Background technology
The method of mining by the way of filling is the exploitation method that current mineral resources generally adopt, mining with stowing artificial supporting mining codes owned by France.In mineral building or nugget, along with the propelling of stope, send into filler to goaf, to carry out underground pressure management, to control country rock avalanche and surface movement, and carry out back production in the obturation forming or under its protection.The method of mining by the way of filling is divided into single zone compaction method, overhand cut and fill stoping, underhand cut and fill stoping and sublevel fill stoping method etc.In the time of this class uneasily mining orebody of exploitation gentle dip lean ore body, do not allow at roof strata under the condition of avalanche, single zone compaction method is unique available mining methods.The thin orebody mining of gentle dip can not realize from slipping by gravity, and because spatial limitation is difficult to realize extensive do mechanization operation.
Publication No. is that the patent document of CN103147761A discloses a kind of gentle dip loose roof lean ore bed filling mining method.Its technical scheme is: first mineral deposit is divided into panel, panel is divided into band, arranges and adopts accurate and cutting roadway; The loose roof of the band of adopting is rejected in explosion again, mining body; Then carry out filling: N band and N+1 band are rejected the rear dead zone forming of barren rock grouting filling N-2 band exploitation that loose roof produces, filling width is the half of strip width, in the time of N-2 band barren rock grouting filling 10~20m, second half after dead zone and the N-4 band barren rock grouting filling that starts to form after tailing-filled N-3 band exploitation, the tailing-filled barren rock grouting filling 10~20m that lags behind all the time in stowing operation; Wherein N=2k+1, the integer that k is >=2.Mineral deposit is divided into panel by this scheme, then panel is divided into band, then exploits one by one and intersect filling.This scheme is relatively applicable to the exploitation of loose roof lean ore bed, and for part gentle dip lean ore body, 35 ° of its inclination angle <, ore can not be realized from slipping by gravity, cause ore losses larger, need carry out repeatedly production ore, and use slagging-off equipment that the ore that is deposited in base plate is clawed, production efficiency is declined, and the back production rate of recovery reduces; And must carry out the supporting of anchor cable net to whole exposure barnyard, cause the problems such as support cost is high, labour intensity is large, work efficiency is low; In addition, traditional method of mining by the way of filling adopts one-sided ignition to move back the technology of adopting, and back production speed is lower, makes stope open-assembly time longer, can produce larger potential safety hazard.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to: provide a kind of gently inclined orebody from slipping mining methods, to solve, the existing ore losses of traditional gentle dip lean ore body recovery process is large, efficiency is low, and cost is high, labour intensity is large, work efficiency is low and have the problem of larger potential safety hazard.
The object of the invention is to realize by following technical solution:
A kind of gently inclined orebody is from slipping mining methods, and the method comprises the following steps:
A, ore body division: be several panels along orebody trend by ore body division, each panel is evenly divided into several mineral buildings, be divided into upper and lower two layerings by orebody thickness by mineral building, and the distance between adjacent two mineral buildings is 20m;
B, adopt accurate construction: treating that quarry roof portion and bottom tunnel respectively higher slice in-vein preparatory work tunnel and lower leaf in-vein preparatory work tunnel, middle part, lower leaf in-vein preparatory work tunnel driving has the mineral building crossdrift perpendicular with it, and mineral building crossdrift front end driving has the outer development heading of arteries and veins;
C, cutting groove construction: offer at mineral building to be exploited middle part the cutting groove that width is 4m, cutting groove gradient is identical with ore body, cutting groove and higher slice in-vein preparatory work tunnel, lower leaf in-vein preparatory work tunnel are all vertical;
D, cutting groove supporting: be fitted with at cutting groove upper surface the anchor cable that some rows are evenly arranged, anchor cable coordinates bolting with wire mesh cutting groove, and anchor cable one is arranged two, array pitch 4m, connects by flexible steel band between anchor cable row, makes cutting groove become as a whole with ore body roof;
E, get at the end: the end is got at two places, and a place is at the bottom of cutting groove is got base plate barren rock, increase the slanting angle of ore body and ore from degree of slipping, the end, is got for higher slice in-vein preparatory work tunnel ore by another place;
F, brushing back production: arrange that with medium-length hole chassis is each in cutting groove both sides medium-length hole array pitch is 4m to arranging medium-length hole, load explosion unit in medium-length hole, a side one is arranged simultaneously and detonated, and ore is thrown to cutting groove;
G, ore removal: utilize the maximum distance of excavating for the remote control excavator of 12m, the ore being scattered in outside cutting groove to be taken off in cutting groove, recycling scraper goes out mining area by the ore scraper in cutting groove and completes ore removal;
H, filling: dry stowing, with ardealite and down-hole waste residue to back production after barnyard carry out filling.
In described step B, higher slice in-vein preparatory work tunnel and lower leaf in-vein preparatory work tunnel are tunneled simultaneously.
In described step B, higher slice in-vein preparatory work roadway construction rises at the end after completing immediately.
The long 5m of anchor cable arranging in described step D, spacing 2m.
In described step e, to get end backrake be 50 ° to cutting groove.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Compared with prior art, gently inclined orebody provided by the invention is from slipping mining methods, and it has the following advantages:
1, only cutting groove is carried out to the supporting of anchor cable net, the new not supporting of top board exposing, can save 72, anchor net in a mineral building, 360 of anchor poles, and 16 of anchor cables, significantly reduce mining cost;
2, owing to cutting groove being carried out to the supporting of anchor cable net, and anchor cable is connected by flexible steel band, making top board is a hanging integral, and stability increases, and realizes safe back production;
3, realize high-recovery back production, cutting groove (base plate) and higher slice ore body are played the end of to, upper lower leaf perforation place triangle ore deposit is reclaimed, utilize excavator scraping in addition, production ore as much as possible, reaches more than 90% the rate of recovery;
4, realize fast extraction, due to cutting groove both sides ore body simultaneously brushing detonate, with in the past one-sided move back adopt compared with back production time shorten half, realized fast extraction, reduce stope open-assembly time, improve safety.
In sum, the present invention can realize low cost, high safety, high-recovery fast extraction.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described further, but described in desired protection domain is not limited to;
Embodiment: when the green vegetables of Central Guizhou are rushed 820 stage casings, ore deposit and carry out mining with stowing, its slanting angle of ore body only has 35 ° of left and right, can not make the ore after explosion certainly slip under Action of Gravity Field, cause ore losses larger, and must carry out anchor net, rope supporting to whole exposure barnyard, cause support cost large, work efficiency is low.
Now adopt gently inclined orebody provided by the invention, from slipping mining methods, this ore body is carried out to filling mining.First carry out ore body division: be several panels along orebody trend by ore body division, each panel is evenly divided into several mineral buildings, by orebody thickness, mineral building is divided into upper and lower two layerings, the distance between adjacent two mineral buildings is 20m; Adopt accurate construction: treating that quarry roof portion and bottom tunnel respectively higher slice in-vein preparatory work tunnel and lower leaf in-vein preparatory work tunnel simultaneously, after completing, rises at the end immediately higher slice in-vein preparatory work roadway construction, by the part removing of pucking of tunnel, avoid the loss of lower leaf perforation place ore, middle part, lower leaf in-vein preparatory work tunnel driving has the mineral building crossdrift perpendicular with it, and mineral building crossdrift front end driving has the outer development heading of arteries and veins; Cutting groove construction: offer at mineral building to be exploited middle part the cutting groove that width is 4m, cutting groove gradient is identical with ore body, cutting groove and higher slice in-vein preparatory work tunnel, lower leaf in-vein preparatory work tunnel are all vertical; Complete form as depicted in figs. 1 and 2.Carry out cutting groove supporting by form as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4: at the some long 5m of cutting groove upper surface plug-in mounting, between array pitch be 2 × 4m the anchor cable that is evenly arranged, anchor cable coordinates bolting with wire mesh cutting groove, anchor cable one is arranged two, between anchor cable row, connect by flexible steel band, make cutting groove become as a whole with ore body roof.Owing to only cutting groove being carried out to the supporting of anchor cable net, the new not supporting of top board exposing, can save 72, anchor net in a mineral building, 360 of anchor poles, and 16 of anchor cables, have significantly reduced mining cost when guaranteeing normal support capacity.Get the end: the end is got at two places, a place is at the bottom of cutting groove is got base plate barren rock, and getting cutting groove base plate inclination angle behind the end is 50 °, increases the slanting angle of ore body and ore from degree of slipping, and the end is got for higher slice in-vein preparatory work tunnel ore by another place.Form is carried out brushing back production as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6: respectively arrange to row medium-length hole in cutting groove both sides with medium-length hole chassis, medium-length hole array pitch is 4m, apart from higher slice in-vein preparatory work tunnel 2m, in medium-length hole, load explosion unit, one side one is arranged simultaneously and is detonated, the utilization impact force of detonating is thrown ore to cutting groove, throws lower ore and under the cutting groove base plate effect at 50 ° of inclination angles, realizes gravity from slipping, and ore is slided to bottom cutting groove; Ore removal: utilize the maximum distance of excavating for the remote control excavator of 12m, the ore being scattered in outside cutting groove to be taken off in cutting groove, recycling scraper goes out mining area by the ore scraper in cutting groove and completes ore removal; Filling: dry stowing, with ardealite and down-hole waste residue to back production after barnyard carry out filling.