ferment
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English
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle English ferment, from Middle French ferment, from Latin fermentāre (“to leaven, ferment”), from fermentum (“substance causing fermentation”), from fervēre (“to boil, seethe”). See also fervent.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (verb):
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /fəˈmɛnt/
Audio (Southern England): (file)
- (General American) IPA(key): /fɚˈmɛnt/
- Rhymes: -ɛnt
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /fəˈmɛnt/
- (noun):
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈfɜː.mɛnt/
- (General American) IPA(key): /ˈfɚ.mɛnt/
Verb
[edit]ferment (third-person singular simple present ferments, present participle fermenting, simple past and past participle fermented)
- To react, using fermentation; especially to produce alcohol by aging or by allowing yeast to act on sugars; to brew.
- 2020 November 18, Drachinifel, 6:21 from the start, in The Salvage of Pearl Harbor Pt 2 - Up She Rises![1], archived from the original on 22 October 2022:
- The cleanup job would turn out to be possibly second only to body-recovery duty in terms of being a job that nobody wanted to get assigned to. Imagine, for a moment, a thick soup of oil, paper, ink, clothing, raw meat and other fresh provisions, and worse, that had all been left to collect together in semi-warm water, all enclosed in a large metal container that had then been subjected to heating by first fire and then repeated warm Hawaiian days, and then left to ferment for over a month, and then with most of the water drained away and all the remaining solid and semi-liquid mass collecting together in pools and heaps across multiple decks, still in a relatively-enclosed environment.
- To stir up, agitate, cause unrest or excitement in.
- 1713, [Alexander] Pope, Windsor-Forest. […], London: […] Bernard Lintott […], →OCLC:
- Ye vigorous swains! while youth ferments your blood.
- a. 1749 (date written), James Thomson, “Winter”, in The Seasons, London: […] A[ndrew] Millar, and sold by Thomas Cadell, […], published 1768, →OCLC, page 165, lines 10–14:
- Pleas'd have I wander'd thro' your rough domain; / Trod the pure virgin-ſnows, myſelf as pure; / Heard the winds roar, and the big torrent burſt; / Or ſeen the deep fermenting tempeſt brew'd, / In the grim evening ſky.
Derived terms
[edit]Translations
[edit]to react using fermentation
|
to cause unrest
Noun
[edit]ferment (plural ferments)
- Something, such as a yeast or barm, that causes fermentation.
- A state of agitation or of turbulent change.
- a. 1729, John Rogers, The Difficulties of Obtaining Salvation:
- Subdue and cool the ferment of desire.
- 14 November, 1770, Junius, letter to the Right Honourable Lord Mansfield
- The nation is in a ferment.
- 1919, Ronald Firbank, Valmouth, Duckworth, hardback edition, page 104
- Clad in a Persian-Renaissance gown and a widow's tiara of white batiste, Mrs Thoroughfare, in all the ferment of a Marriage-Christening, left her chamber on vapoury autumn day and descending a few stairs, and climbing a few others, knocked a trifle brusquely at her son's wife's door.
- A gentle internal motion of the constituent parts of a fluid; fermentation.
- 1748, James Thomson, “Canto II”, in The Castle of Indolence: […], London: […] A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC, stanza XXX, page 56:
- A Rage of Pleaſure madden'd every Breaſt, / Down to the loweſt Lees the Ferment ran: [...]
- A catalyst.
Translations
[edit]substance causing fermentation
|
state of agitation
|
gentle internal movement
|
catalyst
|
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- Douglas Harper (2001–2024) “ferment”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
- “ferment”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
Fermentation on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
Anagrams
[edit]French
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Audio: (file)
Verb
[edit]ferment
Polish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Learned borrowing from Latin fermentum.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]ferment m inan
Declension
[edit]Declension of ferment
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | ferment | fermenty |
| genitive | fermentu | fermentów |
| dative | fermentowi | fermentom |
| accusative | ferment | fermenty |
| instrumental | fermentem | fermentami |
| locative | fermencie | fermentach |
| vocative | fermencie | fermenty |
Related terms
[edit]adjective
noun
verbs
Further reading
[edit]- ferment in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- ferment in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Romanian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from French ferment, from Latin fermentum.
Noun
[edit]ferment m (plural fermenți)
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | ||
| nominative-accusative | ferment | fermentul | fermenți | fermenții | |
| genitive-dative | ferment | fermentului | fermenți | fermenților | |
| vocative | fermentule | fermenților | |||
Categories:
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle French
- English terms derived from Latin
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:English/ɛnt
- Rhymes:English/ɛnt/2 syllables
- English lemmas
- English verbs
- English terms with quotations
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
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- en:Biochemistry
- en:Chemistry
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- Polish terms borrowed from Latin
- Polish learned borrowings from Latin
- Polish terms derived from Latin
- Polish 2-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Polish/ɛrmɛnt
- Rhymes:Polish/ɛrmɛnt/2 syllables
- Polish lemmas
- Polish nouns
- Polish masculine nouns
- Polish inanimate nouns
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- pl:Biochemistry
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