圜

See also: 圓 and 囨

圜 U+571C, 圜 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-571C ← 圛 [U+571B] CJK Unified Ideographs 圝 → [U+571D]

Translingual

Han character

圜 (Kangxi radical 31, 囗+13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 田田中女 (WWLV), four-corner 6073₂, composition ⿴囗睘)

Derived characters

• 攌, 𨯬

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 221, character 12
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4851
• Dae Jaweon: page 453, character 12
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 726, character 16
• Unihan data for U+571C

Chinese

simp. and trad.		圜

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 圜
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (睘) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
癏	*kʷraːn
擐	*kʷraːn, *ɡʷraːns
還	*ɡʷraːn, *sɢʷan
環	*ɡʷraːn
鬟	*ɡʷraːn
寰	*ɡʷraːn, *ɡʷeːns
闤	*ɡʷraːn
糫	*ɡʷraːn
圜	*ɡʷraːn, *ɡʷen
鐶	*ɡʷraːn
轘	*ɡʷraːn, *ɡʷraːns
澴	*ɡʷraːn
繯	*ɡʷraːns, *ɡʷeːnʔ
檈	*sɢʷan, *sɢʷin
儇	*qʰʷen
翾	*qʰʷen
蠉	*qʰʷen, *qʰʷenʔ
嬛	*qʰʷen, *qʷen, *ɡʷeŋ
譞	*qʰʷen
懁	*kʷeːns
獧	*kʷeːns
噮	*qʷeːns
彋	*ɡʷreːŋ, *ɡʷreːŋ
睘	*ɡʷeŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡʷraːn, *ɡʷen) : semantic 囗 (“circle”) + phonetic 睘 (OC *ɡʷeŋ).

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): huán (huan²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄢˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): waan⁴ / won¹
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): huang² / huong²

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: huán
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄢˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: huán
    • Wade–Giles: huan²
    • Yale: hwán
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hwan
    • Palladius: хуань (xuanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu̯än³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: waan⁴ / won¹
    • Yale: wàahn / wōn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: waan⁴ / won¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: wan⁴ / won¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /waːn²¹/, /wɔːn⁵⁵/

Note: won1 - "Korean won", directly from Korean 원 (won).

• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: huang²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /huaŋ¹³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: huong²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /huoŋ¹³/

---

• Middle Chinese: hwaen

Rime
Character	圜
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	刪 (70)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	戸關切
Baxter	hwaen
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦˠuan/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦʷᵚan/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣuɐn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦwaɨn/
Li Rong	/ɣuan/
Wang Li	/ɣwan/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ɣwan/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	huán
Expected Cantonese Reflex	waan4

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡʷraːn/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	圜
Reading #	1/2
No.	16236
Phonetic component	睘
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	還
Old Chinese	/*ɡʷraːn/

Definitions

圜

1. (literary) to revolve around

   • 明堂中有一殿，四面無壁，以茅蓋，通水，水圜宮垣。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     明堂中有一殿，四面无壁，以茅盖，通水，水圜宫垣。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Book of Han, circa 1^st century CE

     Míngtáng zhōng yǒu yī diàn, sìmiàn wú bì, yǐ máo gài, tōng shuǐ, shuǐ huán gōngyuán. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • 冠帶縉紳之人，圜橋門而觀聽者蓋億萬計。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
     冠带缙绅之人，圜桥门而观听者盖亿万计。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Book of the Later Han, circa 5^th century CE

     Guàndài jìnshēn zhī rén, huán qiáomén ér guāntīng zhě gài yìwàn jì. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

2. (numismatics) South Korean hwan (in circulation from February 15, 1953 to June 9, 1962)
3. (numismatics) won (currency of North or South Korea)

Compounds

• 圜流
• 圜飛／圜飞
• 轉圜／转圜 (zhuǎnhuán)

 

Etymology 2

Same word as 圓 (OC /*ɢʷ<r>en/) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yuán (yuan²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄩㄢˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jyun⁴
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): oeng² / yeng²

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yuán
    • Zhuyin: ㄩㄢˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yuán
    • Wade–Giles: yüan²
    • Yale: ywán
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yuan
    • Palladius: юань (juanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɥɛn³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: jyun⁴
    • Yale: yùhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jyn⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: yun⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jyːn²¹/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: oeng²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /œŋ¹³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: yeng²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /yøŋ¹³/

---

• Middle Chinese: hjwen

Rime
Character	圜
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	云 (35)
Final (韻)	仙 (80)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	王權切
Baxter	hjwen
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦˠiuᴇn/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦʷᵚiɛn/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣiuæn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦwian/
Li Rong	/ɣjuɛn/
Wang Li	/ɣĭwɛn/
Bernhard Karlgren	/i̯wɛn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yuán
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jyun4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*ɢʷ<r>en/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡʷen/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	圜
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yuán
Middle Chinese	‹ hjwen ›
Old Chinese	/*ɢʷ<r>en/
English	round
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	圜
Reading #	2/2
No.	16252
Phonetic component	睘
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	貟
Old Chinese	/*ɡʷen/

Definitions

圜

1. (literary) Alternative form of 圓／圆 (yuán)

   • 圜者中規，方者中矩，立者中縣，衡者中水，直者如生焉，繼者如附焉。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     圜者中规，方者中矩，立者中县，衡者中水，直者如生焉，继者如附焉。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Rites of Zhou, circa 3^rd century BCE

     Yuán zhě zhòng guī, fāng zhě zhòng jǔ, lì zhě zhòng xiàn, héng zhě zhòng shuǐ, zhí zhě rú shēng yān, jì zhě rú fù yān. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

2. (literary) heaven; celestial realm

   • 圜則九重，孰營度之？ [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     圜则九重，孰营度之？ [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Verses of Chu, 4^th century BCE – 2^nd century CE

     Yuán zé jiǔzhòng, shú yíng dù zhī? [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

3. (obsolete) prison

   • 司圜：掌收教罷民。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     司圜：掌收教罢民。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Rites of Zhou, circa 3^rd century BCE

     Sī yuán: zhǎng shōujiào bàmín. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

4. (obsolete) currency

   • 太公為周立九府圜法：黃金方寸，而重一斤；錢圜函方，輕重以銖。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     太公为周立九府圜法：黄金方寸，而重一斤；钱圜函方，轻重以铢。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Book of Han, circa 1^st century CE

     Tàigōng wèi zhōu lì jiǔfǔ yuánfǎ: huángjīn fāngcùn, ér zhòng yī jīn; qián yuán hán fāng, qīngzhòng yǐ zhū. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Compounds

• 圜丘
• 圜土
• 圜扉
• 圜牆／圜墙
• 圜鍾／圜钟
• 圜鑿方枘／圜凿方枘
• 大圜
• 方枘圜鑿／方枘圜凿
• 破觚為圜／破觚为圜

 

References

• 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “圜”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 93.

Japanese

Kanji

圜

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. round
2. go around

Readings

• On (unclassified): かん (kan)、えん (en)
• Kun: めぐる (meguru, 圜る)、まるい (marui, 圜い)

Korean

Hanja

圜 • (won, hwan) (hangeul 원, 환, revised won, hwan, McCune–Reischauer wŏn, hwan)

1. circle, surround
2. encircle
3. (numismatics) South Korean hwan

Vietnamese

Han character

圜: Hán Nôm readings: viên

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.