CN101859469A - Obscuration-forward scatter composite spot-type photoelectric smoke fire detector and detection method thereof - Google Patents
Obscuration-forward scatter composite spot-type photoelectric smoke fire detector and detection method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an obscuration-forward scatter composite spot-type photoelectric smoke fire detector and a detection method thereof, belonging to the technical field of fire detection. The detector of the invention comprises a smoke-sensing maze. The device is characterized in that the inside of the smoke-sensing maze is provided with a first infrared LED, a second infrared LED and an infrared receiving tube, wherein the angle COA using the center of the smoke-sensing maze as angular point between the second infrared LED and the infrared receiving tube is 123-139 degrees, the angle BOA using the center of the smoke-sensing maze as angular point between the first infrared LED and the infrared receiving tube is 180 degrees, and the first infrared LED, the second infrared LED and the infrared receiving tube are separately connected with a control circuit. The detection method comprises the following steps: ensuring an infrared LED C to light for 100mu S while sampling the forward scatter smoke current value; and ensuring an infrared LED B to light for 100mu S while sampling the obscuration smoke current value; and perform forward scatter smoke-sensing and obscuration smoke-sensing multisensor/multiple-criteria fire determination, and performing initial value compensation every four hours.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to the fire detection technology field, particularly relate to a kind of dim light and forward scattering and recover box-like spot-type photoelectric smoke detector and detection method thereof.
Background technology:
Spot-type photoelectric smoke detector is the maximum and the most widely used fire detector of present automatic fire detection-alarm field output.Spot-type photoelectric smoke detector can be divided into astigmatic formula (using smoke particle to light scattering principle) and dim light formula (use smoke particle light path is blocked principle) two big classes by the difference of Fundamentals of Sensors.Dim light formula smoke detector has response preferably for black smog, but relatively poor for the low concentration white smoke response sensitivity of fire initial stage generation, is significantly less than astigmatic formula smoke detector.Astigmatism formula smoke detector is divided into forward direction astigmatism formula and back to two kinds of astigmatic formulas again, wherein scattering angle greater than 90 ° forward direction astigmatism formula smoke detector because simple in structure, so spot-type photoelectric smoke detector adopts forward direction astigmatism formula smoke detector mostly for a long time, bigger white and the grey smog (as thermal decomposition of wood smoldering fire, cotton cord smoldering fire etc.) of particle diameter that it produced the fire initial stage has higher response sensitivity, and the black smog less to particle diameter (as polyurethane plastics naked light, normal heptane naked light etc.) response sensitivity is relatively poor; To such an extent as in some application places, when the fire initial stage occurs incuring loss through delay when being main to produce black smoke and reports to the police even fail to report accident.In order to solve this defective of forward direction astigmatism formula smoke detector, in recent years, people develop again scattering angle less than 90 °, the structure more complicated back to astigmatic formula smoke detector, though it has improved the response sensitivity to black smog, it but is significantly less than forward direction astigmatism formula smoke detector to the response sensitivity of white smoke.Single dim light formula, forward direction astigmatism formula, back all are difficult to the wide spectrum smog of different colours, different-grain diameter is reached balanced sensitive response performance to astigmatic formula smoke detector, nor can effectively screen smog, water vapour, oil smoke and dust, so that the rate of false alarm of working in environment such as dust, water vapour, oil smoke are arranged is higher.
Summary of the invention:
At present single dim light formula or astigmatic formula smoke detector to the balanced realistic problem that sensitive response performance is relatively poor, rate of false alarm is higher of wide spectrum smog, the invention provides a kind of based on different colours, different-grain diameter the wide spectrum smoke particle and such as non-smoke particles such as water vapour, oil smoke, dusts to the blocking with scattering properties and quantize the achievement in research of rule of infrared light, box-like spot-type photoelectric smoke detector and detection method thereof are recovered in the dim light and the forward scattering that dim light formula and two kinds of optical detector of fire smoke devices of forward direction astigmatism formula are optimized combination.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technical scheme, box-like spot-type photoelectric smoke detector is recovered in a kind of dim light and forward scattering, comprise the sense cigarette labyrinth that combines by labyrinth lid and labyrinth base, be characterized in being provided with the first infraluminescence pipe, second infraluminescence pipe and the infrared receiving tube in inside, described sense cigarette labyrinth; Center, the angle ∠ COA between the infrared receiving tube in described second infraluminescence pipe and sense cigarette labyrinth are 123 °～139 °, the center in described first infraluminescence pipe and sense cigarette labyrinth, the angle ∠ BOA between the infrared receiving tube are 180 °, and the described first infraluminescence pipe, the second infraluminescence pipe are connected with control circuit respectively with infrared receiving tube.
Center, the angle ∠ COA between the infrared receiving tube in described second infraluminescence pipe and sense cigarette labyrinth are preferably 129 °～135 °.
More preferably 132 ° of center, the angle ∠ COA between the infrared receiving tube in described second infraluminescence pipe and sense cigarette labyrinth.
It is 10 that described labyrinth lid and labyrinth base adopt conductivity
8The conduction ABS raw material casting of S/cm forms.
Described control circuit comprises signal processing circuit, telecommunication circuit, emission control circuit, photosignal change-over circuit, signal amplification and filtering circuit, fire alarm control unit and power circuit, signal processing circuit is connected with fire alarm control unit by telecommunication circuit, signal processing circuit is connected with emission control circuit, the output terminal of photosignal change-over circuit amplifies with signal and the input end of filtering circuit is connected, and signal amplifies and the output terminal of filtering circuit is connected with signal processing circuit; Power circuit amplifies with telecommunication circuit, emission control circuit, photosignal change-over circuit, signal processing circuit and signal respectively and filtering circuit is connected.
Described emission control circuit comprises the first infraluminescence pipe, the second infraluminescence pipe, the 22 resistance, the 24 resistance, the positive pole of the first infraluminescence pipe and the second infraluminescence pipe is connected with the positive pole of power supply respectively, the negative pole of the second infraluminescence pipe is connected through the collector of the 22 resistance with the 4th triode, the emitter of the 4th triode is connected with ground, and the base stage of the 4th triode is connected with the control port of single-chip microcomputer through the 23 resistance; The negative pole of the first infraluminescence pipe is connected through the collector of the 24 resistance with the 5th triode, and the emitter of the 5th triode is connected with ground, and the base stage of the 5th triode is connected with the control port of single-chip microcomputer through the 8th resistance.
Described photosignal change-over circuit comprises infrared receiving tube, the 9th resistance, the tenth resistance, the 6th electric capacity and the 7th electric capacity, and the positive pole of power supply is connected with the negative pole of infrared receiving tube, the negative pole of the 7th electric capacity respectively through the 9th resistance; The positive pole of infrared receiving tube is connected with ground through the tenth resistance, and the positive pole of the 7th electric capacity is connected with ground, is parallel with the 6th electric capacity at the two ends of the tenth resistance, and the positive pole of infrared receiving tube amplifies with signal and the input end of filtering circuit is connected.
Described signal amplifies and filtering circuit comprises first order amplifier, second level amplifier, the positive input one tunnel of second level amplifier is connected through the output terminal of the 5th electric capacity with first order amplifier, another Lu Jingdi 13 resistance are connected with ground, the positive input of first order amplifier is the input end of signal amplification and filtering circuit, the reverse input end of first order amplifier is connected with ground through the 11 resistance, is parallel with the 12 resistance and the 12 electric capacity between the reverse input end of first order amplifier and output terminal; The output terminal of second level amplifier is connected with the input end of single-chip microcomputer; The reverse input end of second level amplifier is connected with ground through the 14 resistance, is parallel with the 15 resistance and the 13 electric capacity between the reverse input end of second level amplifier and output terminal.
Described telecommunication circuit comprises the communications reception circuit and the answer circuit of communicating by letter, described communications reception circuit comprises the 18 resistance, the 19 resistance, the 20 resistance, the 21 resistance, the 3rd electric capacity, the 4th electric capacity and the 3rd triode, the positive pole of power supply is connected through the collector of the 21 resistance with the 3rd triode, and the emitter of the 3rd triode is connected with ground; The collector of the 3rd triode is connected with the input/output end port of single-chip microcomputer, between the base stage of the positive pole of power supply and the 3rd triode, be connected with the 20 resistance, between the collector of the 3rd triode and emitter, be connected with the 4th electric capacity, between the base stage of the 3rd triode and emitter, be connected with the 19 resistance; The base stage of the 3rd triode is connected with antenna through the 18 resistance, the 3rd electric capacity successively; Described communication is answered circuit and is comprised the 16 resistance, second triode and the 17 resistance, the base stage of second triode is connected with the input/output end port of single-chip microcomputer through the 16 resistance, the emitter of second triode is connected with ground, and the collector of second triode is connected with antenna through the 17 resistance.
Described signal processing circuit is made up of single-chip microcomputer and peripheral circuit thereof.
The detection method of box-like spot-type photoelectric smoke detector is recovered in described dim light and forward scattering, comprises the steps:
Step 1: carry out initialization;
Step 2: whether 1 second time of judgement time-delay has arrived, if then execution in step three, if not, then returns execution in step two;
Step 3: make the second infraluminescence pipe C light 100 μ S, and the forward scattering sense cigarette currency Qn that samples simultaneously;
Step 4: 300 μ S delay time;
Step 5: make the first infraluminescence pipe B light 100 μ S, and the dim light sense cigarette currency Jn that samples simultaneously;
Step 6: judge whether 4 hours initial value compensation time arrived at interval,, if not, then change and go execution in step 11 if then execution in step seven;
Step 7: whether the absolute value of judging the difference of forward scattering sense cigarette A/D currency and forward scattering sense cigarette A/D initial value is less than or equal to forward scattering sense cigarette initial value compensation judgment value, if then execution in step eight, if not, then changes and goes execution in step nine;
Step 8: with forward scattering sense cigarette A/D currency assignment to forward scattering sense cigarette A/D initial value;
Step 9: whether the absolute value of judging the difference of dim light sense cigarette A/D currency and dim light sense cigarette A/D initial value is less than or equal to dim light sense cigarette initial value compensation judgment value, if then execution in step ten, if not, then changes and goes execution in step 11;
Step 10: with dim light sense cigarette A/D currency assignment to dim light sense cigarette A/D initial value;
Step 11: whether judge forward scattering sense cigarette A/D currency more than or equal to 824, if, then change and go execution in step 18, if not, then execution in step 12;
Step 12: judge whether dim light sense cigarette A/D currency is less than or equal to 90, if, then change and go execution in step 18, if not, then execution in step 13;
Step 13: whether the difference of judging forward scattering sense cigarette A/D currency and forward scattering sense cigarette A/D initial value is more than or equal to 220, if then execution in step 18 is gone in commentaries on classics, if not, then execution in step 14;
Step 14: whether the difference of judging dim light sense cigarette A/D initial value and dim light sense cigarette A/D currency is more than or equal to 56, if then execution in step 18 is gone in commentaries on classics, if not, then execution in step 15;
Step 15: whether the difference of judging forward scattering sense cigarette A/D currency and forward scattering sense cigarette A/D initial value is more than or equal to 112, and whether the difference of dim light sense cigarette A/D initial value and dim light sense cigarette A/D currency is more than or equal to 24; If, then change and go execution in step 18, if not, then execution in step 16;
Detector operation principle of the present invention is as follows:
Dim light and forward scattering are recovered and are provided with 2 infraluminescence pipe B, C in the box-like spot-type photoelectric smoke detector, and infraluminescence pipe B, C have constituted dim light formula and two kinds of smoke detection light paths of forward direction astigmatism formula with 1 infrared receiving tube A respectively.2 infraluminescence pipe B, C are luminous by single-chip microcomputer timesharing control, and infrared receiving tube A receives the infrared light strength signal synchronously.Forward scattering light sensation cigarette principle of work is: when in the detector during non smoke, infrared receiving tube A only can receive the radiative faint light intensity of infraluminescence pipe C; When smog enters detector, because light runs into smoke particle generation forward scattering effect, the light intensity that infrared receiving tube A is received increases, enter the smoke particle many more (smoke density is big more) in the detector, the light intensity that infrared receiving tube A receives is then big more, reach the purpose of fire smoke detection after light/electrical signal conversion, forward direction astigmatism formula sense smoking set has the bigger sensitive characteristic of white smoke response of pair particle diameter.Dim light sense cigarette principle of work is: when in the detector during non smoke, the light that is sent by infraluminescence pipe B is not blocked shines infrared receiving tube A, when smog enters detector, because smog blocks effect to light, the light intensity that shines infrared receiving tube A is weakened, enter the smoke particle many more (smoke density is big more) in the detector, the then light intensity received of infrared receiving tube A decay more, thereby reach the purpose of fire smoke detection, dim light formula sense smoking set has pair sensitive characteristic of black smog response.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1. wide spectrum sense cigarette:
Detector of the present invention has good balanced sensitive response performance to the smoke particle of different colours, different-grain diameter, particularly the material normal temperature black smog that produces that glows had sensitiveer detection feature, in engineering is used, can effectively improve the early fire detection alert capability, thoroughly do away with fire generation black smoke place and the dangerous situation of warning occurs failing to report or incuring loss through delay.
2. low rate of false alarm:
Detector of the present invention has constituted forward scattering light and two kinds of smoke detection light paths of dim light by 2 infraluminescence pipes and 1 infrared receiving tube, and by a large amount of experiments grasped typical smoke particle and non-smoke particle in this detector to the scattering properties of infrared light with quantize rule, take the algorithm process technology effectively to screen smog, water vapour, oil smoke and dust etc., thereby greatly reduce the rate of false alarm that detector is subjected to such environmental effects.
3. good cost performance:
Owing to taked following measure, made detector cost of the present invention a little less than present homemade single forward scattering or back scattering formula spot-type photoelectric smoke detector.(1) labyrinth of detector of the present invention lid and labyrinth base employing conductivity are 10
8The conduction ABS raw material casting of S/cm forms, and has essential shielding electromagnetic wave and antistatic effect, can save traditional copper or stainless steel shielding cover; (2) adopt electronics to compile (address) sign indicating number and the programmable bus communication technology, saved 8 toggle switchs and private communication chip; (3) detection circuit of the present invention is compared with the photoelectric smoke detection circuit of common single sensing mode only increases by 1 infraluminescence pipe.
4. flexible with system compatible:
Detector of the present invention adopts the mode of software programming can support any bus communication protocol, by programming, need not to change detector hardware circuit and structure can with the fire alarm control unit wide area compatibility of any producer.
Detector of the present invention combines the many sensings of automatic fire detection-alarm, many criteria intelligent algorithm process technology, it has good balanced sensitive response performance to particle diameter less black smog and the bigger light smog of particle diameter in itself, particularly the fire initial stage material normal temperature black smog that produces that glows there is sensitiveer detection feature, be a kind of novel photoelectric smoke fire detector, reducing wrong report with wide spectrum smoke detection performance, stop to fail to report fire, aspects such as raising fire early detection warning performance are better than tradition (single forward direction astigmatism formula, the back to astigmatic formula or dim light formula) spot-type photoelectric smoke detector.
Detector general technical level of the present invention and combination property have reached the earlier 2000s international most advanced level, the selling price higher (more than 50 dollars) of external like product, and detector of the present invention is with low cost, only in 30 yuans.The development and application of detector of the present invention for China complicated building place provides fire detecting and alarm new technology, the new product be badly in need of, to reducing the loss of fire, is safeguarded people's lives and properties and economic construction will be played significant role.Its operation and apply and not only can satisfy the new demand of China to security against fire, also alternative imported product for country saves a large amount of foreign exchanges, will produce the significant social economic benefit.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of detector of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic block circuit diagram of the control circuit of detector of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the circuit theory diagrams of emission control circuit in the control circuit of detector of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the circuit theory diagrams of photosignal change-over circuit in the control circuit of detector of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is that signal amplifies and the circuit theory diagrams of filtering circuit in the control circuit of detector of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the circuit theory diagrams of telecommunication circuit in the control circuit of detector of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the program flow diagram of the detection method of detector of the present invention;
Among Fig. 1,1-infrared receiving tube, 2-labyrinth lid, the center in 3-sense cigarette labyrinth, 4-sense cigarette labyrinth, the 5-first infraluminescence pipe, 6-labyrinth base, the 7-second infraluminescence pipe.
Embodiment:
As shown in Figure 1, box-like spot-type photoelectric smoke detector is recovered in a kind of dim light and forward scattering, comprise the sense cigarette labyrinth 4 that combines by labyrinth lid 2 and labyrinth base 6, be provided with the first infraluminescence pipe 5, the second infraluminescence pipe 7 and infrared receiving tube 1 in 4 inside, described sense cigarette labyrinth; The center 3 in described second infraluminescence pipe 7 and sense cigarette labyrinth, the angle ∠ COA between the infrared receiving tube 1 are 132 °, the center 3 in described first infraluminescence pipe 5 and sense cigarette labyrinth, the angle ∠ BOA between the infrared receiving tube 1 are 180 °, and the described first infraluminescence pipe 5, the second infraluminescence pipe 7 are connected with control circuit respectively with infrared receiving tube 1.
It is 10 that described labyrinth lid 2 and labyrinth base 6 adopt conductivity
8The conduction ABS raw material casting of S/cm forms, and has essential shielding electromagnetic wave and antistatic effect, can save traditional copper or stainless steel shielding cover.Described sense cigarette labyrinth 4 can prevent effectively that interference sources such as external environment light and insect from entering in the detector of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 2, described control circuit comprises signal processing circuit, telecommunication circuit, emission control circuit, photosignal change-over circuit, signal amplification and filtering circuit, fire alarm control unit and power circuit, signal processing circuit is connected with fire alarm control unit by telecommunication circuit, signal processing circuit is connected with emission control circuit, the output terminal of photosignal change-over circuit amplifies with signal and the input end of filtering circuit is connected, and signal amplifies and the output terminal of filtering circuit is connected with signal processing circuit; Power circuit amplifies with telecommunication circuit, emission control circuit, photosignal change-over circuit, signal processing circuit and signal respectively and filtering circuit is connected.
As shown in Figure 3, described emission control circuit comprises the first infraluminescence pipe A, the second infraluminescence pipe B, the 22 resistance R the 22, the 24 resistance R 24, the positive pole of the first infraluminescence pipe A and the second infraluminescence pipe B is connected with the positive pole of power supply respectively, the negative pole of the second infraluminescence pipe B is connected with the collector of the 4th triode T4 through the 22 resistance R 22, the emitter of the 4th triode T4 is connected with ground, and the base stage of the 4th triode T4 is connected with the control port RC4 of single-chip microcomputer U1 through the 23 resistance R 23; The negative pole of the first infraluminescence pipe A is connected with the collector of the 5th triode T5 through the 24 resistance R 24, and the emitter of the 5th triode T5 is connected with ground, and the base stage of the 5th triode T5 is connected with the control port RC3 of single-chip microcomputer U1 through the 8th resistance R 8.In emission control circuit, control the luminous intensity of infraluminescence pipe A, B respectively by current-limiting resistance R24, R22, by the output terminal RC3 of single-chip microcomputer U1, the luminance of RC4 timesharing control infraluminescence pipe A, B, the pulsed illumination mode is modulated to 100 μ S/S, that is: luminous 100 microseconds of per second, thus can guarantee that the infraluminescence plumber does the life-span up to more than 100 years.
As shown in Figure 4, described photosignal change-over circuit comprises infrared receiving tube C, the 9th resistance R 9, the tenth resistance R 10, the 6th capacitor C 6 and the 7th capacitor C 7, and the positive pole of power supply is connected with the negative pole of infrared receiving tube C, the negative pole of the 7th capacitor C 7 respectively through the 9th resistance R 9; The positive pole of infrared receiving tube C is connected with ground through the tenth resistance R 10, and the positive pole of the 7th capacitor C 7 is connected with ground, is parallel with the 6th capacitor C 6 at the two ends of the tenth resistance R 10, and the positive pole of infrared receiving tube C amplifies with signal and the input end SI of filtering circuit is connected.The photosignal change-over circuit can be converted to the infrared light strength signal that receives voltage output signal SI, single-chip microcomputer U1 takes the timesharing light emitting control to infraluminescence pipe A, B, and synchronous acquisition SI amplifying signal ADI, thereby forward scattering sense smoke signal and back scattering sense smoke signal are made a distinction, and C7 and C6 play voltage stabilizing and filter action.
As shown in Figure 5, described signal amplifies and filtering circuit comprises first order amplifier F1, second level amplifier F2, the positive input one tunnel of second level amplifier F2 is connected through the output terminal of the 5th capacitor C 5 with first order amplifier F1, another Lu Jingdi 13 resistance R 13 are connected with ground, the positive input of first order amplifier F1 is the input end SI of signal amplification and filtering circuit, the reverse input end of first order amplifier F1 is connected with ground through the 11 resistance R 11, is parallel with the 12 resistance R 12 and the 12 capacitor C 12 between the reverse input end of first order amplifier F1 and output terminal; The output terminal of second level amplifier F2 is connected with the input end ADI of single-chip microcomputer U1; The reverse input end of second level amplifier F2 is connected with ground through the 14 resistance R 14, is parallel with the 15 resistance R 15 and the 13 capacitor C 13 between the reverse input end of second level amplifier F2 and output terminal.The ADI voltage signal of the output signal SI of photosignal change-over circuit after two-stage is amplified received by the input end RA0 of single-chip microcomputer U1, single-chip microcomputer U1 includes 8 scale-of-two A/D converters, can be that resolution is 0～255 digital signal with ADI voltage signal linear transformation, first order enlargement factor is by the ratio decision of R12/R11, C5 and R13 can filter out the background DC voltage composition in the first order amplifying signal, allow by the smoke detection pulse signal; Filtered first order amplifying signal carries out the second level again and amplifies, and second level enlargement factor is by the ratio decision of R15/R14, and the ADI voltage signal that makes output is 0.30V～4.70V, and C12, C13 work to suppress SI glitch signal.
As shown in Figure 6, described telecommunication circuit comprises the communications reception circuit and the answer circuit of communicating by letter, described communications reception circuit comprises the 18 resistance R the 18, the 19 resistance R the 19, the 20 resistance R the 20, the 21 resistance R 21, the 3rd capacitor C 3, the 4th capacitor C 4 and the 3rd triode T3, the positive pole of power supply is connected with the collector of the 3rd triode T3 through the 21 resistance R 21, and the emitter of the 3rd triode T3 is connected with ground; The collector of the 3rd triode T3 is connected with the input/output end port RC0 of single-chip microcomputer U1, between the base stage of the positive pole of power supply and the 3rd triode T3, be connected with the 20 resistance R 20, between the collector of the 3rd triode T3 and emitter, be connected with the 4th capacitor C 4, between the base stage of the 3rd triode T3 and emitter, be connected with the 19 resistance R 19; The base stage of the 3rd triode T3 is connected with antenna L+ through the 18 resistance R 18, the 3rd capacitor C 3 successively; Described communication is answered circuit and is comprised the 16 resistance R 16, the second triode T2 and the 17 resistance R 17, the base stage of the second triode T2 is connected with the input/output end port RC5 of single-chip microcomputer U1 through the 16 resistance R 16, the emitter of the second triode T2 is connected with ground, and the collector of the second triode T2 is connected with antenna L+ through the 17 resistance R 17.Described communications reception circuit can be with host computer, the carrier communication signal of forming by high level 24V and low level 16V that comes as bus transfer such as fire alarm control units, the corresponding signal that is converted to high level 5V and low level 0V, and receive and decoding by the input end RC0 of single-chip microcomputer U1; Single-chip microcomputer U1 is according to the communications command of host computer, answer circuit by communication again and answer status informations such as the current fire alarm of detector, fault, normal monitoring to host computer, also can be according to information such as the sense cigarette analog quantity of the command transfer detector of host computer, type codes, setting address codes.
Described signal processing circuit is made up of single-chip microcomputer and peripheral circuit thereof.Described single-chip microcomputer mainly comprises 10 scale-of-two A/D converters, timer, counter, 12 I/O pin, random memory ram, read/writable nonvolatile memory EEPROM, memory under program EPROM etc. that possess independent, direction control.10 scale-of-two A/D converters can be 0～1023 digital signal with 0.00V～4.70V voltage signal linear transformation of ADI, and 10 high resolution A/D converters are surveyed many criterions algorithm process technology for the slight change of identification smokescope with the exploitation smoke provides hardware supported.
To infrared light forward scattering and dim light characteristic and quantize the experimental study of rule, show: light scattering characteristic has stronger forward scattering effect for particle diameter bigger white or grey smog based on typical smoke particle and non-smoke particle.As shown in Figure 1, forward-scattering angle ∠ COA be 123 °～139 ° higher to the bigger light smog response sensitivity of particle diameter, wherein ∠ COA gets 132 ± 3 ° for best; So detector of the present invention is set at 132 ° with forward-scattering angle ∠ COA.And the dim light characteristic is to be stronger optical attenuation effect for the less black smog of particle diameter, and big more and light-emitting area of luminotron and receiving tube spacing and sensitive surface Aligning degree are good more, and then the response sensitivity to smog is high more; So, the dim light structural design of detector of the present invention is: divide the upper left corner and the lower right corner that is located at sense cigarette labyrinth with the first infraluminescence pipe B and infrared receiving tube A, and with the base structural member the first infraluminescence pipe B and infrared receiving tube A are fixed on the diagonal angle straight line, promptly ∠ BOA is set at 180 °.
Detector of the present invention has passed through programming development electronic code technology, the programmable bus communication technology and algorithm process technology make detector of the present invention realize functions such as intelligent decision fire, real-time information transmission with good cost performance, compatibility and reliability.
The programmable bus communication technology: detector of the present invention is supported any bus communication protocol with the mode of software programming, changes the detector hardware circuit by programming, need not and just can work with the fire alarm control unit of any producer is compatible.The detector programmable bus communication technology of the present invention, solved in the past bus system detector can only with fixedly producer, the fixedly fire alarm control unit auxiliary work of brand, fixed communication agreement, and problem that can not the wide area compatibility.
The algorithm process technology: the algorithm process technology of detector of the present invention is based on typical smoke particle and non-smoke particle to infrared light forward scattering and dim light characteristic and quantize the experimental research achievements of rule, taked the fire determination methods of initial value compensation and forward scattering and the many sensings of dim light sense cigarette/many criterions, wherein fire smoke detection warning sensitivity satisfies the sensitive rank of stipulating among the standard GB 4715-2005, and non-fire hazard aerosol fog particles such as water vapour, oil smoke and dust are had stronger examination ability.
Bus system detector electronic code technology: one of 1～255 address code can be set to detector by manual operation Lineside encoding unit (for the electronic code isolated plant of the supporting exploitation of detector of the present invention), when the single-chip microcomputer in the detector is received the address setting order of Lineside encoding unit transmission, being about to this setting address code is kept among the single-chip microcomputer nonvolatile memory EEPROM, in detector and the fire alarm control unit networking operation, each detector receives in real time and compares by the address information of controller two bus transfer and with the setting address of this detector,, the address answers the current state information of this detector if judging unanimity, if the address is judged inconsistent then do not answered to controller.This electronic code bus communication technology can be save in the past bus system detector need be with the hardware spending of 8 toggle switchs.
As shown in Figure 7, the detection method of box-like spot-type photoelectric smoke detector is recovered in described dim light and forward scattering, comprises the steps:
Step 1: carry out initialization;
Step 2: whether 1 second time of judgement time-delay has arrived, if then execution in step three, if not, then returns execution in step two;
Step 3: make the second infraluminescence pipe C light 100 μ S, and the forward scattering sense cigarette currency Qn that samples simultaneously;
Step 4: 300 μ S delay time;
Step 5: make the first infraluminescence pipe B light 100 μ S, and the dim light sense cigarette currency Jn that samples simultaneously;
Step 6: judge whether 4 hours initial value compensation time arrived at interval,, if not, then change and go execution in step 11 if then execution in step seven;
Step 7: whether the absolute value of judging the difference of forward scattering sense cigarette A/D currency and forward scattering sense cigarette A/D initial value is less than or equal to forward scattering sense cigarette initial value compensation judgment value, if then execution in step eight, if not, then changes and goes execution in step nine;
Step 8: with forward scattering sense cigarette A/D currency assignment to forward scattering sense cigarette A/D initial value;
Step 9: whether the absolute value of judging the difference of dim light sense cigarette A/D currency and dim light sense cigarette A/D initial value is less than or equal to dim light sense cigarette initial value compensation judgment value, if then execution in step ten, if not, then changes and goes execution in step 11;
Step 10: with dim light sense cigarette A/D currency assignment to dim light sense cigarette A/D initial value;
Step 11: whether judge forward scattering sense cigarette A/D currency more than or equal to 824, if, then change and go execution in step 18, if not, then execution in step 12;
Step 12: judge whether dim light sense cigarette A/D currency is less than or equal to 90, if, then change and go execution in step 18, if not, then execution in step 13;
Step 13: whether the difference of judging forward scattering sense cigarette A/D currency and forward scattering sense cigarette A/D initial value is more than or equal to 220, if then execution in step 18 is gone in commentaries on classics, if not, then execution in step 14;
Step 14: whether the difference of judging dim light sense cigarette A/D initial value and dim light sense cigarette A/D currency is more than or equal to 56, if then execution in step 18 is gone in commentaries on classics, if not, then execution in step 15;
Step 15: whether the difference of judging forward scattering sense cigarette A/D currency and forward scattering sense cigarette A/D initial value is more than or equal to 112, and whether the difference of dim light sense cigarette A/D initial value and dim light sense cigarette A/D currency is more than or equal to 24; If, then change and go execution in step 18, if not, then execution in step 16;
After detector of the present invention powered on, single-chip microcomputer carried out initialization earlier; Then, single-chip microcomputer is taked 100 μ S/S (luminous 100 microseconds of per second) timesharing light emitting control to 2 infraluminescence pipe B, C, and synchronous acquisition forward scattering sense cigarette A/D currency Qn and dim light sense cigarette A/D currency Jn.The every interval of single-chip microcomputer 4 hours is carried out following backoff algorithm to forward scattering sense cigarette A/D initial value and dim light sense cigarette A/D initial value and is handled:
If forward scattering sense cigarette value | Qn-Qo|≤Qr, then Qn → Qo;
If forward scattering sense cigarette value | Qn-Qo|＞Qr, then Qo remains unchanged;
Wherein, Qn: forward scattering sense cigarette A/D currency; Qo: forward scattering sense cigarette A/D initial value; Qr: forward scattering sense cigarette initial value compensation judgment value;
If dim light sense cigarette value | Jn-Jo|≤Jr, then Jn → Jo;
If dim light sense cigarette value | Jn-Jo|＞Jr, then Jo remains unchanged;
Wherein, Jn: dim light sense cigarette A/D currency; Jo: dim light sense cigarette A/D initial value; Jr: dim light sense cigarette initial value compensation judgment value.
The forward scattering sense cigarette that detector of the present invention adopts and the fire determination methods of the many sensings of dim light sense cigarette/many criterions:
1, as if Qn 〉=824, then anticipation has fire alarm;
2, as if Jn≤90, then anticipation has fire alarm;
3, if (Qn-Qo) 〉=220, then anticipation has fire alarm;
4, if (Jo-Jn) 〉=56, then anticipation has fire alarm;
5, if (Qn-Qo) 〉=112 and (Jo-Jn) 〉=24, then anticipation has fire alarm;
6, if (Qn-Qo) 〉=60 and (Jo-Jn) 〉=35, then anticipation has fire alarm;
7, meet one of above-mentioned 1～6 condition, and continuous coincidence counting 〉=6, then be defined as fire alarm;
If above-mentioned 1～6 condition none meet or continuously coincidence counting then put the normal monitoring state less than 6 times; If above-mentioned 1～6 condition one at least meets, and coincidence counting accumulated value K reaches more than 6 times continuously, then puts the fire alarm state, and keeps this state until resetting.
Detector of the present invention can reach following important technological parameters and performance index:
1, detector of the present invention can be worked with two bus system fire alarm control units of any manufacturer production are compatible;
2, detector work standby current of the present invention:
1) bus-powered is DC24V, and detector internal circuit operating voltage is DC5V, and the detector standby current is less than 1.10mA;
2) bus-powered is DC24V, and detector internal circuit operating voltage is DC3V, and the detector standby current is less than 0.45mA;
3, explorer response threshold value (standard fume box test): M=0.35～0.40db/m;
4, detection response sensitivity (4 detectors being carried out the alarm response threshold value of burning test according to four kinds of code test fire of standard GB 4715-2005 regulation):
1) SH1-thermal decomposition of wood smoldering fire (white smoke): M=0.55～1.38db/m, Y=0.22～0.75;
2) SH2-cotton cord smoldering fire (grey smog): M=0.86～1.59db/m, Y=1.35～2.80;
3) SH1-polyurethane plastics fire (black smog): M=0.32～0.55db/m, Y=0.72～1.53;
4) SH1-normal heptane fire (black smog): M=0.45～0.62db/m, Y=2.10～2.85;
5, detector of the present invention has stronger examination ability again to non-fire hazard aerosol fog particles such as water vapour, oil smoke and dusts, and rate of false alarm reduces more than 3/4ths, reduces more than 2/4ths than single back scattering photoelectric smoke detector than single forward scattering photoelectric smoke detector.
Claims (10)
1. box-like spot-type photoelectric smoke detector is recovered in dim light and forward scattering, comprise the sense cigarette labyrinth that combines by labyrinth lid and labyrinth base, it is characterized in that being provided with the first infraluminescence pipe, second infraluminescence pipe and the infrared receiving tube in inside, described sense cigarette labyrinth; Center, the angle ∠ COA between the infrared receiving tube in described second infraluminescence pipe and sense cigarette labyrinth are 123 °～139 °, the center in described first infraluminescence pipe and sense cigarette labyrinth, the angle ∠ BOA between the infrared receiving tube are 180 °, and the described first infraluminescence pipe, the second infraluminescence pipe are connected with control circuit respectively with infrared receiving tube.
2. box-like spot-type photoelectric smoke detector is recovered in a kind of dim light according to claim 1 and forward scattering, it is characterized in that center, the angle ∠ COA between the infrared receiving tube in described second infraluminescence pipe and sense cigarette labyrinth is 129 °～135 °.
3. box-like spot-type photoelectric smoke detector is recovered in a kind of dim light according to claim 2 and forward scattering, it is characterized in that the center in described second infraluminescence pipe and sense cigarette labyrinth, the angle ∠ COA between the infrared receiving tube are 132 °.
4. box-like spot-type photoelectric smoke detector is recovered in a kind of dim light according to claim 1 and forward scattering, it is characterized in that it is 10 that described labyrinth lid and labyrinth base adopt conductivity
8The conduction ABS raw material casting of S/cm forms.
5. box-like spot-type photoelectric smoke detector is recovered in a kind of dim light according to claim 1 and forward scattering, it is characterized in that described control circuit comprises signal processing circuit, telecommunication circuit, emission control circuit, the photosignal change-over circuit, signal amplifies and filtering circuit, fire alarm control unit and power circuit, signal processing circuit is connected with fire alarm control unit by telecommunication circuit, signal processing circuit is connected with emission control circuit, the output terminal of photosignal change-over circuit amplifies with signal and the input end of filtering circuit is connected, and signal amplifies and the output terminal of filtering circuit is connected with signal processing circuit; Power circuit amplifies with telecommunication circuit, emission control circuit, photosignal change-over circuit, signal processing circuit and signal respectively and filtering circuit is connected.
6. box-like spot-type photoelectric smoke detector is recovered in a kind of dim light according to claim 5 and forward scattering, it is characterized in that described emission control circuit comprises the first infraluminescence pipe, the second infraluminescence pipe, the 22 resistance, the 24 resistance, the positive pole of the first infraluminescence pipe and the second infraluminescence pipe is connected with the positive pole of power supply respectively, the negative pole of the second infraluminescence pipe is connected through the collector of the 22 resistance with the 4th triode, the emitter of the 4th triode is connected with ground, and the base stage of the 4th triode is connected with the control port of single-chip microcomputer through the 23 resistance; The negative pole of the first infraluminescence pipe is connected through the collector of the 24 resistance with the 5th triode, and the emitter of the 5th triode is connected with ground, and the base stage of the 5th triode is connected with the control port of single-chip microcomputer through the 8th resistance.
7. box-like spot-type photoelectric smoke detector is recovered in a kind of dim light according to claim 5 and forward scattering, it is characterized in that described photosignal change-over circuit comprises infrared receiving tube, the 9th resistance, the tenth resistance, the 6th electric capacity and the 7th electric capacity, the positive pole of power supply is connected with the negative pole of infrared receiving tube, the negative pole of the 7th electric capacity respectively through the 9th resistance; The positive pole of infrared receiving tube is connected with ground through the tenth resistance, and the positive pole of the 7th electric capacity is connected with ground, is parallel with the 6th electric capacity at the two ends of the tenth resistance, and the positive pole of infrared receiving tube amplifies with signal and the input end of filtering circuit is connected.
8. box-like spot-type photoelectric smoke detector is recovered in a kind of dim light according to claim 5 and forward scattering, it is characterized in that described signal amplifies and filtering circuit comprises first order amplifier, second level amplifier, the positive input one tunnel of second level amplifier is connected through the output terminal of the 5th electric capacity with first order amplifier, another Lu Jingdi 13 resistance are connected with ground, the positive input of first order amplifier is the input end of signal amplification and filtering circuit, the reverse input end of first order amplifier is connected with ground through the 11 resistance, is parallel with the 12 resistance and the 12 electric capacity between the reverse input end of first order amplifier and output terminal; The output terminal of second level amplifier is connected with the input end of single-chip microcomputer; The reverse input end of second level amplifier is connected with ground through the 14 resistance, is parallel with the 15 resistance and the 13 electric capacity between the reverse input end of second level amplifier and output terminal.
9. box-like spot-type photoelectric smoke detector is recovered in a kind of dim light according to claim 5 and forward scattering, it is characterized in that described telecommunication circuit comprises the communications reception circuit and the answer circuit of communicating by letter, described communications reception circuit comprises the 18 resistance, the 19 resistance, the 20 resistance, the 21 resistance, the 3rd electric capacity, the 4th electric capacity and the 3rd triode, the positive pole of power supply is connected through the collector of the 21 resistance with the 3rd triode, and the emitter of the 3rd triode is connected with ground; The collector of the 3rd triode is connected with the input/output end port of single-chip microcomputer, between the base stage of the positive pole of power supply and the 3rd triode, be connected with the 20 resistance, between the collector of the 3rd triode and emitter, be connected with the 4th electric capacity, between the base stage of the 3rd triode and emitter, be connected with the 19 resistance; The base stage of the 3rd triode is connected with antenna through the 18 resistance, the 3rd electric capacity successively; Described communication is answered circuit and is comprised the 16 resistance, second triode and the 17 resistance, the base stage of second triode is connected with the input/output end port of single-chip microcomputer through the 16 resistance, the emitter of second triode is connected with ground, and the collector of second triode is connected with antenna through the 17 resistance.
10. the detection method of box-like spot-type photoelectric smoke detector is recovered in described dim light of claim 1 and forward scattering, it is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
Step 1: carry out initialization;
Step 2: whether 1 second time of judgement time-delay has arrived, if then execution in step three, if not, then returns execution in step two;
Step 3: make the second infraluminescence pipe C light 100 μ S, and the forward scattering sense cigarette currency Qn that samples simultaneously;
Step 4: 300 μ S delay time;
Step 5: make the first infraluminescence pipe B light 100 μ S, and the dim light sense cigarette currency Jn that samples simultaneously;
Step 6: judge whether 4 hours initial value compensation time arrived at interval,, if not, then change and go execution in step 11 if then execution in step seven;
Step 7: whether the absolute value of judging the difference of forward scattering sense cigarette A/D currency and forward scattering sense cigarette A/D initial value is less than or equal to forward scattering sense cigarette initial value compensation judgment value, if then execution in step eight, if not, then changes and goes execution in step nine;
Step 8: with forward scattering sense cigarette A/D currency assignment to forward scattering sense cigarette A/D initial value;
Step 9: whether the absolute value of judging the difference of dim light sense cigarette A/D currency and dim light sense cigarette A/D initial value is less than or equal to dim light sense cigarette initial value compensation judgment value, if then execution in step ten, if not, then changes and goes execution in step 11;
Step 10: with dim light sense cigarette A/D currency assignment to dim light sense cigarette A/D initial value;
Step 11: whether judge forward scattering sense cigarette A/D currency more than or equal to 824, if, then change and go execution in step 18, if not, then execution in step 12;
Step 12: judge whether dim light sense cigarette A/D currency is less than or equal to 90, if, then change and go execution in step 18, if not, then execution in step 13;
Step 13: whether the difference of judging forward scattering sense cigarette A/D currency and forward scattering sense cigarette A/D initial value is more than or equal to 220, if then execution in step 18 is gone in commentaries on classics, if not, then execution in step 14;
Step 14: whether the difference of judging dim light sense cigarette A/D initial value and dim light sense cigarette A/D currency is more than or equal to 56, if then execution in step 18 is gone in commentaries on classics, if not, then execution in step 15;
Step 15: whether the difference of judging forward scattering sense cigarette A/D currency and forward scattering sense cigarette A/D initial value is more than or equal to 112, and whether the difference of dim light sense cigarette A/D initial value and dim light sense cigarette A/D currency is more than or equal to 24; If, then change and go execution in step 18, if not, then execution in step 16;
Step 10 six: whether the difference of judging forward scattering sense cigarette A/D currency and forward scattering sense cigarette A/D initial value is more than or equal to 60, and whether the difference of dim light sense cigarette A/D initial value and dim light sense cigarette A/D currency is more than or equal to 35; If, then change and go execution in step 18, if not, then execution in step 17;
Step 10 seven: make the counting zero clearing of continuous coincidence counting K, change and go execution in step 20;
Step 10 eight: whether judge continuous coincidence counting K=K+1 more than or equal to 6.,, if not, then change and go execution in step 20 if then execution in step 19;
Step 10 nine: put the fire alarm state, and change and go execution in step two;
Step 2 ten: put the normal monitoring state, and change and go execution in step two.
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| CN 201010172159 CN101859469A (en) | 2010-05-14 | 2010-05-14 | Obscuration-forward scatter composite spot-type photoelectric smoke fire detector and detection method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20101013 |