CN105898276A - Near-to-eye three-dimensional display system based on non-periodic holographic microlens array - Google Patents

Near-to-eye three-dimensional display system based on non-periodic holographic microlens array Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105898276A
CN105898276A CN201610305900.6A CN201610305900A CN105898276A CN 105898276 A CN105898276 A CN 105898276A CN 201610305900 A CN201610305900 A CN 201610305900A CN 105898276 A CN105898276 A CN 105898276A
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aperiodic
holograph
lens array
holographic grating
coupling output
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刘娟
高乾坤
韩剑
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Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
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Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/10—Processing, recording or transmission of stereoscopic or multi-view image signals
    • H04N13/194—Transmission of image signals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
    • G02B30/27—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/10—Processing, recording or transmission of stereoscopic or multi-view image signals
    • H04N13/106—Processing image signals
    • H04N13/128—Adjusting depth or disparity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/302—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Diffracting Gratings Or Hologram Optical Elements (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a near-to-eye three-dimensional display system based on a non-periodic holographic microlens array. The display system comprises a transparent substrate waveguide, as well as a display device, the non-periodic holographic microlens array, a coupling output holographic grating and an observation window arranged according to a sequence of emitted to incident light, wherein the non-periodic holographic microlens array and the coupling output holographic grating are located on the surface of the transparent substrate waveguide; the non-periodic holographic microlens array is used for performing modulation imaging on incident light emitted by the display device; the transparent substrate waveguide is used for transmitting the light modulated and imaged by the non-periodic holographic microlens array; and the coupling output holographic grating is used for performing modulation coupling on the light transmitted by the transparent substrate waveguide, and is superposed with the external real scene. By adopting the non-periodic holographic microlens array, the holographic grating and the waveguide transmission technology, the display system realizes three-dimensional display of large view field, light-small type and low aberration, and has the advantages of compact and thin structure and convenience in wearing.

Description

Nearly eye three-dimensional display system based on Holograph microlenticular lens array aperiodic
Technical field
The present invention relates to integration imaging technical field, particularly relate to a kind of micro-based on holography aperiodic The nearly eye three-dimensional display system of lens arra.
Background technology
Integration imaging (Integral Imaging, II) technology is a kind of employing microlens array note The technology of the three-dimensional information of record and reproduction space object.With other naked eye three-dimensional imaging technique phases Ratio, integration imaging have full parallax, from various visual angles, true color and prominent excellent without coherent source etc. Gesture, is therefore considered as one of the most potential technology in following three dimensional display field.
In the last few years, integration imaging technology had obtained developing faster, but still needed to solve one A little crucial technical barriers:
How to prepare many arrays, lenticule group with focal length, with obtain three-dimensional scenic the degree of depth and Information from various visual angles；How to break through the restriction of lens imaging principle, increase visual field；How to make integrated The design of imaging device is more lightening, the obstacle promoted the use of with breakthrough.
In summary, one of technical problem the most urgently to be resolved hurrily is: how to develop a kind of easy Processing, the nearly eye three-dimensional display system of wide visual field.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention proposes a kind of based on holography aperiodic lenticule The nearly eye three-dimensional display system of array, including transparency carrier waveguide, and according to light by sending Export complete to the incident display device of order setting, Holograph microlenticular lens array aperiodic, coupling Breath grating and observation window；
Wherein, Holograph microlenticular lens array described aperiodic and described coupling output holographic grating are positioned at On the surface of described transparency carrier waveguide；
Described display device sends for the various visual angles integration imaging image generated according to computer Incident ray；
Described aperiodic, Holograph microlenticular lens array was for the incident illumination sending described display device Line is modulated imaging；
Described transparency carrier waveguide for through described aperiodic Holograph microlenticular lens array be modulated into Light after Xiang carries out waveguide；
Described coupling output holographic grating is for entering the light of described transparency carrier waveguide Row modulation coupling, and be overlapped with extraneous real scene, so that the 3-D view after superposition is led to Cross described observation window to show.
Alternatively, Holograph microlenticular lens array described aperiodic includes but not limited to that axial arranging is different Holograph microlenticular lens array aperiodic.
Alternatively, Holograph microlenticular lens array described aperiodic is reflective holography aperiodic lenticule Array.
Alternatively, Holograph microlenticular lens array described aperiodic is transmission-type holography aperiodic lenticule Array.
Alternatively, described coupling output holographic grating is reflective coupling output holographic grating.
Alternatively, described coupling output holographic grating is transmission-type coupling output holographic grating.
Alternatively, described display device includes but not limited to LCD micro-display.
Alternatively, the material of described transparency carrier waveguide includes but not limited to optical glass and light Learn plastics.
Alternatively, the material of described coupling output holographic grating includes but not limited to silver halide, weight Chromate gelatin, photopolymer, photoresist, photoconduction thermoplastic or photorefractive crystal.
Alternatively, the light transmission rate of described coupling output holographic grating is more than 50%.
Based on Holograph microlenticular lens array aperiodic the near eye three-dimensional display system of the present invention, uses Aperiodic Holograph microlenticular lens array, holographic grating and waveguide technology, it is achieved that big visual field, The three dimensional display of small-sized and low aberrations, has that compact conformation is frivolous, wear advantage easily.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below The accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art will be briefly described, aobvious and Easily insight, the accompanying drawing in describing below is some embodiments of the present invention, common for this area From the point of view of technical staff, on the premise of not paying creative work, it is also possible to according to these accompanying drawings Obtain other accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is that based on Holograph microlenticular lens array aperiodic the near eye of the embodiment of the present invention one is three-dimensional The structural representation of display system；
Fig. 2 is the close-up schematic view of region A in the embodiment of the present invention one；
Based on Holograph microlenticular lens array aperiodic the near eye three-dimensional of Fig. 3 embodiment of the present invention two shows Show the structural representation of system；
Fig. 4 is that based on Holograph microlenticular lens array aperiodic the near eye of the embodiment of the present invention three is three-dimensional The structural representation of display system；
Fig. 5 is that based on Holograph microlenticular lens array aperiodic the near eye of the embodiment of the present invention four is three-dimensional The structural representation of display system.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the purpose of the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below will knot Close the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clearly Describe, it is clear that described embodiment is a part of embodiment of the present invention rather than whole Embodiment.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making wound The every other embodiment obtained under the property made work premise, broadly falls into the model of present invention protection Enclose.
Fig. 1 is that based on Holograph microlenticular lens array aperiodic the near eye of the embodiment of the present invention one is three-dimensional The structural representation of display system；As it is shown in figure 1, this system includes transparency carrier waveguide 1, with And according to light by being issued to the LCD micro-display 2 of order setting of incidence, transmission-type non-week Phase Holograph microlenticular lens array 103, transmission-type coupling output holographic grating 104 and observation window 5. Wherein, 6 is human eye, and 7 and 8 two three-dimensional bodies respectively demonstrated, FOV represents system The observation angle of visual field, the close-up schematic view of Holograph microlenticular lens array aperiodic region A See Fig. 2.
Specifically, the invention mainly comprises three different key technologies: aperiodic, holography was micro- Lens arra, the modulation coupling of total reflection waveguide and holographic grating, detailed description below:
(1) Holograph microlenticular lens array aperiodic
The loading signal of micro-display is the various visual angles integration imaging image generated by computer.Should Image, under the modulation of Holograph microlenticular lens array aperiodic, is incident to glass base at an angle In plate, form the three-dimensional body information of various visual angles for eye-observation.
Relative to the lens arra of tradition preiodic type, aperiodic, Holograph microlenticular lens array combined song Face arrangement declines the characteristic of lens arra, therefore has the bigger angle of visual field, and can correct simultaneously Imaging aberration.
Holographic lenticule used by the present invention by a branch of spherical light wave and a branch of plane light wave one Determining to interfere under off-axis angle to generate, if amplitude is 1, then its process can be described by following formula:
I m = | 1 r exp ( - i k → 1 · r → ) + exp ( i k → 2 · r → ) | 2 = 1 + r 2 r 2 + 2 r cos [ ( k → 1 - k → 2 ) · r → ] = 1 + r 2 r 2 + 2 r cos ( k → m · r → ) - - - ( 1 )
I in formulamIt is the holographic lenticule of generation,It is wave vector, represents and interfere The normal direction in striped peak strength face,For direction vector.This interference hot spot is through sensitive material Exposure record and post processing form a lenticule, and light is interfered in the mobile sensitive material of order and change Available required Holograph microlenticular lens array aperiodic of bundle type.
Specifically, if exposing material difference, above-mentioned post processing mode is different, such as If sensitive material is silver salt dry plate, then post processing is developing fixing etc.；If sensitive material is photic Polymer, then post processing is ultra-violet curing and baking setting.It should be noted that this post processing Detailed process be prior art, this is not defined by the present invention.
The thickness of coupling output holographic grating (diffraction optical element) can be 1 μm-100 μm, material Material for silver halide, dichromated gelatin, photopolymer, photoresist, photoconduction thermoplastic or Photorefractive crystal, light transmission rate is more than 50%.
This, Holograph microlenticular lens array can be according to micro-display size with place distance and carry out aperiodic Flexible, to reach optimization effect.
(2) the modulation coupling of holographic grating
Light after Holograph microlenticular lens array imaging aperiodic carries out waveguide biography in glass substrate Defeated, and be overlapped with extraneous real scene under the modulation of output coupling holographic grating, reach Augmented reality wearing effect depending on saturating formula.
Coupling holographic grating used by the present invention is that two bundle plane light waves are interfered folded by certain angle Add the volume holographic grating of generation.If amplitude is 1, the coherent superposition of two beam interferometer plane waves is:
I e = | exp ( i k → 1 · r → ) + exp ( i k → 2 · r → ) | 2 = 2 + 2 cos [ ( k → 1 - k → 2 ) · r → ] = 2 + 2 cos ( k → e · r → ) - - - ( 2 )
I in formulaeIt is the volume holographic grating of generation,It is wave vector, represents and interfere The normal direction in striped peak strength face,.If the space periodic of interference fringe is Δ, then basis Grating equation has:
Wherein, λ is optical wavelength,It it is the angle of two plane waves.
Volume holographic grating is with the difference of plane grating, interferes light wave to be positioned at record for two The both sides of interference surface, therefore also need to meet Bragg condition when volume holographic grating uses:
WhereinFor Bragg angle.
(3) total reflection waveguide
Light after microlens array imaging forms ripple at an angle in glass substrate Leading transmission, the propagation angle of complex amplitude signal need to meet:
In formulaFor complex amplitude signal angle of propagation,For the angle of total reflection, n is glass substrate Refractive index.Additionally, can show that angle of propagation meets with Bragg angle according to simple geometrical relationship:
Fig. 3 is that based on Holograph microlenticular lens array aperiodic the near eye of the embodiment of the present invention two is three-dimensional The structural representation of display system；Unlike structure shown in Fig. 1, non-in the present embodiment Cycle Holograph microlenticular lens array is transmission-type Holograph microlenticular lens array aperiodic 203, coupling output Holographic grating is reflective coupling output holographic grating 204.
Fig. 4 is that based on Holograph microlenticular lens array aperiodic the near eye of the embodiment of the present invention three is three-dimensional The structural representation of display system；Unlike structure shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, in the present embodiment Holograph microlenticular lens array aperiodic be Holograph microlenticular lens array 303 reflective aperiodic, coupling Output holographic grating is transmission-type coupling output holographic grating 304.
Fig. 5 is that based on Holograph microlenticular lens array aperiodic the near eye of the embodiment of the present invention four is three-dimensional The structural representation of display system；Unlike structure shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, this reality Executing Holograph microlenticular lens array aperiodic in example is Holograph microlenticular lens array reflective aperiodic 303, coupling output holographic grating is reflective coupling output holographic grating 304.
Special instruction, Holograph microlenticular lens array aperiodic in embodiment one to embodiment four Interfere the complicated grating of formation off axis for spherical light wave and plane light wave, i.e. axial arranging is different Aperiodic, Holograph microlenticular lens array, can make according to formula (1).Output coupling holography Grating is that two plane light waves interfere the volume holographic grating formed, and can carry out according to formula (2) Make.Waveguide meets the total reflection condition of glass substrate, i.e. formula (4), and coupling meets Bragg condition, i.e. formula (5).
Based on array aperiodic the three-dimensional near-eye display system that the present invention proposes, uses holography dry Relate to method processing and fabricating microlens array aperiodic, realize three by holographic grating and waveguide The coupling of the extraneous scene that dimension depth image and eye-observation arrive, reaches the display effect of augmented reality Really, on the one hand microlens array aperiodic has the characteristic of curved surface arrangement, can be effectively increased object The angle of visual field observed；On the other hand holographic interference is prone to the lenticule battle array of processing and fabricating large area array Row, the field range of system can be increased further, and holographic grating and waveguide pass Defeated being also beneficial to carries out the lightening system integration.
Above example is merely to illustrate technical scheme, is not intended to limit；To the greatest extent The present invention has been described in detail by pipe with reference to previous embodiment, the ordinary skill of this area Personnel are it is understood that the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments still can be carried out by it Amendment, or wherein portion of techniques feature is carried out equivalent；And these are revised or replace Change, do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from the essence of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme God and scope.

Claims (10)

1. a nearly eye three-dimensional display system based on Holograph microlenticular lens array aperiodic, it is special Levy and be, including transparency carrier waveguide, and arranged by the order being issued to incidence according to light Display device, Holograph microlenticular lens array aperiodic, coupling output holographic grating and observation window；
Wherein, Holograph microlenticular lens array described aperiodic and described coupling output holographic grating are positioned at On the surface of described transparency carrier waveguide；
Described display device sends for the various visual angles integration imaging image generated according to computer Incident ray；
Described aperiodic, Holograph microlenticular lens array was for the incident illumination sending described display device Line is modulated imaging；
Described transparency carrier waveguide for through described aperiodic Holograph microlenticular lens array be modulated into Light after Xiang carries out waveguide；
Described coupling output holographic grating is for entering the light of described transparency carrier waveguide Row modulation coupling, and be overlapped with extraneous real scene, so that the 3-D view after superposition is led to Cross described observation window to show.
System the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described holography aperiodic is micro- Lens arra includes but not limited to Holograph microlenticular lens array aperiodic that axial arranging is different.
System the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described holography aperiodic is micro- Lens arra is Holograph microlenticular lens array reflective aperiodic.
System the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described holography aperiodic is micro- Lens arra is transmission-type Holograph microlenticular lens array aperiodic.
5. according to the system described in claim 3 or 4, it is characterised in that described coupling exports Holographic grating is reflective coupling output holographic grating.
6. according to the system described in claim 3 or 4, it is characterised in that described coupling exports Holographic grating is transmission-type coupling output holographic grating.
System the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described display device includes But it is not limited to LCD micro-display.
System the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described transparency carrier waveguide Material include but not limited to optical glass and optical plastic.
System the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described coupling output holography The material of grating includes but not limited to silver halide, dichromated gelatin, photopolymer, photic Resist, photoconduction thermoplastic or photorefractive crystal.
System the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described coupling output is complete The light transmission rate of breath grating is more than 50%.
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CN106526730A (en) * 2016-11-21 2017-03-22 苏州苏大维格光电科技股份有限公司 Wide viewing angle waveguide lens, manufacturing method and head-mounted three-dimensional display device
CN106646885A (en) * 2016-12-30 2017-05-10 苏州苏大维格光电科技股份有限公司 Projection object lens and three dimensional display apparatus
CN106773089A (en) * 2017-01-24 2017-05-31 句容福芯电子有限公司 Three-dimensional display apparatus based on polarization holographic grating
CN106814461A (en) * 2016-12-20 2017-06-09 北京理工大学 A kind of three-dimensional display system and its display methods
CN106940483A (en) * 2017-04-20 2017-07-11 杭州光粒科技有限公司 A kind of light field display device and display methods
CN106950697A (en) * 2017-04-21 2017-07-14 北京理工大学 The multi-region angle of visual field expands and waveguide layering color display method and system
CN107015368A (en) * 2017-06-05 2017-08-04 东南大学 A kind of nearly eye binocular display devices
CN108363206A (en) * 2018-01-30 2018-08-03 北京理工大学 A kind of Waveguide display of wide viewing angle
WO2019000989A1 (en) * 2017-06-26 2019-01-03 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 Display system having switchable display modes
CN109407313A (en) * 2018-10-29 2019-03-01 北京枭龙科技有限公司 A kind of diffraction waveguide display device
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WO2021062941A1 (en) * 2019-09-30 2021-04-08 中山大学 Grating-based optical waveguide light field display system
CN113448085A (en) * 2020-03-24 2021-09-28 深圳铅笔视界科技有限公司 Near-to-eye display device and glasses
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CN106814461A (en) * 2016-12-20 2017-06-09 北京理工大学 A kind of three-dimensional display system and its display methods
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CN106773089A (en) * 2017-01-24 2017-05-31 句容福芯电子有限公司 Three-dimensional display apparatus based on polarization holographic grating
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