fix effects for Float64^Int on 32 bit

[oscardssmith]

fixes #54910 properly.

The recursion heuristic was getting mad at this for some reason...

[aviatesk]

I'm curious as to why recursion heuristics become an issue, so if you have time, could you check whether clamp(n::Int32, Int64) is type stable on a 32-bit machine?

[oscardssmith]

Not sure what's up...

julia> @code_warntype clamp(1, Int64)
MethodInstance for clamp(::Int32, ::Type{Int64})
  from clamp(x, ::Type{T}) where T<:Integer @ Base.Math math.jl:122
Static Parameters
  T = Int64
Arguments
  #self#::Core.Const(clamp)
  x::Int32
  _::Core.Const(Int64)
Locals
  hi::Int64
  lo::Int64
Body::Int64
1 ─ %1  = Base.Math.typemin::Core.Const(typemin)
│   %2  = $(Expr(:static_parameter, 1))::Core.Const(Int64)
│         (lo = (%1)(%2))
│   %4  = Base.Math.typemax::Core.Const(typemax)
│   %5  = $(Expr(:static_parameter, 1))::Core.Const(Int64)
│         (hi = (%4)(%5))
│   %7  = Base.Math.:>::Core.Const(>)
│   %8  = hi::Core.Const(9223372036854775807)
│   %9  = (%7)(x, %8)::Bool
└──       goto #3 if not %9
2 ─ %11 = hi::Core.Const(9223372036854775807)
└──       return %11
3 ─ %13 = Base.Math.:<::Core.Const(<)
│   %14 = lo::Core.Const(-9223372036854775808)
│   %15 = (%13)(x, %14)::Bool
└──       goto #5 if not %15
4 ─ %17 = lo::Core.Const(-9223372036854775808)
└──       return %17
5 ─ %19 = Base.Math.convert::Core.Const(convert)
│   %20 = $(Expr(:static_parameter, 1))::Core.Const(Int64)
│   %21 = (%19)(%20, x)::Int64
└──       return %21

[aviatesk]

Strange. It's scary. If this is type stable, then recursion heuristics shouldn't be triggered. However, it might be possible that when clamp(::Int32, Type{Int64}) is inferred for the first time, if there are some functions that are not yet defined, causing the inferred return type to be Any and cached.