The thesis explores potential challenges and opportunities for blockchains and International Rela... more The thesis explores potential challenges and opportunities for blockchains and International Relations (IR). The thesis also explores how IR can help understand blockchains as new conceptual phenomena. The thesis broadly questions: what do blockchains mean for IR? And, what does IR mean for blockchains? Institutions and power are taken to be significant for the exploration because they represent crucial IR concepts. Blockchains are explored as regulative, normative, and cultural-cognitive institutions and as compulsory, institutional, structural, and productive power. Blockchains are argued to provide challenges and opportunities for discipline of IR and the practice of international relations. IR can understand blockchains through the concepts of institutions and power.
The different theories offered to explain how security is maintained in contemporary internationa... more The different theories offered to explain how security is maintained in contemporary international relations cannot be classified in terms of being better or worse than the other.
The essay was completed for a masters class in international relations theory. It analyses the fi... more The essay was completed for a masters class in international relations theory. It analyses the first great debate in International Relations between the Political Realism of Hans Morgenthau and the balance of utopianism and realism found in what E.H. Carr describes as "mature thought". The essay concludes that E.H. Carr would have described Hans's work to be too utopian rather than containing too much realism.
South Asia is a dangerous place. The diverse array of ethnicities, religious beliefs, customs and... more South Asia is a dangerous place. The diverse array of ethnicities, religious beliefs, customs and cultures, allow difference to become emphasised. Grievances between India and Pakistan, however, represent a large chunk of the animosity. The essay proceeds in two parts.
The environment seems an unlikely cause of international conflict. Insecurity issues erupting fro... more The environment seems an unlikely cause of international conflict. Insecurity issues erupting from resource scarcity and other environmental fallout, however, appear to impact sub-nationally on existing discord. The essay uses the interrelated and dynamic points the environmental security paradigm outlines to investigate the environment as a cause of international conflict. It argues that the environment is more likely to contribute to existing conflicts already widespread across the globe’s socio-political landscape than begin brand new ones.
Published in 1987, the Brundtland Report has been hailed as a watershed for sustainable developme... more Published in 1987, the Brundtland Report has been hailed as a watershed for sustainable development. 1 Named after the Chairperson of the World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED), Gro Harlem Brundtland, it ushered in a new age of environmental concern. In a time when the ability of the environment's carrying capacity to provide for the Earth's population was considered infinite, naysayers, under the political conservatism of Thatcher and Reagan, were proclaiming eco-friendly solutions, and the evidence supporting them, scientific frauds. To this end the Brundtland Report struck back with a revolutionary message of action. Its purpose: create a healthy balance between the interrelated and interconnected interests of the ecological and the socio-economical, proposing a threshold to protect the planet's finite resources, and still provide equity. The critique gives a short summary, ascertains the Report's approach to sustainability, and then critically evaluates the Report's positive and negative contributions, concluding with an ambivalent evaluation.
Today's cities require transformation. These cities siphon the life out of the surrounding lands,... more Today's cities require transformation. These cities siphon the life out of the surrounding lands, forcing Mother Nature's rich vitality inward to sustain the burgeoning population, living uncomfortably close. The urban landscape is a nightmare of concrete, grit, and rusted metal; where entire cities are redolent with sewage and the air chokes the inhabitants during their commute. The city's output is horrendous waste: vile sludge that contaminates the surrounding environment without discrimination, filthy water that pumps into the oceans and rivers, poisoning them, and destroying their natural worth. Due to the city being an affront to nature's intrinsic value, it requires radical change. Such change is classified as sustainability: providing for the present while maintaining the future, on social, ecological, and economic fronts (WCED 1987). 1 The essay first describes the issues and causes of unsustainable cities, defines the transformative approach, critically evaluates the approach against status quo and reform approaches, and then concludes with an enumeration of the opportunities and barriers currently standing in the way of complete implementation.
The theme of loyalty pervades certain narratives. Loyalty gives characters emotional breadth and ... more The theme of loyalty pervades certain narratives. Loyalty gives characters emotional breadth and depth. It helps breathe textual meaning into them. Loyalty helps shape each character"s preference and individual faults; it also assists the connections, within textual space, certain characters share. The theme of loyalty, while sometimes not a central theme, is indispensable within narrative, giving text greater meaning. This essay uses Shakespeare"s Macbeth and Malouf"s Ransom to examine the meanings generated by the representation of loyalty. The essay has eight sections, which can be amalgamated into two broad parts. The first part concerns the concepts of meaning, characterisation, plot, and genre. The second includes charisma, power, focalisation, and finally, intertextuality. This essay argues: the theme of loyalty explicitly contributes to the narrative"s ability to offer plausible textual representation, by delivering greater emotive meaning.
The thesis explores potential challenges and opportunities for blockchains and International Rela... more The thesis explores potential challenges and opportunities for blockchains and International Relations (IR). The thesis also explores how IR can help understand blockchains as new conceptual phenomena. The thesis broadly questions: what do blockchains mean for IR? And, what does IR mean for blockchains? Institutions and power are taken to be significant for the exploration because they represent crucial IR concepts. Blockchains are explored as regulative, normative, and cultural-cognitive institutions and as compulsory, institutional, structural, and productive power. Blockchains are argued to provide challenges and opportunities for discipline of IR and the practice of international relations. IR can understand blockchains through the concepts of institutions and power.
The different theories offered to explain how security is maintained in contemporary internationa... more The different theories offered to explain how security is maintained in contemporary international relations cannot be classified in terms of being better or worse than the other.
The essay was completed for a masters class in international relations theory. It analyses the fi... more The essay was completed for a masters class in international relations theory. It analyses the first great debate in International Relations between the Political Realism of Hans Morgenthau and the balance of utopianism and realism found in what E.H. Carr describes as "mature thought". The essay concludes that E.H. Carr would have described Hans's work to be too utopian rather than containing too much realism.
South Asia is a dangerous place. The diverse array of ethnicities, religious beliefs, customs and... more South Asia is a dangerous place. The diverse array of ethnicities, religious beliefs, customs and cultures, allow difference to become emphasised. Grievances between India and Pakistan, however, represent a large chunk of the animosity. The essay proceeds in two parts.
The environment seems an unlikely cause of international conflict. Insecurity issues erupting fro... more The environment seems an unlikely cause of international conflict. Insecurity issues erupting from resource scarcity and other environmental fallout, however, appear to impact sub-nationally on existing discord. The essay uses the interrelated and dynamic points the environmental security paradigm outlines to investigate the environment as a cause of international conflict. It argues that the environment is more likely to contribute to existing conflicts already widespread across the globe’s socio-political landscape than begin brand new ones.
Published in 1987, the Brundtland Report has been hailed as a watershed for sustainable developme... more Published in 1987, the Brundtland Report has been hailed as a watershed for sustainable development. 1 Named after the Chairperson of the World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED), Gro Harlem Brundtland, it ushered in a new age of environmental concern. In a time when the ability of the environment's carrying capacity to provide for the Earth's population was considered infinite, naysayers, under the political conservatism of Thatcher and Reagan, were proclaiming eco-friendly solutions, and the evidence supporting them, scientific frauds. To this end the Brundtland Report struck back with a revolutionary message of action. Its purpose: create a healthy balance between the interrelated and interconnected interests of the ecological and the socio-economical, proposing a threshold to protect the planet's finite resources, and still provide equity. The critique gives a short summary, ascertains the Report's approach to sustainability, and then critically evaluates the Report's positive and negative contributions, concluding with an ambivalent evaluation.
Today's cities require transformation. These cities siphon the life out of the surrounding lands,... more Today's cities require transformation. These cities siphon the life out of the surrounding lands, forcing Mother Nature's rich vitality inward to sustain the burgeoning population, living uncomfortably close. The urban landscape is a nightmare of concrete, grit, and rusted metal; where entire cities are redolent with sewage and the air chokes the inhabitants during their commute. The city's output is horrendous waste: vile sludge that contaminates the surrounding environment without discrimination, filthy water that pumps into the oceans and rivers, poisoning them, and destroying their natural worth. Due to the city being an affront to nature's intrinsic value, it requires radical change. Such change is classified as sustainability: providing for the present while maintaining the future, on social, ecological, and economic fronts (WCED 1987). 1 The essay first describes the issues and causes of unsustainable cities, defines the transformative approach, critically evaluates the approach against status quo and reform approaches, and then concludes with an enumeration of the opportunities and barriers currently standing in the way of complete implementation.
The theme of loyalty pervades certain narratives. Loyalty gives characters emotional breadth and ... more The theme of loyalty pervades certain narratives. Loyalty gives characters emotional breadth and depth. It helps breathe textual meaning into them. Loyalty helps shape each character"s preference and individual faults; it also assists the connections, within textual space, certain characters share. The theme of loyalty, while sometimes not a central theme, is indispensable within narrative, giving text greater meaning. This essay uses Shakespeare"s Macbeth and Malouf"s Ransom to examine the meanings generated by the representation of loyalty. The essay has eight sections, which can be amalgamated into two broad parts. The first part concerns the concepts of meaning, characterisation, plot, and genre. The second includes charisma, power, focalisation, and finally, intertextuality. This essay argues: the theme of loyalty explicitly contributes to the narrative"s ability to offer plausible textual representation, by delivering greater emotive meaning.
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