El-Gazzar et al., 1991 - Google Patents

Ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis in dairy technology: a review

El-Gazzar et al., 1991

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Document ID
4437126937200077903
Author
El-Gazzar F
Marth E
Publication year
Publication venue
Journal of Food Protection

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Ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis processes can be useful in the dairy foods industry. When milk is processed, milk fat and casein are rejected fully (eg, are in retentate) and thus are concentrated by ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis membranes. Lactic cultures are slow to …
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; THEIR TREATMENT, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER, CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
    • A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
    • A23C9/14—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations in which the chemical composition of the milk is modified by non-chemical treatment
    • A23C9/142—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations in which the chemical composition of the milk is modified by non-chemical treatment by dialysis, reverse osmosis or ultrafiltration
    • A23C9/1422—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations in which the chemical composition of the milk is modified by non-chemical treatment by dialysis, reverse osmosis or ultrafiltration by ultrafiltration, microfiltration or diafiltration of milk, e.g. for separating protein and lactose; Treatment of the UF permeate
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; THEIR TREATMENT, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER, CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
    • A23C19/00—Cheese; Cheese preparations; Making thereof
    • A23C19/02—Making cheese curd
    • A23C19/032—Making cheese curd characterised by the use of specific micro-organisms, or enzymes of microbial origin
    • A23C19/0323—Making cheese curd characterised by the use of specific micro-organisms, or enzymes of microbial origin using only lactic acid bacteria, e.g. Pediococcus and Leuconostoc species; Bifidobacteria; Microbial starters in general
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; THEIR TREATMENT, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER, CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
    • A23C19/00—Cheese; Cheese preparations; Making thereof
    • A23C19/02—Making cheese curd
    • A23C19/05—Treating milk before coagulation; Separating whey from curd
    • A23C19/054—Treating milk before coagulation; Separating whey from curd using additives other than acidifying agents, NaCl, CaCl2, dairy products, proteins, fats, enzymes or micro-organisms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; THEIR TREATMENT, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER, CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
    • A23C19/00—Cheese; Cheese preparations; Making thereof
    • A23C19/02—Making cheese curd
    • A23C19/028—Making cheese curd without substantial whey separation from coagulated milk
    • A23C19/0285—Making cheese curd without substantial whey separation from coagulated milk by dialysis or ultrafiltration
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; THEIR TREATMENT, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER, CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
    • A23C19/00—Cheese; Cheese preparations; Making thereof
    • A23C19/06—Treating cheese curd after whey separation; Products obtained thereby
    • A23C19/068—Particular types of cheese
    • A23C19/0684—Soft uncured Italian cheeses, e.g. Mozarella, Ricotta, Pasta filata cheese; Other similar stretched cheeses
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; THEIR TREATMENT, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER, CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
    • A23C19/00—Cheese; Cheese preparations; Making thereof
    • A23C19/02—Making cheese curd
    • A23C19/05—Treating milk before coagulation; Separating whey from curd
    • A23C19/052—Acidifying only by chemical or physical means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; THEIR TREATMENT, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER, CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
    • A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
    • A23C9/12—Fermented milk preparations; Treatment using micro-organisms or enzymes
    • A23C9/123—Fermented milk preparations; Treatment using micro-organisms or enzymes using only micro-organisms of the genus lactobacteriaceae; Yoghurt
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; THEIR TREATMENT, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER, CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
    • A23C19/00—Cheese; Cheese preparations; Making thereof
    • A23C19/06—Treating cheese curd after whey separation; Products obtained thereby
    • A23C19/063—Addition of, or treatment with, enzymes or cell-free extracts of micro-organisms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; THEIR TREATMENT, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER, CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
    • A23C19/00—Cheese; Cheese preparations; Making thereof
    • A23C19/02—Making cheese curd
    • A23C19/05—Treating milk before coagulation; Separating whey from curd
    • A23C19/053—Enrichment of milk with whey, whey components, substances recovered from separated whey, isolated or concentrated proteins from milk
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; THEIR TREATMENT, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER, CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
    • A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
    • A23C9/152—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations containing additives
    • A23C9/156—Flavoured milk preparations; Addition of fruits, vegetables, sugars, sugar alcohols, sweeteners
    • A23C9/1565—Acidified milk products, e.g. milk flavoured with fruit juices
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; THEIR TREATMENT, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER, CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
    • A23C19/00—Cheese; Cheese preparations; Making thereof
    • A23C19/097—Preservation
    • A23C19/10—Addition of preservatives
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; THEIR TREATMENT, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER, CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
    • A23C19/00—Cheese; Cheese preparations; Making thereof
    • A23C19/14—Treating cheese after having reached its definite form, e.g. ripening, smoking
    • A23C19/16—Covering the cheese surface, e.g. with paraffin wax
    • A23C19/163—Covering the cheese surface, e.g. with paraffin wax with a non-edible liquid or semi-liquid coating, e.g. wax, polymer dispersions
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; THEIR TREATMENT, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER, CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
    • A23C2210/00—Physical treatment of dairy products
    • A23C2210/20—Treatment using membranes, including sterile filtration
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; THEIR TREATMENT, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER, CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
    • A23C13/00—Cream; Cream preparations; Making thereof
    • A23C13/12—Cream preparations
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; THEIR TREATMENT, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER, CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
    • A23C2220/00—Biochemical treatment
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; THEIR TREATMENT, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER, CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
    • A23C2240/00—Use or particular additives or ingredients
    • A23C2240/20—Inert gas treatment, using, e.g. noble gases or CO2, including CO2 liberated by chemical reaction; Carbonation of milk products
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; THEIR TREATMENT, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER, CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
    • A23C3/00—Preservation of milk or milk preparations
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; THEIR TREATMENT, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23J—PROTEIN COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS; WORKING-UP PROTEINS FOR FOODSTUFFS; PHOSPHATIDE COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS
    • A23J1/00—Obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs; Bulk opening of eggs and separation of yolks from whites
    • A23J1/20—Obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs; Bulk opening of eggs and separation of yolks from whites from milk, e.g. casein; from whey
    • A23J1/205—Obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs; Bulk opening of eggs and separation of yolks from whites from milk, e.g. casein; from whey from whey, e.g. lactalbumine
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; THEIR TREATMENT, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23J—PROTEIN COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS; WORKING-UP PROTEINS FOR FOODSTUFFS; PHOSPHATIDE COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS
    • A23J3/00—Working-up of proteins for foodstuffs
    • A23J3/04—Animal proteins

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