AT391670B - COLLECTING AND SORTING DEVICE FOR HOUSEHOLD WASTE - Google Patents

Description

No. 391 670

The invention relates to a collection and sorting device for household waste, which can be accommodated in an existing kitchen furniture provided with a door, preferably below a sink, and in which the household waste accumulating can be divided into at least four fractions.

At present, around 1,700,0001 household waste is generated in Austria each year, and the trend is increasing, with the amount of waste material increasing - generally and with annual fluctuations.

The collection result for waste materials for the year 1988 is shown in Table I, which contains all waste materials that can be collected in a technically and economically sensible manner. There is also organic waste. Possible advances in plastic recycling can make a plastic collection economically viable in the future.

Table I collective result

Waste material group Collection quantity 1988 Paper 127.091 Glass 97.800 Textile 8.058 Metal 1.790 Other 4.218 Total: 238.957

The composition of household waste differs from household to household, as does the season, so Table II below (Univ. Doz. Dr. Vogel, Vienna Waste Collection) can only give average values.

Table Π

Composition of household waste

Weight percentages 27 23 11 6 8 8 2 15

Material group paper organ. Waste glass plastics metals textiles wood mineral. Waste

Volume percentages 40 12 5 19 10 8 2 4

Paper, organic waste, glass and metals make up around 70% of household waste. A comparison with the collection result in 1988 shows that the previous collection results could be increased by 100% (waste glass) to 300% (waste paper), much more with metals. The potential for additional waste to be collected can be estimated at 1 billion schillings a year, so this amount is still "thrown away" by households, although a separate collection for waste paper, waste glass and metals has been set up nationwide in Austria.

For the reasons mentioned, devices for collecting and separating waste of all kinds have become widely known, especially in recent years.

For example, DE-OS 35 10 472 shows a device for separating waste disposal which realizes the basic idea of carrying out the separation of the different waste as directly as possible at the point of accumulation, since the separation can be carried out inexpensively and completely when accumulating.

The device proposed by this document has the form of a mobile piece of furniture and is therefore unsuitable for households

From DE-PS 35 16 547 a waste collector is known, which can be installed in a kitchen furniture where it hangs in a support frame that can be pulled out of the furniture and control strips on the furniture or the support frame automatically lift the lid when the waste container is pulled out and two Release the waste containers arranged in a row. When installing this construction in a piece of kitchen furniture, the door must be swung open by at least 90 ° before each use of one of the two waste bins and then the -2-

No. 391 670

Support frame can be extended from the furniture.

It seems practical with this waste collector that the lid lifts automatically when the support frame is extended, but this construction tends to get caught in the rough kitchen operation. Furthermore, a kitchen furniture of a certain width is required by the pull-out device, e.g. B. a base cabinet, which is completely filled. This device is not suitable for existing kitchen furniture, especially the cupboard with the sink and thus with the siphon.

From DE-OS 37 20 817 a device is known in which two waste containers side by side in a cabinet, for. B. a kitchen device are provided which pivot forward when opening the cabinet door, the container lid automatically opens.

This device allows the garbage to be divided into two or three fractions, with a cuboid container being provided for each fraction, the largest dimension of which is the height.

Due to the pivoting and lid opening mechanism, this device is also prone to failure, complex to manufacture, assemble and adjust and also requires a lot of space.

From DE-AS 30 38 170 it is known to see a manure bucket protruding through a recess in the furniture floor under the sink of a kitchen piece of furniture in order to be able to increase the volume of the manure bucket. Waste sorting is not provided.

From DE-OS 36 30 336 it is known to provide a garbage can with a cross-shaped subdivision below a sink in a kitchen cabinet on an extendable plate, with garbage bags being provided in the low space in the area of the siphon, with which the individual compartments of the garbage can are lined can be.

With this device too, if it is installed in an existing element, the box door must be opened by more than 90 ° before the bin can be extended. In an embodiment shown in the drawing, a pseudo door is attached to the extendable plate and extends with the garbage can, making the garbage can difficult to remove from its place when it needs to be emptied.

Furthermore, with this device, only the full sack - which is difficult to transport - is either removed from the garbage can or the non-filled compartments must also be transported.

Furthermore, the cross-shaped subdivision of the garbage can creates compartments whose height is a multiple of their surface diagonal. This makes it impossible, for example, to empty a manure scoop into such tubular compartments without waste also getting into the neighboring compartments. However, this bin is also unsuitable for paper, since there is no possibility of adapting the individual compartments to the material to be collected.

From DE-OS 34 35 666 a garbage collection and sorting system in the form of a drawer box is known, in which either your own furniture is required or in which the correct drawer is still to be pulled out after opening the box door, with no additional possibility that adapt individual collection containers to the waste materials to be collected in them.

A drawer-shaped waste storage and separation vessel is also known from DE-OS 37 12 435. In this case, it is provided in this container to combine the drawers with two containers having only half the drawer surface but about 2 to 3 times the drawer height, in order to accommodate bulky or not garbage that is not well stored. Because of its size, this vessel is hardly suitable for practical use.

From DE-OS 35 42 252 a piece of furniture is known which contains a large number of drawers and inserts, the length of the chest of drawers being up to 1.20 m, the height in each case approximately 70 cm and the depth approximately 39 cm. Although this chest of drawers can be adapted to the different needs of individual households and can hold up to twelve types of garbage, it is hardly possible to accommodate such furniture in the kitchen, the traditional place for the dung bucket, and it is hardly possible when building a new kitchen sacrifice someone such a big place for a garbage collection system.

From DE-OS 35 02 467 a waste sorting box is known, in which a round or square waste container is divided into a star shape. With this container either half-full compartments have to be transported when one of the compartments is full or inevitably garbage bags have to be used, in addition the individual compartments are too high in comparison to their cross-sectional area to be usable in practice.

Finally, from EP-A-20 275 495 a waste collecting device for a built-in sink is known, in which a rotatable container is installed under the sink and is loaded with waste through a corresponding opening in the sink. The garbage container itself is round and rotated like a carousel, with the desired section coming under the opening. This device is extremely complex and unsuitable for retrofitting, since appropriate openings and projections would have to be made in the sink surface.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a waste collecting and separating device which, at the usual place of the dung bucket in a kitchen furniture, has space below the sink and takes into account the usual household-related waste-related practices.

According to the invention, it is proposed that in a device of the type defined in the introduction two superimposed, essentially cuboid containers are provided, the height of which is smaller than the diagonal of their base area, the lower container being open at its end face facing the furniture door.

No. 391 670 and the upper container is designed to be open at the top in the manner of a storage tray, and that furthermore two arranged next to one another, arranged above the upper container when the furniture door is closed, preferably each having a rectangular base area and detachable from the furniture door fortified, e.g. B. suspended, buckets are provided.

The measures according to the invention achieve a number of advantages: Thus, as tests have shown, it is possible to accommodate this device in a kitchen furniture under the sink, the space below the siphon of the sink also being at least from the lower container lying directly on the furniture floor can be used.

The lower container is preferably used for collecting bottles and / or cans, preferably a vertical separating plate inserted by the user at a location of his choice separating the two waste strings.

The upper container, which is easy to insert and remove due to its shell shape, is advantageously used to collect paper.

These two containers are in the kitchen furniture at the place otherwise occupied by the trash can.

In addition, there are two buckets attached to the door, one of which is intended for fruit and vegetable waste and other compostable materials, the other for unusable residual waste.This residual waste container is somewhat smaller than a manure bucket usually housed in the kitchen and clear separation of the garbage with the available volume of the residual waste container took longer than without sorting with the usual dung bucket. Fittingly, the diagonal of the filling opening of the residual waste container is longer than a normal household dustpan to enable easy emptying of such a scoop.

In a preferred variant it is provided that the upper container lying on the lower container or integrally formed therewith has a base area which at least slightly exceeds the A4 paper size, and that this paper collecting container preferably has projections or profiles on three edges of its upper side for an attachable lid, wherein a support bracket is provided on one of the narrow sides of this container.

This makes it possible to transport the paper collected in the household in the collection container to the waste paper collection point, which means that at least one refilling process is not necessary.

If the device is to be accommodated in a piece of furniture with a low-lying lower siphon end, the entire upper container is preferably provided transversely in front of the sink siphon, as a result of which a separation into four waste fractions is achieved even in this confined space.

The lower container intended for collecting glass or metal waste is preferably subdivided by a preferably adjustable dividing surface, approximately 12 cm high, and is preferably equipped with a foldable support bracket attached in the region of its front side.

This ensures on the one hand that the container can almost always be pushed under the lower end of the sink siphon and on the other hand it is still possible to accommodate large cans and even Guiken glasses in it. The handle makes handling the container easier.

In one embodiment of the invention, with a sufficiently high siphon, it is advantageously provided that the base area of the upper container is significantly larger than the A4 paper format, and that a preferably adjustable dividing wall dividing this container is provided

It is of course possible to arrange one or more small, preferably closable collecting containers for problematic substances, for example batteries, pharmaceuticals or the like, in addition to the collecting containers for compost and residual waste on the furniture door.

The invention makes it possible to collect four to five times the volume of waste instead of about 10 to 15 liters in total, as is the case with the usual waste bucket, without requiring additional storage space or cupboard space, the waste also being sorted. This result is all the more astonishing since the system according to the invention is cheap and simple compared to the proposals of the prior art.

The invention is explained in more detail with reference to the drawing: FIG. 1 shows a device according to the invention in a kitchen furniture below the sink, FIG. 2 shows a section along the line (Π-ΙΙ) of FIGS. 1, FIGS. 3, 4 and 6 containers according to the invention lying on the bottom of the piece of furniture, FIG. 5 a detail and FIG. 7 an experimental arrangement,

According to the invention, two containers (4), (5), approximately rectangular in shape, are provided one above the other in a kitchen furniture (1), below the sink (2) on the bottom of the furniture (1). Both containers have foldable handles (9) on their side facing the door (20) of the furniture. It is also possible to make the container in one piece and to provide only one handle.

The lower container (4) extends under the lower end (3) of the siphon of the sink (2) to the rear almost to the rear furniture wall. The container (4) is only open at the front and is used to hold glass and / or metal waste, such as bottles, mason jars, tins etc.

Variants of the lower container are shown in FIGS. 3, 4 and 6. A vertical partition (10) is preferably provided, which is attached by the user of the device at one point in the container (4) or (14) or (24), e.g. B. can be inserted, which is in line with his garbage.

5 shows a possible design of the walls of the lower container, which is easy to adjust -4-

No. 391 670 of the partition (10).

The upper container (5) is shown in Fig. 1 with a lower depth than the lower container, which makes it possible to arrange it before the lower end (3) of the siphon. The measurement of a large number of kitchen furniture has shown that in almost all kitchens, there is enough space in front of the lower end (3) of the siphon to accommodate a paper collecting container, in which the A4 format has space conveniently lying across. The upper container (5) or (25) shown in FIGS. 3 and 6 is provided for such a spatial situation. The container (5) is a lot wider than the A4 format in the longitudinal direction, which makes it possible to divide a collecting container (5a) by means of a preferably adjustable, vertical partition wall (5a) in which, for example, plastic waste or aluminum etc. is collected can be. For kitchen furniture that has only a very limited width, the container according to FIG. 6 is provided, which allows paper in A4 format to be accommodated transversely in the upper container (25), no further compartment possibility being provided in the upper container.

With a large number of kitchen furniture, the lower end (3) of the siphon is so high that it is possible to provide an upper container (15) which extends as far to the rear as the lower container (4). For example, two A4 formats can then be stored next to each other in the longitudinal direction, with space still possibly remaining for dividing a plastic collecting container. In this case too, a partition (10) is preferably provided, as shown in FIG. 5, in a removable manner.

Preferred heights for the two trays (4), (5) are in the range from 12 to 14 cm, since these heights enable large-volume cans or glass jars to be accommodated in the lower container with good use of the free height and, on the other hand, make it possible to adequately store them in the paper collecting container collect and store large amounts of paper. Even with a total height of around 25 to 28 cm, there is enough space below the sink (2) for the two shelves (4), (5) to hold containers (6), (8) on the furniture door in this free space (20) to be provided.

As has already been stated, two adjacent waste buckets (6), (8) are provided on the furniture door (20) by means of a frame or a holder (7), which are provided for the compostable waste and the residual waste. These two containers can be conventional waste bins, whereby only the remaining height is to be taken into account, but it has been shown that with a bucket height of about 22 cm, not only can it be accommodated in all kitchens, it is therefore sufficient Space for these two fractions of household waste is available so that the usual intervals for emptying can be observed.

It is of course possible to design one or both of these buckets so that it can be covered, although it can be advantageous to provide the covers, as is known, automatically opening.

The invention can be varied and modified in various ways. For example, it is possible to provide the containers (4), (5) with rollers in order to make removal and insertion easier. It is of course possible to arrange guide rails on the bottom of the furniture or on the top of the lower container. The upper container can be provided with an attachable cover, which facilitates the transport of the paper from the furniture to the collecting container. The size of the buckets (6), (8) is advantageously chosen so that a normal household sweeping vane can be conveniently emptied over the diagonal of the bucket without the risk of misplacing. For this purpose, at least one of the two buckets can follow one another have a widening horizontal cross section, as shown in FIG. 1.

As already stated, in addition to the two buckets (6), (8) on the door of the piece of furniture (1), further small, optionally lockable containers (19) can be provided for holding, for example, special waste, such as medicines, batteries, etc.

In summary, it can be said that the invention makes it possible to separate the household garbage into at least four fractions without having to change the habits of household members when collecting garbage and without having a special or additional space for the collecting and separating device got to. It is possible to use a large number of materials to manufacture the various containers. The two containers (4), (5) are preferred; (14), (15); (24), (25) made of plastic, but, as can be seen from Fig. 7, it is also possible to make these containers from wire.

The buckets (6), (8) are preferably also made of plastic, but the use of metal is also possible. The buckets (6), (8) can be attached to the furniture door (20) by means of a frame (7), but it is also conceivable to provide the buckets with a special strip which interacts with a holder on the furniture door The containers were shown with sharp edges in the drawings, but it depends on the respective material and manufacturing process whether and how the edges are rounded. The handles (9) of the containers (14), (15) shown in FIG. 4 can of course be arranged differently or can be designed to be removable.

In the case of furniture with a greater height or a siphon end (3) lying high, it is of course possible to provide a third shelf between the containers (4) and (5) in order, for example, to be able to collect more glass or metal waste. -5-

Claims (5)

No. 391 670 5 PATENT CLAIMS 10 1. Collection and sorting device for household waste, which can be accommodated in an existing kitchen furniture provided with a door, preferably below a sink, and in which the household waste accumulating can be divided into at least four fractions, characterized in that that two stacked, essentially cuboid containers (4, 5; 14, 15; 24, 25) are provided, the height 15 of which is smaller than the diagonal of their base area, the lower container (4; 14; 24) being on its end face facing the furniture door (20) is open and the upper container (5; 15; 25) is designed to be open at the top in the manner of a storage tray, and that furthermore two juxtaposed, above the upper container (5; 15; 25) arranged, preferably in a manner known per se, each having a rectangular base area and detachably fastened to the furniture door (20), for. B. suspended, buckets (6,8) 20 are provided. 2. collecting and sorting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the on the lower container (4; 14; 24) lying or integrally formed with this upper, open to the top container (5; 15; 25) has a base that the paper format exceeds A4 at least slightly, and that 25 preferably this paper collecting container (5; 15; 25) has projections or profiles for an attachable lid on three edges of its upper side, a carrying bracket (9) being provided on one of the narrow sides of this container 3. collecting and sorting device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the 30 upper container (5; 25) is arranged entirely transversely in front of the sink siphon (3) 4. Collecting and sorting device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the lower, provided for collecting glass or metal waste, in particular from a, preferably adjustable, separating surface (10) divided container (4; 14; 24 ), about 12 cm high and preferably equipped with a 35 ldappbaien, in the area of its front attached bracket (9). 5. Collecting and sorting device according to one of claims 1 or 4, characterized in that the base area of the upper container (5; 15; 25) is substantially larger than the A4 paper size, and that a preferably adjustable partition (10 ) is provided (Fig. 3). 40 45 Including 3 sheets of drawings -6-