The traditionally paternalistic society of Bhutan has over 52% women population whose contributio... more The traditionally paternalistic society of Bhutan has over 52% women population whose contribution to the country’s development process has not been empirically studied. Therefore, this study attempts to assess the role of women in various aspects of socio-economic domains, with the key objectives of determining the contribution of women in agriculture, livestock, trading, household activity and society including the level of their participation in decision making in these areas, and assessing the socio-economic status of women in rural Bhutanese society vis-à-vis their male counterparts. Data were collected using structured interview schedules and were analyzed using descriptive and non-parametric statistics.The study conducted in Chapcha Gewog concludes that women are the building block of a rural society and rural women play a more significant role than men. Yet, results exert that men are economically more productive and despite the greater proportion of their contribution to rural development, it was notable that the higher women population has compensated the lesser numbered men’s role in agriculture and livestock.
... 169 References. ... . 169 Introductory Remarks. A FAIRLY complete survey of general statistic... more ... 169 References. ... . 169 Introductory Remarks. A FAIRLY complete survey of general statistical methods appropriate to experimental problems in agriculture has by now been given to this Section. ... Page 3. 1937] of Research in Agriculture and Applied Biology. 139 ...
An increasing body of evidence suggests that microorganisms are far more sensitive to heavy metal... more An increasing body of evidence suggests that microorganisms are far more sensitive to heavy metal stress than soil animals or plants growing on the same soils. Not surprisingly, most studies of heavy metal toxicity to soil microorganisms have concentrated on effects where loss of microbial function can be observed and yet such studies may mask underlying effects on biodiversity within microbial populations and communities. The types of evidence which are available for determining critical metal concentrations or loadings for microbial processes and populations in agricultural soil are assessed, particularly in relation to the agricultural use of sewage sludge. Much of the confusion in deriving critical toxic concentrations of heavy metals in soils arises from comparison of experimental results based on short-term laboratory ecotoxicological studies with results from monitoring of long-term exposures of microbial populations to heavy metals in field experiments. The laboratory studies in effect measure responses to immediate, acute toxicity (disturbance) whereas the monitoring of field experiments measures responses to long-term chronic toxicity (stress) which accumulates gradually. Laboratory ecotoxicological studies are the most easily conducted and by far the most numerous, but are difficult to extrapolate meaningfully to toxic effects likely to occur in the field. Using evidence primarily derived from long-term field experiments, a hypothesis is formulated to explain how microorganisms may become affected by gradually increasing soil metal concentrations and this is discussed in relation to defining “safe” or “critical” soil metal loadings for soil protection.
A proposal is made for a new model of agricultural development which will include technological a... more A proposal is made for a new model of agricultural development which will include technological and institutional change as factors endogenous to the economic system. ... Title Agricultural development: an international perspective. ...
Nutrient (C, N, and P) concentration changes were measured in surface runoff and shallow groundwa... more Nutrient (C, N, and P) concentration changes were measured in surface runoff and shallow groundwater as they moved through a small agricultural (cropland) watershed located in Maryland. During the study period (March 1981 to March 1982), dramatic changes in water—borne nutrient ...
THIS edition is very much the same as the last one except that it contains extra tables, (1) for ... more THIS edition is very much the same as the last one except that it contains extra tables, (1) for testing significance between means obtained by different methods, (2) giving limits of expectation for binomial and Poisson distributions, and (3) showing densities of organisms estimated ...
Insert size and SD are calculated from assembly of mates on contigs. †% Mates is based on laborat... more Insert size and SD are calculated from assembly of mates on contigs. †% Mates is based on laboratory tracking of sequencing runs. 825 bases contributed by all centers were shredded into faux reads resulting in 2.96ϫ coverage of the genome.
The traditionally paternalistic society of Bhutan has over 52% women population whose contributio... more The traditionally paternalistic society of Bhutan has over 52% women population whose contribution to the country’s development process has not been empirically studied. Therefore, this study attempts to assess the role of women in various aspects of socio-economic domains, with the key objectives of determining the contribution of women in agriculture, livestock, trading, household activity and society including the level of their participation in decision making in these areas, and assessing the socio-economic status of women in rural Bhutanese society vis-à-vis their male counterparts. Data were collected using structured interview schedules and were analyzed using descriptive and non-parametric statistics.The study conducted in Chapcha Gewog concludes that women are the building block of a rural society and rural women play a more significant role than men. Yet, results exert that men are economically more productive and despite the greater proportion of their contribution to rural development, it was notable that the higher women population has compensated the lesser numbered men’s role in agriculture and livestock.
... 169 References. ... . 169 Introductory Remarks. A FAIRLY complete survey of general statistic... more ... 169 References. ... . 169 Introductory Remarks. A FAIRLY complete survey of general statistical methods appropriate to experimental problems in agriculture has by now been given to this Section. ... Page 3. 1937] of Research in Agriculture and Applied Biology. 139 ...
An increasing body of evidence suggests that microorganisms are far more sensitive to heavy metal... more An increasing body of evidence suggests that microorganisms are far more sensitive to heavy metal stress than soil animals or plants growing on the same soils. Not surprisingly, most studies of heavy metal toxicity to soil microorganisms have concentrated on effects where loss of microbial function can be observed and yet such studies may mask underlying effects on biodiversity within microbial populations and communities. The types of evidence which are available for determining critical metal concentrations or loadings for microbial processes and populations in agricultural soil are assessed, particularly in relation to the agricultural use of sewage sludge. Much of the confusion in deriving critical toxic concentrations of heavy metals in soils arises from comparison of experimental results based on short-term laboratory ecotoxicological studies with results from monitoring of long-term exposures of microbial populations to heavy metals in field experiments. The laboratory studies in effect measure responses to immediate, acute toxicity (disturbance) whereas the monitoring of field experiments measures responses to long-term chronic toxicity (stress) which accumulates gradually. Laboratory ecotoxicological studies are the most easily conducted and by far the most numerous, but are difficult to extrapolate meaningfully to toxic effects likely to occur in the field. Using evidence primarily derived from long-term field experiments, a hypothesis is formulated to explain how microorganisms may become affected by gradually increasing soil metal concentrations and this is discussed in relation to defining “safe” or “critical” soil metal loadings for soil protection.
A proposal is made for a new model of agricultural development which will include technological a... more A proposal is made for a new model of agricultural development which will include technological and institutional change as factors endogenous to the economic system. ... Title Agricultural development: an international perspective. ...
Nutrient (C, N, and P) concentration changes were measured in surface runoff and shallow groundwa... more Nutrient (C, N, and P) concentration changes were measured in surface runoff and shallow groundwater as they moved through a small agricultural (cropland) watershed located in Maryland. During the study period (March 1981 to March 1982), dramatic changes in water—borne nutrient ...
THIS edition is very much the same as the last one except that it contains extra tables, (1) for ... more THIS edition is very much the same as the last one except that it contains extra tables, (1) for testing significance between means obtained by different methods, (2) giving limits of expectation for binomial and Poisson distributions, and (3) showing densities of organisms estimated ...
Insert size and SD are calculated from assembly of mates on contigs. †% Mates is based on laborat... more Insert size and SD are calculated from assembly of mates on contigs. †% Mates is based on laboratory tracking of sequencing runs. 825 bases contributed by all centers were shredded into faux reads resulting in 2.96ϫ coverage of the genome.
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