Release notes for 0.83 (nushell#966)

* Release notes for `0.83`

Please add your new features and breaking changes to the release notes
by opening PRs against the `release-notes-0.83` branch.

* Update 2023-07-25-nushell_0_83.md

* make the TODO blocks HTML comments

* add raw breaking changes

* add the full changelog so far

* add interesting PRs in some sections as raw tables

* write the *cratification* section

* write the *configuration* section

* write the *standard library* section

* refactor links in markdown variables

* write the *commands* section

* write the *language improvement* section

* add last merged PRs

* add missing breaking changes

related to nushell/nu_scripts#561

script from the PR run on
```nushell
"Tue Jun 27 19:11:46 2023 +0200" | into datetime
```

* add missing lines in the changelog

related to nushell/nu_scripts#561

script from the PR run on
```nushell
"Tue Jun 27 19:11:46 2023 +0200" | into datetime
```

* Update 2023-07-25-nushell_0_83.md

* Update 2023-07-25-nushell_0_83.md

* Update 2023-07-25-nushell_0_83.md

* Update 2023-07-25-nushell_0_83.md

---------

Co-authored-by: JT <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Jakub Žádník <[email protected]>