CN1104197C - 杀虫剂组合物 - Google Patents
杀虫剂组合物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及通式(I)的氯代烟碱酰基杀虫剂与一种或多种说明书中所述的增效剂的杀虫剂混合物,其中R1表示C1-C5-烷基,R2表示氢或C1-C5-烷基,或R1和R2共同表示-CH2-CH2-、-CH2-CH2-CH2或X表示NH、NCH3或表示硫,Y表示氮或CH基,和Z表示氰基或硝基。
Description
本发明涉及以氯代烟碱酰基(chlornicotinyl)杀虫剂和杀虫剂增效剂为主要成分的杀虫剂组合物。
氯代烟碱酰基杀虫剂是已知的,例如从EP-OS192 060中得知。
杀虫剂增效剂是氧化酶或细胞色素P450的抑制剂,或增强细胞膜的渗透性。这类杀虫剂增效剂是已知的,例如从Chemie derpflanzenschutz-und Schadlingsbekampfungsmittel volume 7k NaumannChemie der Synthetischen Pyrethroid-Insektizide Springer Verlag 1981第3~5页中得知。
本发明涉及通式(I)的氯代烟碱酰基杀虫剂与一种或多种增效剂的混合物:其中R1表示C1-C5-烷基,
R2表示氢或C1-C5-烷基,或
X表示NH、NCH3或表示硫,
Y表示氮或CH基,和
Z表示氰基或硝基,
所述增效剂选自:
O,O-二甲基-S-(4-氧代-1,2,3-苯并三嗪-3-甲基)二硫代磷酸酯[M-谷硫磷]、
O-乙基-O-(4-溴-2-氯苯基)-S-#N-丙硫基磷酸酯(溴丙硫)、
3,5-二甲基-4-甲硫基苯基-N-甲基氨基甲酸酯(灭虫威)、
4-溴-2-(4-氯苯基)-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡咯-3-腈(AC 303.630)、
O,S-二甲基硫赶磷酰胺(甲胺磷)、
N-〔2,6-二(-1-甲基乙基)-4-苯氧基苯基〕-N′-(1,1-二甲基乙基)-硫脲(CGA 106 630;杀螨硫隆)、
齐墩螨素、
乙基-(3-叔丁基-1-二甲基氨基甲酰基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-5-基硫基)-乙酸酯、
6,7,8,9,10,10-六氯-1,5,5A,6,9,9A-六氢-6,9-甲撑-2,4,3-苯并(e)二 噻频-3-氯化物(硫丹)、
反式-5-(4-氯苯基)-N-环己基-4-甲基-2-氧代-3-噻唑烷-3-羧酰胺(噻螨酮)、
3,6-二-(2-氯苯基)-1,2,4,5-四嗪(四螨嗪)、
乙基-〔2-(4-苯氧基苯氧基)-乙基〕氨基甲酸酯〔双氧威〕、
2-〔1-甲基-2-(4-苯氧基苯氧基)乙氧基〕吡啶(蚊蝇醚)、
N-环丙基-1,3,5-三嗪-2,4,6-三胺(灭蝇胺)、
苯甲酸-〔-2-苯甲酰基-1-(1,1-二甲基)〕酰肼(RH 5849)、
5-氨基-3-氰基-1-(2,6-二氯-4-三氟甲基苯基)-4-三氟甲基硫羰吡唑(锐劲特)、
顺-(2,3,5,6-四氟-4-甲基苯基)甲基-3-(2-氯-3,3,3-三氟-1-丙烯基)-2,2-二甲基-环丙烷-羧酸酯(七氟菊酯)、
1,5-二-(2,4-二甲基苯基)-3-甲基-1,3,5-三氮杂戊-1,4-二酮(虫螨脒)、
3,5-二甲基苯甲酸-1-(1,1-二甲基乙基)-2-(4-乙基苯甲酰基)酰肼(RH 5992)、
N-〔〔2,5-二氯-4-(1,1,2,3,3,3-六氟丙氧基)苯基〕-氨基羰基〕-2,6-二氟苯甲酰胺(苯敌快)、
(4-乙氧基苯基)-〔3-(4-氟-3-苯氧基苯基)丙基〕二甲基硅烷(HOE 498)和
(E)-4,5-二氢-6-甲基-4-〔(3-吡啶基亚甲基)氨基〕-1,2,4-三嗪-3(2H)-酮(拒嗪酮)。
特别优选列举出以上增效剂与下列结构通式的氯代烟碱酰基杀虫剂的新混合物:
氯代烟碱酰基杀虫剂与上述增效剂的新活性化合物混合物可以转化成常规剂型,如溶液、乳液、悬浮液、粉剂、泡沫剂、浆料、颗粒剂、气溶剂、用活性化合物浸渍的天然材料和合成材料、聚合物中的微胶囊和种子包衣组合物,及带烟的制剂中,如熏蒸弹筒、熏蒸罐、熏蒸盘管等等,还有ULV冷雾剂和热雾型剂。
这些制剂可用已知的方式生产,例如将活性化合物与填充剂、即液体溶剂、加压液化汽和/或固体载体混合,任选使用表面活性剂,即乳化剂和/或分散剂,和/或起泡剂,进行混合,在使用水作为填充剂的情况下,例如还可用有机溶剂作助溶剂。适合的液体溶剂大体上有:芳香族化合物,如二甲苯、甲苯或烷基萘、氯代芳香族化合物或氯代脂肪烃,如氯代苯类、氯乙烯类或二氯甲烷,脂肪烃,如环己烷或石蜡,例如矿物油馏份、醇类,如丁醇或乙二醇及其醚和酯,酮类,如丙酮、甲乙酮、甲基异丁基酮或环己酮、强极性溶剂,如二甲基甲酰胺和二甲亚砜以及水,所谓液化汽填充剂或载体是指在常温常压下是气态的流体,例如气雾推进剂,如卤代烃以及丁烷、丙烷、氮气和二氧化碳;适合的固态载体有:例如磨碎的天然矿物质,如高岭土、粘土、滑石、白垩、石英、硅镁土、蒙脱土或硅藻土和磨碎的合成矿物质,如细碎的硅石、矾土和硅酸盐;用于颗粒剂的固体载体适合的有:例如碾碎并分级的天然岩石,如方解石、大理石、浮石、海泡石和白云石,以及合成的无机颗粒和有机粉和有机颗粒,如锯木屑、椰子壳、玉米穗棒和烟茎;适合的乳化剂和/或起泡剂有:例如非离子和阴离子乳化剂,如聚氧乙烯脂肪酸酯、聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚、例如烷芳基聚乙二醇醚、烷基磺酸盐、烷基硫酸盐、芳基磺酸盐以及蛋白质的水解产物;适合的分散剂有:例如木素亚硫酸废液和甲基纤维素。
制剂中可以使用粘合剂如粉状、颗粒或乳胶形式的羧甲基纤维素和天然和合成聚合物,如阿拉伯胶、聚乙烯醇和聚乙酸乙烯酯、以及天然磷酯,如脑磷酯和卵磷脂,和合成磷脂。其它的添加剂可以是矿物油和植物油。
也可能使用染料,如无机颜料,例如氧化铁、氧化钛和普鲁土蓝,和有机染料,如茜素染料、偶氮染料和金属酞菁染料,和微量营养素如铁、锰、硼、铜、钴、钼和锌的盐。
制剂中通常含有按重量计0.1至95%(重量)的活性化合物,优选0.5至90%。
活性化合物混合物适合于防治动物害虫,特别防治出现在农业、森林、贮藏产品和材料保护以及卫生方面上的昆虫、蜱螨和线虫,并且具有良好的植物耐药性和对温血动物有利的毒性。它们对正常的敏感和抗性种类和对所有或某些生长发育阶段有活性。上述害虫包括:等足纲,例如,潮虫(Oniscus asellus)、鼠妇(Armadillidium vulgare)和斑鼠妇(Porcellio scaber)。倍足纲,例如,Blaniulus guttulatus。唇足纲,例如,地蜈蚣(Geophilus carpophagus)和蚰蜒(Scutigeraspec)。综合纲,例如,洁幺蚰(Scutigerella immaculata)。缨尾目,例如,西洋衣鱼(Lepisma saecharina)。弹尾目,例如,棘跳虫(Onychiurus armatus)。直翅目,例如,东方蜚蠊(Blatta orientalis)、美洲大蠊(Periplanetaamericana)、马德拉蜚蠊(Leucophaea maderae)、德国小蠊(Blattellagermanica)、家蟋蟀(Acheta domesticus)、蝼蛄属(Gryllotalpa spp.)、热带飞蝗(Locusta migratoria migratorioids)、殊种蚱蜢(Melanoplusdifferentialis)和沙漠蝗(Schistocerca gregaria)。革翅目,例如,欧洲球螋(Forficula aurieularia)。等翅目,例如,犀白蚁属(Reticulitermes spp.)。虱目,例如,体虱(Pediculus humanus corporis)、血虱属(Haematopinus spp.)和颚虱属(Linognathus spp.)。食毛目,例如,啮毛虱属(Trichodectes spp.)和Damalinea spp.。缨翅目,例如,温室条蓟马(Hercinothrips femoralis)和棉蓟马(Thripstabaci)。半翅目,例如,扁盾蝽属(Eurygaster spp.)、中棉红蝽(Dysdercusintermedius)、甜菜拟网蝽(Piesma quadrata)、温带臭蝽(Cimexlectularius)、红腹猎蝽(Phodnius prolixus)和锥蝽属(Triatomaspp.)。同翅目,例如,甘蓝粉虱(Aleurodes brassicae)、甘薯粉虱(Bemisiatabaci)、温室粉虱(Trialeurodes vaporariorum)、棉蚜(Aphisgossypii)、甘蓝蚜(Brevicoryne brassicae)、茶鹿隐瘤蚜(Cryptomyzusribis)、甜菜蚜(Aphis fabae)、苹果蚜(Aphis pomi)、苹果绵蚜(Eriosoma lanigerum)、桃大尾蚜(Hyalopterus arundinis)、麦长管蚜(Macrosiphum avenae)、瘤额蚜属(Myzus spp.)、瘿绵蚜属(Pemphigusspp.)、忽布疣蚜(Phorodon humili)、美核桃根瘤蚜(Phylloxeravastatix)、禾谷缢管蚜(Rhopalosiphum padi)、微叶蝉属(Empoascaspp.)、Euscelis bilobatus、黑尾叶蝉(Nephotettix cincticeps)、水土坚蚧(Lecanium corni)、油榄黑盔蚧(Saissetia oleae)、灰稻虱(Laodelphax striatellus)、稻褐飞虱(Nilaparvata lugens)、红园蚧(Aonidiella aurantii)、夹竹桃园蚧(Aspidiotus hederae)、粉蚧属(Pseudococcus spp.)和木虱属(Psylla spp.)。鳞翅目,例如,棉红蛉虫(Pectinophora gossypiella)、松天蛾(Bupaluspiniarius)、冬尺蛾(Cheimatobia brumata)、Lithocolletisblancardella、苹果巢蛾(Hyponomeuta padella)、小菜蛾(Plutellamaculipennis)、天幕毛虫(Malacosoma neustris)、黄毒蛾(Euproctischrysorrhoea)、毒蛾属(Lymantria spp.)、棉潜蛾(Bucculatrixthurberiella)、桔潜叶蛾(Phyllocnistis citrella)、Agrotis spp.、Euxoaspp.、Feltia spp.、棉斑实蛾(Earias insulana)、棉铃虫属(Heliothisspp.)、甜菜夜蛾((Spodoptera exigua)、甘蓝夜蛾(Mamestrabrassicae)、小眼夜蛾(Panolis flammea)、斜纹夜蛾(Prodenia litura)、粘虫属(Spodoptera spp.)、粉纹夜蛾(Trichoplusia ni)、苹蠹蛾(Carpocapsa pomonella)、粉蝶属(Pieris spp.)、禾草螟属(Chilospp.)、Pyrausta nubilalis、Ephestia kuehniella、蜡螟(Galleriamellonella)、幕衣蛾(Tineola bisselliella)、袋衣蛾(Tinea pellionella)、褐织蛾(Hofmannophila pseudospretella)、Cacoecia podana、Capua reticulana、枞色卷蛾(Choristoneura fumiferana)、葡萄果蠹蛾(Clysia ambiguella)、茶长卷蛾(Homona magnanima)和栎绿卷蛾(Tortrix viridana)。鞘翅目,例如,具斑窃蠹(Anobium punctatum)、谷蠹(Rhizoperthadominica)、大豆象(Acanthoscelides obtectus)、Bruchidiusobtectus、家天牛(Hylotrupes bajulus)、赤杨紫跳甲(Agelasrticaalni)、马铃薯甲虫(Leptinotarsa decemlineata)、辣根猿叶甲(Phaedoncochleariae)、条叶甲属(Diabrotica spp.)、油菜蓝跳甲(Psylliodeschrysocephala)、墨西哥豆甲(Epilachna varivestis)、隐翅甲属(Atomaria spp.)、锯谷盗(Oryzaephilus surinamensis)、花象甲属(Anthonomus spp.)、米象属(Sitophilus spp.)、葡萄黑耳喙象(Otiorrhynchus sulcatus)、香蕉根象甲(Cosmopolites sordidus)、甘蓝荚象甲(Ceuthorrhynchus assimilis)、苜蓿叶象虫(Hyperapostica)、皮蠹属(Dermestes spp.)、斑皮蠹属(Trogoderma spp.)、圆皮蠹属(Anthrenus spp.)、毛蠹属(Attagenus spp.)、粉蠹属(Lyctusspp.)、油菜花露尾甲(Meligethes aeneus)、蛛甲属(Ptinus spp.)、金黄蛛甲(Niptus hololeucus)、裸蛛甲(Gibbium psylloides)、拟谷盗属(Tribolium spp.)、黄粉虫(Tenebrio molitor)、Agriotes spp.、Conoderus spp.、鳃角金龟(Melolontha melolontha)、六月金龟(Amphimallon sostitialis)和Costelytra zealandica。膜翅目,例如,Diprion spp.、Hoplocampa spp.、田蚁属(Lasiusspp.)、小家蚁(Monomorium pharaonis)和胡蜂(Vespa spp.)。双翅目,例如,伊蚊属(Aedes spp.)、按蚊属(Anopheles spp.)、库蚊属(Culex spp.)、黄猩猩果蝇(Drosophila melanogaster)、蝇属(Muscaspp.)、厕蝇属(Fannia spp.)、红头丽蝇(Callophora erythrocephala)、绿蝇属(Lucilia spp.)、金蝇属(Chrysomyia spp.)、疽蝇属(Cuterebraspp.)、胃蝇属(Gastrophilus spp.)、虱蝇属(Hyppobosca spp.)、螫蝇属(Stomoxys spp.)、狂蝇属(Oestrus spp.)、皮蝇属(Hypodermaspp.)、虻属(Tabanus spp.)、Tannia spp.、Bibio hortulanus、瑞典麦杆蝇(Oscinella frit)、Phorbia spp.、菠菜潜叶花蝇(Pegomyiahyoscyami)、地中海实蝇(Ceratitis capitata)、油榄实蝇(Dacus oleae)和沼泽大蚊(Tipula paludosa)。蚤目,例如,印鼠客蚤(Xenopsylla cheopis)和毛列蚤属(Ceratophyllusspp.)、蚤属(Pulex spp.)和栉头蚤属(Ctenocephalides spp.)。蛛形纲,例如,蝎(Scorpio maurus)和毒寇蛛(Latrodectus mactans)。蜱螨目,例如,粗脚粉螨(Acarus siro)、隐喙蜱属(Argas spp.)、钝喙蜱属(Ornithodoros spp.)、鸡皮刺螨(Dermanyssus gallinae)、茶鹿瘿螨(Eriophyes ribis)、柑桔锈螨(Phyllocoptruta oleivora)、牛蜱属(Boophilus spp.)、扇头蜱属(Rhipicephalus spp.)、花蜱属(Amblyommaspp.)、玻眼蜱属(Hyalomma spp.)、硬蜱属(Ixodes spp.)、瘙螨属(Psoroptes spp.)、皮螨属(Chorioptes spp.)、疥螨属(Sarcoptesspp.)、跗线螨属(Tarsonemus spp.)、苜蓿苔螨(Bryobia praetiosa)、全爪螨属(Panonychus spp.)和叶螨属(Tetranychus spp.)。
植物寄生线虫包括例如草地垫刃线虫(Pratylenchus spp.)、内侵线虫(Radopholus spp.)、双垫刃属Ditylenchus spp.、Tylenchulus spp.、异皮线虫属(Heterodera spp.)、囊线虫(Globodera spp.)、Meloidogyne spp.、滑刃线虫(Aphelechoides spp.)、Longidorusspp.、垫刃线虫属剑线虫(Xiphinema spp.)、髦根线虫(Trichodorusspp.)。
本发明的活性化合物混合物可存在于其市售的制剂和由这些制剂制备的使用形式中,呈与其它活性化合物的混合物形式,其它活性化合物如杀虫剂、引诱剂、杀菌剂、杀螨剂、杀线虫剂、杀真菌剂、生长调节剂或除虫剂。杀虫剂包括:例如磷酸酯、氨基甲酸酯、羧酸酯、氯代烃、苯脲和特别是由微生物制备的物质。
由市售制剂制备的使用形式的活性化合物的含量可在很宽的范围内变化。使用形式的活性化合物的浓度可为0.0000001~95%,优选0.0001~1%(重量)。
这些化合物以适合使用形式的常规方式使用。
在下面的实施例中,如下通式的咪蚜胺用作选自氯代烟碱酰基杀虫剂的杀虫活性化合物。
实施例A辣根猿叶甲幼虫试验溶剂:7份重量的二甲基甲酰胺乳化剂:1份重量的烷芳基聚乙二醇醚
制备活性化合物的合适制剂时,将1份重量的活性化合物与所述量的溶剂和乳化剂混合,并将该乳油用水稀释至所需浓度。
将甘蓝(Brassica oleracea)叶片通过浸入所需浓度的活性化合物制剂中来处理,当叶片仍湿润时,放入辣根猿叶甲(Phaedoncochleariae)幼虫。
经过所需的时间后,植物被放入的辣根猿叶甲幼虫取食。每隔7天后,确定杀死%。100%是指所有的幼虫均被杀死;0%是指没有幼虫被杀死。
在每种情况中,将0.02%的增效剂混入各试验浓度的咪蚜胺中。在该试验中,增效剂的作用用例如以下混合物显示出:
表A
(危害植物的昆虫)
辣根猿叶甲幼虫试验
活性化合物 | 活性化合物的浓度(%) | 7天后的杀死% |
咪蚜胺 | 0.0008 | 5 |
M-谷硫磷 | 0.0008 | 40 |
咪蚜胺+M-谷硫磷 | 0.0008+0.0008 | 95 |
HOE 498 | 0.008 | 35 |
咪蚜胺+HOE 498 | 0.0008+0.0008 | 100溴丙磷 |
溴丙磷 | 0.0008 | 15 |
咪蚜胺+溴丙磷 | 0.0008+0.0008 | 70 |
实施例B
菜蛾试验(BLT抗性)溶剂:7份重量的二甲基甲酰胺乳化剂:1份重量的烷芳基聚乙二醇醚
制备活性化合物的合适制剂时,将1份重量的活性化合物与所述量的溶剂和乳化剂混合,并将该乳油用水稀释至所需浓度。
将甘蓝(Brassica Oleracea)叶片通过浸入所需浓度的活性化合物制剂中来处理,当叶片仍润湿时,放上菜蛾(Plutella maculipennis,BLT-抗性)毛虫。
经过了所需的时间后,确定杀死%。100%是指所有的菜蛾毛虫均被杀死;0%是指没有菜蛾毛虫被杀死。
在每种情况中,将0.02%的增效剂混入各试验浓度的咪蚜胺中。在该试验中,增效剂的作用用例如以下混合物显示出:
表B
(危害植物的昆虫)
菜蛾试验(抗性)
活性化合物 | 活性化合物的浓度(%) | 7天后的杀死% |
咪蚜胺 | 0.004 | 0 |
M-谷硫磷 | 0.0008 | 0 |
咪蚜胺+M-谷硫磷 | 0.004+0.0008 | 100 |
HOE 498 | 0.0008 | 0 |
咪蚜胺+HOE 498 | 0.004+0.0008 | 100 |
溴丙磷 | 0.0008 | 40 |
咪蚜胺+溴丙磷 | 0.004+0.0008 | 100 |
灭虫威 | 0.004 | 0 |
咪蚜胺+灭虫威 | 0.004+0.004 | 100 |
甲胺磷 | 0.004 | 0 |
咪蚜胺+甲胺磷 | 0.004+0.004 | 100 |
Match | 0.0000064 | 0 |
咪蚜胺+Match | 0.004+0.0000064 | 65 |
实施例C
草地粘虫试验溶剂:7份重量的二甲基甲酰胺乳化剂:1份重量的烷芳基聚乙二醇醚
制备活性化合物的合适制剂时,将1份重量的活性化合物与所述量的溶剂和乳化剂混合,并将该乳油用水稀释至所需浓度。
将甘蓝(Brassica oleracea)叶片通过浸入所需浓度的活性化合物制剂中来处理,当叶片仍湿润时,放上草地粘虫(Spodopterafrugiperda)毛虫。
经过一定的时间后,确定杀死%。100%是指所有的毛虫均被杀死;0%是指没有毛虫被杀死。
在每种情况中,将0.02%的增效剂混入各试验浓度的咪蚜胺中。在该试验中,增效剂的作用用例如以下混合物显示出:
表C
(危害植物的昆虫)
草地粘虫试验
活性化合物 | 活性化合物的浓度(%) | 7天后的杀死% |
咪蚜胺 | 0.0040.0008 | 500 |
AC 303.603 | 0.0008 | 0 |
咪蚜胺+AC 303 630 | 0.004+0.0008 | 100 |
RH 5992 | 0.0008 | 0 |
咪蚜胺+RH 5992 | 0.004+0.0008 | 100 |
甲胺磷 | 0.004 | 0 |
咪蚜胺+甲胺磷 | 0.004+0.004 | 100 |
Match | 0.0000064 | 15 |
咪蚜胺+Match | 0.004+0.0000064 | 100 |
实施例D
桃蚜试验溶剂:3份重量的二甲基甲酰胺乳化剂:1份重量的烷芳基聚乙二醇醚制备活性化合物的合适制剂时,将1份重量的活性化合物与所述量的溶剂和乳化剂混合,并将该乳油用水稀释至所需浓度。
将被桃蚜(Myzus persicae)严重侵染的甘蓝(BrassicaOleracea)叶片通过浸入所需浓度的活性化合物制剂中来处理。
经过了所需的时间后,确定杀死%。100%是指所有的蚜虫均被杀死;0%是指没有蚜虫被杀死。
表D
(危害植物的昆虫)
桃蚜试验
活性化合物 | 活性化合物的浓度(%) | 6天后的杀死% |
咪蚜胺 | 0.00016 | 10 |
灭虫威 | 0.004 | 0 |
咪蚜胺+灭虫威 | 0.00016+0.004 | 70 |
甲胺磷 | 0.004 | 0 |
咪蚜胺+甲胺磷 | 0.00016+0.004 | 80 |
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DE19548872A1 (de) * | 1995-12-27 | 1997-07-03 | Bayer Ag | Synergistische insektizide Mischungen |
US6828275B2 (en) * | 1998-06-23 | 2004-12-07 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Synergistic insecticide mixtures |
CN100349515C (zh) | 1996-04-29 | 2007-11-21 | 欣根塔股份合作公司 | 农药组合物 |
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US6875727B2 (en) * | 1997-12-23 | 2005-04-05 | Syngenta Crop Protection, Inc. | Use of macrolides in pest control |
US6844339B2 (en) * | 1998-01-16 | 2005-01-18 | Syngenta Crop Protection, Inc. | Use of neonicotinoids in pest control |
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