CN102676148A - High-density low-friction fracturing fluid - Google Patents
High-density low-friction fracturing fluid Download PDFInfo
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- CN102676148A CN102676148A CN2012101672079A CN201210167207A CN102676148A CN 102676148 A CN102676148 A CN 102676148A CN 2012101672079 A CN2012101672079 A CN 2012101672079A CN 201210167207 A CN201210167207 A CN 201210167207A CN 102676148 A CN102676148 A CN 102676148A
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Abstract
The invention relates to high-density low-friction fracturing fluid. The high-density low-friction fracturing fluid is made of, by weight, 20-46.5% of weighting agent sodium nitrate, 0.4-0.6% of thickener hydroxypropyl guar gum, 0.4-1.0% of cleanup additive Gemini surfactant, 0.1-0.3% of pH (potential of hydrogen) modifier, 0.1-0.3% of bactericide lauryltrimethylammonium chloride or dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium bromide, 0.5-1.0% of clay stabilizer quaternary ammonium salt, 0.5-1.0% of temperature stabilizer organic amine composite, and the balance water. Sodium nitrate is used for increasing weight, the density at the normal temperature can reach 1.35g/cm<3>, and the high-density low-friction fracturing fluid is long in delayed crosslinking time, low in friction, low in filter loss, high in high-temperature rheological property, and especially applicable to fracture modification of ultradeep compact reservoirs under unusual high pressure, wellhead construction pressure can be reduced remarkably. Further, the high-density low-friction fracturing fluid is applicable to massive popularization and application to mine fields, low in cost and low in stratum damage, and has wide market prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to stimulation technology field in the petroleum engineering, particularly the fracturing liquid in the waterfrac treatment construction.
Background technology
China central and west regions are found some surpressures, ultra dark fine and close oil and gas reservoir in succession, and this type hydrocarbon resources need could obtain high yield through fracturing reform.During the operation of high pressure and deep well reservoir fracturing, required operation pressure tends to surpass the pressure-bearing limit of well head, tubing string, can't guarantee construction safety and measure effect, even utilizes present technology and equipment can't carry out construction operation at all.In order to solve this difficult problem, proposed to increase the method that fluid column weight in the pit shaft reduces wellhead pressure, produced the weighted fracture fluid system thus.
According to external (SPE118904,2009), in pressing crack construction process, adding weighting agent inorganic salt in the fracturing liquid form high-density and can reach 1.50g/cm
3Weighted fracture fluid.K. people such as Bartko is to the tight sand stratum of Saudi Arabia, and fracture pressure gradient is up to 0.0249MPa/m, and temperature is up to 190 ℃, and successfully having researched and developed density is 1.47g/cm
3The weighted fracture fluid system, use this system after, the ability of pressure break required equipment is reduced to 103MPa by 138MPa, whole construction course, construction curve is smooth, but there is the problem that frictional resistance is high, reservoir damage is big in this system.
The domestic method of having reported some raising fracturing liquid density in succession effectively reduces the well head operation pressure, as adopts inorganic bromine salt (Sodium Bromide, Potassium Bromide) to increase the weight of, and high-density can reach 1.5g/cm
3Also there are the inorganic bromide of employing and muriate to carry out the compound method that increases the weight of, like the heavy cracking-fluid formula of patent CN200610090681.0 and CN200510105813.8 announcement.But increase the weight of for single Repone K, the fracturing liquid maximum density that it increases the weight of is 1.15g/cm
3, the fluid column pressure that provides is limited.Domestic indoor experiment at present and mining site facts have proved that there are some subject matters in the prescription that adopts bromine salt to increase the weight of: (1) bromine salt cost is high, compare with common fracturing liquid, because of the cost that increases the weight of to cause increases about 2000-4500 unit/m
3Pressure break a bite well needs fracturing liquid 500m by medium pressure break scale
3, then increase the weight of the back cost and increase by ten thousand yuan of/mouthful wells of 100-225; (2) to melon colloid system, the bromide weighting agent can make crosslinking time prolong, and reduces system fluidised form index n value, increases consistency index K value simultaneously, and the frictional resistance that causes flowing rises; (3) Br
-Have reductibility, under the stratum high-temperature high pressure, consume gel breaker fast, make difficult, the broken glue of fracturing liquid rubber-breaking not thorough, formation damage increases.
Therefore, it is very necessary to seek a kind of new cheap weighting agent, can reduce cost, and can overcome the disadvantageous effect that bromine salt weighting agent produces the fracturing liquid performance again.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of high-density to hang down the frictional resistance fracturing liquid, this fracturing liquid adopts SODIUMNITRATE to increase the weight of, and through the fracturing liquid of adjustment weighting agent consumption preparation different densities, 20 ℃ of preparations of normal temperature density is up to 1.35g/cm
3, this fracturing liquid delay cross linking time is long, frictional resistance is low, leak-off is low, has the good high-temperature rheological property, is specially adapted to surpressure, ultra dark compact reservoir fracturing reform, significantly reduces the well head operation pressure, is fit to the mining site large-scale promotion application.This fracturing liquid low price, with low cost, and little to formation damage, help environment protection, overcome the deficiency of bromine salt weighting agent in the prior art.
For reaching above technical purpose, the present invention provides following technical scheme.
Through in fracturing liquid, adding the weighting agent NaNO of Different Weight umber
3, make the low frictional resistance fracturing liquid of a series of high-density.
A kind of high-density of the present invention is hanged down the frictional resistance fracturing liquid, and its component and weight percent are following:
Weighting agent: 20-46.5%,
Thickening material: 0.4-0.6%,
Cleanup additive: 0.4-1.0%,
PH regulator agent: 0.1-0.3%,
Sterilant: 0.1-0.3%,
Clay stabilizer: 0.5-1.0%,
Temperature stabilising agent: 0.5-1.0%,
All the other are water.
Said weighting agent is a SODIUMNITRATE, and is actual according to mining site, generally prepares 20-46.5% and can satisfy the demand, density 1.16-1.35 g/cm
3
Said thickening material is a hydroxypropyl guar gum, and performance should satisfy oil ministerial standard SY/T5764-2007 pressure break with the requirement of vegetable jelly current techique.The hydroxypropyl guar gum optimum weight ratio is 0.4-0.6%.
Said cleanup additive is the Gemini tensio-active agent, two (tetradecyl dimethyl-) chlorine/brometo de amonios of ethylene group, and best operating weight compares 0.4-1.0%.Structural formula is following;
The low frictional resistance fracturing liquid of high-density of the present invention is alkaline fracturing liquid, and its pH regulator agent is Na
2CO
3, weight ratio is 0.1-0.3%, the pH value is 10.0-12.0.
Said sterilant is DTAC or dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium bromide, its weight ratio 0.1-0.3%.
Said clay stabilizer is a kind of polyquaternium, its weight ratio 0.5-1.0%.Structure is following:
The preparation process of this polyquaternium is following: with ammonium persulphate and S-WAT is initiator; With epoxy chloropropane, n n dimetylaniline is raw material reactive polymeric 5 hours in 65 ℃ of waters bath with thermostatic control; Acetone precipitation separates out and obtains that (Xie Changyu etc. anti-ly wash away, the development of long-acting polyquaternary amine type cationic clay stablizer, and petrochemical complex is used; The 27th the 3rd phase of volume, in June, 2008).
Said temperature stabilising agent is the mixture (being called for short the organic amine mixture) that trolamine, methyl alcohol and Tween-20 form, its weight ratio 0.5-1.0%.
The of the fracturing fluid linking agent of the present invention is borate or organic boron zirconium complex, can be crosslinked with vicinal hydroxyl groups generation in the polygalactomannan, and crosslinked weight ratio is: 100 compare 0.4-1.0.
The of the fracturing fluid gel breaker of the present invention is capsulated ammonium persulphate or Potassium Persulphate, in practice of construction, is added by the quantitative adding apparatus of gel breaker through truck-mounted blender, and the weight ratio of adding is 0.02-0.05%.
Weighted fracture fluid system of the present invention, through experiment test, over-all properties is following:
(1) fracturing liquid adjustable density, under 20 ℃, density reaches as high as 1.35 g/cm
3
(2) with low cost, by 1.35 g/cm
3The maximum density preparation is than the low 3500-4000 unit/m of equal densities bromine salt weighted fracture fluid price
3
(3) weighting agent and other additive compatiblenesies are good, do not influence of the fracturing fluid crosslinked and broken glue;
(4) have the delay cross linking characteristic, delay cross linking time 180-720s, crosslinking time is adjustable;
(5) rheological property is good, base fluid viscosity 60-85mPa.s.Crosslinked back frozen glue viscosity is in 150 ℃, 170s
-1After shearing 7200s, viscosity remains on more than 180 mPa.s;
(6) the static test leakoff coefficent does
(7) to core damage rate 19.6-26.5%;
(8) through the test of circulating device frictional resistance, fracturing liquid frictional resistance of the present invention is the 35-56% of clear water frictional resistance under the same terms.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is: (1) low price is merely about 1/8th to 1/10th of bromine salt weighting agent fracturing liquid price; (2) weighting agent SODIUMNITRATE can not influence the cross-linking properties of guar gum fracturing fluid, does not change system fluidised form index n value, consistency index K value; (3) do not influence of the fracturing fluid broken glue, little to formation damage.
Description of drawings
Test flow curve when Fig. 1 is 120 ℃ of the fracturing liquids of embodiment 2 preparation
Test flow curve when Fig. 2 is 150 ℃ of the fracturing liquids of embodiment 3 preparation
Embodiment
(1) (density is 1.16g/cm to fracturing liquid prescription one of the present invention
3)
Weighting agent SODIUMNITRATE weight ratio: 20%
Thickening material hydroxypropyl guar gum weight ratio: 0.50%
Cleanup additive Gemini surface active agent weight ratio: 0.5%,
PH regulator agent Na
2CO
3Weight ratio: 0.1%
Sterilant DTAC weight ratio: 0.15%
Clay stabilizer polyquaternium weight ratio: 0.5%
Temperature stabilising agent is the mixture weight ratio that trolamine, methyl alcohol and Tween-20 form: 0.5%
Water: 77.75%.
(2) preparation of the above-mentioned prescription weighted fracture fluid of 1000g
In the waring whisking appliance, add entry 777.5g, add SODIUMNITRATE 200g again, start whisking appliance and fully dissolve by it; Constantly stir and add thickening material hydroxypropyl guar gum 5.0g down; After the swelling 30min thickening, add yellow soda ash 1g successively, sterilant DTAC 1.5g; Clay stabilizer polyquaternium 5.0g; The mixture 5.0g that temperature stabilising agent trolamine, methyl alcohol and Tween-20 form, cleanup additive Gemini surface active agent 5.0g forms the homogeneous thick liquid.
(3) fracturing liquid performance index
Use the fracturing liquid base fluid of embodiment 1 formulated, its density is 1.16g/cm
3, base fluid viscosity 66mPa.s, pH value 11.0.Adopt the organic borate cross-linker of crosslinked weight ratio 100:0.5 crosslinked, frozen glue is at 170s
-1, 160 ℃ more than the initial viscosity 550mPa.s, shear 120min after viscosity keep 100mPa.s; Delay cross linking time 280-330s; The static test leakoff coefficent does
To core damage rate 22.1%; Circulating device frictional resistance test in the time of 90 ℃, conversion 4.5m
3/ min, 88.9mm caliber are 46% of clear water frictional resistance down.Adopt ammonium persulphate as gel breaker, during gel breaker dosage weight ratio 0.03% (300ppm), the breaking glue solution viscosity is less than 5 mPa.s behind the 240min, and thoroughly aquation is broken glue.
Embodiment 2
(1) (density is 1.30g/cm to fracturing liquid prescription two of the present invention
3)
Weighting agent SODIUMNITRATE weight ratio: 40%
Thickening material hydroxypropyl guar gum weight ratio: 0.52%
Cleanup additive Gemini surface active agent weight ratio: 0.5%,
PH regulator agent Na
2CO
3Weight ratio: 0.1%
Sterilant DTAC weight ratio: 0.15%
Clay stabilizer polyquaternium weight ratio: 0.5%
The mixture weight ratio that temperature stabilising agent trolamine, methyl alcohol and Tween-20 form: 0.5%
Water: 57.73%.
(2) preparation of the above-mentioned prescription weighted fracture fluid of 1000g
In the waring whisking appliance, add entry 577.3g, add SODIUMNITRATE 400g again, start whisking appliance and fully dissolve by it; Constantly stir and add thickening material hydroxypropyl guar gum 5.2g down; After the swelling 30min thickening, add yellow soda ash 1.0g successively, sterilant DTAC 1.5g; Clay stabilizer polyquaternium 5.0g; The mixture 5.0g that temperature stabilising agent trolamine, methyl alcohol and Tween-20 form, cleanup additive Gemini surface active agent 5.0g forms the homogeneous thick liquid.
(3) fracturing liquid performance index
Use the fracturing liquid base fluid of embodiment 2 formulated, its density is 1.30g/cm
3, base fluid viscosity 73mPa.s, pH value 11.0.The static test leakoff coefficent does
To core damage rate 23.9%; Circulating device frictional resistance test in the time of 90 ℃, conversion 4.5m
3/ min, 88.9mm caliber are 48.9% of clear water frictional resistance down.Adopt ammonium persulphate as gel breaker, during gel breaker dosage weight ratio 0.05% (500ppm), the breaking glue solution viscosity is less than 5 mPa.s behind the 240min, and thoroughly aquation is broken glue.
120 ℃ of flow curves of this fracturing liquid are seen Fig. 1.The employing organic borate cross-linker is crosslinked, and crosslinked weight ratio is 100:0.55, and is visible from figure, and crosslinked back frozen glue is at 170s
-1, 120 ℃ of initial viscosities reach more than the 700mPa.s, shear 120min after viscosity keep 120mPa.s, delay cross linking time 360-420s.Explain this fracturing liquid cording have very strong take grittiness can, keep long time of lag simultaneously, effectively reduce the frictional resistance that flows.
Embodiment 3
(1) (density is 1.35g/cm to fracturing liquid prescription three of the present invention
3)
Weighting agent SODIUMNITRATE weight ratio: 46.5%
Thickening material hydroxypropyl guar gum weight ratio: 0.55%
Cleanup additive Gemini surface active agent weight ratio: 1.0%,
PH regulator agent Na
2CO
3Weight ratio: 0.15%
Sterilant DTAC weight ratio: 0.15%
Clay stabilizer polyquaternium weight ratio: 1.0%
Temperature stabilising agent organic amine mixture weight ratio: 1.0%
Water: 49.65%.
(2) preparation of the above-mentioned prescription weighted fracture fluid of 1000g
In the waring whisking appliance, add entry 496.5g, add SODIUMNITRATE 465g again, start whisking appliance and fully dissolve by it; Constantly stir and add thickening material hydroxypropyl guar gum 5.5g down; After the swelling 30min thickening, add yellow soda ash 1.5g successively, sterilant DTAC 1.5g; Clay stabilizer polyquaternium 10.0g; The mixture 10.0g that temperature stabilising agent trolamine, methyl alcohol and Tween-20 form, cleanup additive Gemini surface active agent 10.0g forms the homogeneous thick liquid.
(3) fracturing liquid performance index
Use the fracturing liquid base fluid of embodiment 3 formulated, its density is 1.16g/cm
3, base fluid viscosity 66mPa.s, pH value 12.0; The static test leakoff coefficent does
To core damage rate 22.1%; Circulating device frictional resistance test in the time of 90 ℃, conversion 4.5m
3/ min, 88.9mm caliber are 51.4% of clear water frictional resistance down.Adopt ammonium persulphate as gel breaker, during gel breaker dosage weight ratio 0.05% (500ppm), the breaking glue solution viscosity is less than 5mPa.s behind the 240min, and thoroughly aquation is broken glue.
150 ℃ of flow curves of this fracturing liquid are seen Fig. 2.Visible from figure, adopt organic borate cross-linker crosslinked, crosslinked weight ratio is 100:0.6, and is visible from figure, crosslinked back frozen glue is at 170s
-1, 150 ℃ of initial viscosities reach more than the 850mPa.s, shear 120min after viscosity keep 180mPa.s, delay cross linking time 360-450s.Explain that this fracturing liquid ties up under the higher temperature, still keep the rheology of friendship and take the grittiness ability, keep long time of lag simultaneously, effectively reduce mobile frictional resistance.
Claims (3)
1. a high-density is hanged down the frictional resistance fracturing liquid, and its component and weight percent are following:
Weighting agent SODIUMNITRATE: 20-46.5%,
Thickening material hydroxypropyl guar gum: 0.4-0.6%,
Two (tetradecyl dimethyl-) chlorine/brometo de amonio: the 0.4-1.0% of cleanup additive ethylene group,
PH regulator agent Na
2CO
3: 0.1-0.3%,
Sterilant DTAC or dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium bromide: 0.1-0.3%,
Clay stabilizer polyquaternium: 0.5-1.0%,
Temperature stabilising agent organic amine mixture: 0.5-1.0%,
All the other are water.
2. fracturing liquid as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that; The preparation of said clay stabilizer polyquaternium is as follows: with ammonium persulphate and S-WAT is initiator, is raw material reactive polymeric 5 hours in 65 ℃ of waters bath with thermostatic control with epoxy chloropropane, n n dimetylaniline, and acetone precipitation is separated out and obtained.
3. fracturing liquid as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, said temperature stabilising agent organic amine mixture is the mixture that trolamine, methyl alcohol and Tween-20 form.
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| CN103571449A (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2014-02-12 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Long-acting clay stabilizer for oil well and preparation and application thereof |
| CN103788937A (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2014-05-14 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Low-damage seawater base weighted fracturing liquid |
| CN103980875A (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2014-08-13 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | High-density fracturing fluid and method for increasing hydrostatic fluid column pressure thereof |
| CN104178101A (en) * | 2013-05-21 | 2014-12-03 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Weighted fracturing fluid |
| CN104540920A (en) * | 2012-11-12 | 2015-04-22 | 亨斯迈石油化学有限责任公司 | Alkylated polyetheramines as clay stabilizing agents |
| CN105441058A (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2016-03-30 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | High-temperature-resistant low-concentration guar gum weighted fracturing fluid and application thereof |
| CN105985763A (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2016-10-05 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Weighted fracturing fluid with low guar gum concentration |
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| US9719007B2 (en) | 2012-11-12 | 2017-08-01 | Huntsman Petrochemical Llc | Alkylated polyetheramines as clay stabilizing agents |
| CN104540920A (en) * | 2012-11-12 | 2015-04-22 | 亨斯迈石油化学有限责任公司 | Alkylated polyetheramines as clay stabilizing agents |
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| CN103571449B (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2016-08-17 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Long-acting clay stabilizer for oil well and preparation and application thereof |
| CN103571449A (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2014-02-12 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Long-acting clay stabilizer for oil well and preparation and application thereof |
| CN103788937A (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2014-05-14 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Low-damage seawater base weighted fracturing liquid |
| CN103980875A (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2014-08-13 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | High-density fracturing fluid and method for increasing hydrostatic fluid column pressure thereof |
| CN105985763A (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2016-10-05 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Weighted fracturing fluid with low guar gum concentration |
| CN105985763B (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2019-12-10 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Weighted fracturing fluid with low guar gum concentration |
| CN105441058A (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2016-03-30 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | High-temperature-resistant low-concentration guar gum weighted fracturing fluid and application thereof |
| CN109915101A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2019-06-21 | 北京华油油气技术开发有限公司 | A kind of full fracture guide fracturing technology |
| CN108300448A (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-07-20 | 西安石油大学 | A kind of fracturing fluid and preparation method thereof for fine and close oil-gas reservoir |
| CN108300448B (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2019-03-26 | 西安石油大学 | A kind of fracturing fluid and preparation method thereof for fine and close oil-gas reservoir |
| CN109852367A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-06-07 | 四川申和新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of slippery water of lotion friction reducer and preparation method and application the lotion friction reducer |
| CN114032082A (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-02-11 | 新疆力科石油化工技术服务有限公司 | High-density fracturing fluid and preparation device |
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