CN110047608A - Hand-held radiation contact scar decontamination method - Google Patents
Hand-held radiation contact scar decontamination method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110047608A CN110047608A CN201910420729.7A CN201910420729A CN110047608A CN 110047608 A CN110047608 A CN 110047608A CN 201910420729 A CN201910420729 A CN 201910420729A CN 110047608 A CN110047608 A CN 110047608A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- hand
- decontamination
- held radiation
- contact scar
- bottle body
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/001—Decontamination of contaminated objects, apparatus, clothes, food; Preventing contamination thereof
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of hand-held radiation contact scar decontamination method, method includes arrangement apparatus, blocks emergency area, spraying operation, removing membrane body, collection processing.The present invention be suitable for the Large-Scale Equipments such as interior, the underground space can not operation all kinds of places; it realizes the quick control to radioactive pollution and removes; the range of scatter of radioactive pollution can quickly and effectively be controlled; the safety of life and property for protecting the people, minimizes degree for accident harm and loss.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to nuclear industry Radwastes treatment fields, and in particular to a kind of hand-held radiation contact scar decontamination dress
It sets and decontamination method.
Background technique
Nuclear energy is a kind of particularly important high-quality, cleaning and economy energy.With the gradually implementation of national nuclear power strategy,
The nuclear energy uses high speed development in China relates to nuclear engineering once letting out because of reasons such as operation, natural calamity, human operational errors
Leakage, such as Radioactive waste management facility accident, nuclear fuel or radioactive waste transport and store accident, for scientific research purpose
Accidents such as radioactive isotope leakage accident, arm store etc. can generate different degrees of nuclear pollution, will to public environment and
The common people cause significant damage and loss.
The elimination of nuclear accident scene radioactive fallout in outdoor open environment belongs to pollution in wide area elimination.Urgent
Being applied in disposal process compared with multi-method includes shoveling principle, douche, Natural Attenuation method, dust suction method, the compacting decontamination of exfoliated membrane body
Method etc..Wherein, exfoliated membrane body compacting decontamination method application at most, mainly utilizes large-scale sprinkling wagon or hand propelled spraying machine,
Inhabitation detergent is sprayed onto large area in contaminated region, the radioactive grain on air and ground is pressed fixation
The peelable film of continuous embedding radioactive grain is formed by the infiltration absorption of inhabitation detergent and autoreactivity on ground
Body.Finally again by membrane body removing curling and shipped off-site, to achieve the purpose that removing.
The emergency action of the nuclear pollution emergency event domestic for closing or semi-closed ring, large-scale flusher cannot be introduced into
Scene, the device and method for outdoor open environment processing large area radioactive pollution have been not suitable for, if cannot have in time
The diffusion of effect ground control radioactive pollution, will lead to contamination hazard range and expands rapidly, and increase later period disposition difficulty, to cause
Heavy economic losses.It mainly include at present gas filtration ventilation and seal isolation for the nuclear pollution processing means of indoor environment, these
Method the scope of application, function, eradicating efficacy and in terms of all existing defects to some extent, with Nuclear Accident Emergency
The requirement of response is also incompatible, lacks the disposition means that quickly, effectively can control and remove live radioactive pollution and answers
With equipment.It is therefore proposed that a kind of hand-held radiation contact scar decontamination plant and method, improve nuclear leakage emergency event emergency disposal
And supportability, it is the basic demand of those skilled in the art.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is proposed to overcome disadvantage existing in the prior art, and the purpose is to provide a kind of hand-held to put
Radioactive pollution decontamination plant and decontamination method.
The technical scheme is that
Hand-held radiation contact scar decontamination method, comprising the following steps:
(I) arranges hand-held radiation according to closing or the domestic operating environment of semi-closed ring and the coverage that accident may occur
Contact scar decontamination plant;
After nuclear pollution leakage, nuclear pollution accident occur for (II), incident area is blocked;
(III) opens hand-held radiation decontamination plant, carries out spraying operation to contaminated ground or dielectric surface;
(IV) waits for a period of time, after radioactive decontamination material membrane soma is dry, with hand or tool by it from ground or dielectric surface
It is removed, and is put into collection bag;
(V) measures ground or whether the radioactive concentration of dielectric surface is up to standard, if it does not meet the standards, repeats spraying operation;
(VI) will be equipped with the collection bag centralized collection of membrane body, carry out burial processing after burning carbonization treatment, or directly compress volume reduction
After carry out burial processing.
Hand-held radiation contact scar decontamination plant in the step (III) is one-component and two-component liquid cleaning device
When, decontamination plant directly sprays.
When hand-held radiation contact scar decontamination plant in the step (III) is that liquid consolidates mixed type decontamination plant, will first it consolidate
It rocks in body powder indentation liquid components and is sprayed again after mixing.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The present invention provides a kind of hand-held radiation contact scar decontamination methods, are applicable to the Large-Scale Equipments such as interior, the underground space
Can not operation all kinds of places.Detergent in radioactive decontamination flusher has good profit to radioactive dust particle
Wet, absorption, embedding effect realize the quick control to radioactive pollution and remove, can quickly and effectively control radioactive pollution
Range of scatter, protect the safety of life and property of the people, accident harm and loss minimized into degree.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of 1 one-component hand-held radiation contact scar decontamination plant of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of atomizer in the embodiment of the present invention 1,2;
Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional view of 2 solid-liquid type hand-held radiation contact scar decontamination plant of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of powder pusher in the embodiment of the present invention 2;
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of 3 two-component radioactive pollution decontamination plant of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the cross-sectional view of 3 two-component radioactive pollution decontamination plant of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of mixing nozzle in the embodiment of the present invention 3;
Fig. 8 is the hybrid blade assembling structure schematic diagram of mixing nozzle in the embodiment of the present invention 3.
Wherein:
11 one-component suppressor bottle bodies 12 grip handle
13 pressing handles 14 spray safety collar
15 atomizers
1501 nozzle entrance, 1502 spiral atomising head
The flaring of 1503 atomizers
16 pressure gauge, 17 injection valve
21 solid-liquid type suppressor bottle body, 22 sidewall thread mouth
23 powder pushers
2301 pusher shells 2302 install screw thread
2303 hot pressing diaphragm, 2304 hot sealing mouth
2305 push 2306 sealing rings of piston
2307 solid constituent powder, 2308 spiral handspike
2309 rotating handles 2310 push safety collar
24 liquid components 25 stir ball
26 catheters
31 A liquid bottle body, 32 B liquid bottle body
33 drain connector, 34 mixing nozzle
3401 nozzle cannula, 3402 mixing chamber
3403 mixing nozzles are flared 3404 hybrid blades
35 are auxiliarily fixed 36 assist handle of ring
37 mixing nozzle seat, 38 component A liquid
39 B component liquid.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification and embodiment is to a kind of hand-held radiation contact scar decontamination plant of the present invention and decontamination
Method is described in detail:
The decontamination method of hand-held radiation contact scar decontamination plant, comprising the following steps:
(I) arranges hand-held radiation according to closing or the domestic operating environment of semi-closed ring and the coverage that accident may occur
Contact scar decontamination plant;
After nuclear pollution leakage, nuclear pollution accident occur for (II), incident area is blocked;
(III) opens hand-held radiation decontamination plant, carries out spraying operation to contaminated ground or dielectric surface;
(IV) waits for a period of time, after radioactive decontamination material membrane soma is dry, with hand or tool by it from ground or dielectric surface
It is removed, and is put into collection bag;
(V) measures ground or whether the radioactive concentration of dielectric surface is up to standard, if it does not meet the standards, repeats spraying operation;
(VI) will be equipped with the collection bag centralized collection of membrane body, carry out burial processing after burning carbonization treatment, or directly compress volume reduction
After carry out burial processing.
Hand-held radiation contact scar decontamination plant in the step (III) is one-component and two-component liquid cleaning device
When, decontamination plant directly sprays.
When hand-held radiation contact scar decontamination plant in the step (III) is that liquid consolidates mixed type decontamination plant, will first it consolidate
It rocks in body powder indentation liquid components and is sprayed again after mixing.
The method of the present invention use then device be hand-held radiation contact scar decontamination plant, structure includes:
Bottle body, bottle mouth position install injection valve 17,
Handle 12 is gripped, is connect with the injection valve 17;
Handle 13 is pressed, connect and controls injection valve 17 with 12 hinge of handle that grips, open injection valve after being pressed
17;
Pressure gauge 16 is set on the injection valve 17, and is connected to the bottle body inside;
Nozzle is set on the injection valve 17;
Safety collar 14 is sprayed, is plugged on the pressing handle 13, blocking pressing handle 13 cannot press down on.
The nozzle is single pass atomizer 15, and the atomizer 15 includes:
Nozzle entrance 1501 is hollow cylindrical, and the one end connecting with injection valve 17 forms bulge loop;
Atomizer flaring 1503, is the circular platform type of hollow open at both ends, and miner diameter end is connect with nozzle entrance 1501;
Spiral atomising head 1502, for the screw type of gradually undergauge, bigger diameter end is connect with nozzle entrance 1501, and is set to atomization
Nozzle is flared in 1503 cavitys.
The nozzle is twin-channel mixing nozzle 34, and the mixing nozzle 34 includes:
Nozzle cannula 3401;
Mixing chamber 3402, one end are connected to two nozzle cannulas 3401, and its internal mixing that multiple helical arrangements are arranged
Blade 3404;
Mixing nozzle flaring 3403, is the circular platform type of hollow open at both ends, and miner diameter end is connect with mixing chamber 3402.
The bottle body is one-component suppressor bottle body 11, and the pressure bottle body of helicitic texture is formed for oral area.
The bottle body is solid-liquid type suppressor bottle body 21, and the pressure bottle body of helicitic texture, and its side wall are formed for oral area
On be provided with powder pusher 23.
When the bottle body fills solid-liquid mixed composition detergent, the pressure bottle body of helicitic texture, side wall are had including oral area
On there are the sidewall thread mouth that one is installed powder pusher, powder pusher is installed on screw thread mouth.
The powder pusher 23 includes:
Pusher shell 2301, the installation screw thread 2302 formed by one end outer wall are set on bottle side wall screw thread mouth;
Hot pressing diaphragm 2303, with the pusher shell 2301 at hot sealing mouth 2304 heat pressure adhesive;
Piston 2305 is pushed, is set to inside the pusher shell 2301, and slidably;
Sealing ring 2306 is set between 2301 inner wall of pusher shell and push 2305 outer wall of piston;
Solid constituent powder 2307 is filled in the pusher shell 2301, and is set to hot pressing diaphragm 2303 and push
Between piston 2305;
Spiral handspike 2308, the threaded connection with the pusher shell 2301, and front end can protrude into the pusher shell
In 2301;
Rotating handle 2309 is set to the end of the spiral handspike 2308;
Safety collar 2310 is pushed, the middle part of the spiral handspike 2308 is plugged in.
Wherein, the material of the pusher shell 2301 is nylon or plastics, and its shape is the hollow circle of open at one end
Cylindricality, open end are hot sealing mouth 2304, and hot sealing mouth 2304 is one end far from installation screw thread 2302;Pusher shell
Body 2301, hot pressing diaphragm 2303 and push piston 2305 form confined space;Push is pushed when 2308 front end of spiral handspike rotates
Piston 2305.
The bottle body is mixed liquid type suppressor bottle body, and the mixed liquid type suppressor bottle body includes that two independent oral areas are formed
The pressure bottle body of helicitic texture, two bottle bodies are connected by drain connector 33, are additionally provided between two bottle bodies and ring is auxiliarily fixed
35 and assist handle 36.
Wherein, it is described be auxiliarily fixed ring 35 be upper and lower two fixed rings, fixed ring is plate structure, thereon formed two with
The through-hole of pressure bottle mates;36 both ends of assist handle are respectively arranged in two fixed rings up and down.
The drain connector 33 is internally provided with autonomous channel, and is provided with independent injection valve, and injection valve connection is only
Vertical mixing nozzle seat 37, mixing nozzle seat 37 are quick connector form, grafting mixing nozzle 34 on mixing nozzle seat 37.
Catheter 26 is set below the injection valve 17, and catheter 26 extends to bottle body bottom.
The bottle body is internally provided with stirring ball 25.
Embodiment 1
When carrying out decontamination operation using one-component hand-held radiation contact scar decontamination plant, it is equipped in one-component suppressor bottle body 11
Single component liquid detergent, loadings are about the 2/3 of bottle body volume, and injection valve 17 is provided on bottle body, and 17 lower end of injection valve is set
It is equipped with catheter 26, catheter 26 extends to 11 bottom of bottle body, and stirring ball 25, catheter 26 and bottle body 11 are also equipped in bottle body 11
The distance of bottom is less than stirring 25 diameter of ball.Atomizer 15 and pressure gauge 16 are mounted on 17 side of injection valve, grip handle 12
It is mounted on 17 top of injection valve, handle 13 is pressed and grips 12 hinge of handle, and control the switch of injection valve 17, spray safety collar
On 14 insertion pressing handles 13 and block pressing handle 13.11 inside charged air pressure of bottle body, pressure gauge 16 show bottle body 11
Internal pressure.
When carrying out sprinkling decontamination, one-component suppressor bottle body 11 is shaken first, prevents bottle body time of repose is too long from leading to liquid
Volume density is irregular, opens safety collar 14, and atomizer 15 is directed at pollution medium surface, presses pressing handle 13 downwards, will
Detergent inside bottle body is uniformly sprayed at contaminated dielectric surface.It waits for a period of time, after to be decontaminated dose is completely dried, uses hand
Or tool removes it from contaminated dielectric surface, and is put into collection bag, the radioactivity for measuring pollution medium surface is dense
Whether degree is up to standard, if it does not meet the standards, repeats spraying operation, and the collection bag centralized collection of membrane body will be housed, it is laggard to burn carbonization treatment
Row burial processing, or directly burial processing is carried out after compression volume reduction.
Embodiment 2
When carrying out decontamination operation using solid-liquid type hand-held radiation contact scar decontamination plant, solid group is housed in powder pusher 23
Part 2307, through heat pressure adhesive at hot sealing mouth 2304, push safety collar 2310 is plugged on spiral and pushes away hot pressing diaphragm 2303
2308 middle part of bar, powder pusher 23 are mounted on 21 side wall of solid-liquid type suppressor bottle body by installing screw thread 2302, solid-liquid type
Liquid components 24 are filled in suppressor bottle body 21, loadings are about the 2/3 of bottle body volume, catheter 26, stirring ball 25, injection
Valve 17, pressure gauge 16 grip handle 12, pressing handle 13, atomizer 15, sprinkling safety collar 14 with embodiment 1 with identical
Mounting structure, equally filled with compressed air in bottle body 21.
When carrying out sprinkling decontamination, push safety collar 2310, turn rotating handle 2309 are removed first, and spiral handspike 2308 pushes away
Dynamic push piston 2305 crushes hot pressing diaphragm 2303 to moving inside bottle body, make solid constituent 2307 and liquid components 24 into
Row mixing, shakes solid-liquid type suppressor bottle body 21, by stirring ball 25, mixes solid constituent 2307 with liquid components 24
It is even, safety collar 14 is opened, atomizer 15 is directed at pollution medium surface, pressing handle 13 is pressed downwards, inside bottle body
Detergent is uniformly sprayed at contaminated dielectric surface, and subsequent operation is same as Example 1.
Embodiment 3
When carrying out decontamination operation using two-component liquid mixing hand-held radiation contact scar decontamination plant, filled in A liquid bottle body 31
There is component A liquid 38, B component liquid 39 is housed in B liquid bottle body 32, loadings are about 2/3, the A liquid bottle body of bottle body volume
31 and B liquid bottle body 32 is mounted on drain connector 33, and ring 35 is auxiliarily fixed and is sleeved on A liquid bottle body 31 and B liquid bottle body
On 32, assist handle 36 is connect with ring 35 is auxiliarily fixed, and two catheters, 26, two stirring balls, 25, two pressure gauges 16 grip
Handle 12, pressing handle 13, sprinkling safety collar 14 and the mounting structure having the same of embodiment 1, A liquid bottle body 31 and B liquid
Equally filled with compressed air in bottle body 32.
Mixing nozzle 34 is plugged on mixing nozzle seat 37, and the mixing nozzle 34 after use can be by pressing mixing nozzle seat
37 fast interface is removed.
When carrying out sprinkling decontamination, A liquid bottle body 31 and B liquid bottle body 32 are shaken, prevents bottle body time of repose is too long from causing
Fluid density is irregular, opens safety collar 14, and mixing nozzle 34 is directed at pollution medium surface, presses pressing handle 13 downwards,
Component A liquid 38 and B component liquid are sprayed at contaminated dielectric surface, subsequent operation by mixing nozzle 34 after evenly mixing
It is same as Example 1.
The decontamination method of hand-held radiation contact scar decontamination plant, comprising the following steps:
(I) arranges hand-held radiation according to closing or the domestic operating environment of semi-closed ring and the coverage that accident may occur
Contact scar decontamination plant;
After nuclear pollution leakage, nuclear pollution accident occur for (II), incident area is blocked;
(III) opens hand-held radiation decontamination plant, carries out spraying operation to contaminated ground or dielectric surface;
(IV) waits for a period of time, after radioactive decontamination material membrane soma is dry, with hand or tool by it from ground or dielectric surface
It is removed, and is put into collection bag;
(V) measures ground or whether the radioactive concentration of dielectric surface is up to standard, if it does not meet the standards, repeats spraying operation;
(VI) will be equipped with the collection bag centralized collection of membrane body, carry out burial processing after burning carbonization treatment, or directly compress volume reduction
After carry out burial processing.
Hand-held radiation contact scar decontamination plant in the step (III) is one-component and two-component liquid cleaning device
When, decontamination plant directly sprays.
When hand-held radiation contact scar decontamination plant in the step (III) is that liquid consolidates mixed type decontamination plant, will first it consolidate
It rocks in body powder indentation liquid components and is sprayed again after mixing.
The present invention provides a kind of hand-held radiation contact scar decontamination plant and decontamination methods, are applicable to indoor, underground
The Large-Scale Equipments such as space can not operation all kinds of places.Detergent in radioactive decontamination flusher is to radioactive dust particle
With good wetting, absorption, embedding effect, realizes the quick control to radioactive pollution and remove, can quickly and effectively control
The range of scatter of radioactive pollution processed protects the safety of life and property of the people, accident harm and loss is minimized
Degree.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of hand-held radiation contact scar decontamination method, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
(I) arranges hand-held radiation according to closing or the domestic operating environment of semi-closed ring and the coverage that accident may occur
Contact scar decontamination plant;
After nuclear pollution leakage, nuclear pollution accident occur for (II), incident area is blocked;
(III) opens hand-held radiation decontamination plant, carries out spraying operation to contaminated ground or dielectric surface;
(IV) waits for a period of time, after radioactive decontamination material membrane soma is dry, with hand or tool by it from ground or dielectric surface
It is removed, and is put into collection bag;
(V) measures ground or whether the radioactive concentration of dielectric surface is up to standard, if it does not meet the standards, repeats spraying operation;
(VI) will be equipped with the collection bag centralized collection of membrane body, carry out burial processing after burning carbonization treatment, or directly compress volume reduction
After carry out burial processing.
2. hand-held radiation contact scar decontamination method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step (III)
When hand-held radiation contact scar decontamination plant is one-component and two-component liquid cleaning device, decontamination plant directly sprays.
3. hand-held radiation contact scar decontamination method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step (III)
When hand-held radiation contact scar decontamination plant is that liquid consolidates mixed type decontamination plant, first solid powder is pressed into liquid components and is rocked
It is sprayed again after mixing.
Priority Applications (1)
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CN201910420729.7A CN110047608A (en) | 2019-05-20 | 2019-05-20 | Hand-held radiation contact scar decontamination method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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CN201910420729.7A CN110047608A (en) | 2019-05-20 | 2019-05-20 | Hand-held radiation contact scar decontamination method |
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CN110047608A true CN110047608A (en) | 2019-07-23 |
Family
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CN201910420729.7A Pending CN110047608A (en) | 2019-05-20 | 2019-05-20 | Hand-held radiation contact scar decontamination method |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN110853789A (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2020-02-28 | 华核(天津)新技术开发有限公司 | Electric radioactive pollution decontamination device and emergency guarantee system |
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CN107236460A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2017-10-10 | 洛阳市琦安科技有限公司 | A kind of water base control remover of radioactive contamination dust recycling and removing method |
CN207462816U (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2018-06-08 | 华核(天津)新技术开发有限公司 | A kind of big flux emergency filter device |
CN108560003A (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2018-09-21 | 绵阳科大久创科技有限公司 | A kind of metal surface radioactive pollution detergent and its application method |
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Patent Citations (6)
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US5545795A (en) * | 1993-02-01 | 1996-08-13 | Deco-Hanulik Ag | Method for decontaminating radioactive metal surfaces |
US20060076433A1 (en) * | 2004-10-12 | 2006-04-13 | Charles Darling | Personal decontamination apparatus and method |
CN104318970A (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2015-01-28 | 中国人民解放军总参谋部工程兵科研三所 | Method for controlling and removing pollution dust and granules on ground |
CN107236460A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2017-10-10 | 洛阳市琦安科技有限公司 | A kind of water base control remover of radioactive contamination dust recycling and removing method |
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