Property talk:P103

Documentation

• Start a query
• Current uses
• Statistics by class
• List of values
• List of qualifiers
• Count

native language
language or languages a person has learned from early childhood

Description	the native language of a person, use languages spoken, written or signed (P1412) for all other languages, or if it is not sure if the language is the native Language. For works use language of work or name (P407) and original language of film or TV show (P364)
Represents	first language (Q36870)
Data type	Item
Domain	According to this template: person (Q215627) According to statements in the property: human (Q5), ethnic group (Q41710), fictional character (Q95074), legendary figure (Q13002315), character that may or may not be fictional (Q21070598), group of humans (Q16334295) or groups of people in a location (Q130479961) When possible, data should only be stored as statements
Allowed values	language, dialect, languoid (Q17376908) (note: this should be moved to the property statements)
Example	Leo Tolstoy (Q7243) → Russian (Q7737) Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (Q5879) → German (Q188) William Shakespeare (Q692) → English (Q1860) Miguel de Cervantes (Q5682) → Spanish (Q1321) Jules Verne (Q33977) → French (Q150)
Tracking: usage	Category:Pages using Wikidata property P103 (Q20116989)
See also	languages spoken, written or signed (P1412), writing language (P6886), language used (P2936)
Lists	Top missing properties by number of sitelinks/P1412 (or P103) Items with the most statements of this property Count of items by number of statements (chart) Items with the most statements Items with the fewest statements Count of items by number of sitelinks (chart) Items with the most sitelinks Items with the most sitelinks, but no link to one Wikipedia (sample: Welsh Wikipedia, cywiki) Items with the fewest sitelinks Most linked wikis Items with the most identifier properties By value of property Most statements Fewest statements Most sitelinks Most linked wikis Total of sitelinks on items Most identifiers Fewest identifiers Items with no other statements Most recently created items Items with novalue claims Items with unknown value claims Usage history (total) Usage history (main statement) Chart by item creation date Map of people by place values: place of birth educated at work location residence place of death place of burial January 1st dates People with date of birth on January 1 People with date of death on January 1 People with both dates on January 1 Database reports/Humans with missing claims/P103 Database reports/Constraint violations/P103 Map Random list
Proposal discussion	Proposal discussion
Current uses	Total 336,213 Main statement 334,909 99.6% of uses Qualifier 1,265 0.4% of uses Reference 39 <0.1% of uses
Search for values

[create Create a translatable help page (preferably in English) for this property to be included here]

Value type “languoid (Q17376908)”: This property should use items as value that contain property “instance of (P31)”. On these, the value for instance of (P31) should be an item that uses subclass of (P279) with value languoid (Q17376908) (or a subclass thereof). (Help)

Exceptions are possible as rare values may exist. Exceptions can be specified using exception to constraint (P2303).
List of violations of this constraint: Database reports/Constraint violations/P103#Value type Q17376908, SPARQL

Type “human (Q5), ethnic group (Q41710), fictional character (Q95074), legendary figure (Q13002315), character that may or may not be fictional (Q21070598), group of humans (Q16334295), groups of people in a location (Q130479961)”: item must contain property “instance of (P31)” with classes “human (Q5), ethnic group (Q41710), fictional character (Q95074), legendary figure (Q13002315), character that may or may not be fictional (Q21070598), group of humans (Q16334295), groups of people in a location (Q130479961)” or their subclasses (defined using subclass of (P279)). (Help)

Exceptions are possible as rare values may exist. Exceptions can be specified using exception to constraint (P2303).
List of violations of this constraint: Database reports/Constraint violations/P103#Type Q5, Q41710, Q95074, Q13002315, Q21070598, Q16334295, Q130479961, SPARQL

Item “languages spoken, written or signed (P1412)”: Items with this property should also have “languages spoken, written or signed (P1412)”. (Help)

Exceptions are possible as rare values may exist. Exceptions can be specified using exception to constraint (P2303).
List of violations of this constraint: Database reports/Constraint violations/P103#Item P1412, search, SPARQL

Scope is as main value (Q54828448), as qualifier (Q54828449): the property must be used by specified way only (Help)

Exceptions are possible as rare values may exist. Exceptions can be specified using exception to constraint (P2303).
List of violations of this constraint: Database reports/Constraint violations/P103#Scope, SPARQL

Allowed entity types are Wikibase item (Q29934200): the property may only be used on a certain entity type (Help)

Exceptions are possible as rare values may exist. Exceptions can be specified using exception to constraint (P2303).
List of violations of this constraint: Database reports/Constraint violations/P103#Entity types

None of patois (Q744710): value must not be any of the specified items.
Replacement property:
Replacement values: patois (Q21014183) (Help)

Exceptions are possible as rare values may exist. Exceptions can be specified using exception to constraint (P2303).
List of violations of this constraint: Database reports/Constraint violations/P103#none of, SPARQL

None of Jatki (Q115408318): value must not be any of the specified items.
Replacement property:
Replacement values: (Help)

Exceptions are possible as rare values may exist. Exceptions can be specified using exception to constraint (P2303).
List of violations of this constraint: Database reports/Constraint violations/P103#none of, SPARQL

None of Eastern Punjabi (Q112664216): value must not be any of the specified items.
Replacement property:
Replacement values: Punjabi (Q58635) (Help)

Exceptions are possible as rare values may exist. Exceptions can be specified using exception to constraint (P2303).
List of violations of this constraint: Database reports/Constraint violations/P103#none of, SPARQL

None of Western Punjabi (Q1389492): value must not be any of the specified items.
Replacement property:
Replacement values: Punjabi (Q58635) (Help)

Exceptions are possible as rare values may exist. Exceptions can be specified using exception to constraint (P2303).
List of violations of this constraint: Database reports/Constraint violations/P103#none of, SPARQL

None of Parsi (Q25559304): value must not be any of the specified items.
Replacement property:
Replacement values: Gujarati (Q5137) (Help)

Exceptions are possible as rare values may exist. Exceptions can be specified using exception to constraint (P2303).
List of violations of this constraint: Database reports/Constraint violations/P103#none of, SPARQL

This property is being used by: ru:Шаблон:Персона ru:Шаблон:Писатель ru:Шаблон:Народ s:ru:Шаблон:Обавторе w:hy:Կաղապար:Տեղեկաքարտ Անձ, w:hy:Կաղապար:Տեղեկաքարտ Քանդակագործ, w:hy:Կաղապար:Տեղեկաքարտ մոդել ba:Ҡалып:Халыҡ da:Skabelon:Infoboks skuespiller, da:Skabelon:Infoboks kunstner hy:Կաղապար:Տեղեկաքարտ Անձ, hy:Կաղապար:Տեղեկաքարտ Քանդակագործ, hy:Կաղապար:Տեղեկաքարտ մոդել, hy:Կաղապար:Տեղեկաքարտ Ռազմական գործիչ incubator:Template:Wp/sty/Ҡалыҡ1 myv:ЛопаПарцун:Раське no:Mal:Infoboks biografi, no:Mal:Wikidata Infobox/core xmf:თარგი:ინფოდაფა ეთნიკური ბუნა eu:Txantiloi:Biografia infotaula automatikoa eo:Ŝablono:Informkesto homo, eo:Ŝablono:Informkesto homo/dokumentado, eo:Ŝablono:Informkesto homo/provejo, eo:Ŝablono:Informkesto biografio/dokumentado, eo:Ŝablono:Informkesto reganto, eo:Ŝablono:Informkesto kleriko, eo:Ŝablono:Informkesto gravulo, eo:Ŝablono:Informkesto etna grupo, eo:Ŝablono:Informkesto etna grupo/dokumentado ms:Templat:Kotak info Tapak Warisan Dunia, ms:Templat:Kotak info serangan awam/kotak pasir, ms:Templat:Kotak info pelabuhan gu:ઢાંચો:માહિતીચોકઠું વિશ્વ ધરોહર સ્થળ, gu:ઢાંચો:Wikidata Infobox, gu:ઢાંચો:Wikidata Infobox/core ur:سانچہ:Infobox World Heritage Site, ur:سانچہ:خانہ معلومات ویکی ڈیٹا/کور, ur:سانچہ:Wikidata Infobox/core el:Πρότυπο:Πληροφορίες προσώπου si:සැකිල්ල:Infobox World Heritage Site simple:Template:Infobox World Heritage Site sl:Predloga:Infopolje Kraj svetovne dediščine/peskovnik zh-yue:Template:維基數據人物明細, zh-yue:Template:維基數據君主明細, zh-yue:Template:維基數據足球員明細, zh-yue:Template:維基數據乒乓波運動員明細, zh-yue:Template:維基數據劍擊員明細, zh-yue:Template:維基數據柔道運動員明細, zh-yue:Template:維基數據游水運動員明細, zh-yue:Template:維基數據網球員明細 cdo:模板:Infobox person/Wikidata hak:模板:Infobox person/Wikidata zh-min-nan:Pang-bô͘:Infobox person/Wikidata hyw:Կաղապար:Տեղեկաքարտ Անձ, hyw:Կաղապար:Տեղեկաքարտ Քանդակագործ commons:Template:Wikidata Infobox/core cy:Nodyn:Wikidata Infobox es:Plantilla:Wikidata Infobox id:Templat:Wikidata infobox, id:Templat:Kotak info Wikidata/inti mw:Template:Wikidata Infobox/core mr:साचा:विकिडाटा माहितीचौकट/core, mr:साचा:विकिडेटा माहितीचौकट/core sa:फलकम्:Wikidata Infobox q:fr:Modèle:Wikidata Infobox/core de:Vorlage:Wikidata Infobox/core wikt:hy:Կաղապար:Տեղեկաքարտ Անձ crh:Şablon:Halq ta:வார்ப்புரு:Wikidata Infobox/core hi:साँचा:Wikidata Infobox/core nn:Mal:Infoboks forfattar, nn:Mal:Infoboks journalist, nn:Mal:Infoboks kunstnar sv:Mall:Wikidata Infobox/core s:zh:Template:Wikidata Infobox/core ckb:داڕێژە:Wikidata Infobox/core pt:Predefinição:Wikidata Infobox/core ku:Şablon:Wikidata Infobox/core mnw:ထာမ်ပလိက်:Wikidata Infobox/core nl:Sjabloon:Infobox persoon Wikidata vec:Modeło:Infobox de Pòpoło s:bn:টেমপ্লেট:উইকিউপাত্ত তথ্যছক/মূল d:Template:Wikidata Infobox/core s:ban:Mal:Wikidata Infobox/core ban:Mal:Wikidata Infobox/core uz:Andoza:Xalq bilgiqutisi lv:Veidne:Wikidata Infobox/core ary:موضيل:معلومات شخصية خيالية, ary:موضيل:معلومات شعب tum:Template:Infobox archive/wikidata voy:shn:ထႅမ်းပလဵတ်ႉ:Wikidata Infobox s:hi:साँचा:Wikidata Infobox/core yue:Template:維基數據乒乓波運動員明細, yue:Template:維基數據劍擊員明細, yue:Template:維基數據君主明細, yue:Template:維基數據柔道運動員明細, yue:Template:維基數據游水運動員明細, yue:Template:維基數據網球員明細, yue:Template:維基數據足球員明細, yue:Template:維基數據泳手明細 be-tarask:Шаблён:Этнас uk:Шаблон:Етнічна група ps:کينډۍ:Wikidata Infobox/core Please notify projects that use this property before big changes (renaming, deletion, merge with another property, etc.)

Value English (Q182) will be automatically replaced to value English (Q1860). Testing: TODO list

Value French (Q121842) will be automatically replaced to value French (Q150). Testing: TODO list

Value Germany (Q183) will be automatically replaced to value German (Q188). Testing: TODO list

Value Greece (Q41) will be automatically replaced to value Greek (Q9129). Testing: TODO list

Value Igbo people (Q244157) will be automatically replaced to value Igbo (Q33578). Testing: TODO list

Value Kingdom of the Netherlands (Q29999) will be automatically replaced to value Dutch (Q7411). Testing: TODO list

Value Odia people (Q1983634) will be automatically replaced to value Odia (Q33810). Testing: TODO list

Value Vietnam (Q881) will be automatically replaced to value Vietnamese (Q9199). Testing: TODO list

Value Yoruba people (Q190168) will be automatically replaced to value Yoruba (Q34311). Testing: TODO list

Wanted: Source or infobox parameter

Where can bots collect this data? Mange01 (talk) 23:47, 7 March 2013 (UTC)

Extension

Can we extend that property to books and newspapers ? Snipre (talk) 23:24, 27 March 2013 (UTC)

No. There are language of work or name (P407) and original language of film or TV show (P364). --Infovarius (talk) 07:53, 7 November 2016 (UTC)

Rename to language and merge with P:P364

As mentionned by others above, this property is also relevant for non-native languages (it certainly makes sense to say that Samuel Beckett is a French speaker). Can I rename this property ? When it is used without qualifiers, I think it can be assumed to mean "native language", though it will always be better to provide more detailed information.

If we do so, can we mege this property with P:P364 to create a general "language" property. I do not see any use it distinguishing people from works here. --Zolo (talk) 22:02, 5 April 2013 (UTC)

I know you love to merge and create experimental properties. But Wikidata is chaotic enough and people and works are two different things. "It can be assumed ..." is not a way to serious work. We need clearly defined properties for the infoboxes. Wikidata is an international project and it's hard enough to agree what we are talking about in English. --Kolja21 (talk) 23:06, 5 April 2013 (UTC)

On Samuel Beckett: It does not make sense to add all languages a person has learned in his life. What we need are two basic infos: 1.) What is the native language of the author? 2.) In what language he wrote the original version of a single work, for example Waiting for Godot? --Kolja21 (talk) 23:37, 5 April 2013 (UTC)

It is not necessary to add all languages, only those uttered in published works.--Giftzwerg 88 (talk) 13:23, 2 January 2015 (UTC)

Removal of the single value constraint

Why this property has a constraint of single value? It has a lot of constraint violations that may be (or may not be) valid data, we have to add all the people with more than one native language with an exception? Because I don't know on other places, but at least where I come from most of the children are native bilingual, and I'm sure that that's a common thing in more places in the world. -- Agabi10 (talk) 01:27, 7 October 2015 (UTC)

It's not an issue of there are some violations. Just avoid setting it to "mandatory=yes".

Clearly items that stand out on the report are problems: Q7626039, [[]]. --- Jura 06:34, 7 October 2015 (UTC)

Why is this a base separated property?

To have this property separated from languages spoken, written or signed (P1412) just adds an element of confusion. I would much prefer to see this merged to languages spoken, written or signed (P1412) and for it to have a qualifier that says native rather than make people have to know that it exists. Also in English it can be ambiguous as "a native language" can be considered different from "my native language."  — billinghurst sDrewth 21:44, 1 February 2016 (UTC)

Qualifiers aren't really easier to handle. If it's not a person's native language, don't add it to an item, use P1412 instead.
--- Jura 09:42, 13 March 2016 (UTC)

Extension from person to people

I've added ethnic group (Q41710) as possible type, because it is logical for an ethnos to have a native language. --Infovarius (talk) 07:58, 7 November 2016 (UTC)

Or is it better to use language used (P2936) for this purpose? --Infovarius (talk) 16:15, 28 May 2019 (UTC)

This should be merged with Q36870

I don't know how to do, but this property is the same as Q36870, so they should be merged. Xabier Armendaritz (talk) 15:15, 14 January 2017 (UTC)

Sorry, don't take my message above into account. I just have seen the difference — this property refers to the speaker, whereas first language (Q36870) refers to the language. Xabier Armendaritz (talk) 15:19, 14 January 2017 (UTC)

What is more: a property can not be the same as an item. They are different by nature. --Infovarius (talk) 19:22, 15 January 2017 (UTC)

Single values constraint

I removed the single values constraint. It does not make much sense as a lot of people have more than one native language. --Emu (talk) 11:19, 1 April 2021 (UTC)