CN110930630A - Smoke alarm and method thereof - Google Patents
Smoke alarm and method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110930630A CN110930630A CN201911172139.3A CN201911172139A CN110930630A CN 110930630 A CN110930630 A CN 110930630A CN 201911172139 A CN201911172139 A CN 201911172139A CN 110930630 A CN110930630 A CN 110930630A
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- light
- emitting tube
- smoke
- photosensitive sensor
- alarm
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
- G08B17/103—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device
- G08B17/107—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device for detecting light-scattering due to smoke
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
- G08B17/103—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device
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- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
- Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of smoke alarms, in particular to a smoke alarm and a method thereof, wherein the smoke alarm comprises a maze; the photosensitive sensor and the first light-emitting tube are arranged in the labyrinth; light barriers for preventing the emitted light of the first light emitting tube from irradiating the light sensitive sensor are arranged on two sides of the light sensitive sensor and the first light emitting tube; a second light-emitting tube is also arranged in the labyrinth, and the emitted light of the second light-emitting tube passes through a light inlet formed by light barriers at two sides of the photosensitive sensor and is directly emitted to the photosensitive sensor; according to the photoelectric fire smoke alarm, another dimension of information besides the light scattering effect of the particles strongly related to smoke concentration and smoke type and the light shielding effect of the particles are introduced, so that the smoke identification effect is greatly improved, the alarm precision of the photoelectric fire smoke alarm can be effectively improved, and the missing alarm rate and the false alarm rate of the photoelectric fire smoke alarm are effectively reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of smoke alarms, in particular to a smoke alarm and a method thereof.
Background
While fire alarms are an important component of the fire protection sector, photoelectric fire smoke alarms are the main stream in the market. Photoelectric fire smoke alarms are designed based on the principle of scattering light by smoke particles. The photoelectric fire smoke alarm adopting the scattering principle still has the defects at present: the non-fire smoke particles also have scattering phenomena on light, so that the alarm gives false alarm; some fire smoke particles have unobvious scattering phenomenon to light, so that the alarm is not easy to trigger, and the fire smoke is not reported. Therefore, two core technical indexes of the photoelectric fire smoke alarm are whether the indexes of false alarm rate and missed alarm rate are excellent or not.
The structure of a conventional photoelectric fire smoke alarm mainly comprises: the light-sensitive sensor (1), the light barrier (2), its function is to shelter from the light that the luminotron emits not to strike the light-sensitive sensor; a labyrinth (3) which is used for allowing smoke to enter and preventing external light from entering the internal photoelectric sensing device; and a first luminous tube (4) (shown in figure 2).
When no smoke exists in the labyrinth, external light is shielded by the labyrinth (3), light emitted by a first light emitting tube (4) in the labyrinth is shielded by the light barrier (2), and the light intensity sensed by the photosensitive sensor is very weak; when smoke exists in the labyrinth, due to the scattering effect of smoke particles on light, part of light emitted by the light emitting tube is received by the photosensitive sensor, and the stronger the light intensity on the photosensitive sensor, the stronger the output signal. This light intensity is related to the concentration of smoke, to the characteristics of the smoke particles: 1) the smoke concentration is about high, and the output signal of the photosensitive sensor is about strong; 2) at the same concentration, the smoke type also greatly influences the strength of the output signal of the photosensitive sensor.
For example, black smoke has a strong absorption effect on light, and has a weak scattering effect on light; the black smoke is easy to miss report because of weak light intensity scattered on the photosensitive sensor. To effectively alarm for black smoke, the alarm signal threshold needs to be set low, but other non-fire smoke types are easily misinformed.
The water vapor has strong scattering effect. Therefore, the water vapor is easily misreported. If it is desired that the water vapor not be misinformed, the alarm signal threshold needs to be set high, but as such, other fire smoke types are easily missed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a smoke alarm and a method thereof, which utilize the principle that smoke particles have scattering and shielding effects on light, increase the identification of the shielding effect on the basis of a photoelectric fire smoke alarm, combine the scattering effect of the smoke particles on the light, more finely identify different smoke types, and effectively reduce the possibility of false alarm of non-fire smoke and false alarm of fire smoke.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a smoke alarm comprises
A maze;
the photosensitive sensor and the first light-emitting tube are arranged in the labyrinth;
the two sides of the photosensitive sensor and the first light-emitting tube are provided with light barriers for preventing the emitted light of the first light-emitting tube from irradiating the photosensitive sensor;
and a second light-emitting tube is also arranged in the labyrinth, and the emitted light of the second light-emitting tube passes through a light inlet formed by light barriers at two sides of the photosensitive sensor and is directly emitted to the photosensitive sensor.
Further, the labyrinth is annular.
Further, the light blocking plates on two sides of the photosensitive sensor are parallel to each other; the light barriers at two sides of the first luminous tube are also parallel to each other.
The invention further provides a smoke alarm method based on the smoke alarm, which comprises the following steps:
s1: the first light-emitting tube and the second light-emitting tube in the smoke alarm emit light alternately, and the photosensitive sensor receives light rays emitted by the first light-emitting tube and the second light-emitting tube alternately and converts light signals into electric signals to be output;
s2: and judging whether to alarm the smoke or not by combining the change of the output electric signals of the photosensitive sensor in the respective lighting periods of the first light-emitting tube and the second light-emitting tube.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, another dimension of information besides the light scattering effect of the particles strongly related to the smoke concentration and the smoke type is introduced, and the light shielding effect and the light scattering effect of the particles are combined, so that the smoke identification effect is greatly improved, the alarm precision of the photoelectric fire smoke alarm can be effectively improved, and the false alarm rate and the missing alarm rate of the photoelectric fire smoke alarm are effectively reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a smoke alarm in the prior art.
The reference numerals in the drawings denote: 1-a photosensitive sensor; 2-a light barrier; 3-maze; 4, a first light-emitting tube; 5-luminous tube two.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A smoke alarm of this embodiment, with reference to fig. 1: a smoke alarm comprises
A labyrinth 3 for allowing the smoke to enter and preventing external light from entering the internal photoelectric sensing device;
the photosensitive sensor 1 and the first light-emitting tube 4 are arranged in the labyrinth 3;
two sides of the photosensitive sensor 1 and the first light-emitting tube 4 are provided with light barriers 2 for preventing the emitted light of the first light-emitting tube 4 from irradiating the photosensitive sensor 1; wherein, the light inlet formed by the light barriers 2 at the two sides of the photosensitive sensor 1 is completely staggered with the light outlet formed by the light barriers 2 at the two sides of the first luminescent tube 4.
And a second light emitting tube 5 is further installed inside the labyrinth 3, and the emitted light of the second light emitting tube 5 passes through a light inlet formed by the light barriers 2 on two sides of the photosensitive sensor 1 and is directly emitted to the photosensitive sensor 1.
Further, the labyrinth 3 is annular.
Further, the light barriers 2 on two sides of the photosensitive sensor 1 are parallel to each other; the light barriers 2 on both sides of the first luminous tube 4 are also parallel to each other.
The invention further provides a smoke alarm method based on the smoke alarm, which comprises the following steps:
s1: a first light-emitting tube 4 and a second light-emitting tube 5 in the smoke alarm emit light alternately, and the photosensitive sensor 1 receives light rays emitted by the first light-emitting tube 4 and the second light-emitting tube 5 alternately and converts light signals into electric signals to be output;
s2: whether smoke alarm is carried out or not is judged by combining the change of the electric signals output by the photosensitive sensor 1 in the respective lighting periods of the first light-emitting tube 4 and the second light-emitting tube 5.
The working principle is as follows:
when there is no smoke in the maze: external light is shielded by the labyrinth 3, when a first light-emitting tube 4 in the labyrinth emits light, the emitted light is shielded by the light barrier 2, and the light intensity sensed by the photosensitive sensor is very weak; when the light emitting tube II 5 in the maze emits light, the light emitted by the light emitting tube II directly irradiates the photosensitive sensor, and the photosensitive sensor outputs a strong signal. When there is smoke in the maze: when the first light-emitting tube 4 emits light, due to the scattering effect of smoke particles on light, part of light emitted by the light-emitting tube is received by the photosensitive sensor, and an output signal on the photosensitive sensor is related to smoke concentration and smoke type; when the light emitting tube II 5 in the maze emits light, the light emitted to the photosensitive sensor is shielded by smoke particles, the signal of the light is weaker than that of the light emitted when no smoke exists in the maze, and the weakened amplitude and the concentration and the type of the smoke are luminous.
Taking black smoke as an example:
when the first light-emitting tube 4 emits light, the output signal of the photosensitive sensor is weakly enhanced due to poor black smoke scattering effect; when the second light-emitting tube 5 emits light, the output signal of the photosensitive sensor is obviously weakened due to the strong shielding effect of black smoke;
the output signal of the photosensitive sensor 1 is weakly enhanced in the light emitting period of the light emitting tube I4, and when the output signal of the photosensitive sensor 1 is obviously weakened in the light emitting period of the light emitting tube II 5, the smoke alarm can give an early warning.
Taking water vapor as an example:
when the first light-emitting tube 4 emits light, the output signal of the photosensitive sensor 1 is obviously enhanced due to the strong water vapor scattering effect; when the second light-emitting tube 5 emits light, the output signal of the photosensitive sensor is weakened weakly due to the weak shielding effect of water vapor;
the output signal of the photosensitive sensor 1 is obviously enhanced in the light emitting period of the light emitting tube I4, and when the output signal of the photosensitive sensor 1 is weak and weakened in the light emitting period of the light emitting tube II 5, the smoke alarm does not give an early warning.
Take ordinary non-black smoke as an example;
1) the smoke concentration of common non-black smoke is lower
When the first light-emitting tube 4 emits light, the output signal of the photosensitive sensor is weakly enhanced due to the weak scattering effect of low-concentration smoke; when the second light-emitting tube 5 emits light, the output signal of the photosensitive sensor is weakened weakly due to the weak shielding effect of low-concentration smoke;
the output signal of the photosensitive sensor 1 is weakly enhanced in the light emitting period of the light emitting tube I4, and when the output signal of the photosensitive sensor 1 is weakly weakened in the light emitting period of the light emitting tube II 5, the smoke alarm can give an early warning.
2) The smoke concentration of common non-black smoke is higher
When the first light-emitting tube 4 emits light, the scattering effect of high-concentration smoke is weak, so that the output signal of the photosensitive sensor is obviously enhanced; when the second light-emitting tube 5 emits light, the output signal of the photosensitive sensor is obviously weakened due to the weak shielding effect of high-concentration smoke;
the output signal of the photosensitive sensor 1 is obviously enhanced in the light emitting period of the first light emitting tube 4, and when the output signal of the photosensitive sensor 1 is obviously weakened in the light emitting period of the second light emitting tube 5, the smoke alarm can give an early warning.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A smoke alarm comprises
A labyrinth (3);
the photosensitive sensor (1) and the first light-emitting tube (4) are arranged in the labyrinth (3);
both sides of the photosensitive sensor (1) and the first light-emitting tube (4) are provided with light barriers (2) for preventing the emitted light of the first light-emitting tube (4) from irradiating the photosensitive sensor (1);
the method is characterized in that:
and a second light emitting tube (5) is further installed inside the labyrinth (3), and emitted light of the second light emitting tube (5) passes through a light inlet formed by the light barriers (2) on two sides of the photosensitive sensor (1) and is directly emitted to the photosensitive sensor (1).
2. A smoke alarm according to claim 1, characterised in that the labyrinth (3) is annular.
3. A smoke alarm according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the light barriers (2) on both sides of the light-sensitive sensor (1) are parallel to each other; and the light barriers (2) on the two sides of the first luminous tube (4) are also parallel to each other.
4. A smoke alarm method based on the smoke alarm of claim 3, comprising the steps of:
s1: a first light-emitting tube (4) and a second light-emitting tube (5) in the smoke alarm emit light alternately, and the photosensitive sensor (1) receives light rays emitted by the first light-emitting tube (4) and the second light-emitting tube (5) alternately and converts light signals into electric signals to be output;
s2: and whether the smoke alarm is carried out is judged by combining the change of the electric signals output by the photosensitive sensor (1) in the respective light-emitting periods of the light-emitting tube I (4) and the light-emitting tube II (5).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911172139.3A CN110930630A (en) | 2019-11-26 | 2019-11-26 | Smoke alarm and method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911172139.3A CN110930630A (en) | 2019-11-26 | 2019-11-26 | Smoke alarm and method thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110930630A true CN110930630A (en) | 2020-03-27 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911172139.3A Pending CN110930630A (en) | 2019-11-26 | 2019-11-26 | Smoke alarm and method thereof |
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| CN (1) | CN110930630A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112439276A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-03-05 | 王建 | Smoke inductor is used to workshop safety |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5008559A (en) * | 1988-09-17 | 1991-04-16 | Hartwig Beyersdorf | Method for operating an optical smoke detector and optical smoke detector for the method |
| GB2273769B (en) * | 1992-12-15 | 1996-08-28 | Stephen Henry Ellwood | Proportional light scattering sensor |
| GB2314618A (en) * | 1996-06-26 | 1998-01-07 | David Appleby | Smoke detector using light scatter and extinction |
| EP1062647B1 (en) * | 1998-03-07 | 2002-08-21 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fire alarm box |
| GB2397122B (en) * | 2003-01-03 | 2006-02-08 | David Appleby | Fire detector with low false alarm rate |
| CN201274081Y (en) * | 2008-09-25 | 2009-07-15 | 王荣庆 | Cartridge type smoke alarm |
| CN101859469A (en) * | 2010-05-14 | 2010-10-13 | 公安部沈阳消防研究所 | Obscuration-forward scatter composite spot-type photoelectric smoke fire detector and detection method thereof |
| JP5075671B2 (en) * | 2008-02-25 | 2012-11-21 | パナソニック株式会社 | Smoke detector |
| CN211149621U (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-07-31 | 福建好神奇电子科技有限公司 | Smoke alarm |
-
2019
- 2019-11-26 CN CN201911172139.3A patent/CN110930630A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5008559A (en) * | 1988-09-17 | 1991-04-16 | Hartwig Beyersdorf | Method for operating an optical smoke detector and optical smoke detector for the method |
| GB2273769B (en) * | 1992-12-15 | 1996-08-28 | Stephen Henry Ellwood | Proportional light scattering sensor |
| GB2314618A (en) * | 1996-06-26 | 1998-01-07 | David Appleby | Smoke detector using light scatter and extinction |
| EP1062647B1 (en) * | 1998-03-07 | 2002-08-21 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fire alarm box |
| GB2397122B (en) * | 2003-01-03 | 2006-02-08 | David Appleby | Fire detector with low false alarm rate |
| JP5075671B2 (en) * | 2008-02-25 | 2012-11-21 | パナソニック株式会社 | Smoke detector |
| CN201274081Y (en) * | 2008-09-25 | 2009-07-15 | 王荣庆 | Cartridge type smoke alarm |
| CN101859469A (en) * | 2010-05-14 | 2010-10-13 | 公安部沈阳消防研究所 | Obscuration-forward scatter composite spot-type photoelectric smoke fire detector and detection method thereof |
| CN211149621U (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-07-31 | 福建好神奇电子科技有限公司 | Smoke alarm |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112439276A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-03-05 | 王建 | Smoke inductor is used to workshop safety |
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Application publication date: 20200327 |
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