CN103388918A - Selective absorbing coating - Google Patents
Selective absorbing coating Download PDFInfo
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- CN103388918A CN103388918A CN2013103137726A CN201310313772A CN103388918A CN 103388918 A CN103388918 A CN 103388918A CN 2013103137726 A CN2013103137726 A CN 2013103137726A CN 201310313772 A CN201310313772 A CN 201310313772A CN 103388918 A CN103388918 A CN 103388918A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a selective absorbing coating, which comprises a matrix, a metal layer, an absorption layer and a surface layer dielectric layer, wherein the metal layer, the absorption layer and the surface layer dielectric layer are successively arranged along the direction far away from the matrix; the metal layer is covered on the matrix; an area, which can be subjected to direct solar radiation, of the metal layer is at least covered by the absorption layer; and the absorption layer is at least covered by the surface layer dielectric layer. The selective absorbing coating is suitable for the inner glass tube of an all-glass vacuum solar collector tube, the outer wall of the inner tube of the all-glass vacuum solar collector tube, the metal fin of a glass-metal sealing heat tube and a high temperature resistant condensation tube or the metal plate core of a flat plate heat absorption plate. According to the selective absorbing coating disclosed by the invention, the infrared radiation rate of the absorption layer is far higher than that of the metal layer. On the premise of guaranteeing efficient absorption, the heat loss under the high temperature state is reduced to the greatest extent. When the temperature difference between the inside of a heat collector and the external environment is bigger, the effect on reducing the heat loss by the selective absorbing coating disclosed by the invention is more obvious.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the solar energy techniques field, relate to a kind of coating for selective absorption.
Background technology
Solar thermal collector is a kind of technology maturation, widely used renewable energy product-derived, and a lot of countries are widely used in the whole world, at aspects such as the living standard that hot water supply, the raising people are provided, the consumption of minimizing conventional energy resource, has brought into play great function.In countries such as China, Greece, Israel, solar thermal collector is mainly supplied life and shower hot water; In the country such as European, Australian, solar water heating system is mainly as auxiliary thermal source and the system combined operation of conventional energy resource, can supply life and bath hot water, is also building heating; In the U.S., solar thermal collector is mainly for natatorium heating system.Ripe solar thermal collector mainly contains solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe heat collector, flat-plate solar heat collector at present.
Solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe is the heat collecting element of solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe heat collector, receives solar energy and is converted into the critical component of heat energy, and its advantage is that vacuum interlayer makes the convection heat losses almost nil.Can be divided into two classes from the material of solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe, a class is all glass vacuum heat collection tube of solar energy, and another kind of is glass-metal (or full glass) solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe.Complete glass vacuum sun thermal-collecting tube belongs to the photo-thermal heat absorbing element of maximum area at home at present.Complete glass vacuum sun thermal-collecting tube is the tubulose solar energy heating device that utilizes the unpowered circulating transfer energy of the different specific weight of water under different temperatures, glass enclosure tube, the glass inner tube that scribbles solar selective absorbing coating, evaporable air-absorbing agent and support member etc., consists of.
The complete glass vacuum sun thermal-collecting tube solar water heater is in the darg process, heat up since sunrise in morning, absorb the solar energy irradiation greater than thermal loss, emittance and other thermal loss, emittance accounts for the major part of thermal loss, and approximately afternoon, 1 temperature peaked.Absorb the solar energy irradiation at dusk less than thermal loss, especially less than emittance, the complete glass vacuum sun thermal-collecting tube solar water heater starts cooling, according to blackbody radiation law, emittance is directly proportional to the biquadratic of absolute temperature, thereby the higher cooling of temperature is faster.Adopt the infrared emittance of selective absorption film less, energy dissipation is just fewer.
In disclosed patent documentation already, for example the patent No. is 201120528310.2, name is called: a kind of solar selectively absorbing coating is characterized in that: comprise along set gradually away from the direction of glass baseplate by Al thin film adhesion layer or AlN thin film adhesion layer, Cu film infrared emission layer, SS-N-Al Film laminated absorbed layer, Al film anti-reflection layer; Its thickness is followed successively by 5～20nm, 25～40nm, 60～140nm, 60～180nm; And the height that described SS-N-Al Film laminated absorbed layer sets gradually from high to low by the direction along away from glass baseplate and according to metal ingredient content absorbs subgrade, middle absorption subgrade, the low subgrade that absorbs and forms.The anti-cooking performance of this kind coating is strong, the work of preferred applicable temperature in a vacuum, and physical and chemical performance is reliable, and preparation technology easily controls, and production cost is low.This coating can be applicable to all-glass vacuum thermal-collecting tube absorber coatings or other vacuum system coating for selective absorption.This patent application fails to solve under the prerequisite that ensures efficient absorption, reduces the thermal loss under the condition of high temperature as far as possible.
And for example the patent No. is 01138135.3, and denomination of invention is: a kind of coating for selective absorption of sunlight spectrum relates to the solar thermal collector technical field.Comprise reflecting layer, absorbed layer, antireflection layer, it is characterized in that absorbed layer is that its antireflection layer is aluminium nitrogen+titanium nitrogen (AlN+TiN) film and aluminum-nitrogen-oxygen+titanium-nitrogen-oxygen (AlNO+TiNO) film take titanium and alloy aluminum as the negative electrode aluminium that sputter forms in nitrogen, air, nitrogen+oxygen atmosphere nitrogen+titanium nitrogen-aluminium titanium [(AlN+TiN)-AlTi] film and aluminum-nitrogen-oxygen+titanium-nitrogen-oxygen-aluminium titanium [(AlNO+TiNO)-AlTi] film.The coating for selective absorption of sunlight spectrum of this invention preparation is through 350 ℃ under atmospheric condition, and 250 hours, or 400 ℃, 50 hours, or 450 ℃, after baking in 80 hours, its solar absorptance α can reach more than 0.93, emissivity ε=0.06～0.10(80 ℃).This patent can not provide the coating for selective absorption that a kind of absorbent properties are high, heat waste is low equally.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is provides for the defect that existing coating for selective absorption exists the coating for selective absorption that a kind of absorbent properties are high, heat waste is low.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
Coating for selective absorption, it is characterized in that, comprise matrix, and along the metal level, absorbed layer, the top layer dielectric layer that set gradually away from the matrix direction, described metal level is covered on matrix, described absorbed layer covering metal layer at least can be by the zone of sun direct projection, and described top layer dielectric layer covers absorbed layer at least.
Preferably, described coating for selective absorption also comprises tack coat, and described tack coat is between matrix and metal level.
Preferably, the material of described tack coat is the nitride of aluminium and aluminium or nitride or the oxide of oxide or silicon and silicon, and described adhesive layer thickness is 1-20nm.
Preferably, the material of described metal level is aluminium, copper or silver, and thickness is 30-100nm.
Preferably, the material of described absorbed layer is the nitride of aluminium and aluminium or nitride or oxide or the stainless steel of oxide, titanium and titanium, and metallic atom is 0-1 with the mole ratio of nitride or oxide.
Preferably, described absorbed layer is for having multilayer, and thickness is 50-150nm.
Preferably, the material of described top layer dielectric layer is aln precipitation or oxide, the nitride of titanium or nitride or the oxide of oxide or silicon, and thickness is 30-70nm.
Preferably, described matrix is the condenser tube ferrule of the glass inner tube of complete glass vacuum sun thermal-collecting tube, the outer wall of inner tube of all-glass heat pipe vacuum solar collector pipe, the metal fin of glass-to-metal seal heat pipe, high temperature resistant condenser tube ferrule or the metallograph core of dull and stereotyped heat absorption version.
In coating for selective absorption of the present invention, the absorbed layer infrared emittance exceeds metal level far away, under the prerequisite that ensures efficient absorption, reduces the thermal loss under the condition of high temperature as far as possible, when heat collector is inner larger with the external environment temperature difference, the effect that the present invention reduces heat loss is more obvious.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional view of coating for selective absorption the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view of coating for selective absorption the second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of described coating for selective absorption on complete glass vacuum sun thermal-collecting tube.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of described coating for selective absorption on the all-glass heat pipe vacuum solar collector pipe.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of described coating for selective absorption on the glass-to-metal seal heat pipe.
Fig. 6 is the rearview of Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of described coating for selective absorption on flat board heat absorption version core.
Fig. 8 is the profile of Fig. 7 of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of described coating for selective absorption on high temperature resistant condenser tube ferrule.
Figure 10 is that different complete glass vacuum sun thermal-collecting tubes are at intraday temperature lowering curve figure.
Figure 11 is the temperature lift-down curve figure of different water heater first days.
Figure 12 is the temperature lift-down curve figure of different water heater second days.
Figure 13 is the different water heaters temperature lift-down curve figure of the 3rd day.
Description of reference numerals is as follows:
The 1-matrix, 2-metal level, 3-absorbed layer, 4-top layer dielectric layer, the 5-glass inner tube, 6-all-glass heat pipe vacuum solar collector pipe, 7-getter, 8-metal fin, 9-glass-to-metal seal heat pipe, the dull and stereotyped heat absorption version of 10-, 11-metallograph core, the high temperature resistant condenser tube ferrule of 12-.
The specific embodiment
, in order to be illustrated more clearly in technical scheme of the present invention, be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiment., for those of ordinary skills, under the prerequisite of not paying creative work, can also obtain other embodiment according to these embodiment and accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, coating for selective absorption provided by the present invention, comprise matrix 1, and along the metal level 2, absorbed layer 3, the top layer dielectric layer 4 that set gradually away from matrix 1 direction, described metal level 2 is covered on matrix 1, described absorbed layer 3 covering metal layer 2 at least can be by the zone of sun direct projection, and described top layer dielectric layer 4 only covers absorbed layer 3, as shown in Figure 1; Perhaps cover absorbed layer 3 and do not have on the metal level 2 of absorbed layer 3 coverings, as shown in Figure 2.The material selection high conductivity material of described metal level 2, for example aluminium, copper or silver, thickness is 30-100nm.The material of described absorbed layer 3 is the nitride of aluminium and aluminium or nitride or oxide or the stainless steel of oxide, titanium and titanium, metallic atom is 0-1 with the mole ratio of nitride or oxide, described absorbed layer 3 can be single or multiple lift, and thickness is 50-150nm.The material of described top layer dielectric layer 4 is aln precipitation or oxide, the nitride of titanium or nitride or the oxide of oxide or silicon, and thickness is 30-70nm.
Further, in order to improve the cohesive force between matrix 1 and metal level 2, between matrix 1 and metal level 2, the tack coat (not shown) is set, the material of described tack coat is the nitride of aluminium and aluminium or nitride or the oxide of oxide or silicon and silicon, and thickness is 1-20nm.
Particularly, coating for selective absorption of the present invention is applicable to complete glass vacuum sun thermal-collecting tube, all-glass heat pipe vacuum solar collector pipe, glass-to-metal seal heat pipe 9, high temperature resistant condenser tube ferrule 12 or dull and stereotyped heat absorption version 10, accordingly, 1 of the matrix of described coating for selective absorption is respectively the glass inner tube of complete glass vacuum sun thermal-collecting tube, the outer wall of inner tube of all-glass heat pipe vacuum solar collector pipe, the fin of glass-to-metal seal heat pipe 9, the condenser tube ferrule of high temperature resistant condenser tube ferrule 12 or the metallograph core 11 of dull and stereotyped heat absorption version 10.
Embodiment one
Figure 3 shows that coating for selective absorption of the present invention uses the embodiment on complete glass vacuum sun thermal-collecting tube, the glass inner tube 5 of complete glass vacuum sun thermal-collecting tube is served as the matrix 1 of described coating for selective absorption, metal level 2, absorbed layer 3, top layer dielectric layer 4.Metal level 2 is attached on the glass inner tube 5 of complete glass vacuum sun thermal-collecting tube, and material is copper, and thicknesses of layers is 100nm.Absorbed layer 3 materials are the stainless steel aluminium nitride, are attached on metal level 2 and can be sunlighted or zone that direct projection is arrived, and the mole of metallic atom and nitride or oxide is than being 0-1, and thicknesses of layers is 100nm; Top layer dielectric layer 4 covers on absorbed layer 3 and exposed metal level 2, and material is aluminium nitride, and thicknesses of layers is 50nm.In this embodiment, be the cohesive force of increase metal level 2 with the glass inner tube 5 of complete glass vacuum sun thermal-collecting tube, between arranges tack coat, and the tack coat material is the nitride of aluminium and aluminium, and thicknesses of layers is 10nm.
In order to study the performance of coating for selective absorption of the present invention, the complete glass vacuum sun thermal-collecting tube of the present embodiment and the cooling situation at the night of the complete glass vacuum sun thermal-collecting tube of the complete glass vacuum sun thermal-collecting tube that only is coated with copper metal level, the common coating for selective absorption of coating are compared, and experimental result as shown in figure 10.By the water heater that the described complete glass vacuum sun thermal-collecting tube of the present embodiment water heater that forms and the complete glass vacuum sun thermal-collecting tube that applies common coating for selective absorption form, the temperature lift-down curve figure in 2012 10 years 30 days to continuous three days of October 31 respectively as shown in figure 11.This heat loss rate by the water heater that the described complete glass vacuum sun thermal-collecting tube of the present embodiment forms is 0.582W/m
2* ℃, the heat loss rate that applies the water heater that the complete glass vacuum sun thermal-collecting tube of common coating for selective absorption forms is 0.798W/m
2* ℃.
Embodiment two
Fig. 4 is the application of coating for selective absorption of the present invention on all-glass heat pipe vacuum solar collector pipe 6.The inner tube of all-glass heat pipe vacuum solar collector pipe 6 is served as matrix 1, and tack coat, metal level 2, absorbed layer 3, top layer dielectric layer 4 are arranged on the outer wall of inner tube of all-glass heat pipe vacuum solar collector pipe 6.The tack coat material is nitride or the oxide of aluminium and aluminium, and thicknesses of layers is 20nm; Metal level 2 is attached on tack coat, and material is aluminium, and thicknesses of layers is 100nm; Absorbed layer 3 is attached on metal level 2 and can be sunlighted or zone that direct projection is arrived, and material is nitride or the oxide of aluminium and aluminium, metal molar amount ratio 0-1, and multilayer is arranged, and thicknesses of layers is 150nm; Top layer dielectric layer 4 is arranged on absorbed layer 3, and material is nitride or the oxide of aluminium, and thicknesses of layers is 30nm.
Embodiment three
Fig. 5, Fig. 6 are the application of coating for selective absorption of the present invention on glass-to-metal seal heat pipe 9.The metal fin 8 of glass-to-metal seal heat pipe 9 serves as the matrix 1 of described coating for selective absorption, tack coat, metal level 2, absorbed layer 3, top layer dielectric layer 4 are arranged on metal fin 8, and the getter 7 of glass-to-metal seal heat pipe 9 is arranged on metal fin 8.The tack coat material is nitride or the oxide of silicon and silicon, and thicknesses of layers is 10nm; Metal level 2 is attached on tack coat, and material is copper, and thicknesses of layers is 60nm; Absorbed layer 3 is attached on metal level 2 towards the one side of the sun, and material is stainless steel, and the mole of metallic atom and nitride or oxide is than being 0-1, and thicknesses of layers is 100nm; Top layer dielectric layer 4 is arranged on absorbed layer 3 and exposed metal level 2, and material is nitride or the oxide of aluminium, and thicknesses of layers is 50nm.
Embodiment four
Fig. 7, Fig. 8 are the application of coating for selective absorption of the present invention on flat board heat absorption version 10.The metallograph core 11 of described dull and stereotyped heat absorption version 10 serves as matrix 1, and tack coat, metal level 2, absorbed layer 3, top layer dielectric layer 4 are arranged on metallograph core 11.The tack coat material is nitride or the oxide of aluminium and aluminium, and thicknesses of layers is 20nm; Metal level 2 is attached on tack coat, and material is silver, and thicknesses of layers is 30nm; Absorbed layer 3 is attached on metal level 2 and can be sunlighted or zone that direct projection is arrived, and material is nitride or the oxide of aluminium and aluminium, and the mole of metallic atom and nitride or oxide is than being 0-1, and multilayer is arranged, and thicknesses of layers is 150nm; Top layer dielectric layer 4 is arranged on absorbed layer 3 and exposed metal level 2, and material is nitride or the oxide of silicon, and thicknesses of layers is 70nm.
Embodiment five
Fig. 9 is the application of coating for selective absorption of the present invention on high temperature resistant condenser tube ferrule 12.The condenser tube ferrule of described high temperature resistant condenser tube ferrule 12 serves as matrix 1, and tack coat, metal level 2, absorbed layer 3, top layer dielectric layer 4 are arranged on condenser tube ferrule.The tack coat material is nitride or the oxide of aluminium and aluminium, and thicknesses of layers is 15nm; Metal level 2 is attached on tack coat, and material is copper, and thicknesses of layers is 80nm; Absorbed layer 3 is attached to sun focus irradiation zone on metal level 2, and material is nitride or the oxide of titanium and titanium, and metallic atom is 0-1 with the mole ratio of nitride or oxide, and thicknesses of layers is 50nm; Top layer dielectric layer 4 is arranged on absorbed layer 3 and exposed metal level 2, and material is titanium nitride or oxide, and thicknesses of layers is 40nm.
The present invention compares with common coating for selective absorption, is ensureing under the prerequisite that effectively absorbs, and reduce the thermal loss under the condition of high temperature, the larger effect of the temperature difference is more obvious as far as possible.
Above embodiment is only preferred embodiment of the present invention; the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment; in the situation that do not deviate from flesh and blood of the present invention, any apparent improvement, replacement or modification that those skilled in the art can make all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. coating for selective absorption, it is characterized in that, comprise matrix (1), and along the metal level (2), absorbed layer (3), the top layer dielectric layer (4) that set gradually away from matrix (1) direction, described metal level (2) is placed on matrix (1), described absorbed layer (3) covering metal layer (2) at least can be by the zone of sun direct projection, and described top layer dielectric layer (4) covers absorbed layer (3) at least.
2. coating for selective absorption according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described coating for selective absorption also comprises tack coat, and described tack coat is positioned between matrix (1) and metal level (2).
3. coating for selective absorption according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the material of described tack coat is the nitride of aluminium and aluminium or nitride or the oxide of oxide or silicon and silicon, and described adhesive layer thickness is 1-20nm.
4. coating for selective absorption according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the material of described metal level (2) is aluminium, copper or silver, and thickness is 30-100nm.
5. coating for selective absorption according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the material of described absorbed layer (3) is the nitride of aluminium and aluminium or nitride or oxide or the stainless steel of oxide, titanium and titanium, and the mol ratio of metallic atom and nitride or oxide is 0-1.
6. coating for selective absorption according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described absorbed layer (3) is for having multilayer, and thickness is 50-150nm.
7. coating for selective absorption according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the material of described top layer dielectric layer (4) is aln precipitation or oxide, the nitride of titanium or nitride or the oxide of oxide or silicon, and thickness is 30-70nm.
8. coating for selective absorption according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described matrix (1) is the condenser tube ferrule of the glass inner tube (5) of complete glass vacuum sun thermal-collecting tube, the outer wall of inner tube of all-glass heat pipe vacuum solar collector pipe (6), the metal fin (8) of glass-to-metal seal heat pipe (9), high temperature resistant condenser tube ferrule (12) or the metallograph core (11) of dull and stereotyped heat absorption version (10).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2013103137726A CN103388918A (en) | 2013-07-24 | 2013-07-24 | Selective absorbing coating |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2013103137726A CN103388918A (en) | 2013-07-24 | 2013-07-24 | Selective absorbing coating |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105866168A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-08-17 | 北京环境特性研究所 | Identification method and apparatus for lower matrix material of coating |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2001027050A1 (en) * | 1999-10-14 | 2001-04-19 | Glaverbel | Glazing |
| CN102534497A (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2012-07-04 | 德州金亨新能源有限公司 | High temperature selective absorption coating based on stainless steel material and manufacture method thereof |
| CN102809232A (en) * | 2012-08-29 | 2012-12-05 | 北京天普太阳能工业有限公司 | Solar energy selective absorption coating layer |
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- 2013-07-24 CN CN2013103137726A patent/CN103388918A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2001027050A1 (en) * | 1999-10-14 | 2001-04-19 | Glaverbel | Glazing |
| CN102534497A (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2012-07-04 | 德州金亨新能源有限公司 | High temperature selective absorption coating based on stainless steel material and manufacture method thereof |
| CN102809232A (en) * | 2012-08-29 | 2012-12-05 | 北京天普太阳能工业有限公司 | Solar energy selective absorption coating layer |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105866168A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-08-17 | 北京环境特性研究所 | Identification method and apparatus for lower matrix material of coating |
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Application publication date: 20131113 |