gets into in the fritting furnace, make the sintering more abundant, prevent that the discharge gate of fritting furnace from producing the problem of putty.
4. The feeding equipment is moved back and forth on the running track by the distributing trolley, so that the distributing trolley is accurately positioned, quantitatively receives materials and unloads the materials, the automation degree of distributing is improved, and the cost of manual distributing is reduced.
5. The slag dragging equipment inputs high-pressure water into the slag dragging machine through the slag flushing pump, the high-pressure water is used for instantly water quenching the slag, the rapidly cooled water quenched slag is conveyed into the water quenched slag collecting pool by the slag dragging machine, the cooling efficiency of the slag is improved, the water in the slag dragging machine is continuously circulated, the water with high temperature flows into the water storage pit for cooling and recycling, and the cooling effect is better.
In conclusion, the method provided by the invention has the advantages that the sintering material is screened after being discharged smoothly, the sintering material which does not meet the requirement of the particle size is granulated circularly, the sintering material which meets the requirement is mixed with auxiliary materials to form a molten mixture, and the mixture and fuel are laid in the melting furnace layer by layer, so that the material distribution is more uniform, the molten combustion is more sufficient, the quality of the recovered copper ingot and the water-quenched slag is better, the cooling effect of the upper-layer slag obtained by melting is good, and the recovery efficiency is higher.
Drawings
The contents of the expressions in the various figures of the present specification and the labels in the figures are briefly described as follows:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an electroplating sludge treatment system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the sintering granulation device in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the cloth carriage of FIG. 1;
the labels in the above figures are: 1. a granulation sintering device, 11 raw material compatibility devices, 111 sludge bins, 112 fuel bins, 113 limestone bins, 12 mechanical granulation devices, 121 loosening machines, 122 granulating machines, 13 sintering granulation devices, 131 sintering furnaces, 132 feeding mechanisms, 133 discharging chutes, 134 feeding guide plates, 135 discharging hoppers, 136 differential pressure level meters, 2 sintering material screening devices, 21 screening hoppers, 22 sintering fine bins, 23 sintering coarse bins, 3 melting auxiliary material compatibility devices, 31 fuel discharging bins, 32 quartz stone discharging bins, 33 limestone discharging bins, 34 iron powder discharging bins, 4 feeding devices, 41 mixture buffer bins, 42 fuel buffer bins, 43 running rails, 44 material distribution trolleys, 441 driving units, 442 drawing plates, 443 driving wheels, 444 motors II, 45 tee pipelines, 46 position sensors, 47. the device comprises a position sensor II, 5 slag dragging equipment, 51 slag dragging machine, 52 water quenching slag collecting pool, 53 high-pressure water circulating pipeline, 531 slag flushing pump, 532 water inlet pipe, 533 water outlet pipe, 54 slag chute, 55 water storage pit and 6 melting furnace.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and the following embodiments are used for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The specific implementation scheme of the invention is as follows: as shown in fig. 1, an electroplating sludge treatment system comprises a granulation sintering device 1, a sintered material screening device 2, a melting auxiliary material compatibility device 3, a feeding device 4 and a slag dragging device 5 which are connected in sequence, wherein the granulation sintering device 1 is connected with the sintered material screening device 2 through a zipper machine, the sintered material screening device 2 comprises a screening hopper 21, a sintering fine material bin 22 and a sintering coarse material bin 23, the sintering fine material in the screening hopper 21 is conveyed to the granulation sintering device 1 through the sintering fine material bin 22 for circular granulation and sintering, the sintering coarse material in the screening hopper 21 enters the melting auxiliary material compatibility device 3 through the sintering coarse material bin 23, a mixture formed by mixing the sintering coarse material and the melting auxiliary material is layered and laid in a melting furnace 6 through the feeding device 4 together with fuel, so that the material distribution is more uniform, the melting process is more stable, the upper end of a furnace cylinder of the melting furnace 6 is connected with the slag dragging device 5, the slag at the upper end of the furnace hearth is recycled by slag dragging equipment 5.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the granulation sintering apparatus 1 includes a raw material compatibility device 11, a mechanical granulation device 12, and a sintering granulation device 13, which are connected in sequence, the sintering granulation device 13 is connected with the sintering material sieving apparatus 2 through a zipper machine, so that the raw materials are mixed in proportion, mechanically granulated to form a spherical mixture, then sintered and granulated, and a honeycomb-shaped sintering block is obtained after sintering, and the obtained sintering material is easier to burn through twice granulation.
Wherein the raw material compatibility device 11 comprises a sludge bin 111, a fuel bin 112 and a limestone bin 113, the mechanical granulation device 12 comprises a breaking machine 121 and a granulator 122, discharge ports of the sludge bin 111, the fuel bin 112 and the limestone bin 113 are provided with a cut-off valve, a metering scale is arranged below the discharge port and is connected with the cut-off valve through a PLC (programmable logic controller) for controlling the feeding amount of raw materials, the sludge bin 111, the fuel bin 112 and the limestone bin 113 are respectively connected with the breaking machine 121 through transmission pipelines, the breaking machine 121 is connected with the sintering granulation device 13 through the granulator 122, sludge, pulverized coal fuel and limestone powder are mixed according to a certain proportion, moisture in the sludge can be absorbed by adding a certain amount of the limestone powder, SO that the moisture in the mixture is reduced, the mixture does not need to be dried, and because a proper amount of the limestone powder is added into the pulverized coal, SO generated during the combustion of sulfur-containing pulverized coal can be converted into solid CaSO for emission, the desulfurization effect is achieved, and the pollution problem of the mixture in the sintering process is reduced.
As shown in fig. 2, the sintering and pelletizing device 13 includes a sintering furnace 131, a feeding mechanism 132 and a discharge chute 133, wherein a feeding guide plate 134 is disposed at a furnace opening of the sintering furnace 131, a discharge hopper 135 is disposed above the feeding guide plate 134, the feeding mechanism 132 connected to one end of the feeding guide plate 134 is disposed above the discharge hopper 135 to realize opening and closing of the feeding guide plate 134, and the discharge chute 133 is disposed at a discharge opening of the sintering furnace 131.
The feeding mechanism 132 comprises a motor I, a steel wire rope and a pulley block, an output shaft of the motor I is connected with the pulley block through the steel wire rope, a pulley positioned above a feeding guide plate 134 in the pulley block is connected with one end of the feeding guide plate 134 through the steel wire rope, a differential pressure material level instrument 136 is connected between a discharging port of the sintering furnace 131 and a discharging scraper-trough conveyer 133, the differential pressure material level instrument 136 is electrically connected with the motor I through a PLC, the feeding guide plate 134 rotates through the output shaft of the motor I and winds the steel wire rope, so that the pulley connected with the feeding guide plate 134 through the steel wire rope ascends or descends, the opening and closing of the feeding guide plate 134 are completed, the differential pressure material level instrument 136 timely judges a material level in the discharging port of the sintering furnace 131 and the discharging scraper-trough conveyer 133 through the air pressure change between the discharging port of the sintering furnace and the discharging scraper-trough conveyer 133, and the PLC controls the, thereby can reduce the mixed material that gets into in the fritting furnace 131, make the sintering more abundant, prevent that the discharge gate of fritting furnace from producing the problem of putty.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the melting auxiliary material compatibility device 3 includes a fuel discharging bin 31, a quartz discharging bin 32, a limestone discharging bin 33, an iron powder discharging bin 34, a belt conveyor and a zipper machine, a discharge port of each discharging bin is provided with a cut-off valve, a weighing scale is arranged below a discharge port of each discharging bin and is connected with the cut-off valve through a PLC, when the weight of each material in each discharging bin reaches the required weight, the weighing scale transmits a weight signal to the PLC, the PLC controls the cut-off valve to close, and the discharging is stopped, so that the proportion of each auxiliary material is more accurate; the belt conveyor is arranged below the metering scale and is connected with the feeding equipment 4 through the zipper machine, the sealing protective cover is arranged above the belt conveyor, the zipper machine is of a sealed structure, and the feeding port of the feeding equipment 4 is connected with the bag type dust collector through a pipeline, so that the whole-process sealed conveying of the mixture is realized, and the field environment is improved.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 3, the feeding device 4 includes a mixture buffer bin 41, a fuel buffer bin 42, a running rail 43 and a distributing trolley 44, an outlet of the belt conveyor is communicated with inlets of the mixture buffer bin 41 and the fuel buffer bin 42 through a three-way pipe 45, two branch pipes of the three-way pipe 45 are respectively provided with a cut-off valve, the mixture and the fuel can respectively enter the mixture buffer bin 41 and the fuel buffer bin 42 in sequence by controlling the sequential opening of the two cut-off valves, an outlet of the mixture buffer bin 41 is provided with a cut-off valve and a metering scale, the running rail 43 is arranged below the metering scale, the running rail 43 is connected with the distributing trolley 44 in a sliding manner, a melting furnace 6 is arranged below the running rail 43, the mixture enters the distributing trolley 44 after being weighed, the distributing trolley 44 is thrown into the melting furnace 6 and returns after running on the running rail 43, then the weighed carbon blocks enter the material distribution trolley 44, the material distribution trolley 44 runs on the running track 43 and then is thrown into the melting furnace 6 and returns, and the process is repeated in this way, and certainly, the carbon blocks can be laid at the bottommost part of the melting furnace 6 firstly, and then the mixture is laid, so that the mixture and the carbon blocks are layered and distributed in the melting furnace 6, the material distribution is more uniform, the melting combustion is more sufficient, and the quality of the recovered copper ingot and the water quenching slag is better.
The upper end opening of the material distribution trolley 44 is arranged, the discharge port at the lower end of the material distribution trolley 44 is movably connected with a drawing plate 442 through a driving unit 441, the driving unit 441 can be arranged as an air cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder and an electric push rod, and the driving unit 441 can drive the drawing plate 442 to move so as to close or open the discharge port; the bottom of the distributing trolley 44 is provided with a plurality of driving wheels 443 in sliding fit with the running track 43, wherein one driving wheel 443 is connected with a motor II 444, and the distributing trolley 44 is driven by the motor II 444 to slide back and forth on the running track 43; a position sensor I46 and a position sensor II 47 are respectively arranged at an outlet of the running track 43 close to the fuel buffer bin 42 and an inlet of the melting furnace 6, the position sensor I46 is connected with a motor II 444 through a PLC (programmable logic controller) to control the cloth trolley 44 to stop and receive materials for a period of time and then move towards the melting furnace 6, the position sensor II 47 is connected with a driving unit 441 and the motor II 444 through the PLC to control the cloth trolley 44 to stop, simultaneously, the driving unit 441 drives the drawing plate 442 to move to open the discharge hole, after a period of feeding, the driving unit 441 drives the drawing plate 442 to move reversely to close the discharge hole, and the motor II 444 controls the cloth trolley 44 to move towards the fuel buffer bin 42, so that automatic cloth operation is realized, and labor cost is reduced.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the slag dragging equipment 5 includes a slag dragging machine 51, a water-quenched slag collecting pool 52 and a high-pressure water circulating pipeline 53, the upper end of the furnace hearth is connected with a slag inlet of the slag dragging machine 51 through a slag chute 54, the slag outlet of the slag dragging machine 51 is connected with the water-quenched slag collecting pool 52, a water storage pit 55 is arranged in the water-quenched slag collecting pool 52, the water storage pit 55 is connected with the slag dragging machine 51 through the high-pressure water circulating pipeline 53 to provide circulating high-pressure water for water quenching of high-temperature slag, the slag is instantly water quenched by using the high-pressure water, and the slag dragging machine 51 conveys the rapidly cooled water-quenched slag into the water-quenched slag collecting pool 52, so that the cooling efficiency of the slag is improved, and the water in the slag dragging machine 51 is continuously circulated, and the high-temperature water flows into the water storage pit 55 to be cooled and.
The high-pressure water circulation pipeline 53 comprises a slag flushing pump 531, a water inlet pipe 532 and a water outlet pipe 533, the water inlet pipe 532 is connected with the slag flushing pump 531, one end of the water inlet pipe 532 is connected with a water outlet of the water storage pit 55, the other end of the water inlet pipe 532 is connected with a water inlet of the slag salvaging machine 51, one end of the water outlet pipe 533 is connected with a water outlet of the slag salvaging machine 51, the other end of the water outlet pipe 533 is connected with a water inlet of the water storage pit 55, the water in the slag salvaging machine 51 can be cooled circularly by opening the slag flushing pump.
The process for treating the electroplating sludge by using the electroplating sludge treatment system comprises the following steps:
1) ingredients
Conveying 70-75 wt% of sludge containing 60-70% of water, 5-10 wt% of coal powder and 20-25 wt% of limestone powder to a breaker 121 for uniform mixing, and breaking up and crushing to obtain a mixed material with the water content of 65-70%;
2) granulating
Conveying the mixed material to a granulator 122 for granulation to obtain a spherical mixture with the diameter of 2-4 mm, conveying the spherical mixture to a sintering furnace 131 for sintering at the sintering temperature of 1000-1100 ℃ for 4-6 h to form a honeycomb-shaped sintering material block after sintering;
3) screening of sinter
Scattering sintered blocks, conveying the scattered sintered blocks into a screening hopper 21, conveying sintered fine materials with the diameter smaller than 30mm in the screening hopper 21 into a sintered fine material bin 22, conveying the sintered fine materials in the sintered fine material bin 22 to granulation and sintering equipment 1 again for circular granulation and sintering, conveying sintered coarse materials with the diameter not smaller than 30mm in the screening hopper 21 into a sintered coarse material bin 23, and conveying the sintered coarse materials into melting auxiliary material compatibility equipment 3;
4) compatible delivery of molten adjuncts
Respectively putting carbon blocks, quartz stone, limestone and iron powder into each discharging bin, after weighing by a weigher, respectively conveying the quartz stone, the limestone and the iron powder with the weight percentages of 7% -9%, 1% -3% and 22% -24% onto a zipper machine to be mixed with the sintered coarse material and conveyed into a mixture buffer bin 41, and then conveying the carbon blocks with the weight percentages of 12% -18% into a fuel buffer bin 42;
5) feeding of molten auxiliary material
The metering scale below the mixture buffer bin 41 is used for weighing the mixture, and the quantitative carbon blocks and the quantitative mixture are sequentially conveyed into the melting furnace 6 in layers for multiple times through the material distribution trolley 44 for uniform material distribution;
6) high temperature melting
Carrying out high-temperature melting on the mixed material by using an ore-smelting electric furnace or a blast furnace, wherein the melting temperature is 1200-1400 ℃, and the time is 20-25 min;
7) discharging and deslagging
And (3) periodically discharging the molten alloy melt and the slag from the furnace hearth, casting the alloy melt to form the copper-nickel-iron alloy, naturally cooling the copper-nickel-iron alloy for sale, and collecting the slag which is water-quenched into water-quenched slag with 85% of glass body after passing through a slag dragging device 5 into a water-quenched slag collecting pool 52 to be used as a cement raw material.
In conclusion, the method provided by the invention has the advantages that the sintering material is screened after being discharged smoothly, the sintering material which does not meet the requirement of the particle size is granulated circularly, the sintering material which meets the requirement is mixed with auxiliary materials to form a molten mixture, and the mixture and fuel are laid in the melting furnace layer by layer, so that the material distribution is more uniform, the molten combustion is more sufficient, the quality of the recovered copper ingot and the water-quenched slag is better, the cooling effect of the upper-layer slag obtained by melting is good, and the recovery efficiency is higher.
While the foregoing is directed to the principles of the present invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow.
Claims (10)
1. The electroplating sludge treatment system is characterized by comprising a granulation sintering device (1), a sintering material screening device (2), a melting auxiliary material compatibility device (3), a feeding device (4) and a slag dragging device (5) which are sequentially connected, wherein the granulation sintering device (1) is connected with the sintering material screening device (2) through a zipper machine, the sintering material screening device (2) comprises a screening hopper (21), a sintering fine material bin (22) and a sintering coarse material bin (23), sintering fine materials in the screening hopper (21) are conveyed to the granulation sintering device (1) through the sintering fine material bin (22) for circular granulation sintering, sintering coarse materials in the screening hopper (21) enter the melting auxiliary material compatibility device (3) through the sintering coarse material bin (23), and mixed materials formed by mixing the sintering coarse materials and the melting auxiliary materials and fuel are paved in a melting furnace (6) layer by layer through the feeding device (4), the upper end of the furnace hearth of the melting furnace (6) is connected with the slag dragging equipment (5).
2. The electroplating sludge treatment system according to claim 1, wherein: the granulating and sintering equipment (1) comprises a raw material compatibility device (11), a mechanical granulating device (12) and a sintering granulating device (13) which are sequentially connected, and the sintering granulating device (13) is connected with the sintering material screening equipment (2) through a zipper machine.
3. The electroplating sludge treatment system according to claim 2, wherein: the raw material compatibility device (11) comprises a sludge bin (111), a fuel bin (112) and a limestone bin (113), the mechanical granulation device (12) comprises a scattering machine (121) and a granulator (122), a cut-off valve is arranged at a discharge port of the sludge bin (111), the fuel bin (112) and the limestone bin (113), a metering scale is arranged below the discharge port, the sludge bin (111), the fuel bin (112) and the limestone bin (113) are respectively connected with the scattering machine (121) through transmission pipelines, and the scattering machine (121) is connected with the sintering granulation device (13) through the granulator (122).
4. The electroplating sludge treatment system according to claim 2, wherein: the sintering and granulating device (13) comprises a sintering furnace (131), a feeding mechanism (132) and a discharging scraper-trough conveyer (133), wherein a feeding guide plate (134) is arranged at a furnace opening of the sintering furnace (131), a discharging hopper (135) is arranged above the feeding guide plate (134), the feeding mechanism (132) connected with one end of the feeding guide plate (134) is arranged above the discharging hopper (135) to realize the opening and closing of the feeding guide plate (134), and the discharging scraper-trough conveyer (133) is arranged at a discharging opening of the sintering furnace (131).
5. The electroplating sludge treatment system according to claim 4, wherein: the feeding mechanism (132) comprises a motor I, a steel wire rope and a pulley block, an output shaft of the motor I is connected with the pulley block through the steel wire rope, and a pulley in the pulley block, which is positioned above the feeding guide plate (134), is connected with one end of the feeding guide plate (134) through the steel wire rope; a pressure difference material level instrument (136) is connected between a discharge hole of the sintering furnace (131) and the discharging chute (133), and the pressure difference material level instrument (136) is electrically connected with the motor I through a PLC.
6. The electroplating sludge treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: melting auxiliary material compatibility equipment (3) feed bin (31) under feed bin (32), lime stone under feed bin (33), iron powder under feed bin (34), band conveyer and the machine of drawing a zipper under fuel, the discharge gate department of each feed bin all is provided with the trip valve down, and the below of each feed bin discharge gate sets up the weigher respectively down, the below of weigher sets up band conveyer, band conveyer links to each other with feeding equipment (4) through drawing a zipper machine.
7. The electroplating sludge treatment system according to claim 6, wherein: the feeding equipment (4) comprises a mixture buffer bin (41), a fuel buffer bin (42), a running track (43) and a distributing trolley (44), wherein the outlet of the belt conveyor is communicated with the inlets of the mixture buffer bin (41) and the fuel buffer bin (42) through a three-way pipeline (45), two branch pipes of the three-way pipeline (45) are respectively provided with a stop valve, the outlet of the mixture buffer bin (41) is provided with a stop valve and a metering scale, the running track (43) is arranged below the metering scale, the running track (43) is in sliding connection with the distributing trolley (44), and the melting furnace (6) is arranged below the running track (43).
8. The electroplating sludge treatment system according to claim 7, wherein: an opening is formed in the upper end of the material distribution trolley (44), and a drawing plate (442) is movably connected to a material outlet at the lower end of the material distribution trolley (44) through a driving unit (441); the bottom of the material distribution trolley (44) is provided with a plurality of driving wheels (443) in sliding fit with the running track (43), and one driving wheel (443) is connected with a motor II (444); the operating track (43) is close to the outlet of the fuel buffer bin (42) and the inlet of the melting furnace (6) and is respectively provided with a position sensor I (46) and a position sensor II (47), the position sensor I (46) is connected with a motor II (444) through a PLC, and the position sensor II (47) is connected with a driving unit (441) and the motor II (444) through the PLC.
9. The electroplating sludge treatment system according to claim 6, wherein: the slag salvaging device (5) comprises a slag salvaging machine (51), a water-quenched slag collecting pool (52) and a high-pressure water circulating pipeline (53), the upper end of the furnace cylinder is connected with a slag inlet of the slag salvaging machine (51) through a slag chute (54), a slag outlet of the slag salvaging machine (51) is connected with the water-quenched slag collecting pool (52), a water storage pit (55) is arranged in the water-quenched slag collecting pool (52), and the water storage pit (55) is connected with the slag salvaging machine (51) through the high-pressure water circulating pipeline (53) to provide circulating high-pressure water for high-temperature slag water quenching; the high-pressure water circulating pipeline (53) comprises a slag flushing pump (531), a water inlet pipe (532) and a water outlet pipe (533), the water inlet pipe (532) is connected with the slag flushing pump (531), one end of the water inlet pipe (532) is connected with a water outlet of a water storage pit (55), the other end of the water inlet pipe (532) is connected with a water inlet of the slag dragging machine (51), one end of the water outlet pipe (533) is connected with a water outlet of the slag dragging machine (51), and the other end of the water outlet pipe (533) is connected with a water inlet of the water storage pit (55).
10. An electroplating sludge treatment method using the electroplating sludge treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
1) ingredients
Conveying 70-75 wt% of sludge containing 60-70% of water, 5-10 wt% of coal powder and 20-25 wt% of limestone powder to a scattering machine (121) for uniform mixing, scattering and crushing to obtain a mixed material with the water content of 65-70%;
2) granulating
Conveying the mixed material to a granulator (122) for granulation to obtain a spherical mixture with the diameter of 2-4 mm, conveying the spherical mixture to a sintering furnace (131) for sintering at the sintering temperature of 1000-1100 ℃ for 4-6 h to form a honeycomb-shaped sintered material block after sintering;
3) screening of sinter
The sintering material blocks are scattered and then conveyed into a screening hopper (21), sintering fine materials with the diameter smaller than 30mm in the screening hopper (21) enter a sintering fine material bin (22), the sintering fine materials in the sintering fine material bin (22) are conveyed to granulation sintering equipment (1) again for circular granulation and sintering, and sintering coarse materials with the diameter not smaller than 30mm in the screening hopper (21) enter a sintering coarse material bin (23) and then are conveyed into melting auxiliary material matching equipment (3);
4) compatible delivery of molten adjuncts
Respectively putting carbon blocks, quartz stone, limestone and iron powder into each discharging bin, after weighing by a weigher, respectively conveying the quartz stone, the limestone and the iron powder with the weight percentages of 7% -9%, 1% -3% and 22% -24% onto a zipper machine to be mixed with the sintered coarse materials and conveyed into a mixture buffer bin (41), and then conveying 12% -18% of the total weight of the carbon blocks into a fuel buffer bin (42);
5) feeding of molten auxiliary material
The metering scale below the mixture buffer bin (41) is used for weighing the mixture, and the quantitative carbon blocks and the quantitative mixture are sequentially conveyed into the melting furnace (6) in layers for multiple times through the material distribution trolley (44) for uniform material distribution;
6) high temperature melting
Carrying out high-temperature melting on the mixed material by using an ore-smelting electric furnace or a blast furnace, wherein the melting temperature is 1200-1400 ℃, and the time is 20-25 min;
7) discharging and deslagging
And the molten alloy melt and the slag are periodically discharged from the furnace hearth, the alloy melt is cast to form a copper-nickel-iron alloy, the copper-nickel-iron alloy is naturally cooled and sold, the slag is water-quenched into water-quenched slag with 85 percent of glass body after passing through slag dragging equipment (5), and the water-quenched slag is collected into a water-quenched slag collecting pool (52) to be used as a cement raw material.
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