CN1044661C - 含新型硅烷衍生物的农药,杀虫,杀螨组合物 - Google Patents
含新型硅烷衍生物的农药,杀虫,杀螨组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1044661C CN1044661C CN93105241A CN93105241A CN1044661C CN 1044661 C CN1044661 C CN 1044661C CN 93105241 A CN93105241 A CN 93105241A CN 93105241 A CN93105241 A CN 93105241A CN 1044661 C CN1044661 C CN 1044661C
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- alkyl
- phenyl
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- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 title 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 63
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- -1 nitro, phenoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 166
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 87
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 48
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 35
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- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Substances C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical group [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- 125000004448 alkyl carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
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- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 15
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- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 9
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 3
- UUEVFMOUBSLVJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo-[[1-[2-[2-[2-[4-(oxoazaniumylmethylidene)pyridin-1-yl]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethyl]pyridin-4-ylidene]methyl]azanium;dibromide Chemical compound [Br-].[Br-].C1=CC(=C[NH+]=O)C=CN1CCOCCOCCN1C=CC(=C[NH+]=O)C=C1 UUEVFMOUBSLVJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 30
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- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
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- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 14
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- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
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- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
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- HIXDQWDOVZUNNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-methoxychromen-4-one Chemical compound C=1C(OC)=CC(O)=C(C(C=2)=O)C=1OC=2C1=CC=C(OC)C(OC)=C1 HIXDQWDOVZUNNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 6
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- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
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- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- RZJRJXONCZWCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC RZJRJXONCZWCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001118 alkylidene group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000005133 alkynyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000975 bioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 3
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
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- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- SYBYTAAJFKOIEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-Methylbutan-2-one Chemical compound CC(C)C(C)=O SYBYTAAJFKOIEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004861 4-isopropyl phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1*)C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000006043 5-hexenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) Chemical compound CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- 125000005092 alkenyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
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- DIRFUJHNVNOBMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N fenobucarb Chemical compound CCC(C)C1=CC=CC=C1OC(=O)NC DIRFUJHNVNOBMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 2
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- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
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- YATDSXRLIUJOQN-SVRRBLITSA-N (2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl)methyl (1r,3s)-3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CC1(C)[C@H](C=C(Cl)Cl)[C@H]1C(=O)OCC1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1F YATDSXRLIUJOQN-SVRRBLITSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- KPNPDRFFWQBXGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dimethoxyphosphorylsulfanyl-2-ethylsulfanylethane;2-ethylsulfanylethoxy-dimethoxy-sulfanylidene-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound CCSCCOP(=S)(OC)OC.CCSCCSP(=O)(OC)OC KPNPDRFFWQBXGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001622 2-naphthyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 229960005424 cypermethrin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- OWZREIFADZCYQD-NSHGMRRFSA-N deltamethrin Chemical compound CC1(C)[C@@H](C=C(Br)Br)[C@H]1C(=O)O[C@H](C#N)C1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 OWZREIFADZCYQD-NSHGMRRFSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- FHIVAFMUCKRCQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diazinon Chemical compound CCOP(=S)(OCC)OC1=CC(C)=NC(C(C)C)=N1 FHIVAFMUCKRCQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OEBRKCOSUFCWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorvos Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)OC=C(Cl)Cl OEBRKCOSUFCWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950001327 dichlorvos Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UOAMTSKGCBMZTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicofol Chemical compound C=1C=C(Cl)C=CC=1C(C(Cl)(Cl)Cl)(O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 UOAMTSKGCBMZTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FAXIJTUDSBIMHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethoxy-(2-ethylsulfanylethoxy)-sulfanylidene-$l^{5}-phosphane;1-diethoxyphosphorylsulfanyl-2-ethylsulfanylethane Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)SCCSCC.CCOP(=S)(OCC)OCCSCC FAXIJTUDSBIMHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOC SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- MCWXGJITAZMZEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoate Chemical compound CNC(=O)CSP(=S)(OC)OC MCWXGJITAZMZEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002012 dioxanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- YDEXUEFDPVHGHE-GGMCWBHBSA-L disodium;(2r)-3-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-[2-methoxy-4-(3-sulfonatopropyl)phenoxy]propane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].COC1=CC=CC(C[C@H](CS([O-])(=O)=O)OC=2C(=CC(CCCS([O-])(=O)=O)=CC=2)OC)=C1O YDEXUEFDPVHGHE-GGMCWBHBSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- YWSCPYYRJXKUDB-KAKFPZCNSA-N tralomethrin Chemical compound CC1(C)[C@@H](C(Br)C(Br)(Br)Br)[C@H]1C(=O)O[C@H](C#N)C1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 YWSCPYYRJXKUDB-KAKFPZCNSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
- C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
- C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
- C07F7/12—Organo silicon halides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
- C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
- C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
- C07F7/0803—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages
- C07F7/081—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages comprising at least one atom selected from the elements N, O, halogen, S, Se or Te
- C07F7/0812—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages comprising at least one atom selected from the elements N, O, halogen, S, Se or Te comprising a heterocyclic ring
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N55/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing organic compounds containing elements other than carbon, hydrogen, halogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
- C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
- C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
- C07F7/0803—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages
- C07F7/081—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages comprising at least one atom selected from the elements N, O, halogen, S, Se or Te
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- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明提出含有通式(Ⅰ)化合物的农药,杀虫剂,杀螨剂和杀线虫剂组合物,其中通式(Ⅰ)化合物具有有效的杀虫,杀螨和杀线虫性能,而在式(Ⅰ)中X,R1,R2,R3,R4和R5的定义如说明书所述。
Description
迄今已知具有杀虫、杀螨及杀线虫作用的生物活性物质的基本结构真可谓种类繁多,仅就其中几种最重要者而谈,就有磷酸衍生物,氯代烃,N-甲基氨基甲酸酯,环丙(烷)基羧酸酯以及苯甲酰脲等。但令人惊讶的是(仅有个别例外,见日本特许公开说明书昭60-123461),目前尚未见到以含有硅元素为基本骨架的具有杀虫、杀螨,杀线虫作用的化合物公开过〔C.Worthing,《农药手册》,第7版,Lavenham1983;S.Pawlenko,《有机硅化合物》,编入《有机化学方法》(Houben-Weyl),卷ⅩⅢ/5,Georg Thieme出版社,Stuttgart1980; R.Wegler,《植物保护剂及农药化学》,卷1,6及7,Springer出版社,Berlin1970,1981〕。对除莠剂领域来说,这也是同一现实,而在杀菌剂研究中,迄今只发现三唑杀菌剂采用了含硅的基本结构(EP-A68813)。
现在已经发现具有含硅基本结构的新型生物活性物质,它在杀虫剂,杀螨剂及杀线虫剂领域中具有有效的应用性能。
本发明涉及通式(Ⅰ)化合物及其各种光学异构体,以及它们的可能的混合物,式中
X=CH2,O,S,NR6,
R1=(C2~C18)烷基,(C5~C7)环烷基,(C2~C8)烯基,苯基,萘基,其中所有这些取代基必需时可为一取代或多取代的基,只有五氟苯基例外,
R2,R3=各自独立地代表的(C1~C3)烷基,(C2~C8)烯基,苯基或R2和R3一起代表一个亚烷基链段,它们和硅原子共同形成一个未被取代的或被(C1~C4)烷基取代的四至六员杂环,
R5吡啶基,呋喃基,噻嗯基,它们均可被取代,苯邻二甲酰亚胺基, 二(C1~C4)烷基马来酰基亚胺基,硫代苯邻二甲酰亚胺基,二氢苯邻二甲酰亚氨基,四氢苯邻二甲酰亚氨基,或取代的苯基,但不包括4-乙酰基苯基,2-氯苯基以及4-乙氧羰基乙酰苯基,
或者
R4和R5-它们与桥联的碳原子共同形成一个必要时被取代的茚基,环戊烯酰基或环戊烯基,
R6=H,(C1~C3)烷基或苯基;在此情况下,当其中R1=在对位上被(C1~C4)烷氧基,囟素或(C1~C4)烷基取代的苯基;R2,R3=CH3;X=O;R4=H;R5=3-苯氧基苯基或(4-氟-3-苯氧基)苯基时,通式(Ⅰ)的化合物除外。
作为必要时取代的烷基R1最好为可由囟素或(C1~C4)烷氧基取代的(C2~C12)烷基,取代的乙基,正丙基,异丙基,正丁基,叔丁基,3,3-二甲基丁基,正辛基,正癸基,正十二烷基及正十八烷基。
作为必要时取代的环烷基R1最好为单取代的环己基或二取代的环己基,其中作为取代基最好为(C1~C4)烷基,囟素和(C1~C4)烷氧基。
作为必要时取代的烯基R1最好为囟素单取代或多取代的(C4~C8)烯基,及/或被(C1~C4)烷氧基单取代或二取代的(C4~C8)烯基,例如取代的3-丁烯基,5-己烯基及7-辛烯基。
作为必要时取代的苯基R1或萘基R1最好为通式(A)或(B)中的苯基或萘基:式中0≤m+n+o≤4,
m,n,o:对式(A)为0至4,对式(B)为0至3。
R7,R8及R9为各自独立的被羟基任意取代的(C1~C4)烷基,三(C1~C4)烷基甲硅烷基,囟素,硝基,氰基,(C2~C6)烯基,(C2~C6)炔基,氨基,(C3~C7)环烷基,苯基,苯氧基,(C1~C5)烷氧基,(C2~C7)烯氧基,(C2~C4)炔氧基,羟羰基,(C1~C4)烷硫基,(C3~C7)环烷氧基,(C1~C6)烷羰基,(C1~C4)烷氧羰基,(C2~C4)烯氧羰基,(C3~C5)炔氧羰基,(C1~C4)囟代烷基,(C1~C4)烷氧基(C1~C4)烷基,(C1~C3)囟代烷氧基,(C1~C3)囟代烷硫基,囟代(C1~C4)烷氧基(C1~C4)烷基,(C1~C4)烷硫基(C1~C4)烷基,(C1~C4)烷氧基(C1~C4)烷氧基,囟代(C1~C4)烷氧基(C1~C4)烷氧基,(C2~C4)烯氧基(C1~C4)烷氧基,囟代(C2~C4)烯氧基,(C1~C4)烷氧基(C1~C4)烷硫基,(C1~C4)烷硫基(C1~C4)烷氧基,(C1~C4)烷硫基(C1~C4)烷硫基,囟代(C1~C4)烷氧羰基,囟代(C2~C4)烯氧羰基或二(C1~C6烷基)氨基,或当R7,R8,R9相邻排列时,则R7,R8,R9中的两个基形成亚甲基二氧基,亚乙基二氧基或(C3~C5)亚烷基。
R7,R8和R9最好为囟素,(C1~C4)烷基,(C2~C6)烯基,(C3~C7)环烷基,(C1~C5)烷氧基,(C2~C4)烯氧基,(C1~C4)囟代烷基,(C1~C3)囟代烷氧基。
R1最好是具有选自R7-R9中的0-3个取代基的苯基,特别是在间位或对位上具有最好选自上述R7-R9基团的1-3个取代基,尤其是1-2个取代基的苯基,其中的取代基最好是囟素,(C1~C4)烷基,(C1~C4)囟代烷基,(C1~C3)囟代烷氧基,(C1~C5)烷氧基。
下面列举了本发明中所指的R1的一些实例,当然本发明并不限于这些实例。
作为R1的实例有:
乙基,正丙基,异丙基,正丁基,3,3-二甲基丁基,正辛基,正癸基,正十八烷基,环己基,苄基,5-己烯基,7-辛烯基,1-萘基,苯基,3-甲基苯基,4-甲基苯基,3,4-二甲基苯基,4-氯苯基,3-三氟甲基苯基,4-三氟甲基苯基,2-萘基,3,4-二氯苯基,4-硝基苯基,4-甲硫基苯基,4-甲氧基苯基,3,4-二甲氧基苯基,3,4-亚甲基二氧苯基,4-二氟甲硫苯基,4-三氟甲硫苯基,3,4-二氟亚甲基二氧苯基,4-氰基苯基,4-氟苯基,4-溴苯基,3,4-二氟苯基,3,4-二溴苯基,4-氯-3-氟苯基,3-氯-4-氟苯基,3-氯-4-甲基苯基,3-溴-4-氯苯基,4-二氟甲氧苯基,3,4-双(二氟甲氧)苯基,4-三氟甲氧苯基,3,4-双(三氟甲氧)苯基,4-甲氧基-3,5-二甲基苯基,3,4-三氟亚乙基二氧苯基,4-叔丁基苯基,4-乙基苯基,4-异丙基苯基,3,4-二氟亚乙基二氧苯基,4-异丙烯基苯基,4-乙烯基苯基,4-(2,2-二氯乙烯基)苯基,4-氯-3-甲基苯基,3-溴-4-氟苯基,3-氟-4-溴苯基,4-氟-3-甲苯基,3-氟-4-甲苯基,3-溴-4-甲苯基,3,4-二乙苯基,3,4-二异丙基苯基,3-乙基-4-甲基苯基,4-异丙基-3-甲苯基,4-甲基磺酰丙基,4-烯丙基苯基,4-乙酰基苯基,4-乙氧甲酰苯基,4-乙氧苯基,1,2,3,4-四氢-7-萘基,3,5-二氯-4-甲苯基,1,2-二氢化-5-茚基,4-炔丙基苯基,3-甲氧基-4-甲苯基,4-甲氧基甲苯基,4-(1-氯-1-乙烯基)苯基,4-(2-氯烯丙基)苯基,4-异丁酰基苯基,4-甲氧羰基苯基,3-硝基-4,5-二甲基苯基,3-乙氧基-4-溴苯基,3-氯-4-甲氧苯基,4-溴-3-氯苯基,3,4-(二叔丁基)苯基,4-乙基-3-甲苯基,4-叔丁基-3-甲苯基,4-(1,1,2,2-四氟乙氧基)苯基,4-(2,2-二氯乙烯氧基)苯基,4-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)苯基,4-五氟乙氧基苯基,4-(氯二氟甲氧基)苯基,4-(氯氟甲氧基)苯基,4-(二氯氟甲氧基)苯基,4-(1,1-二氟乙氧基)苯基,4-(1,2,2-三氯-1,2-二氟乙氧基)苯基,4-(2-溴-1,1,2,2-四氟乙氧基)苯基,4-(2-丙炔氧基)苯基,4-(1-丙炔氧基)苯基,4-烯丙氧基苯基,4-乙炔氧基苯基,4-(2-氯乙炔基)苯基,4-(正丙氧基)苯基,4-异丙氧基苯基,4-环戊氧基苯基,4-(正戊氧基)苯基,4-异丁氧基苯基,4-碘苯基,4-乙烯氧基苯基,4-联苯基,4-(正丁氧基)苯基,4-(仲丁氧基)苯基,6-甲基-2-萘基,4-苯氧基苯基,4-(2-碘-1,1-二氟乙氧)苯基,4-环己氧基苯基,3-氯-4-乙氧基苯基,4-甲酰基苯基,4-乙氧甲基苯基,4-三氟乙酰氧基苯基,4-(1-乙氧乙基)苯基,4-(1-甲氧乙基)苯基,4-乙氧基-3-甲苯基,4-(2-甲基丙烯基)苯基,4-(1,2,2-三氟乙烯氧基)苯基,3,4-二乙氧基苯基,4-乙炔基苯基,4-乙氧基-3,5-二甲基苯基,4-乙氧基-3-甲氧苯基,4-乙硫基苯基,4-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧羰基)苯基,4-(2-氯乙氧基)苯基,4-(1-丁烯-2-基)苯基,4-(2-丁烯-2-基)苯基,4-甲氧甲硫基苯基,4-(1,2-二氯乙烯氧基)苯基,4-(2,3-二氯烯丙氧基)苯基,4-(2-碘-1-氟乙烯氧基)苯基,4-(2-氟乙氧基)苯基,4-(2-氯-1,1-二氟乙氧基)苯基,4-(2-氯-1-氟乙烯氧基)苯基,4-异丙硫基苯基,4-(2,2-二氯-1,1-二氟乙氧基)苯基,4-(2,2-二氯-1-氟乙烯氧基)苯基,4-(1,1,2,2-四氟乙氧基)苯基,3-氯-4-乙氧苯基,4-(四氢-3-呋喃氧基)苯基,4-乙硫基,3-乙氧苯基,4-烯丙氧基苯基,4-甲氧甲硫苯基,4-(2,2-二氯乙烯氧基)苯基,4-(1,1,1-三氟乙氧基)苯基。
R2和R3好为(C1~C3)烷基,如甲基,乙基,异丙基及正丙基,
或
R2和R3形成一个亚烷基链段,它与硅原子共同形成一个四员至六员环,例如硅环丁烷,硅环戊烷或硅环己烷。
R4最好为氢,氰基或(C1~C4)烷基,尤以氢为佳。
作为必要时取代的苯基R5最好为通式(C)的苯基,式中R10和R11可各自独立为H,囟素,(C1~C4)烷基,(C1~C4)烷氧基,(C1~C4)囟代烷基,苯基,N-吡咯基,或为通式(D)的基,式中R12和R13可各自独立为H,囟素,(C1~C4)烷基,(C1~C4)烷氧基以及(C1~C4)囟代烷基。U为-CH2-,
-O-或-S-,最好为-O-;V和W为CH或N,其中二者可同时为CH;也可V=N,但W=CH,反之亦然。对于通式(C)和(D)其它项的说明:p,q=0至5的整数,其条件是p+q之和必须为1至5的数值。
r,s=0,1或2,其条件是r+s之和必须等于0,1或2,并且还有一个条件是,如果R10和R11对应于(D)基团,则必须是p,q=0或1,以及p+q=1或2。
通式(C)中的基对R5这个基具有特殊意义,其中(R10)p为H或4-氟,(R11)q位于苯基的第3位上且为
作为必要时取代的吡啶基R5为通式(E)的单取代的吡啶基,式中R14=囟素(碘除外),(C1~C4)烷基,(C1~C4)烷氧基或(C1~C4)囟代烷基,Hal=囟素,特别是氟,或是氢。
作为必要时取代的噻嗯基R5或呋喃基R5为通式(F)的杂环,式中Z=O,S
R15=H,囟素,(C1-C4)烷基,(C1~C4)烷氧基,(C1~C4)囟代烷基,CN或NO2,
R16=必要时取代的苄基,炔丙基,烯丙基。
取代的苯基R5对本发明来说至关重要。
作为R5基典型例子给出以下基团:
五氟苯基,5-苄基-3-呋喃基,4-苯氧基苯基,3-苯氧基苯基,3-(4-氟苯氧基)苯基,3-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基,3-(4-溴苯氧基)苯基,3-(3-氟苯氧基)苯基,3-(3-氯苯氧基)苯基,3-(3-溴苯氧基)苯基,3-(2-氟苯氧基)苯基,3-(2-氯苯氧基)苯基,3-(2-溴苯氧基)苯基,3-(4-甲基苯氧基)苯基,3-(3-甲基苯氧基)苯基,3-(2-甲基苯氧基)苯基,3-(4-甲氧基苯氧基)苯基,3-(3-甲氧基苯氧基)苯基,3-(2-甲氧基苯氧基)苯基,3-(4-乙氧基苯氧基)苯基,3-(苯硫基)苯基,3-(4-氟苯硫基)苯基,3-(3-氟苯硫基)苯基,3-苯甲酰基苯基,3-苄基苯基,3-(4-氟苄基)苯基,3-(4-氯苄基)苯基,3-(3,5-二氯苯氧基)苯基,3-(3,4-二氯苯氧基)苯基,3-(4-氯-2-甲基苯氧基)苯基,3-(2-氧-5-甲基苯氧基)苯基,3-(4-氯-5-甲基苯氧基)苯基,3-(4-乙基苯氧基)苯基,3-(3-氯-5-甲氧基苯氧基)苯基,3-(2,5-二氯苯氧基)苯基,3-(3,5-二氯苯甲酰基)苯基,3-(3,4-二氯苯甲酰基)苯基,3-(4-甲基苄基)苯基,3-(4-异丙氧基苯氧基)苯基,4-氟-3-苯氧基苯基,4-氯-3-苯氧基苯基,4-溴-3-苯氧基苯基,4-氟-3-(4-氟苯氧基)苯基,4-氟-3-(4-氯苯氧基,4-氟-3-(4-溴苯氧基)苯基,4-氟-3-(4-甲基苯氧基)苯基,4-氟-3-(4-甲氧基苯氧基)苯基,4-氟-3-(3-氟苯氧基)苯基,4-氟-3-(3-氯苯氧基)苯基,4-氟-3(3-溴苯氧基)苯基,4-氟-3-(3-甲氧基苯氧基)苯基,4-氟-3-(4-乙氧基苯氧基)苯基,4-氟-3-(2-氟苯氧基)苯基,3-甲氧基-5-苯氧基苯基,2-氟-3-苯氧基苯基,2-氟-3-(4-氟苯氧基)苯基,2-氟-3-(3-氟苯氧基)苯基,2-氟-3-(2-氟苯氧基)苯基,3-氟-5-(4-氟苯氧基)苯基,3-氟-5-(3-氟苯氧基)苯基,3-氟-5-(2-氟苯氧基)苯基,4-甲基-3-苯氧基苯基,3-氟-5-(4-甲基苯氧基)苯基,3-氟-5-(3-甲氧基苯氧基)苯基,2-氟-5-(4-氟苯氧基)苯基,2-氟-5-(3-氟苯氧基)苯基,2-氟-5-(2-氟苯氧基)苯基,2-氯-3-苯氧基苯基,3-氟-5-苯氧基苯基,2-氟-5-苯氧基苯基,2-氯-5-苯氧基苯基,2-溴-5-苯氧基苯基,4-氯-3-(3-甲基苯氧基)苯基,4-氯-3-(4-氟苯氧基)苯基,3-氯-5-苯氧基苯基,3-溴-5-苯氧基苯基,4-溴-3-苯氧基苯基,4-三氟甲基-3-苯氧基苯基,4-氟-3-苯硫基苯基,4-氟-3-苄基苯基,3-(2-吡啶氧基)苯基,3-(3-吡啶氧基)苯基,4-氟-3-(2-吡啶氧基)苯基,4-氯-3-(2-吡啶氧基)苯基,4-溴-3(2-吡啶氧基)苯基,4-甲基-3-(2-吡啶氧基)苯基,4-氟-3-(3-吡啶氧基)苯基,4-氯-3-(3-吡啶氧基)苯基,4-溴-3-(3-吡啶氧基)苯基,4-甲基-3-(3-吡啶氧基)苯基,2-甲基-3-苯基苯基,2-甲基-3-(N-吡咯基)苯基,6-苯氧基-2-吡啶基,6-(4-氟苯氧基)-2-吡啶基,6-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-吡啶基,6-(4-溴苯氧基)-2-吡啶基,6-(4-甲基苯氧基)-2-吡啶基,6-(4-甲氧基苯氧基)-2-吡啶基,6-(4-乙氧基苯氧基)-2-吡啶基、6-(3-氟苯氧基)-2-吡啶基,6-(3-氯苯氧基)-2-吡啶基,6-(3-溴苯氧基-2-吡啶基,6-(3-甲氧基苯氧基)-2-吡啶基,6-(2-氟苯氧基)-2-吡啶基,6-(2-氯苯氧基)-2-吡啶基,6-(2-溴苯氧基)-2-吡啶基,5-炔丙基-3-呋喃基,N-苯邻二甲酰亚胺基,N-3,4,5,6-苯邻二甲酰亚胺基,2-甲基-5-炔丙基-3-呋喃基,4-叔丁基苯基,4-甲基苯基,4-异丙苯基,4-(2-氯-4-三氟甲基-2-吡啶氧基)苯基,4-环己基苯基,4-二氟甲氧苯基,4-联苯基及4-三甲基甲硅烷基苯基。作为
R5的其它典型例子是:2-烯丙基-3-甲基环戊-2-烯-1-酮-4-基,4-苯基-1,2-二氢化茚-2-基。
本发明也提出了通式(Ⅰ)所示化合物的制法,其中:
式中M相当于
当量的碱金属或碱土金属,特别是Li,Na,K,Mg,X'相当于亚甲基,R4'当于H,CN,F或(C1~C4)烷基,
或者
在周期表第Ⅷ副族元素络合物作为催化剂存在下,与通式(ⅩⅩⅪ)的烯烃进行反应,
作为起始化合物在a)制法中所用的通式(Ⅱ)所示硅烷,部分是新的,可按文献中已知方法制备,其中从通式(XⅧ),(ⅩⅨ)或(ⅩⅩ)所示硅烷出发进行制备,对尚缺的有机基可藉助适宜的金属有机试剂导入(参见《有机化学方法》(Houben-weyl),卷ⅩⅢ/5,Georg Thieme出版社,Stuttgart,1980),
(ⅩⅧ) (ⅩⅨ)
作为起始化合物在a)制法中所用通式(Ⅲ)所示的金属有机试剂,部分是新的,可按文献中已知方法制备,其中先按Reformatskij提出的方法〔见《有机化学方法》(Houben-Weyl),卷ⅩⅢ/2a,GeorgThieme出版社,Stuttgart 1973〕制成通式(ⅩⅪ)的羰基化合物,其中R和R的定义同上,然后再按Wittig〔见《有机化学方法》(Houben-Weyl),卷El,Georg Thieme出版社,Stuttgart 1982〕或者按Horner提出的方法〔见L.Horner,《化学研究进展》,7/1,1(1966/67)〕转化成相应的α,β-不饱和酯(ⅩⅫ),然后再按标准方法〔见《有机化学方法》(Houben-Weyl),卷4/1c及4/1d,Georg Thieme出版社,Stuttgart 1980和1981〕将其还原成为醇(ⅩⅩⅢ),并且再按标准方法〔见《有机化学方法》(Houben-Weyl),卷5/3及5/4,Georg Thieme出版社,Stuttgart 1960和1962〕将其转化成为适宜的囟化物(ⅩⅩⅣ),最后用碱金属或碱土金属使其转化为所需要的类型(Ⅲ)所示的金属有机试剂。
作为起始化合物在b)制法中所用的通式(Ⅳ)和(Ⅴ)所示硅烷,部分是新的,可按文献中已知方法制备〔见《有机化学方法》(Houben-Weyl),卷ⅩⅢ/5,Georg Thieme出版社,Stuttgart 1980〕,其中,
与通式(ⅩⅤ)所示金属氧基试剂反应,
R1′-M (ⅩⅤ)
从而形成类型(Ⅶ)的中间产物,Y=囟素然后按标准方法〔见《有机化学方法》(Houben-Weyl),卷13/3a,Georg Thieme出版社,Stuttgat 1982〕转化为硼烷(ⅩⅩⅥ),最后按文献中已知方法〔见《有机化学方法》(Houben-Weyl),卷13/3c,Georg Thieme出版社,Stuttgart 1984〕将其裂解为所希望的化合物(Ⅳ)(X=O,S)。
2)将通式(ⅩⅩⅦ)所示硅烷,式中Y为囟素或
按文献已知方法〔见《有机化学方法》(Houben-Weyl),卷ⅩⅢ/5,Georg Thieme出版社,Stuttgart1980〕与碱金属反应转化为相应的金属化的硅烷,然后与甲醛反应便生成类型(Ⅳ)化合物,其中X=O。
与通式(ⅩⅤ)所示金属有机试剂反应,
R1′-M (ⅩⅤ)
含有Y为磺酸酯的化合物(Ⅶ)可由类型(Ⅳ)带有磺酸基的醇进行适宜的酯化反应来合成,该反应可按一般方法进行〔见《有机化学方法》(Houben-Weyl),卷Ⅸ,Georg Thieme出版社,Stuttgart1955〕,
其中X=O。
作为起始化合物在制法h)中所用的通式ⅩⅩⅩ所示硅烷,部分是新的,可按文献中已知方法制备〔见《有机化学方法》(Houben-Weyl),卷ⅩⅢ/5,Georg Thieme出版社,Stuttgart 1980〕,其中,
R1′-M (Ⅺ)
或者
2)将通式(Ⅱ)所示硅烷与金属氢化物,例如与氢化钠或氢化锂铝进行反应而制得。
与通式ⅩⅩⅩⅥa或ⅩⅩⅩⅥb所示金属有机试剂进行反应而制得,
M-R5(ⅩⅩⅩⅥa) M-R4′(ⅩⅩⅩⅥb)
这两种化合物可用相应的囟素化合物制得。
作为起始化合物在i)制法中所用的通式ⅩⅩⅫ所示金属化硅烷,部分是新的,可按文献中已知的方法由离析物ⅩⅩⅦ与碱金属反应而制得:其中Y1为囟素或
作为起始化合物在制法i)中所用的烷基化剂ⅩⅩⅩⅢ,部分也是新的,可按文献中已知的方法制得〔见,例如《有机化学方法》(Houben-Weyl),卷Ⅴ/3,Georg Thieme出版社,Stuttgart1962〕,其中,例如在X=O时,可由通式ⅩⅩⅩⅦ所示醇与囟化剂如氢氯酸,氢溴酸或亚硫酰(二)氯在多聚甲醛存在下进行反应而制得,
其它作为起始化合物所用的通式(Ⅵ),(Ⅷ),(Ⅸ),(Ⅹ),(Ⅺ),(Ⅻ),(ⅩⅢ),(ⅩⅣ),(ⅩⅤ),(ⅩⅥ)及(ⅩⅦ)所示化合物,部分也是新的。可按上述文献中的合成步骤进行合成(参见上述引用的文献)。
已讲到的合成方案a),d),e),f),g)及i)最好均在稀释剂中进行,稀释剂的性能取决于所用的金属有机物的种类。作为稀释剂尤以脂肪烃和芳烃为宜,诸如戊烷,己烷,庚烷,环己烷,石油醚,汽油,石油英,苯,甲苯及二甲苯,醚类如二乙醇,二丁醚,乙二醇二甲醚,二甘醇二甲醚,四氢呋喃,二恶烷,并包括由前述溶剂组成的各种可能的混合物。
在上述合成方案中,反应温度在-75℃和+150℃之间,尤其是在-75℃和+105℃之间为宜。起始原料通常当量加入,但也可能有一种组分或其它组分过量。
对于上述其它合成方案b)和c)来说,基本上同方案a)及d)-g)。但在采用类型(Ⅳ)及(Ⅷ)离析物时,还允许采用其它稀释剂。在这种情况下适于采用下列稀释剂,酮类如丙酮,甲乙酮,甲基异丙基酮及甲基异丁基酮,酯类如乙酸甲酯及乙酸乙酯,腈类如乙腈及丙腈,酰胺类如二甲基甲酰胺,二甲基乙酰胺,以及N-甲基吡咯烷酮,二甲基亚砜,四亚甲基砜(环丁砜)和六甲基磷酸三酰胺。作为碱可用无机碱,诸如碱金属或碱土金属的氢氧化物,氢化物,碳酸盐或碳酸氢盐,但也可用有机碱,诸如吡啶,三乙胺,N,N-二异丙基乙胺或者二氮二环辛烷。
与通式(Ⅰ)化合物所有其它合成方法相反,所提到的合成方案h)最好是在无稀释剂下进行,但也适于用溶剂,如用环己烷,石油醚,苯,甲苯,二甲苯及其它反应介质。作为催化剂可用周期表第Ⅷ副族元素的络合物,如用H2Pt Cl6,Co2(CO)8,Rh4(CO)12,Ir4(CO)2或RhCl〔P(C6H5)3〕3〔见《有机化学方法》(Houben-Weyl),卷ⅩⅢ/5,GeorgThieme出版社,Stuttgart 1980,第51页以下及该书引用的文献〕。催化剂对反应的离析物的配比视催化剂种类而定,例如在用H2Pt Cl6情况下,其变化范围为1∶107至1∶106。
通式(Ⅰ)所示化合物的分离及必需时的精制可按通用方法进行。例如采用溶剂蒸发法(必要时在减压下进行)及随后的连续蒸馏法或色谱柱提纯法,或采用两相间粗产品分配以及随后的普通加工方法。
通式(Ⅰ)化合物均能很好地溶解在绝大多数有机溶剂中。
这类生物活性化合物具有良好的植物相容性以及优良的热血动物致毒性,适于防治动物侵害,特别适于防治在农业,森林,仓库及物料保存以及公共卫生领域中常出现的昆虫、蛛形纲动物和线虫。这类化合物对一般具有知觉性及具有抵抗力的生物种以及在全部或个别发育阶段的生物种均有防治效果。上述各类害虫包括:
属于等足目,例如潮虫(球鼠妇),鼠妇(Armadillidium Vulgare),Porcellio scaber。
属于倍员目:例如Blaniulus guttulnatus。
属于唇足亚纲,例如地蜈蚣(Geophilus carpophagus),蚰蜒(Scutigera spec.)
属于综合纲,例如庭园么蚰。
属于缨尾目,例如西洋衣鱼。
属于弹尾目,例如刺跳虫(Onychiurus armatus)。
属于直翅目,例如东方蠊,美洲大蠊,马德拉蠊,德国蠊(茶婆虫),家蟋,蝼蛅属,非洲飞蝗,异黑蝗,沙漠蝗。
属于革翅目,例如欧洲球螋。
属于等翅目,例如散白蚁属。
属于虱目,例如葡萄根瘤蚜,瘿绵蚜属,体虱,盲虱属,长鄂虱属。
属于食毛目,例如羽虱属,畜虱属。
属于缨翅目,例如温室条篱蓟马,烟蓟马。
属于异翅亚目,例如扁盾蝽属,红蝽(Dysdercus intermedius),方背皮蝽,温带臭虫,长江猪蝽,猪蝽属。
属于同翅目,例如甘兰粉虱,木薯粉虱,温室粉虱,棉蚜,甘蓝蚜,茶藨隐瘤蚜,敌伏蚜,敌普蚜,苹果绵蚜,梅大尾蚜,麦长管蚜,瘤额蚜属,忽布疣蚜,缢管属,小叶蝉,诱贝蚜,艾辛蚜,水木竖蚧,乌盔蚧,灰飞虱,褐飞虱,红肾圆盾蚧,常春藤圆盾蚧,粉蚧属,木虱属。
属于鳞翅目,例如:红玲麦蛾,松尺蠖,Cheimnatobia brtumata蛾,苹细蛾,苹果巢蛾,菜蛾,黄褐天幕毛虫,黄毒蛾,毒娥,棉潜蛾,桔潜蛾,夜蛾属,切根虫属,地虎属,埃及金刚钻,夜蛾属,甜菜夜蛾,甘蓝夜蛾,松夜娥,斜纹夜蛾,夜蛾属,粉纹夜蛾,苹果小卷蛾,菜粉蝶属,螟类,玉米螟,地中海粉斑螟,六蜡螟,幕谷蛾,袋谷蛾,褐织蛾,亚麻黄卷蛾,烟卷蛾,枞色卷蛾,葡萄果蠹蛾,茶长卷蛾,栎绿卷蛾。
属于鞘翅目,例如:家具窃蠹,谷蠹,菜锥胸豆象,菜豆象,北美家天牛,杨树萤叶甲,马玲薯叶甲,辣根猿叶,叶甲属,油菜金头跳甲,大豆瓢虫,锯谷盗,花象属,谷象属,黑葡萄耳象,香蕉根颈象,白菜籽龟象,紫苜蓿叶象,皮蠹属,斑皮蠹属,圆皮蠹属,毛皮蠹属,粉蠹属,菜花露尾甲,蛛甲属,黄蛛甲,裸蛛甲,拟谷盗属,黄粉虫,叩头虫属,宽胸叩头虫属,西方五月鳃鱼角金龟,马玲薯鳃角金龟,褐新西兰助翅鳃角金龟。
属于膜翅目,例如:据角叶蜂属,叶蜂属,地蚁属,法老蚁,胡蜂属。
属于双翅目,例如,伊蚊属,按蚊属,库蚊属,黑尾果蝇,象蝇属,厕蝇属,红头丽蝇,绿蝇属,金蝇属,疽蝇科,胃蝇属,赭虱屠,厩螯蝇属,狂蝇属,皮蝇属,虻属,螗蜩属,毛蚊属,瑞典麦杆蝇,草种蝇属,甜菜泉蝇,地中海蜡实蝇,橄榄大实蝇,欧洲大蚊。
属于蚤目,例如:印鼠客蚤,角叶蚤属。
属于蝽科,例如:蝎蛉,黑寡妇球腹蛛。
属于蜱螨目,例如:粗脚粉螨,锐绿蜱属,钝缘蜱属,鸡皮刺螨,茶藨瘿螨,洁芸锈螨,牛蜱属,扁头蜱科,花蜱属,卉乐蜱属,硬蜱属,痒螨属,皮痒螨属,疥螨属,跗线螨属,苜蓿苔螨,全爪螨属,叶螨属。
此外,本发明提出的化合物对损害植物的线虫具有优异的抵抗作用,如防治根结线虫属,狭佈叩头虫,茎线虫,叶线虫,内侵线虫,球线虫,草地垫刃线虫属,长囊线虫,剑尾线虫。
本发明也提出一种制剂,它除含有适宜的配方助剂外还含有通式(Ⅰ)化合物。
根据本发明提出的制剂一般含有1~95%(重量)的通式(Ⅰ)生物活性物质。一般可将它们配制成可湿性粉剂,乳油,喷撒溶液,粉剂或颗粒剂加以利用。
可湿性粉剂可制成均匀分散在水中的制剂,这种制剂除含有生物活性物质及稀释剂,或惰性物质,还含有润湿剂,例如含有聚氧乙基化烷基酚,聚氧乙基化脂肪醇,烷基磺酸盐或烷基苯酚磺酸盐以及分散剂,例如木质素磺酸钠,2,2′-二萘基甲烷-6,6′-二磺酸钠,二丁基萘磺酸钠或者油酰基甲基牛磺酸钠。
乳油可在加入一种或多种乳化剂下将生物活性物质溶解在有机溶剂中制成,例如溶解在丁醇,环己酮,二甲基甲酰胺,二甲苯中,也可溶解在高沸点芳烃或烃类中。作为乳化剂可采用:烷基芳基磺酸钙盐,如十二烷基苯磺酸钙,或非离子型乳化剂,如脂肪酸聚乙二醇酯,烷基劳基聚乙二醇醚,脂肪醇聚乙二醇醚,环氧丙烷一环氧乙烷缩合产物,烷基聚醚,脱水山梨(糖)醇脂肪酸酯,聚氧乙烯脱水山梨(糖)醇脂肪酸酯或聚氧乙烯山梨酸酯。
粉剂可通过生物活性物质与细分散固体材料,例如与滑石,天然粘土,如高岭土,膨润土,斑岩或硅藻土共同研磨而制得。颗粒剂可将生物活性物质喷涂在吸附性的颗粒状惰性材料上而制得,或者借助粘合剂,例如聚乙烯醇、聚丙烯酸钠,也可借助矿物油将生物活性物质浓缩物敷在载体材料如砂,高岭土的表面上,或者敷在颗粒状惰性材料的表面上而制得。也可采用生产肥料颗粒用的普通方式,根据需要将适当的生物活性物质与肥料混合而制得。
基于本发明的生物活性物质可采用一般市售品制剂形式以及采用将这些配方与其它生物活性物质互相混合并进一步加工成的其它应用形式,例如与杀虫剂,诱饵,杀菌剂,杀螨剂,杀线虫剂,防霉剂,植物生长调节剂或除草剂互相混合。例如,所用杀虫剂特别是磷酸酯,氨基甲酸酯,碳酸酯,甲脒,锡化合物,由微生物制得的物料、优选的混合组分包括:
1.选自磷酸酯类
益棉磷,保棉磷,1-(4-氯苯基)-4-(O-乙基,S-丙基)磷酰氧基吡唑(TIA-230),毒死蜱,蝇毒磷,内吸磷,甲基内吸磷,二嗪磷,敌敌畏,乐果,灭线磷,乙嘧硫磷,杀螟硫磷,倍硫磷,庚烯磷,对硫磷,甲基对硫磷,伏杀硫磷,嘧啶磷,甲基嘧啶磷,丙溴磷,丙硫磷,甲丙硫磷,三唑磷,敌百虫;
2.选自氨基甲酸酯类
涕灭威,噁虫威,BPMC(2-(1-甲基丙基)苯基甲基氨基甲酸酯),丁酮威,Butoxicarboxim,甲萘威,克百威,丁硫克百威,除线威,叶蝉散,灭多威,杀线威,Primicarb,猛杀威,残杀威,硫双威;
3.选自羧酸酯类
烯丙菊酯,甲体氯氰,生物烯丙菊酯,生物苄呋菊酯,乙氰菊酯,Cyfluthrin,Cyhalothrin,氯氰菊酯,溴氰菊酯,2,2-二甲基-3-(2-氯-2三氟甲基乙烯基)环丙烷甲酸(α-氰基-3-苯基-2-甲基苄基)酯(FMC54800),甲氰菊酯,五氟苯菊酯,氰戊菊酯,氟氰戊菊酯,氟氯苯菊酯,氟胺氰菊酯,氯菊酯,苄呋喃酯,四溴菊酯;
4.选自甲脒类
双虫脒,杀虫脒;
5.选自锡化合物类
三唑锡,三环锡,苯丁锡;
6.其它类
α-和β-Avermectine,苏云金杆菌,杀虫磺,乐杀螨,四螨嗪,噻嗪酮(Buprofecin),杀螟丹,灭蝇胺(Cyromacin),三氯杀螨醇,硫丹,醚菊酯,双氧威,噻螨酮,3-〔2-(4-乙氧苯基)-2-甲基-丙氧甲基〕-1,3-二苯醚(MTI-500),5-〔4-(4-乙氧苯基)-4-甲基戊基〕-2-氟-1,3-二苯醚(MTI-800),3-(2-氯苯基)-3-羟基-2-(2-苯基-4-噻唑基)丙烯腈(SN72129),杀虫环,Kernpolyederen及Granuloseviren。
在一般市售品制剂基础上加工过的应用形式中,生物活性物质的含量可在宽范围内变化。在这种应用形式中生物活性物质浓度可达0.0000001至100%(重量),最好在0.00001和1%(重量)之间。
施用要采用与使用形式相适应的方式。
本发明提出的生物活性物质也适宜于防治外寄生虫和内寄生虫,特别适用于防治兽医领域及家畜领域的外寄生害虫。
使用本发明提出的生物活性物质时可采用通常的使用方式,例如采用片剂、胶囊,饮料及粒剂等口服形式,也可采用经皮肤使用的方式,例如浸泡(浸渍),喷涂(喷洒),灌浇(灌淋),撒粉,以及采用不经肠道的方式,例如注射。
因此,本发明提出的通式Ⅰ新型化合物在施用于家畜(例如牛,猪及鸡、鹅等家禽)方面也具有独特的效果。本发明提出的新型化合物将以动物易于摄取的形式让其服用,根据需要加工成适宜的制剂(参照上述),必要时与饮料或饲料一起供口服之用。由于在粪便排泄物中继续发生效用,所以可很简便地利用该方法防止害虫在动物粪便中的繁衍。每种适宜的剂量和配方都要具体地根据被防治的动物的种类及发育阶段以及害虫侵扰程度而定,并且采用一般方法就很容易获知和确定。例如,对牛来说这种新型化合物使用剂量为0.1至100毫克/公斤体重。
用下述实例对本发明加以说明。
A.配方实例
a)粉剂由10份(重量)生物活性物质和90份(重量)滑石作为惰性材料进行混合而制得,并经锤磨机粉碎。
b)易在水中分散的可湿性粉剂由25份(重量)生物活性物质,65份(重量)含高岭土的石英作为惰性材料,10份(重量)木质素磺酸钾及1份(重量)油酰甲牛磺酸钠作为润湿剂和分做剂进行混合而制得,并经棒磨机研磨。
c)易分散于水中的分散体浓缩物由20份(重量)生物活性物质与6份(重量)烷基苯酚聚乙二醇醚(Triton X207),3份(重量)异十三烷醇聚乙二醇醚(8Aeo)及71份(重量)烷(属)烃矿物油(例如,沸程约从225至377℃以上)进行混合而制得,并经球磨机研磨至粒度低于5微米。
d)乳油由15份(重量)生物活性物质,75份(重量)环己酮作为溶剂以及10份(重量)氧乙基化壬基苯酚(10Aeo)作为乳化剂而制得。
e)颗粒剂由2至15份(重量)生物活性物质及惰性粒状载体材料,如绿坡缕石,浮石粒料及/或石英砂而制得。
B.化学反应实例
制备过程
a)由12.34克(50毫摩尔)3-(3-苯氧基苯基)丙基氯和溶于30毫升无水乙醚中的1.22克(50毫摩尔)镁进行反应生成相应的格氏(Grignard)剂。向其中滴加溶于10毫升乙醚中的由二甲基-(4-乙氧苯基)甲硅烷基氯(66%(重量))及二甲基-(4-乙氧苯基)甲硅烷基溴(34%(重量))所组成的混合物11.5克(50毫摩尔),然后加热回流40小时。冷却至约10℃后,反应混合物与50毫升冰水及150毫升乙醚混合,并激烈搅拌。分离出水相后,相继用50毫升水和50毫升半饱和的食盐溶液洗涤有机层,再经CaCl干燥,并蒸发浓缩。剩余物(19.3克=99%理论值)用球管蒸馏。经220~240℃/0.1毫巴压力下干燥,得到15.6克(80%理论值)二甲基-(4-乙氧苯基)-3-(3-苯氧苯基)丙基硅烷。nD 22.3=1.5667。
b)由4.16克(20毫摩尔)2,3,4,5,6-五氟烯丙基苯和3.79克(21毫摩尔)二甲基-(4-乙氧苯基)硅烷组成的混合物与少量六氯铂酸掺混,并在室温下搅拌。约30分钟后出现强放热反应。反应混合物经过重新冷却后,产品经过球管蒸馏进行提纯。经160~165℃/0.2毫巴压力下干燥,得到6.71克(86%)二甲基-(4-乙氧苯基)-3-(2,3,4.5,6-五氟苯基)丙基硅烷无色油品,nD 23=1.4988。
C.生物活性试验实例
实例1
将含有1000ppm生物活性物质的用水稀释的乳液喷洒在具有大量菜豆蚜虫(豆蚜-Aphis craccivora)的农田植物菜豆(蚕豆-Vicia faba)上,喷洒量直至开始滴落为止。三天后,当采用实例5,33,51,54,55,68,70,75,85,86,90,112和114的生物活性物质药剂时,死亡率分别达到100%。
实例2
将用水稀释的乳液(含1000ppm生物活性物质)喷淋在具有大量粉虱(温室白粉虱-Trialeurodes vaporarium)的豆科植物(普通菜豆-Phaseolus vulgaris)上,喷淋量直至开始滴落为止。将植物置于培植室后,用显微镜观查,当采用实例33,54,55,68,90和104的生物活性物质药剂时,十五天后的结果是,死亡率分别达到100%。
实例3
试验过程:类似实例2
试验用动物:棉叶螨(Tetronychus urticae)
试验植物:普通菜豆
药剂用量:喷淋液中含1000ppm生物活性物质
八天后测试药效表明,当采用化合物序号33时,死亡率达到100%。
实例4
将用水稀释的乳液(喷淋液中含1000ppm生物活性物质)喷洒有具有大量桔蚜(桔粉蚧-Pseudococcus citri)的豆科植物(普通菜豆)上,喷洒量直至开始滴落为止。
在20~25℃培植室放置七天时间后检查发现:
采用实例5,33,51,54,55,68,70,75.85,86,90,112和114化合物时,死亡率达到100%。
实例5
用水稀释的乳液(喷淋液中含生物活性物质1000ppm)处理棉(臭)虫(美州脊胸长蝽-Oncopeltus fasciatus),所用生物活性物质选自实例5,33,51,54,55,68,70,75,85,86,90,112和114。
然后将棉虫在室温下放置在带有通气盖的容器中。
处理后五天发现棉虫死亡,使用每种上述生物活性物质时死亡率均达100%。
实例6
每次用3毫升含2000ppm生物活性物质的水乳液在饲料糊凝固后喷洒在用合成营养介质涂层的佩特里(Petri)培养皿的底部内侧。喷洒层干燥后,加入10只普通棉蚧虫(斜纹液蛾-Prodenia litura),将培养皿在21℃下保存七天,然后测定每种化合物效能(用%死亡率表示)。在该试验中,化合物5,33,51,54,55,68,70,85,86,90,100,104,112和114的效能分别为100%。
实例7
用浓度为1000ppm(以生物活性物质计)的实例68化合物的水乳液处理豆科植物(普通菜豆)的叶子,并同时在观察笼中放入墨西哥豆科甲虫(Epilachnavarivestis)幼虫。48小时后评价;被试验的动物100%死亡。用实例33,51,55和70化合物所做的试验均显示出相同的效能。
实例8
用吸移管取出1毫升浓度为1000ppm的溶于丙酮中的实例68化合物作为生物活性物质,将其均匀涂敷在佩特里培养皿顶盖及底部内侧,并且敞开培养皿直到溶剂完全蒸发。然后将10只舍蝇(家蝇-Musca domestica)放入加盖的佩特里培养皿中。3小时后,被试验的动物100%死亡。采用实例5,33,51,55,70和86化合物也显示出相同效能。
实例9
用吸移管每次取出1毫升浓度为2000ppm的溶于丙酮中的生物活性物质溶液,将其均匀涂敷在佩特里培养皿顶盖及底部内侧。溶剂完全蒸发后,向每个佩特里培养皿加入10只德国小蠊(Blatella germanica)幼虫(L4),并用盖关上培养皿。72小时后评断效能(用%死亡率表示)。在该试验中,化合物1,3,5,28,33,51,54,55,68,70,75,85,86,100,112和114的效能均为100%。
Claims (18)
1.农药组合物,其特征在于其中含有1-95重量%的通式(Ⅰ)化合物和合适的配制助剂,式中X=CH2,NR6,R1为(C2~C12)烷基,通式(A)或(B)的苯基或萘基,式中m,n,o,对通式(A)为0至4的数值,对通式(B)为0至3的数值,其条件是0≤m+n+o≤4,R7,R8,R9各自独立地代表被羟基任意取代的(C1~C4)烷基,卤素,硝基,苯氧基,(C1~C5)烷氧基,(C1~C4)烷硫基,(C1~C6)烷羰基,(C1~C4)卤代烷基,(C1~C3)卤代烷氧基,(C1~C3)卤代烷硫基,或者当R7,R8,R9相邻排列时,其中的两个基形成亚甲基二氧基,
R2,R3为(C1~C3)烷基或烯基,或与相邻的硅原子共同形成一个四员至六员环,
R4为H或(C1~C4)烷基以及
R5为通式(C)的苯基
式中R12和R13各自独立地代表H,卤素,(C1~C4)烷基,(C1~C4)烷氧基及(C1~C4)卤代烷基,
U为O,
V,w为CH,
p,q=0至5的整数,但条件是p+q之和必须为1至5的数值,
r,s=0,1或2,但条件是r+s之和必须为0,1或2,同时要求,如果R10和R11相当于(D)类基时,则p,q必须为0或1并且p+q之和必须为1或2,
式中R14为卤素(碘除外),(C1~C4)烷基,(C1~C4)烷氧基或(C1~C4)卤代烷基,Hal为卤素或氢,
R6=H,(C1~C3)烷基。
2.根据权利要求1的农药组合物,其中该组合物选自可湿性粉剂、乳油、喷撒溶液、粉剂和颗粒剂。
3.根据权利要求2的农药组合物,其中可湿性粉剂除式(Ⅰ)化合物之外还包含稀释剂或惰性物质以及润湿剂。
4.根据权利要求2的农药组合物,其中乳油包含在有机溶剂和一种或多种乳化剂中的式(Ⅰ)化合物。
5.根据权利要求2的农药组合物,其中粉剂包含研磨的式(Ⅰ)化合物和细分散的固体物质。
6.根据权利要求2的农药组合物,其中颗粒剂包含在吸附性的颗粒状惰性材料上的雾化的式(Ⅰ)化合物或包含借助于粘合剂涂敷在载体材料表面上的式(Ⅰ)化合物的浓缩物。
7.杀虫组合物,其特征在于其中含有1-95重量%的通式(Ⅰ)化合物和合适的配制助剂,式中X=CH2,NR6,R1为(C2~C12)烷基,通式(A)或(B)的苯基或萘基,式中m,n,o,对通式(A)为0至4的数值,对通式(B)为0至3的数值,其条件是0≤m+n+o≤4,R7,R8,R9各自独立地代表被羟基任意取代的(C1~C4)烷基,卤素,硝基,苯氧基,(C1~C5)烷氧基,(C1~C4)烷硫基,(C1~C6)烷羰基,(C1~C4)卤代烷基,(C1~C3)卤代烷氧基,(C1~C3)卤代烷硫基,或者当R7,R8,R9相邻排列时,其中的两个基形成亚甲基二氧基,
R2,R3为(C1~C3)烷基或烯基,或与相邻的硅原子共同形成一个四员至六员环,
R4为H或(C1~C4)烷基以及
R5为通式(C)的苯基
式中R12和R13各自独立地代表H,卤素,(C1~C4)烷基,(C1~C4)烷氧基及(C1~C4)卤代烷基,
U为O,
V,w为CH,
p,q=0至5的整数,但条件是p+q之和必须为1至5的数值,
r,s=0,1或2,但条件是r+s之和必须为0,1或2,同时要求,如果R10和R11相当于(D)类基时,则p,q必须为0或1并且p+q之和必须为1或2,
式中R14为卤素(碘除外),(C1~C4)烷基,(C1~C4)烷氧基或(C1~C4)卤代烷基,Hal为卤素或氢,
R6=H,(C1~C3)烷基。
8.根据权利要求7的杀虫组合物,其中该组合物选自可湿性粉剂、乳油、喷撒溶液、粉剂和颗粒剂。
9.根据权利要求8的杀虫组合物,其中可湿性粉剂除式(Ⅰ)化合物之外还包含稀释剂或惰性物质以及润湿剂。
10.根据权利要求8的杀虫组合物,其中乳油包含在有机溶剂和一种或多种乳化剂中的式(Ⅰ)化合物。
11.根据权利要求8的杀虫组合物,其中粉剂包含研磨的式(Ⅰ)化合物和细分散的固体物质。
12.根据权利要求8的杀虫组合物,其中颗粒剂包含在吸附性的颗粒状惰性材料上的雾化的式(Ⅰ)化合物或包含借助于粘合剂涂敷在载体材料表面上的式(Ⅰ)化合物的浓缩物。
13.杀螨组合物,其特征在于其中含有1-95重量%的通式(Ⅰ)化合物和合适的配制助剂,式中X=CH2,NR6,R1为(C2~C12)烷基,通式(A)或(B)的苯基或萘基,式中m,n,o,对通式(A)为0至4的数值,对通式(B)为0至3的数值,其条件是0≤m+n+o≤4,R7,R8,R9各自独立地代表被羟基任意取代的(C1~C4)烷基,卤素,硝基,苯氧基,(C1~C5)烷氧基,(C1~C4)烷硫基,(C1~C6)烷羰基,(C1~C4)卤代烷基,(C1~C3)卤代烷氧基,(C1~C3)卤代烷硫基,或者当R7,R8,R9相邻排列时,其中的两个基形成亚甲基二氧基,
R2,R3为(C1~C3)烷基或烯基,或与相邻的硅原子共同形成一个四员至六员环,
R4为H或(C1~C4)烷基以及
R5为通式(C)的苯基
其中R10和R11各自独立地为H,卤素,(C1~C4)烷基或通式(D)的基,
式中R12和R13各自独立地代表H,卤素,(C1~C4)烷基,(C1~C4)烷氧基及(C1~C4)卤代烷基,
U为O,
V,w为CH,
p,q=0至5的整数,但条件是p+q之和必须为1至5的数值,
r,s=0,1或2,但条件是r+s之和必须为0,1或2,同时要求,如果R10和R11相当于(D)类基时,则p,q必须为0或1并且p+q之和必须为1或2,
式中R14为卤素(碘除外),(C1~C4)烷基,(C1~C4)烷氧基或(C1~C4)卤代烷基,Hal为卤素或氢,
R6=H,(C1~C3)烷基。
14.根据权利要求13的杀螨组合物,其中该组合物选自可湿性粉剂、乳油、喷撒溶液、粉剂和颗粒剂。
15.根据权利要求14的杀螨组合物,其中可湿性粉剂除式(Ⅰ)化合物之外还包含稀释剂或惰性物质以及润湿剂。
16.根据权利要求14的杀螨组合物,其中乳油包含在有机溶剂和一种或多种乳化剂中的式(Ⅰ)化合物。
17.根据权利要求14的杀螨组合物,其中粉剂包含研磨的式(Ⅰ)化合物和细分散的固体物质。
18.根据权利要求14的杀螨组合物,其中颗粒剂包含在吸附性的颗粒状惰性材料上的雾化的式(Ⅰ)化合物或包含借助于粘合剂涂敷在载体材料表面上的式(Ⅰ)化合物的浓缩物。
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- 1986-10-24 CA CA000521290A patent/CA1340979C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 1986-10-25 KR KR1019860008960A patent/KR940009030B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
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- 1986-11-18 MY MYPI86000103A patent/MY101121A/en unknown
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1988
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1989
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1990
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1991
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