WO2023211453A1

WO2023211453A1 - Decay rates and luminance values of display panels

Info

Publication number: WO2023211453A1
Application number: PCT/US2022/026835
Authority: WO
Inventors: Hsing-Hung Hsieh; Yuan-Hsi CHUNG; Super Liao
Original assignee: Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.
Priority date: 2022-04-28
Filing date: 2022-04-28
Publication date: 2023-11-02

Abstract

In some examples, an electronic device includes a light-emitting diode (LED) display panel and a controller. The controller determines decay rates for pixels of the LED display panel based on luminance values of image data and modifies the luminance values displayed by the pixels based on the decay rates.

Description

DECAY RATES AND LUMINANCE VALUES OF DISPLAY PANELS

BACKGROUND

[0001] Electronic devices such as televisions, notebooks, laptops, desktops, tablets, and smartphones are equipped with display panels. Some types of display panels, such as organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) display panels, mini-light- emitting diodes (mini-LEDs) display panels, or micro-light-emitting diodes (microLEDs) display panels, enable modification of a color scale value, a luminance value, or a combination thereof, of an individual pixel or small groups of pixels.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0002] Various examples are described below referring to the following figures.

[0003] FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a method for modifying luminance values of pixels of a display panel, in accordance with various examples.

[0004] FIGS. 2A and 2B are examples of an electronic device for modifying luminance values of pixels of a display panel, in accordance with various examples. [0005] FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an electronic device for modifying luminance values of pixels of a display panel, in accordance with various examples.

[0006] FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an electronic device for modifying luminance values of pixels of a display panel, in accordance with various examples.

[0007] FIGS. 5A and 5B are examples of an electronic device for modifying luminance values of pixels of a display panel, in accordance with various examples. [0008] FIG. 6 is an example of an electronic device for modifying luminance values of pixels of a display panel, in accordance with various examples.

[0009] FIG. 7 is a flow diagram of a method for modifying luminance values of pixels of a display panel, in accordance with various examples.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0010] As described above, some electronic devices are equipped with display panels that enable modification of a luminance value, a color scale value, or a combination thereof, of an individual pixel or small groups of pixels. Governmental standards or regulations establish threshold values for power consumption of a display panel. The display panel that enables the modification of the individual pixel or the small group of pixels may include power saving features because, in some situations, enabling the modification of the pixel or the small group of pixels increases power consumption.

[0011] The power saving features include edge dimming, dynamic contrasting, or other suitable power saving techniques. Edge dimming, as used herein, indicates that luminance values, color scale values, or a combination thereof, of a central region of the display panel are maintained while the luminance values, the color scale values, or the combination thereof, of a peripheral region of the display panel are modified to have different values from initial values of the image data. Dynamic contrasting, as used herein, indicates that a contrast within an image is modified. The contrast is modified by modifying the luminance values, the color scale values, or the combination thereof, of the pixels of the display panel, for instance.

[0012] In some situations, due to the ability to control the individual pixel or the small group of pixels, some pixels of the display panel may retain residual traces of an image because of a residual charge, a variation in timing, or a combination thereof. “Image sticking,” as used herein, refers to a pixel retaining a residual trace of an image despite a refresh of the display panel. In some instances, “burn in,” a form of image sticking, occurs when an image remains in a location for a time period and residual traces of the image (e.g., an outline, a background color value) remain despite the pixel displaying another image. Due to the variability of controlling the individual pixel or the small group of pixels, the pixels of the display panel decay at different rates over a lifetime of the display panel. The different decay rates result in different levels of brightness achievable by the individual pixels, leading to some pixels of the display panel being dimmer than other pixels of the display panel despite having equivalent luminance values.

[0013] This description describes a controller of an electronic device that utilizes decay rates of pixels of image data to modify luminance values of pixels of a display panel of the electronic device. The controller receives the image data that includes luminance values for pixels of an image. The controller determines decay rates of the pixels of the display panel using the luminance values. In some examples, the controller determines the decay rates by comparing the luminance values for the pixels to luminance values and associated decay rates stored to a storage device of the electronic device, for example. Based on the decay rates, the controller modifies the luminance values for the pixels of the display panel that are associated with the pixels of the image.

[0014] In some examples, in response to a decay rate for a pixel being greater than an upper limit of a tolerance range, the controller modifies the luminance value, a color scale value, or a combination thereof, to be less than the luminance value, the color scale value, or the combination thereof, received in the image data. In response to the decay rate for the pixel being less than a lower limit of the tolerance range, the controller modifies the luminance value, the color scale value, or the combination thereof, to be greater than the luminance value, the color scale value, or the combination thereof, received in the image data. The controller causes the display panel to display the image using the modified luminance values, the modified color scale values, or the combination thereof.

[0015] Determining the decay rates and modifying the luminance values, the color scale values, or the combination thereof, of some pixels to have lower values than received via the image data while maintaining the luminance values, the color scale values, or the combination thereof, received via the image data for other pixels conserves power of the electronic device that includes the display panel. Modifying the luminance values, the color scale values, or the combination thereof, of pixels to have different values than those received via the image data maintains the decay rates of the pixels of the display panel within a specified range. Maintaining the decay rates of the pixels of the display panel within the specified range enables the pixels to decay over time in a manner that maintains the picture quality.

[0016] In some examples in accordance with the present description, an electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes a light-emitting diode (LED) display panel and a controller. The controller determines decay rates for pixels of the LED display panel based on luminance values of image data and modifies the luminance values displayed by the pixels based on the decay rates.

[0017] In some examples in accordance with the present description, an electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes a display panel having multiple pixels and a controller. The controller determines a decay rate for a pixel of the multiple pixels based on a first luminance value of image data for the pixel. In response to the decay rate being greater than a first threshold, the controller causes the pixel to have the first luminance value. In response to the decay rate being greater than a second threshold, the controller causes the pixel to have a second luminance value, where the second luminance value is less than the first luminance value.

[0018] In some examples, a non-transitory machine-readable medium storing machine-readable instructions is provided. The term “non-transitory,” as used herein, does not encompass transitory propagating signals. The machine-readable instructions, when executed by a controller of an electronic device, cause the controller to determine a decay rate for a pixel of a display panel of the electronic device based on image data. The image data includes a first luminance value for the pixel. In response to the decay rate being greater than an upper limit of a tolerance range, the machine-readable instructions, when executed by the controller, cause the controller to cause the pixel of the display panel to have a second luminance value, where the second luminance value is less than the first luminance value. In response to the decay rate being less than a lower limit of the tolerance range, the machine-readable instructions, when executed by the controller, cause the controller to cause the pixel of the display panel to have a third luminance value, where the third luminance value is greater than the first luminance value.

[0019] Referring now to FIG. 1 , a flow diagram of a method 100 for modifying luminance values of pixels of a display panel is shown, in accordance with various examples. The method 100 includes receiving, by an electronic device, image data that includes luminance values for pixels of an image (102). The method 100 also includes determining decay rates of pixels of a display panel of the electronic device using the luminance values for the pixels of the image (104). Additionally, the method 100 includes modifying luminance values for the pixels of the display panel that are associated with the pixels of the image based on the decay rates (106). The method 100 includes displaying, by the electronic device, the image using the modified luminance values (108). [0020] In various examples, the method 100 also includes receiving, by the display panel, the image data that includes color scale values for the pixels of the image. The method 100 also includes determining the decay rates of the pixels of the display panel using the color scale values for the pixels of the image. Additionally, the method 100 includes modifying the color scale values for the pixels of the display panel that are associated with the pixels of the image based on the decay rates. The method 100 includes displaying, by the display panel, the image using the modified color scale values.

[0021] In some examples, the method 100 also includes receiving, by the display panel, the image data that includes the luminance values, the color scale values, or the combination thereof, for the pixels of the image. The method 100 also includes determining the decay rates of the pixels of the display panel using the luminance values, the color scale values, or the combination thereof, for the pixels of the image. Additionally, the method 100 includes modifying the luminance values, the color scale values, or the combination thereof, for the pixels of the display panel that are associated with the pixels of the image based on the decay rates. The method 100 includes displaying, by the display panel, the image using the modified luminance values, the modified color scale values, or the combination thereof.

[0022] While in some examples, the color scale value is a grayscale color scale value of a grayscale color model, in other examples, the image data includes multiple color scale values that include a color scale value for different color ranges of another color model. For example, a Red Green Blue (RGB) color model includes a first color scale value for the red color range, a second color scale value for the green color range, and a third color scale value for the blue color range. In some examples, the data structure includes different decay rates for the different color scale values of the RGB color model. In other examples, the method 100 includes converting the RGB color scale values of the pixel to a grayscale color scale value, and the data structure includes different decay rates for the different color scale value of the grayscale color. In various examples, the data structure includes different decay rates for the different color scale values of multiple color scale models. [0023] In various examples, the method 100 is implemented by an electronic device. The electronic device is the display panel, for example. The electronic device receives the image data from an application executing on the electronic device, for example. An application, as used herein, is implemented via machine- readable instructions, which, when executed by a controller of the electronic device, causes the controller to perform specified operations. The image is text, a picture, or any other suitable data for display via the display panel. In another example, the electronic device receives the image data from another electronic device communicatively coupled to the electronic device. For example, the electronic device is a standalone display device coupled to the another electronic device via a docking station.

[0024] In some examples, the display panel is an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display panel, a mini-light-emitting diode (mini-LED) display panel, a microLED display panel, or other display panel having individually adjustable pixels, adjustable zones of pixels, or a combination thereof. In some examples, the display panel is an integrated display panel of the electronic device. The electronic device is an OLED television, a mini-LED monitor, or a smartphone having a micro-LED touchscreen, for example. In other examples, the display panel is a display panel of a standalone electronic device communicatively coupled to another electronic device via a wired connection (e.g., Universal Serial Bus (USB), High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI), Video Graphics Array (VGA), Digital Visual Interface (DVI), DisplayPort (DP), or other suitable standard or specification for communicating with display panels), or a wireless connection (e.g., WI-FI®, BLUETOOTH®).

[0025] The method 100 includes determining the decay rates of the pixels of the display panel utilizing data stored to a data structure, for example. A data structure, as used herein, is a block of memory addresses of a storage device. The memory addresses include data stored and accessible in a way that indicates relationships between various pieces of the data. The data structure is a list, a database, an array, or any other suitable structure that links a piece of data to another piece of data, for example. The storage device is a storage device of the electronic device, for example. [0026] In various examples, the data structure includes data for decay rates of the pixels in relation to different luminance values of a luminance range, different color scale values of a color scale range, or a combination thereof. A luminance range for a display panel is 0 to 1000 nits and a color scale range for the display panel is 0 to 255, for example. In some examples, a first luminance value is associated with a first decay rate, a first color scale value is associated with a second decay rate, and a combination of the first luminance value and the first color scale value is associated with a third decay rate. In other examples, the first decay rate, the second decay rate, and the third decay rate are different decay rates. In other examples, the first decay rate is equivalent to the second decay rate and the third decay rate is different than the first decay rate. In various examples, the data structure includes decay rates based on color scale values for different color models.

[0027] In some examples, the method 100 includes comparing the luminance value, the color scale value, or the combination thereof, of the image data for a pixel to data stored to the data structure to determine the decay rate for the pixel. In various examples, the method 100 includes calculating an average decay rate, or a mean decay rate, for the pixels of the image data. For example, the method 100 includes summing the decay rates for the pixels of the image data and dividing a result of the summation by a total number of the pixels of the image data to determine the average decay rate. The method 100 includes determining a standard deviation for the decay rates. The standard deviation, as used herein, is an amount of variance between the decay rates. For example, the method 100 includes determining deviations of the decay rates for the pixels of the image data from the average decay rate, squaring the deviations, and summing the squares of the deviations. The method 100 includes determining a variance by dividing the summation of the squares of the deviations by the total number of pixels of the image data. The method 100 includes determining a square root of the variance to determine the standard deviation. [0028] In various examples, the method 100 includes determining whether a decay rate for a pixel is outside a first standard deviation of the average decay rate. In some examples, the first standard deviation is referred to as a tolerance range. A lower limit of the tolerance range is equivalent to a result of the standard deviation subtracted from the average decay rate. An upper limit of the tolerance range is equivalent to a result of the standard deviation summed with the average decay rate. In response to a determination that the decay rate for the pixel is outside the tolerance range, the method 100 includes modifying the luminance value, the color scale value, or the combination thereof. For example, in response to a determination that the decay rate for the pixel is less than the lower limit of the tolerance range, the method 100 includes modifying the luminance value, the color scale value, or the combination thereof to be greater than the luminance value, the color scale value, or the combination thereof, of the image data for the pixel. In another example, in response to a determination that the decay rate for the pixel is greater than the upper limit of the tolerance range, the method 100 includes modifying the luminance value, the color scale value, or the combination thereof to be less than the luminance value, the color scale value, or the combination thereof, of the image data for the pixel.

[0029] In other examples, the tolerance range is based on differences in brightness that are perceivable by a human eye. For example, the tolerance range is determined by multiplying the average decay rate by a brightness delta which indicates when the human eye perceives a change in brightness. The brightness delta is 1 % to 5%, for example. In some examples, an upper limit of the tolerance range is determined by converting the brightness delta to a decimal value, summing the decimal value with one, and multiplying the average decay rate by a result of the summation. For example, in response to the brightness delta being 1 %:

Upper limit = average decay rate * (1 + 0.01 ) A lower limit of the tolerance range is determined by converting the brightness delta to a decimal value, subtracting the decimal value from one, and multiplying the average decay rate by a result of the subtraction. For example, in response to the brightness delta being 5%:

Lower limit = average decay rate * (1 - 0.05)

[0030] In some examples, in response to the decay rate for the pixel being within the tolerance range, the method 100 includes causing the display, by the display panel, the image using the luminance value, the color scale value, or the combination thereof, of the image data for the pixel. For example, in response to the decay rate for the pixel being equivalent to or greater than the lower limit of the tolerance range and equivalent to or less than the upper limit of the tolerance range, the method 100 includes causing the display, by the display panel, the image without modification of the luminance value, the color scale value, or the combination thereof, of the image data for the pixel.

[0031] In various examples, the data structure includes a total lifetime, a remaining lifetime, amounts by which the lifetime decreases based on decay rates, or a combination thereof, for the pixels of the display panel. A total lifetime, as used herein, refers to a total number of hours of operation time for a pixel from a time of manufacture. A remaining lifetime, as used herein, refers to a number of hours of operation time remaining before the pixel is no longer able to display image data. The remaining lifetime is determined by multiplying an amount by which the lifetime decreases that is associated with a decay rate with a duration during which the pixel has the decay rate, and subtracting a result of the multiplication from a previous remaining lifetime, where the previous remaining lifetime is the value stored to the data structure. A result of the subtraction is stored to the data structure as the remaining lifetime (e.g., the result of the subtraction replaces the previous remaining lifetime stored to the data structure).

[0032] In some examples, the method 100 includes comparing the luminance value, the color scale value, or the combination thereof, of the image data for a pixel to data stored to the data structure to determine the decay rate for the pixel. In various examples, in response to a determination that the decay rate for the pixel modifies the remaining lifetime by an amount that is greater than a first threshold, the method 100 includes modifying the luminance value, the color scale value, or the combination thereof to be less than the luminance value, the color scale value, or the combination thereof, of the image data for the pixel. In other examples, in response to a determination that the decay rate for the pixel modifies the remaining lifetime by an amount that is less than a second threshold, the method 100 includes modifying the luminance value, the color scale value, or the combination thereof to be greater than the luminance value, the color scale value, or the combination thereof, of the image data for the pixel. In various examples, the first threshold is a first percentage, the second threshold is a second percentage, and the second percentage is less than the first percentage. The method 100 includes determining the remaining lifetime for the pixel based on the luminance value, the color scale value, or the combination thereof, displayed by the display panel and storing the remaining lifetime for the pixel to the storage device. For example, the method 100 includes determining an amount of time by which the decay rate reduces the remaining lifetime, subtracting the amount of time from the remaining lifetime, and storing a result of the subtraction as the remaining lifetime.

[0033] In some examples, the method 100 includes modifying the luminance value, the color scale value, or the combination thereof, of the image data by a specified multiplier. In some examples, the specified multiplier is based on a number of the standard deviations within which the deviation for the pixel is disposed. For example, in response to the deviation for the pixel being within a second standard deviation, the method 100 includes modifying the luminance value, the color scale value, or the combination thereof, of the image data by a first specified multiplier. In another example, in response to the deviation for the pixel being within a third standard deviation, the method 100 includes modifying the luminance value, the color scale value, or the combination thereof, of the image data by a second specified multiplier.

[0034] In other examples, the specified multiplier is based on differences in brightness that are perceivable by a human eye. For example, the specified multiplier is determined by multiplying the luminance value, the color scale value, or the combination thereof, by the brightness delta. In examples in which the luminance value, the color scale value, or the combination thereof, is modified to be greater than the luminance value, the color scale value, or the combination thereof received via the image data, the multiplier is determined by converting the brightness delta to a decimal value and summing the decimal value with one. In examples in which the luminance value, the color scale value, or the combination thereof, is modified to be less than the luminance value, the color scale value, or the combination thereof received via the image data, the multiplier is determined by converting the brightness delta to a decimal value and subtracting the decimal value from one.

[0035] While the luminance range, the color scale range, or the combination thereof, of the display panel is represented by a decimal scale (e.g., 0 - 1000, 0 - 255), in other examples, the luminance range, the color scale range, or the combination thereof, are represented using a hexadecimal scale (e.g., OOh - 3E8h, OOh - FFh).

[0036] In some examples, the data structure storing data for modifying the luminance values, the color scale values, or the combination thereof, is determined at a time of manufacture. For example, the decay rates associated with the different luminance or the different color scale values, the luminance range, the color scale range, the tolerance range, the total lifetime, the remaining lifetime, the thresholds, the multipliers, or the combination thereof, are stored to the storage device of the electronic device at the time of manufacture. In various examples, the luminance range, the color scale model, or the combination thereof, are determined at the time of manufacture. For example, the luminance range of the display panel is 0 — 250 nits, 0 - 350 nits, 0 - 400 nits, 0 - 1000 nits, or some other suitable range determined at the time of manufacture. The color scale model is set to an RGB color model at the time of manufacture, for example.

[0037] In various examples, utilizing a graphical user interface (GUI) of an application, the user specifies the luminance range, the color scale model, data of the data structure, or the combination thereof. For example, a user of the electronic device specifies the luminance range as a subset of the luminance range determined at the time of manufacture utilizing the GUI. For example, utilizing the GUI, the user specifies a luminance range of 0 - 600 nits for a display panel having a luminance range determined at the time of manufacture as 0 - 1000 nits. In some examples, the manufacturer of the electronic device specifies the decay rates associated with the different luminance or the different color scale values, the luminance range, the color scale range, the tolerance range, the total lifetime, the remaining lifetime, the thresholds, the multipliers, or the combination thereof, at the time of manufacture, and the user modifies the specified values using the GUI.

[0038] Determining the decay rates and modifying the luminance values, the color scale values, or the combination thereof, of some pixels to have lower values than those received in image data for the pixels while maintaining the luminance values, the color scale values, or the combination thereof, of other pixels of the image data conserves power of the electronic device including the display panel. Maintaining the decay rates of the pixels of the display panel within the specified range enables the pixels to decay over time in a manner that maintains the picture quality.

[0039] Referring now to FIGS. 2A and 2B, examples of an electronic device 200 modifying luminance values of pixels of a display panel 202 are shown, in accordance with various examples. The electronic device 200 is a desktop, laptop, notebook, tablet, smartphone, or other suitable computing device able to modify luminance values of pixels of the display panel 202. A display panel 202A and a display panel 202B are collectively referred to as the display panel 202. In various examples, the display panel 202 is an LED display panel. The display panel 202 is an OLED display panel, a mini-LED display panel, or a micro-LED display panel, for example. The electronic device 200 performs the method 100 to modify luminance values of pixels of the display panel 202, for example. The electronic device 200 causes the display panel 202 to display image data that includes multiple horizontal black lines against a white background. In some examples, the color scale range for the display panel 202 is 0 - 255, and the luminance range for the display panel 202 is 0 - 600 nits. A black pixel of the image data has a color scale value of 0 and a luminance value of 0 nits, and a white pixel of the image data has a color scale value of 255 and a luminance value of 600 nits, for example. [0040] Referring now to FIG. 2A, an example of the electronic device 200 causing the display panel 202A to display image data without modifying the luminance values of pixels of the display panel 202A is shown. Luminance values of the pixels of the display panel 202A displaying the black lines are 0 nits, for example. Luminance values of the pixels of the display panel 202A displaying the white background are 600 nits, for example.

[0041] Referring now to FIG. 2B, an example of the electronic device 200 causing the display panel 202B to display the image data with modified luminance values is shown. Luminance values of the pixels of the display panel 202B displaying the black lines are unmodified, for example. Luminance values of the pixels of the display panel 202B displaying the white background are modified to 500 nits, as indicated by the black-dotted white background, for example.

[0042] Referring now to FIGS. 2A and 2B, in some examples, the electronic device 200 determines the decay rates for the pixels of the image data displayed by the display panel 202A. The electronic device 200 determines the decay rates using the techniques described above with respect to FIG. 1 , for example. In response to a determination that a decay rate for a pixel of the image data is equivalent to or greater than a specified threshold, the electronic device 200 modifies the luminance value for the pixel as displayed by the display panel 202B. [0043] For example, the electronic device 200 determines that the decay rates for the pixels of the image data that are black lines are 0% and the decay rates for the pixels of the image data that are the white background are 0.1 %. The electronic device 200 determines the decay rates for the black lines are less than the specified threshold and causes the display panel 202B to display the black lines having unmodified luminance values, as shown in FIG. 2B. The electronic device 200 determines the decay rates for the white background are equivalent to or greater than the specified threshold and causes the display panel 202B to display the background having modified luminance values, as indicated by the black-dotted white background in FIG. 2B.

[0044] In various examples, the electronic device 200 determines multipliers based on the decay rates that are equivalent to or greater than the specified threshold. The electronic device 200 determines the multipliers using the techniques described above with respect to FIG. 1 , for example. For example, the electronic device 200 determines that a deviation for a pixel of the white background is within 3 standard deviations from an average decay rate of the image data. The electronic device 200 determines the multiplier associated with the third standard deviation using the data structure. The electronic device 200 determines the multiplier for pixels associated with the third standard deviation is 0.83, for example. The electronic device 200 modifies the luminance values of the image data for the pixels associated with the white background by multiplying the 0.83 by 600 nits, for example. The electronic device 200 modifies the luminance values of the pixels of the white background of the image data from 600 nits to 500 nits, for example.

[0045] Referring now to FIG. 3, a block diagram of an electronic device 300 for modifying luminance values of pixels 312-380 of a display panel 306 is shown, in accordance with various examples. The electronic device 300 is the electronic device 200, for example. The electronic device 300 includes a controller 302, a storage device 304, and the display panel 306. The controller 302 is a microcontroller, a microcomputer, a programmable integrated circuit, a programmable gate array, or other suitable device for managing operations of the electronic device 300 or a component or multiple components of the electronic device 300. For example, the controller 302 is a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), or an embedded security controller (EpSC). The storage device 304 is a hard drive, a solid-state drive (SSD), flash memory, random access memory (RAM), or other suitable memory for storing data or machine- readable instructions of the electronic device 300. The display panel 306 is the display panel 202, for example. The display panel 306 includes pixels 312, 314, 316, 318, 320, 322, 324, 326, 328, 330, 332, 334, 336, 338, 340, 342, 344, 346, 348, 350, 352, 354, 356, 358, 360, 362, 364, 366, 368, 370, 372, 374, 376, 378, 380, which are referred to as the pixels 312-380 collectively.

[0046] While not explicitly shown, in some examples, the electronic device 300 includes network interfaces, video adapters, sound cards, local buses, peripheral devices (e.g., a keyboard, a mouse, a touchpad, a speaker, a microphone), driver circuitry to drive the pixels 312-380, or a combination thereof. In various examples, the controller 302 is coupled to the storage device 304 and the display panel 306. In some examples, the controller 302 is coupled to the pixels 312-380 via driver circuitry. [0047] In various examples, the storage device 304 stores machine-readable instructions 308, 310, which, when executed by the controller 302, cause the controller 302 to perform some or all of the actions attributed herein to the controller 302. The machine-readable instructions 308, 310, when executed by the controller 302, cause the controller 302 to perform some or all of the method 100, for example. The machine-readable instructions 308, 310, when executed by the controller 302, cause the controller 302 to modify luminance values of pixels of the display panel 306, for example. The machine-readable instruction 308, when executed by the controller 302, causes the controller 302 to determine decay rates for the pixels 312-380 of the display panel 306 based on luminance values of image data. The machine-readable instruction 310, when executed by the controller 302, causes the controller 302 to modify the luminance values displayed by the pixels 312-380 based on the decay rates.

[0048] As described above with respect to FIG. 1 , in some examples, the controller 302 receives the image data that includes the luminance values, the color scale values, or the combination thereof, for the pixels of an image. The controller 302 determines the decay rates for the pixels 312-380 using the luminance values of the image data to determine the decay rates, as described above with respect to FIG. 1 , for example. In another example, the controller 302 determines the decay rates based on the luminance values, the color scale values, or the combination thereof, as described above with respect to FIG. 1 .

[0049] In some examples, the controller 302 modifies the luminance values, the color scale values, or the combination thereof, based on the decay rates. For example, the controller 302 determines whether a first decay rate of the decay rates for a first pixel of the pixels is within a tolerance range. In response to the first decay rate being greater than an upper limit of the tolerance range, the controller 302 decreases a first luminance value of the luminance values. In response to the first decay rate being less than a lower limit of the tolerance range, the controller 302 increases a first luminance value of the luminance values. In another example, as described above with respect to FIG. 2, in response to the first decay rate being greater than an upper limit of the tolerance range, the controller 302 decreases a first color scale value of the color scale values. In response to the first decay rate being less than a lower limit of the tolerance range, the controller 302 increases a first color scale value of the color scale values.

[0050] Referring now to FIG. 4, a block diagram of an electronic device 400 for modifying luminance values of pixels 412-480 of a display panel 406 is shown, in accordance with various examples. The electronic device 400 is the electronic device 200, 300, for example. The electronic device 400 includes a controller 402, a storage device 404, and the display panel 406. The controller 402 is the controller 302, for example. The storage device 404 is the storage device 304, for example. The display panel 406 is the display panel 202, 306, for example. The display panel 406 includes zones 408, 410. The display panel 406 includes pixels 412, 414, 416, 418, 420, 422, 424, 426, 428, 430, 432, 434, 436, 438, 440, 442, 444, 446, 448, 450, 452, 454, 456, 458, 460, 462, 464, 466, 468, 470, 472, 474, 476, 478, 480, which are referred to as the pixels 412-480 collectively. The pixels 412-480 are the pixels 312-380, for example. A zone 408 includes the pixels 412, 414, 416, 418, 420, 422, 424, 426, 438, 440, 452, 454, 466, 468, 470, 472, 474, 476, 478, 480. The zone 408 is referred to as a peripheral region, for example. A zone 410 includes the pixels 428, 430, 432, 434, 436, 442, 444, 446, 448, 450, 456, 458, 460, 462, 464. The zone 410 is referred to as a central region, for example.

[0051] While not explicitly shown, in some examples, the electronic device 400 includes network interfaces, video adapters, sound cards, local buses, peripheral devices (e.g., a keyboard, a mouse, a touchpad, a speaker, a microphone), driver circuitry to drive the pixels 412-480, or a combination thereof. In various examples, the controller 402 is coupled to the storage device 404 and the display panel 406. In some examples, the controller 402 is coupled to the pixels 412-480 via driver circuitry.

[0052] In various examples, the storage device 404 stores machine-readable instructions 482, 484, 486, which, when executed by the controller 402, cause the controller 402 to perform some or all of the actions attributed herein to the controller 402. The machine-readable instructions 482, 484, 486, when executed by the controller 402, cause the controller 402 to modify luminance values of pixels 412- 480 of the display panel 406, for example. The machine-readable instruction 482, when executed by the controller 402, causes the controller 402 to determine a decay rate for a pixel of the pixels 412-480 based on a first luminance value of image data for the pixel. In response to the decay rate being greater than a first threshold, the machine-readable instruction 484, when executed by the controller 402, causes the controller 402 to cause the pixel to have the first luminance value. In response to the decay rate being greater than a second threshold, the machine- readable instruction 486, when executed by the controller 402, causes the controller 402 to cause the pixel to have a second luminance value, where the second luminance value is less than the first luminance value.

[0053] As described above with respect to FIG. 1 , in some examples, the controller 402 receives the image data that includes the luminance values, the color scale values, or the combination thereof, for the pixels of an image. The controller 402 determines the decay rates for the pixels 412-480 using the luminance values, the color scale values, or the combination thereof, for the pixels of an image of the image data to determine the decay rates, as described above with respect to FIG. 1 , for example. The controller 402 modifies the luminance values, the color scale values, or the combination thereof, based on the decay rates, as described above with respect to FIGS. 1 , 2, or 3, for example.

[0054] In various examples, the second threshold is greater than the first threshold. For example, the second threshold is an upper limit of a tolerance range and the first threshold is a lower limit of the tolerance range. In response to the decay rate for the pixel being less than the first threshold, the controller 402 causes the pixel to have a third luminance value, where the third luminance value is greater than the first luminance value.

[0055] In other examples, the first threshold is greater than the second threshold. For example, the first threshold indicates that a power saving feature is disabled and the second threshold indicates the power saving feature is enabled. In some examples, the controller 402 determines the second threshold based on a type of the power saving feature enabled. For example, in response to the power saving feature indicating edge dimming, the controller 402 determines the second threshold is a multiplier of the first threshold. In some examples, the multiplier is equivalent to a ratio that is based on a number of peripheral regions of a central region. For example, a ratio describes a rate at which the luminance values, the color values, or the combination thereof, are dimmed in relation to the central region and through the number of peripheral regions. The ratio is a slope of a curve that describes the rate at which the luminance values, the color values, or the combination thereof, decrease in an area of the display panel 406 between the central region and an edge of the display panel 406, for example. For example, the luminance values, the color values, or the combination thereof, of the central region (e.g. , the zone 410) are displayed at the original luminance values, the color values, or the combination thereof received via an image data while the luminance values, the color values, or the combination thereof, of a peripheral region (e.g., the zone 408) disposed contiguous to the central region are reduced by a quarter. The controller 402 determines the second threshold is a quarter of the first threshold. In various examples, the controller 402 causes the pixel to have a third luminance value in response to the decay rate being less than the second threshold, where the third luminance value is greater than the second luminance value and less than the first luminance value.

[0056] In various examples, the display panel 406 includes multiple zones. A first zone of the multiple zones includes the pixel associated with the first luminance value of the image data. The controller 402 determines the decay rate for the first zone based on the first luminance value. In response to the decay rate being equivalent to or greater than the first threshold, the controller 402 causes a set of pixels of the first zone to have the first luminance value. In various examples, the set of pixels includes the pixel. In response to the decay rate being greater than the second threshold, the controller 402 causes the set of pixels to have the second luminance value, where the second luminance value is less than the first luminance value. In various examples, a number of pixels of the set of pixels is equivalent to one.

[0057] For example, the controller 402 determines the multiple zones are the zone 408 and the zone 410. The controller 402 determines the zone 408 is a peripheral region that frames the central region, for example. The controller 402 determines the peripheral region includes the pixels 412, 414, 416, 418, 420, 422, 424, 426, 438, 440, 452, 454, 466, 468, 470, 472, 474, 476, 478, 480. The controller 402 determines the central region includes the pixels 428, 430, 432, 434, 436, 442, 444, 446, 448, 450, 456, 458, 460, 462, 464. The first luminance value is a luminance value of the pixel 412, for example. The controller 402 determines the decay rate for the zone 408 based on the first luminance value. In response to the decay rate being equivalent to or greater than the first threshold, the controller 402 causes the pixels of the peripheral region to have the first luminance value. In response to the decay rate being greater than the second threshold, the controller 402 causes the pixels of the peripheral region to have the second luminance value that is less than the first luminance value. For example, in response to the decay rate being greater than the second threshold, the controller 402 determines the second luminance value by multiplying the first luminance value by a multiplier that is less than one.

[0058] While the multiple zones of the examples above are distributed as a central region framed by a peripheral region, in other examples, the multiple zones include multiple peripheral regions and a central region. For example, the controller 402 determines a first peripheral region of the multiple peripheral regions is a region that frames the central region, and a second peripheral region of the multiple peripheral regions is a region that frames the first peripheral region. In other examples, the multiple zones have different configurations than peripheral regions surrounding a central region. For example, the multiple zones include sets of contiguous pixels within rows. For example, the controller 402 determines a first zone includes pixels 412-424, a second zone includes pixels 426-438, a third zone includes pixels 440-452, a fourth zone includes pixels 454-466, and a fifth zone includes pixels 468-480. In another example, the multiple zones include sets of contiguous pixels within columns. For example, the controller 402 determines a first zone includes pixels 412, 426, 440, 454, 468, a second zone includes pixels 414, 428, 442, 456, 470, a third zone includes pixels 416, 430, 444, 458, 472, . . ., and a seventh zone includes pixels 424, 438, 452, 466, 480.

[0059] In some examples, the controller 402 determines the zones based on enablement of a second power saving feature. The second power saving feature is dynamic contrasting, for example. The controller 402 determines that the multiple zones include sets of contiguous pixels that are in contiguous rows, contiguous columns, or a combination thereof, for example. For example, the controller 402 determines a first zone includes pixels 412, 414, 426, 428, 440, 442, a second zone includes pixels 454, 456, 468 470, . . ., a fifth zone includes pixels 420, 422, 424, 434, 436, 438, 448, 450, 452, and a sixth zone includes pixels 462, 464, 466, 476, 478, 480.

[0060] Referring now to FIGS. 5A and 5B, examples of an electronic device 500 modifying luminance values of pixels of a display panel 502 are shown, in accordance with various examples. The electronic device 500 is the electronic device 200, 300, 400. A display panel 502A and a display panel 502B are collectively referred to as the display panel 502. The display panel 502 is the display panel 202, 306, 406, for example. The electronic device 500 causes the display panel 502 to display image data that includes multiple horizontal black lines against a white background. In some examples, the color scale range for the display panel 502 is 0 - 255, and the luminance range for the display panel 502 is 0 - 1000 nits. A black pixel of the image data has a color scale value of 0 and a luminance value of 0 nits, and a white pixel of the image data has a color scale value of 255 and a luminance value of 1000 nits, for example.

[0061] Referring now to FIG. 5A, an example of the electronic device 500 causing the display panel 502A to display image data without modifying the luminance values of pixels of the display panel 502A is shown. Luminance values of the pixels of the display panel 502A displaying the black lines are 0 nits, for example. Luminance values of the pixels of the display panel 502A displaying the white background are 1000 nits, for example.

[0062] Referring now to FIG. 5B, an example of the electronic device 500 causing the display panel 502B to display the image data with modified luminance values is shown. Luminance values of the pixels of the display panel 502B displaying the black lines are unmodified, for example. Luminance values of the pixels of the display panel 502B displaying the white background are modified within a region 506 to 950 nits, as indicated by the black-dotted white background, for example. Luminance values of the pixels of the display panel 502B displaying the white background are modified within a region 508 to 900 nits, as indicated by the black- slashed white background, for example. [0063] Referring now to FIGS. 5A and 5B, in some examples, the electronic device 500 determines the decay rates for the pixels of the image data displayed by the display panel 502A. The electronic device 500 determines the decay rates using the techniques described above with respect to FIG. 1 , for example. In response to a determ ination that a decay rate for a pixel of the image data is outside a tolerance range, the electronic device 500 modifies the luminance value for the pixel as displayed by the display panel 502B.

[0064] For example, the electronic device 500 determines that the decay rates for the pixels of the image data that are black lines are 0%, the decay rates for the pixels of the image data that are the white background and within the region 508 are 0.1 %, and the decay rates for the pixels of the image data that are the white background and within the region 506 are 0.025%. The pixels within the region 506 have lower decay rates due to enablement of a power saving feature, for example. The power saving feature is edge dimming, for example. The electronic device 500 determines the decay rates for the black lines are less than a lower limit of the tolerance range and causes the display panel 502B to display the black lines having modified luminance values, as indicated by the white-dotted black background, for example. The electronic device 500 modifies the luminance values for the black lines to 5 nits, for example. The electronic device 500 determines the decay rates for the white background within the region 506 are within the tolerance range and causes the display panel 502B to display the white background within the region 506 having unmodified luminance values. The electronic device 500 determines the decay rates for the white background within the region 508 are greater than an upper limit of the tolerance range and causes the display panel 502B to display the white background within the region 508 having modified luminance values. The electronic device 500 modifies the luminance values for the white background within the region 508 to 700 nits, for example.

[0065] In various examples, the electronic device 500 determines that the decay rates for the pixels of the image data that are white background within the region 506 are 0.25%. In response to a determination that the power saving feature is enabled, the electronic device 500 determines whether the decay rates for the white background within the region 506 is less than a specified threshold, where the specified threshold is based on enablement of the power saving feature. In response to the decay rates for the white background within the region 506 being less than the specified threshold, the electronic device 500 causes the display panel 502B to display the white background having modified color values, as indicated by the black-dotted white background. The electronic device 500 modifies the color values to have a value between the color values of the image data (e.g., 255) and a second color value that is the white background of the region 508 having a modified color value. For example, the second color value of the white background of the region 508 is 245, as indicated by the black-slashed white background. The electronic device 500 modifies the color values for the white background of the region 506 to 250, as indicated by the black-dotted white background, for example.

[0066] In other examples, the electronic device 500 determines that the decay rates for the pixels of the image data that are black lines are 0%. In response to a determination that the decay rates for the black lines are less than a specified threshold, the electronic device 500 determines a time period during which the black lines have been displayed without modification of the color value. In response to the determination that the time period is greater than a specified duration, the electronic device 500 causes the display panel 502B to display the black lines having modified color values, as indicated by the white-dotted black background, for example. The electronic device 500 modifies the color values for the black lines to 5 nits, for example. In various examples, the data structure stores a counter for each pixel of the display panel 502. In response to modification of the color value of a pixel, the electronic device 500 resets the counter to an initial value. In some examples, the electronic device 500 determines the time period by retrieving the counter value for the pixel stored to the data structure. By changing the color value in response to the time period being greater than the specified time, the electronic device 500 prevents bum in.

[0067] Determining the decay rates and modifying the luminance values, the color scale values, or the combination thereof, of some pixels to have lower values than those received in image data for the pixels while maintaining the luminance values, the color scale values, or the combination thereof, of other pixels of the image data conserves power of the electronic device including the display panel. Modifying the luminance values, the color scale values, or the combination thereof, of some pixels to have different values than those received in image data enables the pixels to have decay rates within a specified range. Maintaining the decay rates of the pixels of the display panel within the specified range enables the pixels to decay over time in a manner that maintains the picture quality.

[0068] Referring now to FIG. 6, a block diagram of an electronic device 600 for modifying luminance values of pixels of a display panel is shown, in accordance with various examples. The electronic device 600 is the electronic device 200, 300, 400, 500, for example. The electronic device 600 includes a controller 602 and a non-transitory machine-readable medium 604. The non-transitory machine- readable medium 604 is the storage device 304, 404, for example.

[0069] In some examples, the controller 602 is coupled to the non-transitory machine-readable medium 604. In various examples, the non-transitory machine- readable medium 604 stores machine-readable instructions, which, when executed by the controller 602, cause the controller 602 to perform some or all of the actions attributed herein to the controller 602. The machine-readable instructions are the machine-readable instructions 606, 608, 610.

[0070] In various examples, the machine-readable instructions 606, 608, 610, when executed by the controller 602, cause the controller 602 to modify luminance values of a display panel (e.g., the display panel 202, 306, 406, 502). The machine- readable instruction 606, when executed by the controller 602, causes the controller 602 to determine a decay rate for a pixel of the display panel of the electronic device 600 based on image data. The image data includes a first luminance value for the pixel. In response to the decay rate being greater than an upper limit of a tolerance range, the machine-readable instruction 608, when executed by the controller 602, causes the controller 602 to cause the pixel of the display panel to have a second luminance value, where the second luminance value is less than the first luminance value. In response to the decay rate being equivalent to or less than a lower limit of the tolerance range, the machine-readable instruction 610, when executed by the controller 602, causes the controller 602 to cause the pixel of the display panel to have a third luminance value, where the third luminance value is greater than the first luminance value.

[0071] As described above with respect to FIG. 1 , in some examples, the controller 602 receives the image data that includes the luminance values, the color scale values, or the combination thereof, for the pixels of an image. The controller 602 determines the decay rates for the pixels using the luminance values, the color scale values, or the combination thereof, for the pixels of an image of the image data to determine the decay rates using the techniques described above with respect to FIG. 1 , for example. The controller 602 modifies the luminance values, the color scale values, or the combination thereof, based on the decay rates, as described above with respect to FIGS. 1 , 2, 3, 4, or 5, for example.

[0072] In some examples, the controller 602 determines the decay rate for the pixel of the display panel based on the first luminance value, a first color scale value of the image data for the pixel, or a combination thereof. In response to the decay rate being greater than the upper limit of the tolerance range, the controller 602 causes the pixel of the display panel to have the second luminance value, a second color scale value, or a combination thereof, where the second color scale value is less than the first color scale value. In response to the decay rate being less than the lower limit of the tolerance range, the controller 602 causes the pixel of the display panel to have the third luminance value, a third color scale value, or a combination thereof, where the third color scale value is greater than the first color scale value.

[0073] In various examples, in response to a determination that a power saving feature is disabled, the controller 602 determines that the tolerance range is a first tolerance range. In response to a determination that a power saving feature is enabled, the controller 602 determines that the tolerance range is a second tolerance range. In some examples, the power saving feature is a first power saving feature. In response to a determination that the first power saving feature and a second power saving feature are enabled, the controller 602 determines that the tolerance range is a third tolerance range, where the third tolerance range is different than the second tolerance range. In response to a determination that the first power saving feature is disabled and the second power saving feature is enabled, the controller 602 determines that the tolerance range is a fourth tolerance range, where the fourth tolerance range is different than the first tolerance range. The first power saving feature is edge dimming, and the second power saving feature is dynamic contrasting, for example.

[0074] Referring now to FIG. 7, a method 700 for modifying luminance values, color scale values, or a combination thereof, of pixels of a display panel (e.g., the display panel 202, 306, 406, 502), in accordance with various examples. The method 700 includes receiving an image (702). The method 700 also includes determining decay rates for the pixels of the display panel based on image data for the image (704). Additionally, the method 700 includes determining whether a power saving feature is enabled (706). In response to a determination that the power saving feature is disabled, the method 700 includes modifying the luminance values, the color scale values, or the combination thereof, of the pixels of the display panel based on whether the decay rates of the pixels are outside of a first tolerance range (708).

[0075] In response to a determination that the power saving feature is enabled, the method 700 includes determining zones including sets of pixels of the display panel, where the zones are based on the power saving feature enabled (710). Based on the power saving feature enabled and whether the decays rates of a set of pixels within a zone are outside of a second tolerance range, the method 700 includes modifying the luminance values, the color scale values, or the combination thereof, of the set of pixels within the zone (712).

[0076] Unless infeasible, some or all of the method 100, 700 may be performed by a controller (e.g., the controller 302, 402, 602) concurrently or in different sequences and by circuity of an electronic device (e.g., the electronic device 200, 300, 400, 500, 600), execution of machine-readable instructions of the electronic device. For example, the method 100, 700 is implemented by machine-readable instructions stored to a storage device (e.g., the storage device 304, 404, the non- transitory machine-readable medium 604, or another storage device not explicitly shown of the electronic device), circuitry (some of which is not explicitly shown) of the electronic device, or a combination thereof. The controller executes the machine-readable instructions to perform some or all of the method 100, 700, for example.

[0077] As described above with respect to FIGS. 1-7, utilizing the graphical user interface (GUI), the user specifies values used by the electronic device while performing the techniques described above. For example, using the GUI, the user specifies ranges, thresholds, multipliers, or a combination thereof. In other examples, the ranges, the thresholds, the multipliers, or the combination thereof are determined at the time of manufacture.

[0078] The electronic device 200, 300, 400, 500, 600 determining the decay rates and modifying the luminance values, the color scale values, or the combination thereof, of some pixels to have lower limits while maintaining the luminance values, the color scale values, or the combination thereof, of other pixels conserves power of a display panel (e.g., the display panel 202, 306, 406, 502). In examples that include modifying the luminance values, the color scale values, or the combination thereof, of pixels within a peripheral region associated with the edge dimming power saving feature to have higher values results in decay rates of the pixels within the peripheral region having values within a specified range of values for pixels within a central region associated with the edge dimming power saving feature. Maintaining the decay rates of the pixels of the display panel within the specified range enables the pixels to decay over time in a manner that maintains the picture quality.

[0079] While some components are shown as separate components of the electronic device 300, 400, 600, in other examples, the separate components are integrated in a single package. For example, the storage device 304 is integrated with the controller 302. The single package may herein be referred to as an integrated circuit (IC) or an integrated chip (IC).

[0080] The above description is meant to be illustrative of the principles and various examples of the present description. Numerous variations and modifications become apparent to those skilled in the art once the above description is fully appreciated. It is intended that the following claims be interpreted to embrace all such variations and modifications. [0081] In the figures, certain features and components disclosed herein are shown in exaggerated scale or in somewhat schematic form, and some details of certain elements are not shown in the interest of clarity and conciseness. In some of the figures, in order to improve clarity and conciseness, a component or an aspect of a component are omitted.

[0082] In the above description and in the claims, the term “comprising” is used in an open-ended fashion, and thus should be interpreted to mean “including, but not limited to... .” Also, the term “couple” or “couples” is intended to be broad enough to encompass both direct and indirect connections. Thus, if a first device couples to a second device, that connection may be through a direct connection or through an indirect connection via other devices, components, and connections. Additionally, the word “or” is used in an inclusive manner. For example, “A or B” means any of the following: “A” alone, “B” alone, or both “A” and “B.”

Claims

CLAIMS What is claimed is:

1 . An electronic device, comprising: a light-emitting diode (LED) display panel; and a controller to: determine decay rates for pixels of the LED display panel based on luminance values of image data; and modify the luminance values displayed by the pixels based on the decay rates.

2. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the display panel is an organic LED (OLED) display panel, a mini-LED display panel, or a micro-LED display panel.

3. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the image data includes color scale values, and wherein the controller is to modify the luminance values, the color scale values, or a combination thereof, based on the decay rates.

4. The electronic device of claim 3, wherein the controller is to determine the decay rates based on the luminance values, the color scale values, or the combination thereof.

5. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the controller is to: determine whether a first decay rate of the decay rates for a first pixel of the pixels is within a tolerance range; in response to the first decay rate being greater than an upper limit of the tolerance range, decrease a first luminance value of the luminance values; and in response to the first decay rate being less than a lower limit of the tolerance range, increase the first luminance value of the luminance values.

6. An electronic device, comprising: a display panel having multiple pixels; and a controller to: determine a decay rate for a pixel of the multiple pixels based on a first luminance value of image data for the pixel; in response to the decay rate being equivalent to or greater than a first threshold, cause the pixel to have the first luminance value; and in response to the decay rate being greater than a second threshold, cause the pixel to have a second luminance value, the second luminance value less than the first luminance value.

7. The electronic device of claim 6, wherein the second threshold is greater than the first threshold.

8. The electronic device of claim 6, wherein the first threshold indicates that a power saving feature is disabled and the second threshold indicates the power saving feature is enabled.

9. The electronic device of claim 8, wherein the controller is to: cause the pixel to have a third luminance value in response to the decay rate being less than the second threshold, and wherein the third luminance value is greater than the second luminance value and less than the first luminance value.

10. The electronic device of claim 6, wherein the display panel includes multiple zones, wherein a first zone of the multiple zones includes the pixel, and wherein the controller is to: determine the decay rate for the first zone based on the first luminance value of the image data for the pixel; in response to the decay rate being equivalent to or greater than the first threshold, cause a set of pixels of the first zone to have the first luminance value, the set of pixels including the pixel; and in response to the decay rate being greater than the second threshold, cause the set of pixels to have the second luminance value.

11 . The electronic device of claim 10, wherein a number of pixels of the set of pixels is equivalent to one.

12. A non-transitory machine-readable medium storing machine-readable instructions, which, when executed by a controller of an electronic device, cause the controller to: determine a decay rate for a pixel of a display panel of the electronic device based on image data, the image data including a first luminance value for the pixel; in response to the decay rate being greater than an upper limit of a tolerance range, cause the pixel of the display panel to have a second luminance value, the second luminance value less than the first luminance value; and in response to the decay rate being less than a lower limit of the tolerance range, cause the pixel of the display panel to have a third luminance value, the third luminance value greater than the first luminance value.

13. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 12, wherein the machine-readable instructions, when executed by the controller, cause the controller to: determine the decay rate for the pixel of the display panel based on the first luminance value, a first color scale value of the image data for the pixel, or a combination thereof; in response to the decay rate being greater than the upper limit of the tolerance range, cause the pixel of the display panel to have the second luminance value, a second color scale value, or a combination thereof, the second color scale value less than first color scale value; and in response to the decay rate being less than the lower limit of the tolerance range, cause the pixel of the display panel to have the third luminance value, a third color scale value, or a combination thereof, the third color scale value greater than the first color scale value.

14. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 12, wherein the machine-readable instructions, when executed by the controller, cause the controller to: in response to a determination that a power saving feature is disabled, determine that the tolerance range is a first tolerance range; and in response to a determination that a power saving feature is enabled, determine that the tolerance range is a second tolerance range.

15. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 14, wherein the power saving feature is a first power saving feature, and wherein the machine- readable instructions, when executed by the controller, cause the controller to: in response to a determination that the first power saving feature and a second power saving feature are enabled, determine that the tolerance range is a third tolerance range, the third tolerance range different than the second tolerance range; and in response to a determination that the first power saving feature is disabled and the second power saving feature is enabled, determine that the tolerance range is a fourth tolerance range, the fourth tolerance range different than the first tolerance range.