CN104054747B - The soil fumigant that a kind of DMDS, chloropicrin and lythidathion are composite - Google Patents
The soil fumigant that a kind of DMDS, chloropicrin and lythidathion are composite Download PDFInfo
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- CN104054747B CN104054747B CN201410294879.5A CN201410294879A CN104054747B CN 104054747 B CN104054747 B CN 104054747B CN 201410294879 A CN201410294879 A CN 201410294879A CN 104054747 B CN104054747 B CN 104054747B
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Abstract
The invention discloses composite soil fumigant and the application thereof of a kind of DMDS, chloropicrin and lythidathion that belongs to soil technical field of pesticide. The active component that it comprises following percentage by weight: DMDS 40-70%, chloropicrin 25-55%, lythidathion 0.1-5%. Soil fumigant of the present invention can effectively be prevented and treated soil-borne disease fungal pathogens, and nematode and weeds, have broad spectrum activity. Composition of the present invention is to root-knot nematode, and reaping hook belongs to fungi, Phytophthora fungi, pythium fungi, beak load belongs to fungi, Colletotrichum fungi, the mould genus fungi of post fruit, must belong to fungi by shell spore, and silk core belongs to fungi and wheel branch belongs to fungi, weeds in field all has obvious synergistic effect, use conveniently, to crop safety, simultaneously, it is residual that three kinds of medicaments all do not have in soil, to crop safety.
Description
Technical field
Invention belongs to soil technical field of pesticide, is specifically related to a kind of DMDS, chloropicrin and lythidathion compositeSoil fumigant and the application in control root-knot nematode and soil-borne disease.
Background technology
Soil disinfection technology be one can kill efficiently, rapidly pathogenetic bacteria in soil, fungi, weeds, nematode withAnd subterranean pest-insect also can suppress the technology of its growth. Along with further expansion and the high added value crop of warmhouse booth cultivated areaCultivation year after year, the problem of soil-borne disease is more and more outstanding, often cause the underproduction reduce product quality. Therefore soil disinfection technologyA kind ofly can effectively control one of important measures of soil-borne disease.
Traditional method of preventing and treating soil-borne disease has breeding for disease resistance, carries out crop rotation, ploughs deeply grafting, uses chemical pesticide etc.Wherein the most frequently used is also that effective method is to carry out soil-fumigating sterilization, and fumigant used mostly is methyl bromide. Methyl bromide soilEarth sterilization can be eliminated nematode in soil, fungi, insect, weeds etc. well, and crop yield is remarkable, is deeply subject to peasant joyous in productionMeet, domestic and international application is extensive. But due to the methyl bromide material that damages the ozone layer, united state classifies United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) limit control material asTo ban use of in 2015.
Have for the alternative chemicals of Celfume at present multiple, wherein conventional have chloropicrin, 1.3-dichloropropylene,Metham-sodium, dazomet, DMDS, iodomethane etc. But the result of use of single dose is not obvious, and broad spectrum activity is not strong, as DMDSSoil is passed to nematode good effect, but poor to the effect of disease fungus and bacterium, chloropicrin has disease fungus and bacteriumWell effect, but poor to nematode effect. Therefore, suitable soil fumigant is used in combination to expanding prevention spectrum and controlEffect, becomes a significant research topic.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the composite soil fumigant of a kind of DMDS, chloropicrin and lythidathion.
The present invention also aims to provide above-mentioned soil fumigant at control soil-borne disease fungal pathogens, in nematode and weedsApplication.
The soil fumigant that DMDS, chloropicrin and lythidathion are composite, is characterized in that, described soil-fumigatingThe active component DMDS 40-70% that agent contains following percentage by weight, chloropicrin 25-55%, lythidathion 0.1-5%.
Described soil fumigant also comprises emulsifying agent, excipient, one or more in water or filler.
Described emulsifying agent is polyethylene glycol, agriculture breast 300#, agriculture breast 400#, agriculture breast 500#, agriculture breast 600#, peaceful newborn 34# or peacefulBreast 37#.
Described excipient is carboxymethyl cellulose, sweet mellow wine, microcrystalline cellulose or hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.
Described filler is cyclodextrin, calcium carbonate, alpha-cellulose, gelatin, Arabic gum, peanut shell or diatomite.
The composite soil fumigant of above-mentioned DMDS, chloropicrin and lythidathion is being prevented and treated soil-borne disease fungal pathogens and nematodeIn application.
Described soil-borne disease fungal pathogens is sickle-like bacteria, and rotten mould, epidemic disease is mould, beak basidiomycetes, and thorn dish spore bacterium, post fruit mould, must shell sporeBacterium, rhizoctonia and Verticillium dahliae; Described nematode is Meloidogyne incognita.
The application of the composite soil fumigant of above-mentioned DMDS, chloropicrin and lythidathion in controlling weeds.
Described weeds are piemarker, lady's-grass, chickweed or the flat nutgrass flatsedge of ball fringe.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: soil fumigant of the present invention adopts DMDS, chloropicrin and lythidathion compositeComposition, can effectively prevent and treat soil-borne disease fungal pathogens, nematode and weeds, have broad spectrum activity. Composition of the present invention is to root knotNematode, reaping hook belongs to fungi, Phytophthora fungi, pythium fungi, beak load belongs to fungi, Colletotrichum fungi, the mould genus fungi of post fruit,Must belong to fungi by shell spore, silk core belongs to fungi and wheel branch belongs to fungi, and weeds in field all has obvious synergistic effect, uses conveniently, rightCrop safety, meanwhile, it is residual that three kinds of medicaments all do not have in soil, to crop safety.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
The reagent that the present embodiment adopts is:
DMDS (DMDS, Shanghai Yuan Ji Chemical Co., Ltd.)
Chloropicrin (Dalian dye chemical industry Co., Ltd)
Lythidathion (Shanghai Yuan Ji Chemical Co., Ltd.)
For examination soil sample be:
Tomato is planted more than 5 years by Guan County, warmhouse booth band pathogen and nematode soil sample. Soil moisture is 18.71%: soilEarth unit weight is 0.86:, the quality of soil is sand grains 81.824%, powder 16.221%, clay 1.955%. Fumigation time is15d, the soil temperature when stifling is 20 DEG C-28 DEG C.
Evaluation index and method are:
Meloidogyne incognita Meloidogyneincognita., adopts centrifugal process;
Fusarium Fusariumspp., adopts Komada method to separate;
Phytophthora Phytophthoraspp., adopts Masago method to separate;
Must belong to Pyrenochaeta by shell spore;
Verticillium dahliae Verticilliumdahliae;
Piemarker Abutilontheophrasti, adopts vernier caliper measurement bud long;
Lady's-grass Digitariasanguinalis, adopts vernier caliper measurement bud long;
Chickweed Stellariamedia (L.) Cyr. adopts vernier caliper measurement bud long;
The flat nutgrass flatsedge Pycreusglobosus of ball fringe (All.) Reichb. adopts vernier caliper measurement bud long.
Test method
1, dose setting
Press DMDS (active ingredient) and soil quality ratio design concentration for the treatment of 60mg/kg (40g/m2)；
Press chloropicrin (active ingredient) and soil quality ratio design concentration for the treatment of 30mg/kg (20g/m2)；
Press lythidathion (active ingredient) and soil quality ratio design concentration for the treatment of 3mg/kg (2g/m2)；
The each processing of experimental group is as follows:
2, process of the test
Take the ready soil sample of 600g, put into 2.5L drier. Each processing is the program request lady's-grass kind of vernalization respectivelySon 20,20, piemarker seed, 20, chickweed seed, 20, the flat nutgrass flatsedge seed of ball fringe, then by DMDS, chloropicrin andLythidathion accurately pipettes with liquid-transfering gun respectively. Stifling 5d at 25 DEG C. After stifling end, spacious gas 1d, then separates nematode and soil-borne diseaseFungal pathogens, the bud of simultaneously measuring lady's-grass, piemarker, chickweed and the flat nutgrass flatsedge of ball fringe is long. And space management, 3 weights of each processing be setMultiple.
3, computational methods
Root-knot nematode survival rate and corrected mortality calculate with following formula:
The total borer population of survival rate %=100 × survival nematode number/confession examination
Corrected mortality %=100 × (processing the death rate-contrast death rate)/(1-contrasts the death rate) pathogen inhibiting rateCalculate with following formula:
Inhibiting rate %=100 × (check plot pathogen quantity-chemicals treatment district pathogen quantity)/check plot pathogen numberAmount
Weeds inhibiting rate calculates with following formula:
Inhibiting rate %=100 × (blank weeds bud length-chemicals treatment weeds bud is long)/blank weeds bud is long
Calculate preventive effect the field efficacy with actual measurement according to Colby method (1966) formula, easy, effectively evaluate mixtureSynergy effect. Computing formula is:
E＝X1×X2...×Xn/100(n-1)
E is the theoretical preventive effect of mixture; N is the quantity of mixed medicament; X1Represent to use the 1st kind of preventive effect after medicament; X2RepresentUse the 2nd kind of preventive effect after medicament medicament; XnRepresent to use the preventive effect after n kind medicament. When the actual preventive effect of mixture is greater than theoryWhen preventive effect, represent synergy; In the time that the actual preventive effect of mixture is less than theoretical preventive effect, represent antagonism.
4, measurement result
(1) effect to Meloidogyne incognita
The mixed effect to Meloidogyne incognita of table 1 DMDS+chloropicrin+lythidathion
As can be seen from Table 1, DMDS and the mixed of chloropicrin have shown synergistic effect to Meloidogyne incognita.DMDS, the mixed of chloropicrin and lythidathion reached more than 96% Meloidogyne incognita corrected mortality, mixed increasingEffect obviously.
(2) effect to sickle-like bacteria
The mixed effect to sickle-like bacteria of table 2 DMDS+chloropicrin+lythidathion
As can be seen from Table 2, DMDS and the mixed of chloropicrin have shown synergistic effect to sickle-like bacteria. DimethylTwo sulphur, the mixed of chloropicrin and lythidathion reached more than 99% sickle-like bacteria proofread inhibit rate, and synergism is obvious.
(3) effect to phytophthora
The mixed effect to phytophthora of table 3 DMDS+chloropicrin+lythidathion
As can be seen from Table 3, DMDS and the mixed of chloropicrin have shown synergistic effect to phytophthora. DimethylTwo sulphur, the mixed of chloropicrin and lythidathion reached more than 96% phytophthora proofread inhibit rate, and synergism is obvious.
(4) effect to palpus shell spore bacterium
The mixed effect to palpus shell spore bacterium of table 4 DMDS+chloropicrin+lythidathion
As can be seen from Table 4, DMDS and chloropicrin is mixed to having shown synergistic effect by shell spore bacterium. DiformazanBase two sulphur, the mixed of chloropicrin and lythidathion reached more than 88% palpus shell spore bacterium proofread inhibit rate, and synergism is obvious.
(5) effect to verticillium dahliae
The mixed effect to verticillium dahliae of table 5 DMDS+chloropicrin+lythidathion
As can be seen from Table 5, DMDS and the mixed of chloropicrin have shown synergistic effect to verticillium dahliae. TwoMethyl two sulphur, the mixed of chloropicrin and lythidathion reached more than 88% verticillium dahliae proofread inhibit rate, and synergism is brightAobvious.
(6) effect to piemarker
The mixed effect to piemarker of table 6 DMDS+chloropicrin+lythidathion
As can be seen from Table 6, DMDS and the mixed of chloropicrin have shown synergistic effect to piemarker. Dimethyl twoSulphur, the mixed of chloropicrin and lythidathion reached 100% to piemarker proofread inhibit rate, and synergism is obvious.
(7) effect to lady's-grass
The mixed effect to lady's-grass of table 7 DMDS+chloropicrin+lythidathion
As can be seen from Table 7, DMDS and the mixed of chloropicrin have shown synergistic effect to lady's-grass. Dimethyl twoSulphur, the mixed of chloropicrin and lythidathion reached 100% to lady's-grass proofread inhibit rate, and synergism is obvious.
(8) effect to chickweed
The mixed effect to chickweed of table 8 DMDS+chloropicrin+lythidathion
As can be seen from Table 8, DMDS and the mixed of chloropicrin have shown synergistic effect to chickweed. Dimethyl twoSulphur, the mixed of chloropicrin and lythidathion reached more than 95% chickweed proofread inhibit rate, and synergism is obvious.
(9) effect to the flat nutgrass flatsedge of ball fringe
The mixed effect to the flat nutgrass flatsedge of ball fringe of table 9 DMDS+chloropicrin+lythidathion
As can be seen from Table 9, the mixed of DMDS and chloropicrin shown synergistic effect to the flat nutgrass flatsedge of ball fringe. TwoMethyl two sulphur, the mixed of chloropicrin and lythidathion reached more than 95% the flat nutgrass flatsedge proofread inhibit rate of ball fringe, and synergism is brightAobvious.
Claims (9)
1. the composite soil fumigant of DMDS, chloropicrin and lythidathion, is characterized in that, described soil fumigantThe active component that contains following weight proportion: DMDS: chloropicrin: lythidathion is 60: 30: 3.
2. the composite soil fumigant of a kind of DMDS, chloropicrin and lythidathion according to claim 1, its feature existsIn, described soil fumigant also comprises emulsifying agent, excipient, one or more in water or filler.
3. the composite soil fumigant of a kind of DMDS, chloropicrin and lythidathion according to claim 2, its feature existsIn, described emulsifying agent is polyethylene glycol, agriculture breast 300#, agriculture breast 400#, agriculture breast 500#, agriculture breast 600#, peaceful newborn 34# or peaceful newborn 37#.
4. the composite soil fumigant of a kind of DMDS, chloropicrin and lythidathion according to claim 2, its feature existsIn, described excipient is carboxymethyl cellulose, sweet mellow wine, microcrystalline cellulose or hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.
5. the composite soil fumigant of a kind of DMDS, chloropicrin and lythidathion according to claim 2, its feature existsIn, described filler is cyclodextrin, calcium carbonate, alpha-cellulose, gelatin, Arabic gum, peanut shell or diatomite.
6. described in claim 1, the composite soil fumigant of DMDS, chloropicrin and lythidathion is former true at control soil-borne diseaseApplication in bacterium and nematode.
7. the composite soil fumigant of DMDS, chloropicrin and lythidathion is being prevented and treated soil-borne disease according to claim 6Application in fungal pathogens and nematode, is characterized in that, described soil-borne disease fungal pathogens is sickle-like bacteria, and rotten mould, epidemic disease is mould, beak basidiomycetes,Thorn dish spore bacterium, post fruit mould, palpus shell spore bacterium, rhizoctonia and Verticillium dahliae; Described nematode is root-knot nematode.
8. composite soil fumigant the answering in controlling weeds of DMDS, chloropicrin and lythidathion described in claim 1With.
According to claim 8 the composite soil fumigant of DMDS, chloropicrin and lythidathion in controlling weedsApplication, it is characterized in that, described weeds are piemarker, lady's-grass, chickweed or the flat nutgrass flatsedge of ball fringe.
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