CN101911900A - Grafting survival method of walnut test tube seedlings outside test tube - Google Patents
Grafting survival method of walnut test tube seedlings outside test tube Download PDFInfo
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- CN101911900A CN101911900A CN2010102319225A CN201010231922A CN101911900A CN 101911900 A CN101911900 A CN 101911900A CN 2010102319225 A CN2010102319225 A CN 2010102319225A CN 201010231922 A CN201010231922 A CN 201010231922A CN 101911900 A CN101911900 A CN 101911900A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a walnut seedling cultivating method, in particular to a grafting survival method of walnut test tube seedlings outside a test tube, solving the problems of low propagation coefficient, long seedling growing time, unstable survival rate, and the like of the traditional walnut propagation method. The grafting survival method of the walnut test tube seedlings outside the test tube comprises the following steps of: (1) cultivation of the rootstock seedlings; (2) cultivation of cions, which comprises the obtaining of rootless test tube seedlings and the acclimatization of the rootless test tube seedlings; (3) selection of cortex salicis and preparation and treatment of a growth regulator solution; and (4) grafting comprising the treatment of the cions and the rootstock seedlings: inserting the wedge-shaped parts of the cions into the vertical incisions of the rootstock seedlings during the grafting, then taking out the cortex salicis soaked in the growth regulator solution to wrap the split parts of the rootstock seedlings, and binding from bottom to top by using strip-shaped parafilms. The grafting survival method of the walnut test tube seedlings outside the test tube has fast propagation, can grow the seedlings for one year and enhance the grafting survival rate from 45 percent to more than 85 percent and has the advantages of fast and firm healing of wounds, high operability, simplicity, practicability, low cost, fast propagation, extensive application prospect and obvious economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the breeding method of a kind of walnut nursery stock, be specially the method for the outer grafting survival of a kind of walnut test-tube plantlet test tube.
Background technology
Walnut (Juglans regia L) is Juglandaceae (Juglandaceae) juglans, is the great sphere economy woods seeds that economy, ecology and social benefit come out at the top, and is positioned at the row of the world's four big dry fruits.Along with the nutritive value quilt of walnut is extensively cognitive; the sharp increase of the walnut market demand capacity; and the development of production of fruit trees, administrative skill and popularizing; walnut production just changes to scientific management, intensive management direction from extensive, the half extensive operation state in past; the thing followed is the wilderness demand to walnut improved seeds and nursery stock thereof, but incomplete propagation technique is the huge obstacle of improved seeds popularization of restriction walnut and large-scale development always.
Traditional walnut propagation method mainly is grow directly from seeds breeding and propagation by grafiting, and there is following shortcoming in actual applications in these two kinds of walnut propagation techniques: the breeding of growing directly from seeds belongs to sexual propagation, and its offspring proterties is often taken place separated, and can not keep the merit of maternal plant; Conventional land for growing field crops propagation by grafiting belongs to vegetative propagation, though the offspring can keep the merit of maternal plant, but have that reproduction coefficient is low, speed is slow, become the seedling time long, cost is high, survival rate is unstable, be subjected to unfavorable factor such as fringe bar restricted number, especially formed grafting mouth is not done suitable processing after anvil seedling interface is inserted in scion, very easily contaminated, be difficult to healing, cause the loss of idiotrophic composition, thereby influenced the graft survival rate of walnut greatly, this is a key issue that causes walnut seedling reproduction coefficient low.
Summary of the invention
The present invention for solve existing walnut grafting asexual reproduction method exist reproduction coefficient low, become long, problems such as cost is high, survival rate instability of seedling time, the method for the outer grafting survival of a kind of walnut test-tube plantlet test tube is provided.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize: the method for the outer grafting survival of a kind of walnut test-tube plantlet test tube may further comprise the steps:
(1) cultivation of rootstock seedling: make the anvil kind with the walnut seed, handle through presoaking and germinating, treat that radicle grows after 6-8 days, plumule exposes after 9-12 days, when the high 9-11cm of being of seedling, true leaf launch as yet, when young stem is in light red, promptly can be used as rootstock seedling;
(2) cultivation of scion: the 1. acquisition of unrooted test-tube plantlet: adopt down the walnut spray from elite stand, in the blake bottle of epiphragma, utilize medium to cultivate stage by stage, when the test tube height of seedling is 2.5-3.5cm, blade 5-6 sheet, can obtain the unrooted test-tube plantlet; 2. the hardening of unrooted test-tube plantlet: select vigorous, the sturdy unrooted test-tube plantlet of growth, blake bottle was placed natural scattering light lower refining seedling earlier 5 days, throw off a bottle film then, inject the high running water of 1cm, continued hardening 2-3 days, promptly can be used as scion and carry out grafting;
The preparation and the processing of (3) selection of willow bark, growth regulating agent solution: choose that epidermis is yellowish green, smooth, between knot long, no scar save, the strong withy of growth potential of no damage by disease and insect, remove the tender part of blade and taper children, clean up, and carry out disinfection with the alcohol wipe surface, standby; Take by weighing each 0.05g of methyl and indolebutyric acid, with alcohol dissolving, be diluted in then in 1 liter the sterile water, being made into concentration is the growth regulating agent solution of 100mg/l;
(4) grafting: the 1. processing of scion: at first the scion lower end is trimmed, stay two to launch leaf, base portion is whittled into wedge shape, the long 1.5-2.0cm of tangent plane; 2. the processing of rootstock seedling: at the stock height of seedling is that the 3-5cm place selects smooth, a vertical place to carry out crosscut, cuts a vertical incision than the long 0.2cm of wedge-like portion of scion from top to bottom from the stem middle part again; 3. grafting: earlier reach xylem from the perpendicular partial application of base portion on the withy of choosing, the circulating beam branch is cut then, takes off willow bark and puts into the growth regulating agent solution and soak 3-5 second, and is standby; During grafting the wedge-like portion of scion is inserted the vertical incision of rootstock seedling, the willow bark that will soak in the growth regulating agent solution then takes out, encase the rootstock seedling position of riving, make the willow bark junction be in the rive vertical direction of direction of rootstock seedling, the willow bark upper end is higher than rootstock seedling transverse incision 0.2cm, seals film with strip parafilm at last and from bottom to top whole grafting mouth is carried out bondage.Described parafilm seals film for existing known products, has the damp proof performance of waterproof, effectively stops the growth regulating solution evaporation on the willow bark, avoids being polluted, and has good toughness simultaneously, is convenient to colligation.
When the unrooted test-tube plantlet is cultivated, the walnut spray is just trained in the medium at MS cultivated earlier, continue to cultivate in proliferated culture medium again, proliferated culture medium is the additional BA1.2mg/l of DKW, and IBA0.01mg/l cultivates in MS strong seedling culture base at last.Wherein the MS medium is to use the most general medium at present, and it has higher inorganic salt concentration, can guarantee that the required mineral nutrition of tissue growth can also quicken callus Growth; DKW composition and ratio also are well known to those of ordinary skill in the art, comprise tens kinds of compositions such as ammonium nitrate, boric acid, anhydrous calcium chloride, the BA1.2mg/l that it is additional, and IBA0.01mg/l also is a product known in this field.
Compared with prior art, the method of the outer grafting survival of walnut test-tube plantlet test tube provided by the invention, because the grafting mouth wraps up with the fresh willow bark that soaks outgrowth conditioning agent solution, and seal the film bondage with parafilm, can reduce the grafting mouth pollutes, promote the healing of grafting mouth, keep grafting mouth humidity, thereby improve the outer graft survival rate of test-tube plantlet test tube, this method breeding is fast, can a year's harvest seedling, save manpower, material resources and time, graft survival rate is brought up to more than 85% from 45%, and wound healing is fast and firmly, along with the healing of grafting part with increase thick, willow bark and parafilm seal film and ftracture automatically, come off, need not manually remove.In a word, this method strong operability is drawn materials conveniently, and simple and practical, cost is low, breeding is fast, can produce in the anniversary, seedling is neat, and will grow seedlings to lose is reduced to floor level, has broad application prospects and the significant social economic benefit.
Embodiment
The method of the outer grafting survival of a kind of walnut test-tube plantlet test tube may further comprise the steps:
(1) cultivation of rootstock seedling:
Selection is individual greatly, kind benevolence is full, disease-free, exosper takes off clean walnut seed and makes the anvil kind, soaks 3 days in warm water, changes water every day 1～2 time.Seed after the abundant suction is put in the sterile wet sand in greenhouse and carries out vernalization.Husky humidity can not be too big, hold agglomerating, unclamp promptly loose then can, and to preserve moisture.Treat that radicle grows after 6-8 days, plumule exposes after 9-12 days, when the high 9-11cm of being of seedling, true leaf launch as yet, when young stem still is in light red, promptly can be used as rootstock seedling.During taking-up, attention must carefully can not be bumped arbitrary parts such as plumule, radicle or walnut, and the time of can not shelving outside is oversize, in case the grafting while getting is answered in the young tender radicle or the plumule dehydration of sprouting just;
(2) cultivation of scion:
1. the acquisition of unrooted test-tube plantlet: in spring, the tender tip of eugonic walnut is adopted back from the land for growing field crops, after the conventional sterilization treatment of process, be cut into stem-segment with single bud, place training medium (for the MS medium) (blake bottle of epiphragma, down together) just; After 1 month, the normal lateral bud of the growth of sprouting is downcut, subculture is in the medium that adds variety classes, variable concentrations growth regulatory substance, and (medium is the additional BA1.2mg/l of DKW, IBA0.01mg/l) as proliferated culture medium to select the highest growth regulatory substance proportioning medium of the rate of increase; Change the unrooted test-tube plantlet of propagation over to strong seedling culture base (for MS minimal medium), when 5～6 of the about 2.5～3.5cm of test tube height of seedling, blade, can carry out hardening;
2. the hardening of unrooted test-tube plantlet: select vigorous, the sturdy unrooted test-tube plantlet of growth, blake bottle was placed natural scattering light lower refining seedling earlier 5 days, strengthen illumination during this gradually, prevent that unexpected illumination is too strong, here the unrooted test-tube plantlet is withered.Throw off a bottle film then, inject the high running water of 1cm, continued hardening 2-3 days.If environment is clean, when medium pollutes gently, can the proper extension hardening time.Promptly can be used as scion after the hardening and carry out grafting;
The preparation and the processing of (3) selection of willow bark, growth regulating agent solution: choose that epidermis is yellowish green, smooth, between knot long, no scar save, the strong withy of growth potential of no damage by disease and insect, remove the tender part of blade and taper children, take back seeding room, clean up with running water, and carry out disinfection with 75% alcohol wipe surface, to put standbyly on one side, the effect of willow bark is both can keep interface not dehydration of position, reduce brownization of wound, the salicylic acid that promotes the callus healing can be provided again; Take by weighing each 0.05g of methyl and indolebutyric acid, dissolve with alcohol, be diluted in then in 1 liter the sterile water, being made into concentration is the growth regulating agent solution of 100mg/l, to in the growth regulating agent solution, soak for 3～5 seconds through the willow bark of sterilization during grafting, be wrapped in the interface position then, through the processing of growth regulating agent solution, can promote the formation of scion and stock junction callus, to promote the immediate union at interface position;
(4) grafting: the same with conventional grafting, commonly used have methods such as side grafting, cleft grafting.But the present invention is through practical proof, and effective method is cleft grafting
1. the processing of scion
To be transported to seeding room together through the unrooted test-tube plantlet band blake bottle of hardening, take out test-tube plantlet with tweezers, residual medium above the wash clean, be put in the basin of containing sterile water unnecessary blade is removed together with petiole, base portion is whittled into wedge, and tangent plane is about 1.5-2.0cm, and attention can not overexert, in order to avoid cut disconnected test-tube plantlet, cause scion too short and can not utilize.The scion of cutting is put in the sterile water standby;
2. the processing of rootstock seedling
At the stock height of seedling is that the 3-5cm place selects smooth, a vertical place to carry out crosscut, cuts a vertical incision than the long 0.2cm of wedge-like portion of scion from top to bottom from the stem middle part again, firmly careful, can not cut partially;
3. grafting
Earlier reach xylem from the perpendicular partial application of base portion on the withy of choosing, the circulating beam branch is cut then, and the length that makes the willow bark that takes off is than the long slightly 0.3-0.5cm of the incision length on the stock, takes off willow bark and puts into the growth regulating agent solution and soak 3-5 second, and is standby; With the right hand stock that cuts is broken into two with one's hands earlier during grafting, left hand is held the scion of cutting, the vertical incision of wedge-like portion along stock alignd with cambium by one side downwards, loose one's grip then and scion is clamped by the stock that cuts, the wedge-like portion that is about to scion is inserted the vertical incision of rootstock seedling, the willow bark that will soak in the growth regulating agent solution then takes out, the morphology upper end upwards, encase the rootstock seedling position of riving, make the willow bark junction be in the rive vertical direction of direction of rootstock seedling, the willow bark upper end is higher than rootstock seedling transverse incision 0.2cm, seals film with strip parafilm at last and from bottom to top whole grafting mouth is carried out bondage.Attention can not be too tightly or pine too.Used parafilm bar can not pull into thin-line-shaped, must open and flat twining in interface, in case rein in the into tender cortex of stock children, form ring-cutting form, and influence is nutrition defeated logical up and down, causes the grafting failure.
4. the management after the grafting
Grafting is put in the greenhouse nutritive cube, the about 7cm nutrition soil in nutritive cube bottom shop (nutrition soil is with fine sand, humus soil, garden mould was prepared and was stirred evenly by 3: 1: 1, watered permeable), the clean fine sand of upper berth 2cm is to keep cleaning and humidity.For guaranteeing grafting growing environment humidity, put up the little shed of plastics.Began for 1 week, keep in the shed humidity nearly 100%, every morning, respectively carry out the atomizing water spray afternoon 1 time, do not disappear with the dewdrop on the film and be advisable, in case scion is wilted.Simultaneously, maximum temperature can not from the 3rd day, be leaked informaton 2 times enough fresh airs in the assurance canopy above 28 ℃ every day in the canopy on daytime.For preventing courses of infection, every the thiophanate methyl of 800 times of 1 week sprays one time.About about 10 days, young sprout began growth, grows about 3-4 sheet young leaves about 15 days, the high about 7-8cm of the newly long tender tip.Can increase the number of times that leaks informaton gradually, adapt to external environment condition fully up to grafting.Through the long term test checking, use this grafting method, graft survival rate is brought up to more than 85% from 45%.And wound healing is fast and firmly, and along with the healing of grafting part with increase slightly, willow bark and parafilm film ftracture automatically, come off, and need not manually remove.
Claims (2)
1. the method for the outer grafting survival of a walnut test-tube plantlet test tube is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(1) cultivation of rootstock seedling: make the anvil kind with the walnut seed, handle through presoaking and germinating, treat that radicle grows after 6-8 days, plumule exposes after 9-12 days, when the high 9-11cm of being of seedling, true leaf launch as yet, when young stem is in light red, promptly can be used as rootstock seedling;
(2) cultivation of scion:
1. the acquisition of unrooted test-tube plantlet: adopt down the walnut spray from elite stand, in the blake bottle of epiphragma, utilize medium to cultivate stage by stage, when the test tube height of seedling is 5～6 of 2.5～3.5cm, blade, can obtain the unrooted test-tube plantlet;
2. the hardening of unrooted test-tube plantlet: select vigorous, the sturdy unrooted test-tube plantlet of growth, blake bottle was placed natural scattering light lower refining seedling earlier 5 days, throw off a bottle film then, inject the high running water of 1cm, continued hardening 2-3 days, promptly can be used as scion and carry out grafting;
The preparation and the processing of (3) selection of willow bark, growth regulating agent solution: choose that epidermis is yellowish green, smooth, between knot long, no scar save, the strong withy of growth potential of no damage by disease and insect, remove the tender part of blade and taper children, clean up, and carry out disinfection with the alcohol wipe surface, standby; Take by weighing each 0.05g of methyl and indolebutyric acid, with alcohol dissolving, be diluted in then in 1 liter the sterile water, being made into concentration is the growth regulating agent solution of 100mg/l;
(4) grafting:
1. the processing of scion
At first the scion lower end is trimmed, stay two to launch leaf, base portion is whittled into wedge shape, the long 1.5～2.0cm of tangent plane;
2. the processing of rootstock seedling
At the stock height of seedling is that 3～5cm place selects smooth, a vertical place to carry out crosscut, cuts a vertical incision than the long 0.2cm of wedge-like portion of scion from top to bottom from the stem middle part again;
3. grafting
Earlier reach xylem from the perpendicular partial application of base portion on the withy of choosing, the circulating beam branch is cut then, takes off willow bark and puts into the growth regulating agent solution and soak 3-5 second, and is standby; During grafting the wedge-like portion of scion is inserted the vertical incision of rootstock seedling, the willow bark that will soak in the growth regulating agent solution then takes out, encase the rootstock seedling position of riving, make the willow bark junction be in the rive vertical direction of direction of rootstock seedling, the willow bark upper end is higher than rootstock seedling transverse incision 0.2cm, seals film with strip parafilm at last and from bottom to top whole grafting mouth is carried out bondage.
2. the method for the outer grafting survival of a kind of walnut test-tube plantlet test tube according to claim 1, when it is characterized in that the unrooted test-tube plantlet is cultivated, earlier the walnut spray is just trained in the medium at MS and cultivated, in proliferated culture medium, continue again to cultivate, proliferated culture medium is the additional BA1.2mg/l of DKW, IBA0.01mg/l cultivates in MS strong seedling culture base at last.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102388806A (en) * | 2011-09-15 | 2012-03-28 | 江苏省林业科学研究院 | Carya illinoensis tissue culture propagating method |
| CN103283504A (en) * | 2013-06-27 | 2013-09-11 | 山东省果树研究所 | Method for grafting pear polyploidy test-tube plantlet outside test tube |
| CN104303852A (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2015-01-28 | 侯玉德 | Grafting method of weeping willow |
| CN105103967A (en) * | 2015-09-07 | 2015-12-02 | 临沂市农业科学院 | Moisture retention method for raising sweet potato and morning glory grafting survival rate |
| CN106305281A (en) * | 2016-08-20 | 2017-01-11 | 南京绿宙薄壳山核桃科技有限公司 | Planting method capable of increasing yield of high-quality variety Mahan of carya illinoensis |
| CN107318474A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-11-07 | 普定县绿源苗业开发有限公司 | A kind of engrafting method of premium |
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| CN101530050A (en) * | 2009-03-12 | 2009-09-16 | 新疆大学 | Thin-skin walnut indoor micro-branch engrafting method |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101530050A (en) * | 2009-03-12 | 2009-09-16 | 新疆大学 | Thin-skin walnut indoor micro-branch engrafting method |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102388806A (en) * | 2011-09-15 | 2012-03-28 | 江苏省林业科学研究院 | Carya illinoensis tissue culture propagating method |
| CN103283504A (en) * | 2013-06-27 | 2013-09-11 | 山东省果树研究所 | Method for grafting pear polyploidy test-tube plantlet outside test tube |
| CN103283504B (en) * | 2013-06-27 | 2014-10-08 | 山东省果树研究所 | Method for grafting pear polyploidy test-tube plantlet outside test tube |
| CN104303852A (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2015-01-28 | 侯玉德 | Grafting method of weeping willow |
| CN105103967A (en) * | 2015-09-07 | 2015-12-02 | 临沂市农业科学院 | Moisture retention method for raising sweet potato and morning glory grafting survival rate |
| CN106305281A (en) * | 2016-08-20 | 2017-01-11 | 南京绿宙薄壳山核桃科技有限公司 | Planting method capable of increasing yield of high-quality variety Mahan of carya illinoensis |
| CN107318474A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-11-07 | 普定县绿源苗业开发有限公司 | A kind of engrafting method of premium |
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Application publication date: 20101215 |