CN110931672B - 电池模块、包括电池模块的电池组和包括电池组的车辆 - Google Patents

电池模块、包括电池模块的电池组和包括电池组的车辆 Download PDF

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CN110931672B
CN110931672B CN201910851366.2A CN201910851366A CN110931672B CN 110931672 B CN110931672 B CN 110931672B CN 201910851366 A CN201910851366 A CN 201910851366A CN 110931672 B CN110931672 B CN 110931672B
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battery
cover frame
cell assembly
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柳正彬
姜达模
权敏镐
文祯晤
柳在旭
李订勋
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Lg Energy Solution
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/28—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the electric energy storing means, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0413—Large-sized flat cells or batteries for motive or stationary systems with plate-like electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/211—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for pouch cells
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    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
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    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/242—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries against vibrations, collision impact or swelling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/91—Electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/92—Hybrid vehicles
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    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种电池模块、包括电池模块的电池组和包括电池组的车辆，所述电池模块包括：电池单元组件，所述电池单元组件具有彼此堆叠的多个电池单元；成对的端板，所述成对的端板设置在电池单元组件的两侧处；和盖框架，所述盖框架联接到所述成对的端板，以覆盖电池单元组件，当多个电池单元膨胀时，所述盖框架沿着多个电池单元的膨胀方向变形。

Description

电池模块、包括电池模块的电池组和包括电池组的车辆
技术领域
本公开涉及一种电池模块、一种包括电池模块的电池组和一种包括电池组的车辆。
本申请要求在2018年9月20日在韩国提交的韩国专利申请No.10-2018-0113243的优先权，其公开内容通过引用合并于本文。
背景技术
二次电池高度适用于各种产品，并且呈现诸如高能量密度等优异电气特性，因此其不仅通常用在便携式装置中，而且也通常用在由电源驱动的电动车辆(EV)或混合动力电动车辆(HEV)中。由于能够大大减少化石燃料的使用，并且在能量消耗期间不会产生副产品，因此作为提高环境友好性和能源效率的新能源，二次电池受到关注。
目前广泛使用的二次电池包括锂离子电池、锂聚合物电池、镍镉电池、镍氢电池、镍锌电池等。单位二次电池单元、即单位电池单元的工作电压约为2.5V至4.5V。因此，如果需要更高的输出电压，则可以串联连接多个电池单元以构造电池组。另外，根据电池组所需的充电/放电容量，多个电池单元可以被并联连接以构造电池组。因此，可以根据所需的输出电压或要求的充电/放电容量来不同地设定包括在电池组中的电池单元的数目。
同时，当多个电池单元被串联或并联连接以构造电池组时，通常首先构造具有至少一个电池单元的电池模块，然后通过使用至少一个电池模块并添加其他构件来构造电池组。
如果传统的电池模块或电池组被长时间使用，则电池单元发生膨胀，从而逐渐增加内部挤压力。因此，电池单元或用于容纳电池单元的盖框架受到损坏。
因此，需要寻找一种电池模块、一种包括该电池模块的电池组和一种包括该电池组的车辆，该电池模块可以防止盖框架或电池单元在电池单元膨胀时受到损坏。
发明内容
技术问题
本公开旨在提供一种电池模块、一种包括该电池模块的电池组和一种包括该电池组的车辆，该电池模块可以防止盖框架在电池单元膨胀时受到损坏。
此外，本公开还旨在提供一种电池模块、一种包括该电池模块的电池组和一种包括该电池组的车辆，该电池模块可以防止电池单元框架在电池单元膨胀时受到损坏。
技术方案
在本公开的一个方面中，提供了一种电池模块，包括：电池单元组件，该电池单元组件具有彼此堆叠的多个电池单元；成对的端板，所述成对的端板设置在电池单元组件的两侧处；和盖框架，该盖框架联接到所述成对的端板，以覆盖电池单元组件，当多个电池单元膨胀时，盖框架沿着多个电池单元的膨胀方向变形。
多个电池单元的膨胀方向可以是朝向电池单元组件的两侧的方向，并且盖框架可以具有弹性变形部，当多个电池单元膨胀时，该弹性变形部在朝向电池单元组件的两侧的方向上弹性变形。
弹性变形部可以沿着电池单元组件的纵向方向形成有预定长度，并且被设置为多个，使得多个弹性变形部沿着朝向电池单元组件的两侧的方向彼此隔开预定距离。
多个弹性变形部可以被形成为从盖框架以凸状突出，并且在盖框架的内侧处以凹状形成。
当多个电池单元发生膨胀时，多个弹性变形部可以发生弹性变形，以沿着朝向盖框架的两侧的方向变平。
弹性变形部可以具有呈预定尺寸的凹槽形状，并且被设置为多个，使得多个弹性变形部沿着电池单元组件的纵向方向彼此隔开预定距离。
该多个弹性变形部可以包括：中心凹槽，该中心凹槽形成在盖框架的中心处，以沿着盖框架的前后方向以凸状形成；前边缘凹槽，该前边缘凹槽与中心凹槽隔开，并被设置在盖框架的前边缘处；多个前凹槽，所述多个前凹槽布置在前边缘凹槽和中心凹槽之间，并且沿着盖框架的前后方向彼此隔开预定距离，并且朝向盖框架的前侧以凸状形成；多个后凹槽，所述多个后凹槽被布置成面对该多个前凹槽，并且中心凹槽被置于所述多个后凹槽与多个前凹槽之间，所述多个后凹槽朝向盖框架的后侧以凸状形成；和后边缘凹槽，所述后边缘凹槽与多个后凹槽隔开，并被设置在盖框架的后边缘处。
当多个电池单元发生膨胀时，中心凹槽、前边缘凹槽、多个前凹槽、多个后凹槽和后边缘凹槽可以发生弹性变形，以沿着朝向盖框架的两侧的方向变平。
此外，本公开提供了一种电池组，包括：至少一个根据以上实施例的电池模块；和被构造为封装该至少一个电池模块的电池组壳体。
此外，本公开提供一种车辆，该车辆包括至少一个根据以上实施例的电池组。
有利的效果
根据如上的各种实施例，能够提供一种电池模块、一种包括该电池模块的电池组和一种包括该电池组的车辆，该电池模块可以防止盖框架在电池单元膨胀时受到损坏。
此外，根据如上的各种实施例，可以提供一种电池模块、一种包括该电池模块的电池组和一种包括该电池组的车辆，该电池模块可以防止电池单元框架在电池单元膨胀时受到损坏。
附图说明
附图示出本公开的优选实施例，并且与前面的公开一起用于提供对本公开的技术特征的进一步理解，因此本公开不被解释为限于附图。
图1是用于示出根据本公开实施例的电池模块的视图。
图2是示出图1的电池模块的截面图。
图3是用于示出当图1的电池模块的电池单元发生膨胀时盖框架的变形的视图。
图4是用于示出根据本公开另一实施例的电池模块的视图。
图5是用于示出图4的电池模块的盖框架的视图。
图6是用于示出当图4的电池模块的电池单元发生膨胀时盖框架的变形的视图。
图7是用于示出根据本公开实施例的电池组的视图。
图8是用于示出根据本公开实施例的车辆的视图。
具体实施方式
通过参考附图详细描述本公开的实施例，本公开将变得更加明显。应当理解，在这里公开的实施例仅是示意性的，以用于本公开的更好理解，并且本公开可以各种方式进行修改。另外，为了易于理解本公开，附图未按实际比例绘制，而是可能夸大了某些构件的尺寸。
图1是用于示出根据本公开的实施例的电池模块的视图，图2是示出图1的电池模块的截面图，图3是用于示出当图1的电池模块的电池单元发生膨胀时盖框架的变形的视图。
参考图1至图3，电池模块10可以包括电池单元组件100、端板200和盖框架300。
电池单元组件100可以具有多个电池单元110。所述多个电池单元110可以是二次电池，特别地是袋型二次电池。所述多个电池单元110可以彼此堆叠，并且彼此电连接。
端板200可以成对设置，并且可以被设置在电池单元组件100的两侧处。所述成对端板200可以支撑电池单元组件100的两侧。
盖框架300可以被联接到所述成对端板200，以覆盖电池单元组件100。盖框架300可以覆盖所述成对端板200的至少上侧和下侧。
当多个电池单元110发生膨胀时，盖框架300可能沿着多个电池单元110的膨胀方向变形。这里，所述多个电池单元110的膨胀方向可以是朝向电池单元组件100的两侧的方向，即朝向所述成对端板200的方向。
盖框架300可以具有用于弹性变形的弹性变形部350。
当所述多个电池单元110发生膨胀时，弹性变形部350可以在朝向电池单元组件100的两侧的方向上弹性变形，以使得盖框架300在朝向电池单元组件100的两侧的方向上延伸。
弹性变形部350可以沿着电池单元组件100的纵向方向、即电池模块10的前后方向以预定长度形成，并且可以被设置为多个，使得所述多个弹性变形部350沿着朝向电池单元组件100的两侧的方向彼此隔开预定距离。
所述多个弹性变形部350可以分别被形成为从盖框架300以凸状突出，以及在盖框架300的内侧处以凹状形成。
当所述多个电池单元110发生膨胀时，所述多个弹性变形部350可以弹性变形，以沿着朝向盖框架300的两侧的方向变平。当多个电池单元110发生膨胀时，多个弹性变形部350可以弹性变形，以使得盖框架300在膨胀方向上延伸到预定长度，从而引导盖框架300的变形。
因此，在该实施例中，当多个电池单元110膨胀时，能够借助于弹性变形部350来有效地防止电池模块10的内部挤压力增加至超过预定值。
因此，在该实施例中，当多个电池单元110发生膨胀时，弹性变形部350可以防止电池模块10的挤压力增加至超过预定值，从而显著降低电池单元110或盖框架300损坏的风险。
图4是用于示出根据本公开另一个实施例的电池模块的视图，图5是用于示出图4的电池模块的盖框架的视图，图6是用于示出当图4的电池模块的电池单元发生膨胀时盖框架的变形的视图。
由于根据本实施例的电池模块20类似于前一实施例的电池模块10，因此将不再详细描述与前一实施例的相同或相似的特征，而是将详细描述与前一实施例不同的特征。
参考图4至图6，电池模块20可以包括电池单元组件100、端板200和盖框架400。
电池单元组件100和端板200与前一实施例的电池单元组件和端板基本相同或相似，因此将不再详细描述。
盖框架400可以具有弹性变形部450。
弹性变形部450具有呈预定尺寸的凹槽形状，并且可以被设置为多个，使得多个变形部分450沿着电池单元组件110的纵向方向彼此隔开预定距离。
弹性变形部450可以具有中心凹槽451、前边缘凹槽453、前凹槽455、后凹槽457和后边缘凹槽459。
中心凹槽451可以形成在盖框架400的中心处。中心凹槽451可以沿着盖框架400的前后方向以凸状形成。
前边缘凹槽453可以在盖框架400的前侧处与中心凹槽451隔开。前边缘凹槽453可以被设置在盖框架400的前边缘处。
前凹槽455可以被设置为多个，并被布置在前边缘凹槽453和中心凹槽451之间。前凹槽455可以沿着盖框架400的前后方向彼此隔开预定距离，并且朝向盖框架400的前侧以凸状形成。
后凹槽457被设置为多个，并且多个后凹槽457被布置成面对多个前凹槽455，并且中心凹槽451被置于多个后凹槽457与多个前凹槽455之间。后凹槽457可以朝向盖框架400的后侧以凸状形成。
后边缘凹槽459可以与多个后凹槽457隔开。后边缘凹槽459可以被设置在盖框架400的后边缘处。
当多个电池单元110发生膨胀时，中心凹槽451、前边缘凹槽453、多个前凹槽455、多个后凹槽457和后边缘凹槽459可以弹性变形，以沿着朝向盖框架400的两侧的方向变平。
因此，当多个电池单元110发生膨胀时，弹性变形部450可以使得盖框架400在膨胀方向上延伸预定长度，以引导盖框架400的变形。
如上所述，弹性变形部450可以形成有多个带，所述多个带具有能够弹性地延伸盖框架400的弯曲凹槽形，而不是前一实施例的形状。
图7是用于示出根据本公开实施例的电池组的视图，图8是用于示出根据本公开实施例的车辆的视图。
参考图7和图8，电池组1可以包括至少一个根据前述实施例的电池模块10和用于封装该至少一个电池模块10的电池组壳体50。
电池组1可以包括至少一个前述实施例的电池模块20，或者可以包括前述实施例的电池模块10、20两者。
电池组1可以作为车辆V的燃料源被提供给车辆V。作为示例，电池组1可以被提供给诸如电动车辆、混合动力车辆和能够使用电池组1作为燃料源的各种其他类型的车辆V。
另外，除了车辆V之外，电池组1可以被设置在其他装置、仪器或设施中，诸如使用二次电池的能量存储系统。
如上所述，该实施例的电池组1和具有电池组1的诸如车辆V的装置、仪器或设施包括如上所述的电池模块10、20，因此能够实现一种具有上述电池模块10、20的所有优点的电池组1，或者具有电池组1的诸如车辆V的装置、仪器、设施等。
根据如上的各种实施例，能够提供可以在电池单元110发生膨胀时防止盖框架300、400受到损坏的电池模块10、20、包括电池模块10、20的电池组1和包括电池组1的车辆V。
此外，根据如上的各种实施例，能够提供可以在电池单元110发生膨胀时防止电池单元110框架受到损坏的电池模块10、20、包括电池模块10、20的电池组1和包括电池组1的车辆V。
虽然已经示出并且描述了本公开的实施例，但是应当理解，本公开不限于所描述的特定实施例，并且本领域技术人员能够在本公开的范围内作出各种改变和修改。并且不应从本公开的技术思想和观点单独地理解这些修改。

Claims (5)

1.一种电池模块，包括：
电池单元组件，所述电池单元组件具有彼此堆叠的多个电池单元；
成对的端板，所述成对的端板被设置在所述电池单元组件的两侧处；和
盖框架，所述盖框架联接到所述成对的端板，以覆盖所述电池单元组件，当所述多个电池单元发生膨胀时，所述盖框架沿着所述多个电池单元的膨胀方向发生变形，
其中，所述盖框架具有弹性变形部，当所述多个电池单元发生膨胀时，所述弹性变形部在朝向所述电池单元组件的两侧的方向上弹性变形，以使得所述盖框架在朝向所述电池单元组件的两侧方向上延伸；
其中，所述弹性变形部具有呈预定尺寸的凹槽形状，并且被设置为多个，使得所述多个弹性变形部沿着所述电池单元组件的纵向方向彼此隔开预定距离，
其中，所述多个弹性变形部包括：
中心凹槽，所述中心凹槽形成在所述盖框架的中心处，从而沿着所述盖框架的前后方向以凸状形成；
前边缘凹槽，所述前边缘凹槽与所述中心凹槽隔开，并被设置在所述盖框架的前边缘处；
多个前凹槽，所述多个前凹槽布置在所述前边缘凹槽和所述中心凹槽之间，并且沿着所述盖框架的前后方向彼此隔开预定距离，并且朝向所述盖框架的前侧以凸状形成；
多个后凹槽，所述多个后凹槽被布置成面对所述多个前凹槽，并且所述中心凹槽被置于所述多个后凹槽与所述多个前凹槽之间，所述多个后凹槽朝向所述盖框架的后侧以凸状形成；和
后边缘凹槽，所述后边缘凹槽与所述多个后凹槽隔开，并被设置在所述盖框架的后边缘处。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电池模块，其中，所述多个电池单元的膨胀方向是朝向所述电池单元组件的两侧的方向。
3.根据权利要求1所述的电池模块，其中，当所述多个电池单元发生膨胀时，所述中心凹槽、所述前边缘凹槽、所述多个前凹槽、所述多个后凹槽和所述后边缘凹槽发生弹性变形，以沿着朝向所述盖框架的两侧的方向变平。
4.一种电池组，包括：
至少一个根据权利要求1-3中的任一项所述的电池模块；和
电池组壳体，该电池组壳体被构造为封装所述至少一个电池模块。
5.一种车辆，包括：
至少一个根据权利要求4所述的电池组。
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