CN103232060A - Preparation method of CdS film - Google Patents

Preparation method of CdS film Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103232060A
CN103232060A CN2013101638301A CN201310163830A CN103232060A CN 103232060 A CN103232060 A CN 103232060A CN 2013101638301 A CN2013101638301 A CN 2013101638301A CN 201310163830 A CN201310163830 A CN 201310163830A CN 103232060 A CN103232060 A CN 103232060A
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preparation
reactive tank
glass substrate
cadmium
ito glass
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CN2013101638301A
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马李刚
吴小山
张凤鸣
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Nanjing University
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Nanjing University
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Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of a CdS film. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: (1) cleaning an indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrate; (2) preparing reaction liquid; (3) placing the reaction liquid into a reaction tank, vertically inserting the cleaned ITO glass substrate into the reaction liquid and fixing, stirring and heating the reaction liquid, vibrating the reaction tank or knocking the outer wall of the reaction tank, adding thiourea or sodium thiosulfate, stirring the reaction liquid, continuously vibrating the reaction tank or knocking the outer wall of the reaction tank, and depositing a film; and (4) after the film is deposited, taking out the ITO glass substrate, placing the ITO glass substrate into deionized water, performing ultrasonic cleaning, and drying to obtain the CdS film. The surface appearance of the CdS film produced by using the preparation method is improved and the uniformity is obviously improved, and a large area of CdS films growing uniformly and densely can be obtained.

Description

The preparation method of CdS film
Affiliated field
The present invention relates to technical field of solar batteries, be specifically related to a kind of preparation method of CdS film.
Background technology
The CdS film is typical group material, and its energy gap is about 2.42eV, therefore has very excellent physical properties.The CdS film is mainly used in the solar cell field.The CdS film is as the Window layer of these batteries, and its preparation quality directly has influence on the photoelectric transformation efficiency of final battery.
At present, the preparation method of Chang Yong CdS film is CBD method (chemical bath method).Way of the prior art is: at first reaction solution is placed reactive tank, and also fixing in the vertical insertion reaction liquid of substrate then, use the stirring rod stirred solution, in substrate surface deposition one deck CdS film, supersound process then.
The CBD method has simple, with low cost, the easy growth phase of equipment to the advantages such as CdS film of even compact.Therefore become the first-selection of scale operation CdS film.
But, when existing C dS membrane process prepares large-area CdS film, in the process that in the solution that contains the ammoniacal liquor existence, stirs with stirring rod, stir and very easily in the aqueous solution, produce bubble, and be attached on the ITO conductive glass, in the complex compound stage that generates cadmium, the position of adhering to bubble can not have the complex compound deposition, produce hole in the time of will causing subsequent deposition CdS, these holes can make the degradation of CdS film.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide large-area preparation go out evenly, fine and close, and can reduce the preparation method of CdS film of the generation of hole.
Concrete technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of preparation method of CdS film comprises the steps:
(1) cleans the ito glass substrate;
(2) configuration reaction solution;
(3) reaction solution is placed reactive tank, also fixing in the vertical insertion reaction liquid of ito glass substrate after will cleaning then, stirring, temperature reaction liquid also vibrate reactive tank or beat the reactive tank outer wall, add thiocarbamide or Sulfothiorine then, stirring reaction liquid also continues the vibration reactive tank or beats reactive tank outer wall, deposit film;
(4) treat that thin film deposition is good after, the ito glass substrate taken out place deionized water to carry out ultrasonic cleaning, dry then, obtain the CdS film.
The cleaning step of ito glass substrate is as follows in the step (1): used earlier acetone, ethanol, each ultrasonic cleaning ito glass substrate of deionized water successively 15-20 minute; Use HCl and H then 2O 2Mixing solutions ultrasonic cleaning 10-15min; Used the deionized water ultrasonic cleaning again 10-20 minute.
The massfraction of HCl is 7-10% in the described mixing solutions, H 2O 2Massfraction be 4-5%.
The concrete steps of configuration reaction solution are as follows in the step (2): the solubility cadmium salt is dissolved in is configured to the cadmium salt soln that amount concentration is 0.001 ~ 0.02mol/L in the deionized water earlier, add then and the ammonium salt of cadmium salt with acid group, the amount concentration of ammonium salt is 0.01 ~ 0.1 mol/L; Add NH again 3H 2O regulator solution pH value obtains reaction solution to 10-11.
Described solubility cadmium salt is selected from a kind of in cadmium acetate, Cadmium chloride fine powder, cadmium iodide, cadmium nitrate, the Cadmium Sulphate.
Be warming up to 80 ℃-90 ℃ in the step (3), vibrate reactive tank or beat the reactive tank outer wall, add thiocarbamide or Sulfothiorine then, the amount concentration of the thiocarbamide of adding or Sulfothiorine is 0.001-0.01 mol/L.
Vibrate reactive tank or beat reactive tank outer wall 30-60s every 3min in the step (3).
Oven dry in the step (4) is to toast 5-10min under halogen tungsten lamp.
Reactive tank is placed on the magnetic stirring apparatus in the step (3).
When the present invention prepares the CdS film to cadmium salt, optimize with the ammonium salt of acid group, the addition sequence of thiocarbamide; In temperature-rise period, earlier at the complex compound of ito glass substrate deposition cadmium, when reaching a certain particular value, temperature adds sulphur source (thiocarbamide or Sulfothiorine) again.Such purpose is in order effectively to promote heterogeneous nucleation, to avoid occurring in the phenomenon of temperature rise period homogeneous nucleation.The present invention is when the complex compound of ito glass substrate deposition cadmium, because NH 3H 2The existence of O, constantly stirring reaction liquid can make and very easily adhere to bubble on the ito glass substrate.If these bubbles are not in time driven away, the complex compound of cadmium is deposited on will be inhomogeneous on the ITO substrate, and then influence homogeneity and the compactness of back CdS film preparation.The present invention vibrates reactive tank or beats the reactive tank outer wall in this process, in time drive away the bubble that is attached on the ITO.After adding thiocarbamide or Sulfothiorine, also will vibrate reactive tank or beat the reactive tank outer wall, its purpose has two, and the one, bubble is driven away, deposit uniform CdS film; The 2nd, the macrobead CdS cluster that homogeneous nucleation is formed diminishes by the method that shakes.Facts have proved that the CdS film surface appearance that adopts the method for the invention to generate is improved, and also obviously raising of homogeneity, even, the fine and close CdS film of large-area growth can be obtained.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the microscope enlarged view of 500 times of the CdS film surfaces of embodiment 1 preparation;
Fig. 2 is the microscope enlarged view of 1000 times of the CdS film surfaces of embodiment 1 preparation;
Fig. 3 is the microscope enlarged view of 500 times of the CdS film surfaces of embodiment 2 preparation;
Fig. 4 is the microscope enlarged view of 1000 times of the CdS film surfaces of embodiment 2 preparation;
Fig. 5 is the microscope enlarged view of 500 times of the CdS film surfaces of embodiment 3 preparation;
Fig. 6 is the microscope enlarged view of 1000 times of the CdS film surfaces of embodiment 3 preparation;
Fig. 7 is the microscope enlarged view of 1000 times of the CdS film surfaces of Comparative Examples 1 preparation.
Embodiment
Among the present invention, pick up counting when adding thiocarbamide or Sulfothiorine, by can the grow CdS film of different thickness of control depositing time, we generally control depositing time about 20-30min, and the thickness of the CdS film that obtains is between 100-130nm.
Embodiment 1
(1) earlier the ito glass substrate is used successively acetone, ethanol, each ultrasonic cleaning of deionized water 20 minutes, removed the dirt on surface; Again with containing HCl and H 2O 2Mixing solutions ultrasonic cleaning 10 minutes, in the mixing solutions massfraction of HCl be 10%, H 2O 2Massfraction be 5%; Used deionized water more ultrasonic 20 minutes.
(2) configuration reaction soln: earlier cadmium acetate is dissolved in the deionized water, the amount concentration of cadmium acetate is 0.02mol/L, adds CH then 3COONH 4, CH 3COONH 4Amount concentration in solution is 0.04mol/L; Add NH again 3H 2O regulator solution pH to 10.5 obtains reaction solution.
(3) reaction solution is placed reactive tank, also fixing in the vertical insertion reaction liquid of the ito glass substrate after will cleaning then, reactive tank is placed on the magnetic stirring apparatus, open switch, beat reactive tank outer wall 30s every 3min in heat temperature raising, the temperature-rise period then; Be warming up to 80 ℃, add thiocarbamide then, the amount concentration of the thiocarbamide of adding is 0.004 mol/L, and stirring reaction liquid also continues to beat reactive tank outer wall 30s every 3min, and deposit film adds fashionable picking up counting with thiocarbamide, and depositing time is 20min.
(4) treat that thin film deposition is good after, the ito glass substrate taken out places deionized water ultrasonic cleaning 3 times repeatedly, under halogen tungsten lamp, toast 10min then, obtain the CdS film.
Embodiment 2
(1) earlier the ito glass substrate is used successively acetone, ethanol, each ultrasonic cleaning of deionized water 15 minutes, removed the dirt on surface; Again with containing HCl and H 2O 2Mixing solutions ultrasonic cleaning 10 minutes, in the mixing solutions massfraction of HCl be 7%, H 2O 2Massfraction be 4%; Used deionized water more ultrasonic 15 minutes.
(2) configuration reaction soln: earlier with CdCl 2Be dissolved in the deionized water, wherein CdCl in the deionized water 2Amount concentration is 0.008mol/L, adds NH then 4Cl, NH 4The amount concentration of Cl in solution is 0.01mol/L; Add NH again 3H 2O regulator solution pH to 10-11 obtains reaction solution.
(3) reaction solution is placed reactive tank, also fixing in the vertical insertion reaction liquid of the ito glass substrate after will cleaning then, reactive tank is placed on the magnetic stirring apparatus, open switch, beat reactive tank outer wall 45s every 3min in heat temperature raising, the temperature-rise period then; Be warming up to 90 ℃, add Sulfothiorine then, the amount concentration of the Sulfothiorine of adding is 0.01mol/L, stirring reaction liquid also continues to beat reactive tank outer wall 45s every 3min, deposit film adds fashionable picking up counting with Sulfothiorine, and depositing time is 20min.
(4) treat that thin film deposition is good after, the ito glass substrate taken out places deionized water ultrasonic cleaning 3 times repeatedly, under halogen tungsten lamp, toast 5min then, obtain the CdS film.
Embodiment 3
(1) earlier the ito glass substrate is used successively acetone, ethanol, each ultrasonic cleaning of deionized water 18 minutes, removed the dirt on surface; Again with containing HCl and H 2O 2Mixing solutions ultrasonic cleaning 10 minutes, in the mixing solutions massfraction of HCl be 9%, H 2O 2Massfraction be 5%; Used deionized water more ultrasonic 10 minutes.
(2) configuration reaction soln: earlier Cadmium Sulphate is dissolved in the deionized water, wherein the amount concentration of Cadmium Sulphate is 0.008mol/L in the deionized water, adds (NH then 4) 2SO 4, (NH 4) 2SO 4Amount concentration in solution is 0.01mol/L; Add NH again 3H 2O regulator solution pH to 10.5 obtains reaction solution.
(3) reaction solution is placed reactive tank, also fixing in the vertical insertion reaction liquid of the ito glass substrate after will cleaning then, reactive tank is placed on the magnetic stirring apparatus, open switch, beat reactive tank outer wall 60s every 3min in heat temperature raising, the temperature-rise period then; Be warming up to 90 ℃, add thiocarbamide then, the amount concentration of the thiocarbamide of adding is 0.001 mol/L, and stirring reaction liquid also continues to beat reactive tank outer wall 60s every 3min, and deposit film adds fashionable picking up counting with thiocarbamide, and depositing time is 20min.
(4) treat that thin film deposition is good after, the ito glass substrate taken out places deionized water ultrasonic cleaning 3 times repeatedly, under halogen tungsten lamp, toast 8min then, obtain the CdS film.
Comparative Examples 1
(1) earlier the ito glass substrate is used successively acetone, ethanol, each ultrasonic cleaning of deionized water 20 minutes, removed the dirt on surface; Again with containing HCl and H 2O 2Mixing solutions ultrasonic cleaning 10 minutes, in the mixing solutions massfraction of HCl be 10%, H 2O 2Massfraction be 5%; Used deionized water more ultrasonic 20 minutes.
(2) configuration reaction soln: earlier cadmium acetate is dissolved in the deionized water, wherein the amount concentration of cadmium ion is 0.02mol/L in the deionized water, adds CH then 3COONH 4, CH 3COONH 4Amount concentration in solution is 0.04mol/L; Add NH again 3H 2O regulator solution pH to 10-11 obtains reaction solution.
(3) reaction solution is placed reactive tank, also fixing in the vertical insertion reaction liquid of ito glass substrate after will cleaning then, reactive tank is placed on the magnetic stirring apparatus, open switch, be warming up to 80 ℃, add thiocarbamide then, the amount concentration of the thiocarbamide of adding is 0.004 mol/L, stirring reaction liquid, deposit film.
(4) treat that thin film deposition is good after, the ito glass substrate taken out places deionized water ultrasonic cleaning 3 times repeatedly, under halogen tungsten lamp, toast 10min then, obtain the CdS film.
The size of the CdS film that the embodiment of the invention 1 to embodiment 3 prepares is 2.5cm*2.5cm; The size of the CdS film that Comparative Examples 1 prepares is 2cm*2cm.The microscope enlarged view of each CdS film surface is seen Fig. 1 to Fig. 7.

Claims (9)

1. the preparation method of a CdS film is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) cleans the ito glass substrate;
(2) configuration reaction solution;
(3) reaction solution is placed reactive tank, also fixing in the vertical insertion reaction liquid of ito glass substrate after will cleaning then, stirring, temperature reaction liquid also vibrate reactive tank or beat the reactive tank outer wall, add thiocarbamide or Sulfothiorine then, stirring reaction liquid also continues the vibration reactive tank or beats reactive tank outer wall, deposit film;
(4) treat that thin film deposition is good after, the ito glass substrate taken out place deionized water to carry out ultrasonic cleaning, dry then, obtain the CdS film.
2. preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the cleaning step of ito glass substrate in the step (1) is as follows: used earlier acetone, ethanol, each ultrasonic cleaning ito glass substrate of deionized water successively 15-20 minute; Use HCl and H then 2O 2Mixing solutions ultrasonic cleaning 10-15min; Used the deionized water ultrasonic cleaning again 10-20 minute.
3. preparation method according to claim 2, the massfraction that it is characterized in that HCl in the described mixing solutions is 7-10%, H 2O 2Massfraction be 4-5%.
4. preparation method according to claim 1, the concrete steps that it is characterized in that configuration reaction solution in the step (2) are as follows: the solubility cadmium salt is dissolved in is configured to the cadmium salt soln that amount concentration is 0.001 ~ 0.02mol/L in the deionized water earlier, add then and the ammonium salt of cadmium salt with acid group, the amount concentration of ammonium salt is 0.01 ~ 0.1 mol/L; Add NH again 3H 2O regulator solution pH value obtains reaction solution to 10-11.
5. preparation method according to claim 4 is characterized in that described solubility cadmium salt is selected from a kind of in cadmium acetate, Cadmium chloride fine powder, cadmium iodide, cadmium nitrate, the Cadmium Sulphate.
6. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that being warming up in the step (3) 80 ℃-90 ℃, vibrate reactive tank or beat the reactive tank outer wall, add thiocarbamide or Sulfothiorine then, the amount concentration of the thiocarbamide of adding or Sulfothiorine is 0.001-0.01 mol/L.
7. according to the described preparation method of above-mentioned arbitrary claim, it is characterized in that vibrating reactive tank or beaing reactive tank outer wall 30-60s every 3min in the step (3).
8. preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the oven dry in the step (4) is to toast 5-10min under halogen tungsten lamp.
9. preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that reactive tank is placed on the magnetic stirring apparatus in the step (3).
CN2013101638301A 2013-05-03 2013-05-03 Preparation method of CdS film Pending CN103232060A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103922612A (en) * 2014-04-23 2014-07-16 桂林理工大学 Method for preparing CdSe film by adopting cold-heat alternating chemical bath method

Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1608742A (en) * 2003-10-21 2005-04-27 财团法人工业技术研究院 Microfluid film forming apparatus and method
CN102351429A (en) * 2011-07-06 2012-02-15 南京大学 Method for preparing wide bandgap nanometer cadmium sulfide thin film

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1608742A (en) * 2003-10-21 2005-04-27 财团法人工业技术研究院 Microfluid film forming apparatus and method
CN102351429A (en) * 2011-07-06 2012-02-15 南京大学 Method for preparing wide bandgap nanometer cadmium sulfide thin film

Non-Patent Citations (3)

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Title
X.B.XU ET AL.: "INFLUENCE OF CADMIUM SALTS ON A MODIFIED CHEMICAL BATH DEPOSITION OF CADMIUM SULFIDE THIN FILMS", 《SURFACE REVIEW AND LETTERS》, vol. 15, no. 3, 31 December 2008 (2008-12-31), pages 265 - 270 *
钱群: "CIGS薄膜太阳能电池的工艺研究与制造", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技II辑》, no. 07, 15 July 2011 (2011-07-15), pages 35 - 36 *
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103922612A (en) * 2014-04-23 2014-07-16 桂林理工大学 Method for preparing CdSe film by adopting cold-heat alternating chemical bath method

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