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update #4868

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noir1458 committed May 28, 2023
commit 6c4bd27a28c4a45f98bbd3d251b4c6e97141faf4
361 changes: 361 additions & 0 deletions _posts/2023-05-29-markdown-LaTeX.md
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---
layout: single
title: Tex, LaTex 수식 문법
tags: markdown
---

## Tex, LaTex 수식 문법
Tex, LaTex 수식 문법 정리
https://ko.overleaf.com/
overleaf 사이트를 이용하여 사용하면 편하다고 한다.

참고하기
http:https://mrskrummel.com/tutorials
http:https://tomoyo.ivyro.net/123/wiki.php/TeX_%EB%B0%8F_LaTeX_%EC%88%98%EC%8B%9D_%EB%AC%B8%EB%B2%95


## 기본 템플릿
```
\documentclass[11pt]{article} : 명령의 시작(option - 11pt, class - article)
\usepackage{kotex} - 사용할 패키지(kotex)
\begin{document} - 주요 부분 시작
\end{document} - 문서의 끝
```
class - 문서의 유형을 의미. proc article, report, slides 등
option - 의도에 맞게 형식을 조절, 옵션의 구분은 쉼표로 한다. 10pt, a4paper, letterpaper, fleqn, titlepage, onecolumn, landscape 옵션 등
package - 패키지 이름으로 주로 kotex 사용

- amsfonts - 자연수, 정수, 실수 등 수학기호 입력시
- graphicx - 그림삽입을 위한 패키지
- fullpage - 문서를 꽉 차게 출력시키기

```
$수식$
\(수식\)

$$줄바꿈후 중앙에 위치한 수식$$

특수기호 입력 위해서는 '\특수기호' 입력
백슬래쉬는 '\textbackslash'
```
띄어쓰기와 엔터가 여러번 입력되었다고 해도, 1번으로 인식한다.
줄바꿈을 하려면 한줄을 직접 띄워도 되고, \\\\을 사용해도 된다 (정렬방식에 차이가 있다.)


## 수식
### 연산과 표기
```
$\div$
$\angle$
$\mathbb{ABCDEFG}$
$\nabla$
$\partial$
$\hbar$
$\vec{v}$
$\overrightarrow{OP}$
$\overleftrightarrow{QR}$
$h \to 0$
$f:A\to B, A\overset{f}{\to}B$
$f:a\mapsto b, x\mapsto f(x)$
$\bar{x}$
$\overline{OQ}$
$\underline{fff}$
$\cancel{text}$
$\not\nabla$
$\sim$
$\tilde{x}$
$\widetilde{xyz}$
$\hat{k}$
$\widehat{wxyz}$
```
$\div$
$\angle$
$\mathbb{ABCDEFG}$
$\nabla$
$\partial$
$\hbar$
$\vec{v}$
$\overrightarrow{OP}$
$\overleftrightarrow{QR}$
$h \to 0$
$f:A\to B, A\overset{f}{\to}B$
$f:a\mapsto b, x\mapsto f(x)$
$\bar{x}$
$\overline{OQ}$
$\underline{fff}$
$\cancel{text}$
$\not\nabla$
$\sim$
$\tilde{x}$
$\widetilde{xyz}$
$\hat{k}$
$\widehat{wxyz}$

### 표기 2
```
$\begin{cases}a&b\\cde&fg\end{cases}$
$\overbrace{abc\cdots xyz}^{\rm alphabets}$
$v\underbrace{oi}_{52}d$
$\lim_{a \to b}c$
$\exp x, e^x$
$\det A$
$a \bmod c$
$x\equiv a \pmod{b}$
```
$\begin{cases}a&b\\cde&fg\end{cases}$
$\overbrace{abc\cdots xyz}^{\rm alphabets}$
$v\underbrace{oi}_{52}d$
$\lim_{a \to b}c$
$\exp x, e^x$
$\det A$
$a \bmod c$
$x\equiv a \pmod{b}$

### 벡터, 텐서
```
$\vec{a}\cdot\vec{b}$
$\vec{c}\times\vec{d}$
$\otimes$
$\ast *$
```
$\vec{a}\cdot\vec{b}$
$\vec{c}\times\vec{d}$
$\otimes$
$\ast *$

### 지수 표기
superscripts : 지수로 올리고 싶은 부분은 {} 중괄호로 묶어주어야 한다.
```
$a^{b+1}$
```
$a^{b+1}$

### 행렬 표기
subscripts : 행렬표기. X12를 원하면앞에 1을 중괄호로 묶고 언더바로 입력
```
$x_1$
$x_{12}$
${x_1}_2$
${{x_1}_2}_3$
```
$x_1$
$x_{12}$
${x_1}_2$
${{x_1}_2}_3$

### greek letters
$백슬래쉬 + 문자철자$
```
$\pi$
$\alpha$
$S=\pi r^2$
```
$\pi$
$\alpha$
$S=\pi r^2$
원의 넓이처럼 다른 문자와 붙이고 싶다면, 한칸 띄고 작성해야 한다.

### 삼각함수
$백슬래쉬 + 삼각함수{}$
```
$\sin{x}$
```
$\sin{x}$


### 로그함수
$백슬래쉬+log{}$
```
$\log{x}$
$\log_5{x}$
$\ln{x}$
```
$\log{x}$
$\log_5{x}$
$\ln{x}$

### 제곱근 square roots
```
$\sqrt{2}$
$\sqrt[3]{2}$
$\sqrt{x^2+y^2}$
$\sqrt{1+\sqrt{x}}$
```
$\sqrt{2}$
$\sqrt[3]{2}$
$\sqrt{x^2+y^2}$
$\sqrt{1+\sqrt{x}}$


### 분수 fractions
displaystyle을 적용하면 커진다
```
About 2/3
About $2/3$
About $\frac{2}{3}$
About $\displaystyle{\frac{2}{3}}$
$\frac{x}{x^2+x+1}$
$\frac{\sqrt{x+1}}{\sqrt{x-1}}$
$\frac{1}{1+\frac{1}{x}}$
$\sqrt{\frac{x}{x^2+x+1}}$
```
About 2/3
About $2/3$
About $\frac{2}{3}$
About $\displaystyle{\frac{2}{3}}$
$\frac{x}{x^2+x+1}$
$\frac{\sqrt{x+1}}{\sqrt{x-1}}$
$\frac{1}{1+\frac{1}{x}}$
$\sqrt{\frac{x}{x^2+x+1}}$


### 괄호
```
$(x+1)$
$3[2+(x+1)]$
${a,b,c}$
$\{a,b,c\}$
$\$12.55$

$3{\frac{2}{5}}$
$3\left(\frac{2}{5}\right)$
$3\left[\frac{2}{5}\right]$
$3\left\{\frac{2}{5}\right\}$

$\left\{x^2\right\}$
$\left\{x^2\right.$
```
$(x+1)$
$3[2+(x+1)]$
${a,b,c}$
$\{a,b,c\}$
$\$12.55$

$3{\frac{2}{5}}$
$3\left(\frac{2}{5}\right)$
$3\left[\frac{2}{5}\right]$
$3\left\{\frac{2}{5}\right\}$

$\left\{x^2\right\}$
$\left\{x^2\right.$


### 절댓값
그냥 | 기호 입력시 작게 나온다, 크게 입력하려면 위치+기호로 작성
```
$|x|$
$|\frac{x}{x+1}|$
$\left|\frac{x}{x+1}\right|$
```
$|x|$
$|\frac{x}{x+1}|$
$\left|\frac{x}{x+1}\right|$

### 미적분
```
$\int$
$\iint$
$\iiint$
$\oint$

$\dot{x}$
$\ddot{x}$
$\overset{...}{x}$
$\overset{::}{x}$
$x^{\prime}$
```
$\int$
$\iint$
$\iiint$
$\oint$

$\dot{x}$
$\ddot{x}$
$\overset{...}{x}$
$\overset{::}{x}$
$x^{\prime}$

#### textstyle과 displaystyle
\inlinestyle 이 아니다.
```
$\textstyle \int_a^b f \sum_c^d g$
$\displaystyle \int_a^b f \sum_c^d g$
```
$\textstyle \int_a^b f \sum_c^d g$
$\displaystyle \int_a^b f \sum_c^d g$


### 작은 첨자(미적분)
_{내용} 형태
```
$\left| \frac{dy}{dx} \right|_{x=1}$
$\left. \frac{dy}{dx} \right|_{x=1}$
```
$\left| \frac{dy}{dx} \right|_{x=1}$
$\left. \frac{dy}{dx} \right|_{x=1}$

### calligraphic font, script font
```
$\mathcal{L}$ - 라플라스 변환
$\mathcal{E}$ - 기전력

$\mathscr{L}$
$\mathscr{E}$
$\mathscr{P}$ - 멱집합
```
$\mathcal{L}$
$\mathcal{E}$

$\mathscr{L}$
$\mathscr{E}$
$\mathscr{P}$


## tabular, eqnarray 환경
표 만들고 방정식을 줄맞춤하여 작성하는 용도로 보이는데, 마크다운 글을 작성할때 적용되지 않는 것으로 보인다.

## align
```
$\begin{align}a&=b\\&=c\\&=d\end{align}$
```
$\begin{align}a&=b\\&=c\\&=d\end{align}$
정렬 용도로 eqnarray 대신 사용하라는것 같은데 마크다운 문서에서 안보이는듯

## enumerate, itemize 환경
번호를 붙여서 나열하거나 특수문자로 단순 나열하는것.
```
\item[Commutative] $a+b=b+a$
\item[Associative] $a+(b+c)=(a+b)+c$
\item[Distributive] $a(b+c)=ab+ac$
```
마크다운 작성할때 사용하기 어려워 보인다.


## 문서, 차례
\section{} - 절
\subsection{} - 소절

\part - 문서를 몇 개의 부로 나눌때 사용(번호매기는 것에 영향받지않는다)
\frontmatter - \begin{document} 다음에 위치 (쪽 번호를 로마 숫자로 바꾼다.)
\mainmatter - 책의 첫 장 바로 앞에 위치 (쪽 번호를 아라비아 숫자로 바꾸고 쪽 번호 매김을 다시 시작)
\appendix - 인자를 취하지 않고, 장의 번호 매김을 숫자에서 문자로 변경 (보통 책의 부록 부분 시작을 표시)

\tableofcontents - 차례를 만드는 명령

\title{} - 문서의 제목
\author{} - 저자명, 여러명 작성시 \and쓰고 추가
\date{\today} - 날짜 작성이고 \today써서 오늘 날짜 출력
\maketitle - 마지막에 이것을 작성해야 출력된다.


\textit{} - 이탤릭체
\textbt{} - 볼드체
\textsc{} - small caps
\texttt{} - typewriter

\begin{center,flushleft,flushright} 내용 \end{center,flushleft,flushright} - 정렬

\begin{quote} 내용 \end{quote} - 인용문, 구절, 예문
\begin{verse} 내용 \end{verse} - 줄바꿈이 중요한 시를 표시할때 유용.(각 행은 \\\\로, 각 연은 빈 줄로 구분)

다만 이런 내용들은 마크다운 문서에서 사용하지는 않을 것으로 보인다.