WO2019122712A1 - Modular assembly for floating solar power plant - Google Patents
Modular assembly for floating solar power plant Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2019122712A1 WO2019122712A1 PCT/FR2018/053406 FR2018053406W WO2019122712A1 WO 2019122712 A1 WO2019122712 A1 WO 2019122712A1 FR 2018053406 W FR2018053406 W FR 2018053406W WO 2019122712 A1 WO2019122712 A1 WO 2019122712A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- photovoltaic panel
- fixing
- axis
- floating support
- modular assembly
- Prior art date
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
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- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- GNFTZDOKVXKIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-methoxyethoxy)benzohydrazide Chemical compound COCCOC1=CC=CC(C(=O)NN)=C1 GNFTZDOKVXKIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
- H02S20/10—Supporting structures directly fixed to the ground
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a modular assembly for a floating solar power plant and a method of producing such a modular assembly.
- the field of the invention is that of the installation and fixing of photovoltaic panels, in particular on a floating support for photovoltaic panel of a modular element for a floating solar power station.
- Floating solar power plants are installations of electricity production from solar panels, made in the form of islands receiving photovoltaic panels, designed to float on water bodies, such as lakes or ponds. These islands may be composed of a plurality of modular assemblies assembled together and arranged in the desired form, each modular assembly receiving one or more photovoltaic panels.
- a modular assembly generally consists essentially of a floating support, a photovoltaic panel and a fixing system for maintaining the photovoltaic panel on the floating support.
- a photovoltaic panel is currently substantially rectangular in shape with two large edges and two small edges. It is currently provided that the fastening system maintains the photovoltaic panel at its two large edges.
- document KR 1020160083441 discloses a modular assembly comprising a photovoltaic panel, of rectangular shape, a floating support receiving the photovoltaic panel, as well as a device for fixing the photovoltaic panel on the floating support, designed to hold the photovoltaic panel, at the level of its two large edges.
- the fastening device comprises two identified fastening tabs 131, fixed substantially at the corners of a front edge of the floating support and two substantially parallel fastening tubes 134, fixed substantially at the level of corners of a rear edge of the floating support, so as to ensure the fixing of the photovoltaic panel, at its two large edges, at two points of each of said large edges.
- Each fixing lug and each fixing tube are provided with a through hole at the level of
- FIREFUL LIGHT RECEIVED (RULE 91) ISA / EP its end located on the opposite side to the floating support to receive a pivot axis.
- the photovoltaic panel is mounted on the fixing lugs and on the fixing tubes by means of four copings 132 and 136, fixed at four fixing points of the photovoltaic panel, said screeds also including two holes in order to receive said pivot axis.
- Each of the fixing screeds is thus pivotally mounted around the pivot axis on each of the fixing lugs and on each of the fixing tubes, at a first end of each of the fixing tubes, fixed to the floating support.
- each identified fixing tube 134 is slidably received in an adjustment tube 13a, at their second end.
- This adjustment tube 13a is pivotally mounted on the floating support, arranged parallel to the photovoltaic panel and perpendicular to the fixing tubes.
- Pins 135 are provided to immobilize in translation each fixing tube relative to the adjustment tube, when the photovoltaic panel is positioned at the desired inclination relative to the floating support.
- Such a fixing device has the advantage of making a connection between the photovoltaic panel and the floating support which allows the panel to be adjusted in different inclinations on the floating support (see for example Figure 4 of this document). To do this, the fixing tubes 134 are slid into the adjustment tubes 133a until the inclination of the desired panel, then the position is locked by inserting the pins in the most suitable adjustment holes on the fixing tubes 134.
- the floating support will for example cash efforts generated by its deformation during the expansion or contraction of the component material.
- a modular assembly is generally connected, at the level of the floating support, to other modular assemblies, in order to constitute the floating power station, or to the earth, in order to
- the fixing tubes of this fixing device are necessarily arranged parallel to each other to allow the aforementioned inclination adjustment, which affects the stability of the maintenance of the photovoltaic panel on the floating support , the photovoltaic panel being in a position of unstable equilibrium with respect to the floating support.
- the fixing tubes describe with the upper wall of the floating support and the large edge of the photovoltaic panel a rectangle, which, in case of stress of the photovoltaic panel in the direction of the edge of large dimension will tend to turn into a parallelogram (not rectangle), thus preventing the return to its initial position of the photovoltaic panel relative to the floating support.
- the system for adjusting the inclination of the photovoltaic panel which consists in sliding the fixing tubes through the adjustment tube to a desired position, does not make it possible to envisage another positioning of the fixing tubes with respect to the support floating.
- the fixing screeds 136 on the photovoltaic panel are situated at two points situated in a median zone of the panel, closer to the median plane of the panel than to the ends of the large edge.
- Such a support is provided to ensure the provision of a photovoltaic panel directly on the ground.
- the panel is provided with a frame provided for covering the edges of the panel, and in particular the large-sized edges of the photovoltaic panel, which is
- RECTIFIED SHEET (RULE 91) ISA / EP provided substantially rectangular shape.
- the beams forming the frame at the large edges are connected to bending plates, marked, 7 and 18, sliding along said beams.
- the bending plate marked 7 at a front edge of the photovoltaic panel is fixed directly on the upper face of the tire.
- the bitter bending plate 18 is fixed at a distance from the tire by means of a first pair of tubes 17 thus ensuring an inclination of the panel.
- the first pair of tubes 17 is intended to be disposed substantially in a vertical plane at a rear edge of the photovoltaic panel and for the upper end of each tube to be fixed to the bending plate 18 at the rear edge of the photovoltaic panel. photovoltaic panel and that the lower end of each tube is fixed on the tire at a rear edge of the tire.
- a second pair of tubes, marked 26 is provided to be arranged in a substantially horizontal plane near the upper face of the tire by connecting the lower ends of each tube 17 of the pair of vertical tubes on the one hand, to the bending plate at the front edge of the panel, on the other hand.
- an operator can ressemer the set of fixing means ensuring the attachment of the different pairs of tube on the tire and on the photovoltaic panel to stiffen the assembly and prevent that the photovoltaic panel does not move relative to the tire.
- Such a device for fixing the panel on a tire has the disadvantage of ensuring rigid attachment of the photovoltaic panel on the tire. Indeed, the use of a pair of marked tubes 26 disposed substantially horizontally to connect an attachment point between the bending plate at the rear edge of the photovoltaic panel and the tire and a point of attachment of the bending plate to level of the rear edge of the photovoltaic panel on the tire, prevents relative movement of these attachment points.
- the tire in particular because it is made of flexible rubber, acts as a shock absorber by deforming in order to collect the forces received by the photovoltaic panel and by the fixing device of the photovoltaic panel.
- a fixing device is not suitable for mounting a photovoltaic panel on a floating support.
- a floating support is generally made in the form of a hollow envelope of thermoplastic material, which therefore does not deform as easily as the rubber of a tire to collect shocks.
- the use of such a fixing device on a thermoplastic envelope, and in particular said pair of horizontal tubes will strongly constrain the floating support, in particular in a horizontal direction, which will deteriorate more or less long term.
- the invention therefore proposes to overcome these disadvantages, by proposing a modular assembly for a floating solar power station, making it possible to reduce the stresses on the photovoltaic panel and the floating support receiving the solar panel, in particular when the floating support contracts or expands, while ensuring optimum maintenance of the photovoltaic panel on said floating support whatever the weather, and especially in strong winds.
- the invention also proposes a modular assembly of simple and fast realization, and at reduced cost.
- the invention relates to a modular assembly for a floating solar power station comprising:
- a photovoltaic panel of rectangular shape comprising four parallel edges two by two: two large-sized edges and two small-sized edges,
- said fastening system comprises:
- a first holding means ensuring the maintenance of the photovoltaic panel on the floating support, connecting a first large edge of the photovoltaic panel to the floating support, at a point of attachment L4 on the floating support,
- a second holding means ensuring the maintenance of the photovoltaic panel at a second large edge of the photovoltaic panel, comprising two holding arms, said first holding arm and second holding arm, each having an upper end and a lower end, the upper end of the first holding arm being pivotally mounted relative to the photovoltaic panel, via a first upper hinge, at a fixing point Fl on the photovoltaic panel and the upper end the second holding arm being pivotally mounted with respect to the photovoltaic panel, via a second upper hinge, at a fixing point Fl 'on the photovoltaic panel; the lower end of the first holding arm being pivotally mounted relative to the floating support, via a first lower hinge, at a fixing point F2 on the floating support, and the lower end of the second holding arm being pivotally mounted relative to the floating support, via a second lower hinge, at a fixing point F2 'on the floating support, wherein the spacing between the two fixing points Fl , Fl 'on the
- anchoring distance on the support floating between the fixing points F2, F2 'of the holding arm on the floating support, on the one hand, and the fixing points F4 of the first holding means on the support float, on the other hand, is configured to vary freely when the floating support is deformed
- the first upper hinge, the second upper hinge, the first lower hinge and the second lower hinge being configured to allow stress-free deformation of the structure formed by the two holding arms when said anchoring gap varies.
- the first lower articulation and / or the second lower articulation is an axis pivot connection, perpendicular to a horizontal direction and substantially vertical when the floating support is positioned on a body of water,
- At least one pivot connection is formed of a fixing housing torque / pivot axis, the axis of the fixing housing defining the axis of the pivot connection, the pivot axis being received in the fixing housing so to pivot around the axis of the pivot connection,
- the first upper articulation and / or the second upper articulation is in the form of a ball joint
- first upper hinge, the second upper hinge, the first lower hinge and the second lower hinge are made in the form of ball joints
- each ball joint is formed of a pair of fixing ring / pivot axis, the axis of the fixing ring defining a first axis of rotation A1, AG of the ball joint, the pivot axis being received in the ball joint, fixing ring so as to pivot about this first axis of rotation Al, A and about a second axis A2, A2 ', perpendicular to the first axis A1, AG, and about a third axis A3, A3', perpendicular to the first axis A1, AG and the second axis A2, A2 ', the angular amplitude of the rotation about the first axis A1, A being strictly greater than the angular amplitude of the rotation about the second axis A2, A2' and to the angular amplitude of the rotation about the third axis A3, A3 ',
- the angular amplitude around the second axis A2, A2 'and around the third axis A3, A3' is between 5 ° and 30 °
- At least one fastening ring is of toric form
- RECTIFIED SHEET (RULE 91) ISA / EP fixing being configured to allow rotation of the pivot axis about the first axis of rotation A1 and around the two axes of rotation A2, A3, perpendicular to the first axis of rotation A1,
- At least one pivot axis forming a ball joint is constituted by a removable pin
- the first fastening means of the fixing system comprises a flexible section, fixed on the floating support, in the longitudinal direction of the large parallel edges of the photovoltaic panel, the flexible section being configured so as to allow a pivoting of the photovoltaic panel by relative to the support floating around an axis oriented in said substantially transverse direction, only by deforming,
- the photovoltaic panel is provided with a frame comprising at least two longitudinal members intended to cover the large-sized edges of the photovoltaic panel, the first and the second holding means of the fixing system holding the photovoltaic panel at the frame,
- the photovoltaic panel is arranged protruding laterally on both sides of the floating support
- the fixing points F1, F1 'of the first and second holding arms on the photovoltaic panel are each located in an attachment zone ZF1, ZF1' such that the distance separating a fixing point F1, F1 'from the median plane of photovoltaic panel is strictly greater than the distance separating it from the end of the first large-dimension edge of the nearest photovoltaic panel,
- the floating support is a plastic envelope.
- the invention also relates to a method for producing a modular assembly for floating solar power plant according to the invention comprising the steps:
- each holding arm of the second holding means comprises a hole receiving a pivot axis, Al axis, said pivot axis being also received in a fixing ring, fixed on the photovoltaic panel at the fixing point Fl, Fl ', and / or the lower end of each holding arm of the second holding means comprises a bore receiving a pivot axis, axis Al', said pivot axis being also received in a fixing ring, fixed on the floating support at the point of attachment F2, F2 ', wherein step f) comprises the following substeps:
- step g) comprises the following substeps:
- step f) and step gl) are carried out prior to steps g2) and g3), for example in the workshop or on the installation site of the modular assembly, at a first workstation. , in order to produce a first pre-assembled assembly comprising
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a modular assembly according to a first embodiment according to the invention
- FIG. 2 is a front view of the modular assembly represented in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 is a side view of the modular assembly represented in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 4 is a detailed view of FIG. 1 showing the connection between the upper end of a holding arm and the photovoltaic panel
- FIG. 5 is a detail view of FIG. 2, in which a holding arm has been removed
- FIG. 6 is a side view of FIG. 5,
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a first pre-assembled assembly making it possible to implement the method according to an embodiment according to the invention
- FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a second pre-assembled assembly making it possible to implement the method according to an embodiment according to the invention
- FIG. 9 is a perspective view of an isolated holding arm of a modular assembly according to the invention.
- FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a flexible section isolated from a modular assembly according to the invention.
- FIG. 11 is a front view of the modular assembly shown in FIG. 1, in which the two holding arms have been removed,
- FIG. 12 is a side view similar to FIG. 6, showing an embodiment in which the photovoltaic panel is provided with a frame, and a pinch profile receives a beam of this frame,
- FIG. 13 is a front view of a modular assembly according to a second embodiment according to the invention.
- FIG. 14 is a detailed view of the modular assembly of FIG. 13, in which a holding arm has been removed,
- FIG. 15 is a detailed perspective view of the modular assembly of FIG. 13,
- FIG. 16 is a side view of a holding arm provided with the axis of rotation and the fixing ring of the first upper articulation, as well as the axis of rotation of the first lower articulation of FIG. the modular assembly of FIG. 13,
- FIG. 17 is a front detail view of the modular assembly of FIG. 1,
- FIG. 18 is a perspective view of a modular assembly according to a third embodiment according to the invention.
- the invention relates to a modular assembly 1 for floating solar power plant comprising:
- a photovoltaic panel 3 typically of rectangular shape, comprising four parallel edges two by two: two large edges Bl, B2 and two small-sized edges,
- a fastening system ensuring the maintenance of the photovoltaic panel on the floating support, at its two edges Bl, B2 of larger size.
- said fixing system comprises:
- a first holding means 4 ensuring the maintenance of the photovoltaic panel 3 on the floating support 2, connecting a first large-dimension edge B1 of the photovoltaic panel 3 to the floating support 2, at the level of at least one fixing point F4 on the floating support 2
- a second holding means 5 holding the photovoltaic panel 3 at a second large-dimension edge B2 of the photovoltaic panel, comprising two holding arms 51, 52, said first holding arm 51 and second holding arm 52 , each having an upper end E5ls, E52s and a lower end E5li, E52i, the upper end E51s of the first holding arm 51 being pivotally mounted relative to the photovoltaic panel 3, via a
- the fixing points Fl, Fl 'of the holding arms 51, 52 on the photovoltaic panel 3 are preferably arranged symmetrical with respect to a median plane PM of the photovoltaic panel 3 and the attachment points F2, F2' of the holding arms 51 , 52 on the floating support 2 are preferably arranged symmetrical with respect to the median plane PM of the photovoltaic panel 3.
- the spacing E1 between the two fixing points F1, F1 'on the photovoltaic panel 3 is strictly greater than the spacing E2 between the two fixing points F2, F2' on the floating support 2.
- the structure formed by the two holding arms 51, 52 draws the two equal sides of an isosceles trapezium.
- the anchoring distance E24 on the floating support enters, on the one hand, the fixing points F2, F2 'of the holding arms 51, 52 on the floating support 2 and, on the other hand, the fixing points F4 of the first holding means 4 on the floating support, in particular in a horizontal direction DH1, is configured to vary freely when the floating support deforms in said horizontal direction DH1.
- the fixing points in particular by the tubes marked 26 in this anteriority. Thanks to this advantageous arrangement of the invention reduces the number of parts necessary for the realization of such a modular assembly and therefore its complexity of implementation as well as its cost.
- the first upper articulation A5ls, the second upper articulation A52s, the first lower articulation A5li and the second lower articulation A52i are configured to allow the stress-free deformation of the structure formed by the two holding arms 51, 52 when said gap E24 varies.
- the fastening system of the modular assembly 1 according to the invention and in particular the four joints A51s, A52s, A5li, A52i ensuring the assembly between the second edge B2 of large size of the photovoltaic panel 3 and the floating support 2, and configured to allow the strain-free deformation of the structure formed by the two holding arms 51, 52, allows a connection non-rigid between the photovoltaic panel 3 and the floating support 2 avoiding the transmission of forces during heterogeneous expansions between these two elements.
- the forces received by the floating support 2 are not transmitted to the photovoltaic panel 3, and conversely the forces received by the photovoltaic panel are not transmitted to the floating support .
- Such forces are, for example, those generated by the deformations occurring in the floating support 2, in particular during the expansion or contraction of the component material, or those generated by the anchoring of the modular assembly 1.
- other modular assemblies in order to form the floating power station, or to earth, in order to maintain said floating power station in position, said anchoring being done at the level of the floating support 2.
- the spacing between the two fixing points Fl, Fl ' is strictly greater than the spacing between the fixing points F2, F2' advantageously allows the two holding arms 51, 52 to define with the second large-dimension edge B2 of the photovoltaic panel 3 and with the upper face 21 of the floating support 2 an isosceles trapezium, as visible in FIG. 2.
- Fe photovoltaic panel 3 will therefore be maintained in a particularly stable manner at its second large-dimension edge B2 thanks to this isosceles trapezoidal arrangement of the holding arms 51, 52, allowing it to remain at its initial position relative to the floating support 2 of the photovoltaic panel, even in the event of stress in the direction of large edges Bl, B2 and unlike the devices of the state of the art, such as that described in document KR1020160083441.
- the floating support 2 may consist essentially of a plastic envelope defining an upper wall 21, a lower wall 22 and four side walls 23, 24, 25, 26, as seen in FIGS. 1 to 3.
- the fastening system can be positioned on the upper wall 21 of the floating support 2.
- Fa upper wall 21 can for this purpose be substantially parallel to the bottom wall 22.
- the floating support 2 may be of generally parallelepipedal shape and comprise connecting means, for example ears (FIG. 18), preferably in one piece with the plastic envelope. These ears are for example arranged at the four corners of the floating support 2, in order to be assembled with other floating supports to form said solar power plant.
- connecting means for example ears (FIG. 18)
- the floating support 2 is a plastic envelope.
- the floating support 2 may for example be made of thermoplastic material by extrusion blow molding.
- Such a floating support 2 made of thermoplastic material produced by extrusion-blowing is for example visible on the embodiment of FIG. 18.
- the extrusion-blowing is a particularly suitable process for producing hollow parts made of thermoplastic material, and in particular hollow parts whose thickness of the envelope is less than 10 mm, for example of the order of 3 mm, as is usually the case for such floating supports.
- the first holding means 4 can be configured so as to maintain the first large-dimension edge B1 of the photovoltaic panel 3 near the upper wall 21 of the floating support 2, while the second means 5 can be configured to maintain the second large-dimension edge B2 of the photovoltaic panel 3 spaced from the upper wall 21 of the floating support 2.
- the photovoltaic panel 3 is inclined relative to the horizontal when the modular assembly 1 is disposed on the water.
- the holding arms 51, 52 of the second holding means 5 may be made in the form of tubes, metal or plastic, for example of square section.
- the first holding arm 51 and the second holding arm 52 are identical.
- the length L51, L52 of the holding arms 51, 52 determines the spacing between the second edge B2 and the upper wall 21 of the floating support 2, and therefore the inclination of the photovoltaic panel 3 relative to the horizontal. This inclination can be between 5 ° and 40 °.
- RECTIFIED SHEET (RULE 91) ISA / EP 51 it is desired to modify the inclination of the photovoltaic panel 3 on a regular basis, for example to be able to adapt it in real time, and dynamically, to the position of the sun, it is conceivable that the arms 51, 52 are telescopic arms, their elongation possibly being electrically controlled, for example by a jack system.
- the first lower hinge A51i and / or the second lower hinge A52i is a pivot link P5li, P52i, axis AP51I, AP52i perpendicular to the horizontal direction DH1 and substantially vertical when the floating support 2 is positioned on an expanse of water.
- each holding arm 51, 52 is able to rotate along the axis AP5li or along the axis AP52i, at the point of attachment F2 or at the point of attachment F2. 'in order to cash a force, oriented in the direction DH1, at this attachment point F2, F2', as represented by the arrow FP.
- This pivoting will allow the strain-free deformation of the structure formed by the two holding arms 51, 52 during the variation of the spacing E24.
- This advantageous arrangement of the invention makes it possible in particular for the forces received by the photovoltaic panel 3, oriented in direction DH1, to be received by the two holding arms 51, 52 without being transmitted to the floating support 2, by pivoting relative to the support 2, and vice versa, in the same way, that the forces received by the floating support 2, oriented in the direction DH1, are not transmitted to the photovoltaic panel 3.
- At least one pivot link P5li, P52i is formed of a fixing housing couple 56i / pivot pin 57i, the axis of the fixing housing 56i defining the axis of the pivot connection AP51I, AP52L.
- pivot pin 57i being received in the fixing housing 56i so as to pivot about the axis of the pivot connection AP51I, AP52L
- the fixing housing 56i can be made partly in the holding arm 51, 52 and partly in the floating support 2.
- the fixing housing 56i may comprise a first portion P56i made in the form of a bore formed at a lower end E5li, E52i of the holding arm 51,
- the first portion P56i of the fixing housing 56i may advantageously be formed in one piece with the holding arm 51, 52, at the lower end E5li, E52i of said holding arm 51, 52.
- said first portion P56i of the fixing housing 56i may be provided on a separate part of the holding arm 51, 52, which is fixed at the lower end E5li, E52i of said arm maintenance.
- the pivot pin 57i can be made in the form of a cylindrical piece, received in the fixing housing 56i, possibly via a bearing to facilitate the pivoting of the pivot axis 57i.
- the pivot pin 57i on the floating support 2 can be made in the form of a detachable pin, or a member that can be screwed.
- the first upper articulation A5ls and / or the second upper articulation A52s is in the form of a rotule connection R.
- the photovoltaic panel 3 is able to pivot by relative to each of the holding arms 51, 52, at the fixing points Fl, Fl ', so as to ensure said flexible connection between the photovoltaic panel 3 and the floating support 2 accommodating the forces experienced by said photovoltaic panel or by said floating support.
- the rotation of the photovoltaic panel 3 with respect to a holding arm 51, 52 can take place along three axes A1, A2, A3, in particular with the axis A3 parallel to axis AP5 li, AP52i of pivot link P5 li, P52L
- the first upper articulation A5ls, the second upper articulation A52s, the first lower articulation A5li and the second lower articulation A52i are produced in the form of R-ball links. .
- the photovoltaic panel 3 is rotatable relative to each holding arm 51, 52, at the fixing points Fl, Fl ', along three axes of rotation Al, A2, A3 , and the floating support 2 is also rotatable relative to each holding arm 51, 52, at the attachment points F2, F2 ', along three axes of rotation Al', A2 ', A3'.
- each ball joint R is formed of a pair of fixing ring 53i, 53s / pivot axis 54i, 54s, the axis A53i, A53s of the fixing ring 53i, 53s defining a first axis of Al rotation, A of the ball joint R, the pivot pin 54i, 54s being received in the fixing ring 53i, 53s so as to pivot about this first axis of rotation Al, A and about a second axis A2, A2 ', perpendicular to the first axis A1, A, and about a third axis A3, A3', perpendicular to the first axis A1, A and the second axis A2, A2 ', the angular amplitude al, al' of the rotation about the first axis A1, AG being strictly greater than the angular amplitude a2, a2 'of the rotation about the second axis A2, A2' and the angular amplitude a3, a3 'of the rotation
- Such a ball joint R is of simple construction, its use being made possible by the fact that, according to the findings of the inventor, it is not necessary to have a ball joint R offering an identical angular amplitude of rotation according to the three axes of rotation Al, Al ', A2, A2', A3, A3 ', which would require the use of complex parts, with spherical surfaces cooperating with each other, and which also have a significant cost.
- the axes of rotation A1, corresponding to the axes A53s of the fixing rings 53s, when integral with the photovoltaic panel 3, are oriented perpendicularly to the large-dimensioned edges B1, B2 and preferably parallel to each other. at the small-dimensional edges of the photovoltaic panel 3.
- the axes of rotation AG, corresponding to the axes A53i of the fixing rings 53i, when integral with the floating support 2 are oriented perpendicular to the large-dimensioned edges Bl, B2 and preferably parallel to the surface bottom 22 of the floating support 2.
- the amplitude of rotation around the axes Al, Al ', larger, can be useful during assembly, allowing the folding of the holding arms 51, 52, pre-assembled on the photovoltaic panel 3, to the photovoltaic panel 3 around the axes Al, ball joints R at the fixing points Fl, F1 on the photovoltaic panel 3, and for the purpose of limiting the size of a first premounted assembly 11 during storage and / or transport thereof.
- these axes of rotation Al, Al will allow the deployment of the holding arms, 51, 52 of the first pre-assembled assembly 11, by rotation around these axes of rotation Al, in order to ensure the fixing of the lower ends E5li , E52i holding arms 51, 52 to a second preassembled assembly 12.
- Such a method is described in detail later.
- the rotation of the pivot axis 54i, 54s with respect to the fixing ring 53i, 53s along the axes of rotation A2, A2 'and A3, A3' can be enabled by the specific form of the fixing ring 53i , 53s and / or by the interlocking play between the pivot axis 54i, 54s and the fixing ring 53i, 53s.
- the dimensions of the specific shape of the fixing ring 53i, 53s and / or of the interlocking play between the pivot axis 54i, 54s and the fixing ring 53i, 53s will notably determine the angular amplitude a2, a2 ', a3, a3' of the rotation about axes A2, A2 'and A3, A3'.
- the angular amplitude a3, a3 'of the rotation about the axes A3, A3' is strictly less than the angular amplitude a2, a2 'of the rotation about the axes A2, A2'.
- the angular amplitude around the second axis A2, A2 'and around the third axis A3, A3' is between 5 ° and 30 °.
- At least one fixing ring 53i, 53s is of toric form.
- the ring-shaped ring advantageously allows rotation of the pivot axis 54 i, 54 s about the three axes of rotation Al, Al ', A2, A2', A3, A3 '.
- the fixing rings 53i of the ball joints R at the fixing points F2, F2 'on the floating support 2 are arranged on the floating support 2 so that their respective centers C53i are connected by a straight line Di parallel to the large dimensions B1, B2 of the photovoltaic panel 3.
- the fixing rings 53s of the ball joints R at the fixing points F1, F1 'on the photovoltaic panel 3 are arranged on the photovoltaic panel 3 so that their respective centers C53s are connected by a straight line Ds parallel to the large-dimension edges B1, B2 of the photovoltaic panel 3.
- the realization and mounting of the second holding means 5 is particularly simple and low cost.
- pivot pins 54i, 54s are for example generally cylindrical shaped parts, metal or plastic.
- the bore 55i provided to receive the pivot pin 54i is parallel to the bore 55s intended to receive the pivot pin 54s, so that the pivot axis 54i and the pivot axis 54s are arranged parallel, once introduced into the bore 55i, 55s respective, as visible in Figure 6.
- each holding arm 51, 52 may be dimensioned so as to receive internally at least one, advantageously two fixing rings 53i, 53s.
- the axis A54i of the pivot axis 54i may be merged with the axis A53i of the associated attachment ring 53i, in particular with regard to the pivot axes 54i, intended to cooperate with the rings of fixation 53i, fixed on the floating support
- a fixing ring 53i, 53s may comprise a threaded portion intended to be received in a bore formed on the floating support 2 or on the photovoltaic panel 3, and to cooperate with a nut, and optionally with one or more washers, in order to securing said fixing ring 53i, 53s to the floating support 2 or to the photovoltaic panel 3.
- the fixing ring 53i, 53s may be formed in a fastener P53s comprising a plurality of flat surfaces, comprising a flat bearing surface FP53s, provided for press flat on a flat face of the photovoltaic panel 3, or the floating support 2, and a planar mounting face FA53s, inclined relative to the flat bearing surface FP53s, in which is formed the fixing ring 53i , 53s.
- Said flat bearing surface FP53s can advantageously be fixed on a spar 32, 33 of a frame 31 surrounding the photovoltaic panel 3, for example by means of a fastening screw, or else by being welded to said spar 32 33.
- at least one attachment ring 53i, 53s 54i, 54s is disposed at one end E5li, E5ls, E52i, E52s of an arm 51, 52, being fixedly secured to said holding arm 51, 52, a bore 55i, 55s being provided at the level of the photovoltaic panel 3, receiving
- At least one pivot axis 54i, 54s forming a ball joint R is constituted by a removable pin.
- a holding member (not shown) can be provided on said pin pivot pin 54i, 54s.
- a handling ring (not shown) may also be provided on the pin.
- any other element of generally cylindrical shape may be provided to form said pivot axis 54i, 54s, for example a bolt.
- the first holding means 4 of the fixing system comprises a flexible section 41, fixed on the floating support 2, in the substantially longitudinal direction of the large parallel edges B1, B2 of the photovoltaic panel 3, the flexible section 41 being configured to allow a pivoting of the photovoltaic panel relative to the floating support about an axis AT oriented in said substantially transverse direction, only by deforming.
- Such an arrangement facilitates the mounting of the photovoltaic panel 3 on the floating support 2, in that, once the first large-dimension edge B1 of the photovoltaic panel 3 fixed to the floating support 2 via the flexible section 41 of the first holding means 4, the photovoltaic panel 3 can be further inclined with respect to the upper face 21 of the floating support 2 in order to adjust this inclination and / or to facilitate the attachment of the second large-dimension edge B2 of the photovoltaic panel 3 to the second holding means 5.
- the flexible section 41 may be made of metal or plastic.
- This flexible section 41 may advantageously be an L-shaped section piece, defining a horizontal branch 42 and a vertical branch 43.
- a plurality of holes, distributed regularly on the two branches 42, 43 of the flexible section 41 may be provided to ensure the attachment of the flexible section 41 on the
- RECTIFIED SHEET (RULE 91) ISA / EP floating support 2 and on the photovoltaic panel 3 by means of fastening means (not shown) such as screws. Any other fixing means may be provided in order to secure the flexible profile to the floating support 2 and / or to the photovoltaic panel 3, for example clips or clamps.
- This embodiment of the flexible section 41 thus confers a certain flexibility, which will thus provide this flexible section 41 a similar operation to that of a hinge, allowing the pivoting of the photovoltaic panel 3 relative to the floating support 2 around a AT axis parallel to the first large edge B1 of the photovoltaic panel 3.
- a hinge may optionally be provided on the flexible section 41, especially at the junction between the two branches 42, 43.
- the first holding means 4 of the fastening system may comprise any type of element capable of ensuring the translational immobilization of the photovoltaic panel 3 with respect to the floating support 2, while by allowing a rotation of the photovoltaic panel 3 with respect to the floating support 2 about an axis of rotation parallel to the first large-dimension edge B1 of the photovoltaic panel 3.
- the first holding means 4 could for example comprise a groove, for example of triangular section, formed directly on the floating support 2, and dimensioned so as to receive a rib of the first large-dimension edge B1 of the photovoltaic panel 3, the interlocking play between said rib and said groove being provided so as to allow the pivoting of the photovoltaic panel 3 with respect to the floating support 2.
- the photovoltaic panel 3 is provided with a frame 31 comprising at least two longitudinal members 32, 33 intended to cover the large-dimension edges B1, B2 of the photovoltaic panel 3, the first 4 and the second means of maintaining the fastening system holding the photovoltaic panel 3 at the frame 31.
- Such a frame 31 stiffens the photo voltaic panel 3, preventing it from bending under its own weight, especially when fixed on the floating support 2 through the fastening system.
- the frame 31 may comprise two longitudinal members 32, 33, and optionally two cross members 34, provided to cover the small-sized edges of the photovoltaic panel.
- the frame 31 is made of metal or rigid plastic, each crosspiece 34 or spar 32, 33 consisting of a profile, dimensioned so as to receive an edge of the photovoltaic panel 3.
- Bores may be provided on the longitudinal members 32, 33 to receive the elements for fixing the first 4 and / or second 5 holding means.
- two holes, positioned at the fixing points Fl, Fl 'on the beam 32 of the frame 31 may be provided to receive the fixing rings 53s of the second holding means 5, and ensure their attachment.
- At least one pinch profile 35 made of thermoplastic or metal material, of substantially C-shaped section, may be provided in order to receive a spar 32, 33 and the attachment rings 53i of FIG. second holding means 5 or the flexible section 41 of the first holding means 4, and ensure their attachment.
- the attachment of the beam 32, 33 of the frame 31 in the pinch profile 35 can be ensured by the clamping force exerted by the clamping profile 35, thanks to its shape of C, and / or by the adhesion between the profile pinch 35 and the beam 32, 33, optionally accentuated or generated by the interposition of a non-slip polymer material between the nip profile 35 and the beam 32, 33, and / or by means of fasteners, for example screws of fixation.
- the photovoltaic panel 3 is arranged protruding laterally on both sides of the floating support 2.
- this advantageous arrangement of the invention makes it possible to reduce the quantity of material necessary for producing the floating support 2, in that it is thus not necessary to provide a floating support 2 whose width L22 (ie the length of the side wall 22 and the side wall 23) is substantially equal to the width LB1 of the photovoltaic panel 3 (ie the length of the first B1 or second B2 large edge) .
- the fixing points F1, F1 'of the first 51 and the second holding arm 52 on the photovoltaic panel 3 are each located in an attachment zone ZF1, ZF1' such that the distance DPM, DPM ', separating an attachment point Fl, Fl 'of the median plane PM of the photovoltaic panel 3 is strictly greater than the distance DEB1, DEBF separating it from the end EB1, EBG of the first large-dimension edge B1 of the nearest photovoltaic panel 3.
- the invention further relates to a method for producing a modular assembly 1 according to the invention, comprising the steps of:
- Such a method is simple and quick to implement, in that it does not require any complex adjustment of the positioning of the photovoltaic panel 3 to ensure its fixation in a desired position on the floating support 2.
- An operator thus has only to assemble the different elements of the modular assembly 1 to obtain a fixation in the desired position of the photovoltaic panel 3 on the floating support 2.
- the position and inclination of the photovoltaic panel 3 with respect to the floating support 2 is predetermined by the position of the fixing points Fl, Fl ', F2, F2' of the second holding means 5, the length L51, L52 of the holding arm 51, 52, and the position of the first holding means 4 on the floating support 2.
- Steps a) to g), and more particularly steps d) to g) of the method according to the invention can be carried out chronologically in any order.
- step d) can be performed before step e), or vice versa
- step f) can be performed before step g), or vice versa.
- each of the steps d) to g) can be carried out, at least in part, near the installation site of the modular assembly 1 or, at least in part, in a workshop remote from the installation site, for example in factory.
- the upper end E5ls, E52s of each holding arm 51, 52 of the second holding means 5 comprises a bore 55s receiving a pivot axis 54s, of axis A1, said pivot axis 54s being also received in a fixing ring 53s, fixed on the photovoltaic panel 3 at the fixing point Fl, Fl ', and / or the lower end E5li, E52i of each holding arm 51, 52 of the second holding means 5 comprises a bore 55i receiving a pivot axis 54i, of axis Al ', said pivot axis 54i also being received in a fixing ring 53i, fixed on the floating support 2 at the point of attachment (F2, F2').
- step f) of the method comprises the following substeps:
- step g) comprises the following substeps:
- Such a step g) finds its application in the case where the four joints A5li, A5ls, A52i, A52s of the second holding means are ball joints R, as visible in the embodiments of Figures 1 to 7, 11 and 12 .
- each pivot connection P5li, P52i is formed of a pair of fixing housing 56i / pivot axis 57i, the fixing housing 56i comprising a first portion P56i formed on the holding arm 51, 52 and a second portion P56i 'provided on the floating support 2, the axis of the fixing housing 56i defining the axis of the pivot connection AP5li, AP52i, the axis 57i pivot being received in the fixing housing 56i so as to pivot about the axis of the pivot connection AP5li, AP52i, as visible in the embodiments of Figures 13 to 18, it can be provided a step g) , comprising the following substeps:
- step f) and step gl) are carried out prior to steps g2) and g3), for example in the workshop or on the installation site of the modular assembly, at a first workstation.
- PT1 in order to produce a first pre-assembled assembly 11 comprising the photovoltaic panel 3 provided with fixing rings 53s fixed at the fixing points Fl, Fl ', and the holding arms 51, 52 of the second holding means 5 fixed to the panel 3 by means of the pivot pins 54s, and a second pre-assembled assembly 12 comprising the floating support 2 provided with fixing rings 54i fixed at the fixing points F2, F2 ', the steps g2) and g3) being carried out at the installation site of the modular assembly, on a second workstation PT2, to assemble the two premounted assemblies 11, 12 to constitute the modular assembly 1.
- step f) can be carried out before steps gl ') and g2'), for example in workshop or on the installation site of the modular assembly, at a first workstation PT1, to produce a first pre-assembled assembly 11 comprising the photovoltaic panel 3 provided with fixation rings 53s fixed at the fixing points Fl, FF , and the holding arms 51, 52 of the second holding means 5 attached to the photovoltaic panel 3 via the pivot axes 54s, and a second pre-assembled assembly comprising the floating support 2, possibly comprising the second portions P56i 'of the fixing housing 56i, the steps gl ') and g2') being performed on the installation site of the modular assembly, on a second workstation PT2, in order to assemble the two pre-assembled cables 11, 12 to constitute the modular assembly 1.
- the installation site of the modular assembly 1 is understood to mean the place or the surroundings close to the place where the solar power station comprising said modular assembly 1 is intended to be installed during its operation, ie during its implementation for the production. of photovoltaic electricity.
- the installation site of the modular assembly 1 may for example consist of an edge of the body of water on which is planned to be installed said floating solar plant. Thanks to this advantageous arrangement of the method according to the invention, the realization of the modular assembly 1 according to the invention on the laying site is particularly simple and fast, since it is only necessary to perform the steps g2) and g3), or possibly the steps gl '), g2') of the method at the laying site to achieve said modular assembly 1. It is also conceivable, for the same advantages, to perform step d) of the process in the workshop remote from the installation site of the modular assembly, and step e) on the installation site of the modular assembly.
- the second pre-assembled assembly 12 may comprise the floating support 2 on which is fixed the first holding means 4, in particular the flexible section 41.
- the fixation of the fixing rings 53i at the fixing points F2, F2 'on the floating support 2 can also be carried out in the workshop, away from the laying site, said fixing rings 53i thus also belonging to the second pre-assembled assembly 12.
- such an arrangement also has the advantage of not complicating the transport of the various elements making up said modular assembly with respect to a method, in which the steps f) and gl) (or even d)) would be carried out on the site of pose, which requires the transport of the various components of the modular assembly 1 in a disassembled state.
- the holding arms 51, 52 can be fixed on the first large-dimension edge B1 of the photovoltaic panel so that they can be folded against a lower wall of the photovoltaic panel 3, which will limit the bulk of the first pre-assembled assembly 11 with respect to a photovoltaic panel 3 without said holding arms 51, 52.
- the transport of the second pre-assembled assembly 12 is not more tedious than the floating support 2.
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- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
- Pivots And Pivotal Connections (AREA)
Abstract
A modular assembly (1) for a floating solar power plant, comprising: - a floating support (2), - a photovoltaic panel (3), - an attachment system comprising: - a first retaining means (4) ensuring the retention of the photovoltaic panel (3) on the floating support (2), at at least one attachment point (F4), - a second retaining means (5) comprising two retaining arms (51, 52), the upper end of which (E51s, E52s) is mounted so as to pivot with respect to the photovoltaic panel (3), at an attachment point (F1, F1') and the lower end (E51i, E52i) is mounted so as to pivot with respect to the floating support (2), at an attachment point (F2, F2'), wherein the spacing (E24) between the attachment points (F2, F2') and the attachment points (F4) is configured to vary freely when the floating support deforms.
Description
ENSEMBLE MODULATRE POUR CENTRALE SOLATRE FLOTTANTE MODULATER ASSEMBLY FOR FLOATING SOLAR CENTER
DESCRIPTION DESCRIPTION
La présente invention concerne un ensemble modulaire pour une centrale solaire flottante et un procédé de réalisation d’un tel ensemble modulaire. The present invention relates to a modular assembly for a floating solar power plant and a method of producing such a modular assembly.
Le domaine de l’invention est celui de la pose et de la fixation des panneaux photovoltaïques, notamment sur un support flottant pour panneau photovoltaïque d’un élément modulaire pour une centrale solaire flottante. The field of the invention is that of the installation and fixing of photovoltaic panels, in particular on a floating support for photovoltaic panel of a modular element for a floating solar power station.
Les centrales solaires flottantes sont des installations de production d’électricité à partir de panneaux solaires, réalisées sous forme d’îlots recevant des panneaux photovoltaïques, prévus pour flotter sur des étendues d’eau, tels que des lacs ou des étangs. Ces îlots peuvent être composés d’une pluralité d’ensembles modulaires assemblés entre eux et disposés selon la forme souhaitée, chaque ensemble modulaire recevant un ou plusieurs panneaux photovoltaïques. Floating solar power plants are installations of electricity production from solar panels, made in the form of islands receiving photovoltaic panels, designed to float on water bodies, such as lakes or ponds. These islands may be composed of a plurality of modular assemblies assembled together and arranged in the desired form, each modular assembly receiving one or more photovoltaic panels.
Un ensemble modulaire est généralement constitué essentiellement d’un support flottant, d’un panneau photovoltaïque et d’un système de fixation permettant le maintien du panneau photovoltaïque sur le support flottant. A modular assembly generally consists essentially of a floating support, a photovoltaic panel and a fixing system for maintaining the photovoltaic panel on the floating support.
Un panneau photovoltaïque est, de façon courante, de forme sensiblement rectangulaire comportant deux bords de grande dimension et deux bords de petite dimension. Tl est prévu, de façon courante, que le système de fixation assure le maintien du panneau photovoltaïque au niveau de ses deux bords de grande dimension. A photovoltaic panel is currently substantially rectangular in shape with two large edges and two small edges. It is currently provided that the fastening system maintains the photovoltaic panel at its two large edges.
On connaît par exemple du document KR 1020160083441 un ensemble modulaire comprenant un panneau photovoltaïque, de forme rectangulaire, un support flottant recevant le panneau photovoltaïque, ainsi qu’un dispositif de fixation du panneau photovoltaïque sur le support flottant, prévu pour maintenir le panneau photovoltaïque, au niveau de ses deux bords de grande dimension. For example, document KR 1020160083441 discloses a modular assembly comprising a photovoltaic panel, of rectangular shape, a floating support receiving the photovoltaic panel, as well as a device for fixing the photovoltaic panel on the floating support, designed to hold the photovoltaic panel, at the level of its two large edges.
Comme visible sur la figure 3 de ce document, le dispositif de fixation comporte deux pattes de fixation repérées 131, fixées sensiblement au niveau des coins d’un bord avant du support flottant et deux tubes de fixation 134 sensiblement parallèles, fixés sensiblement au niveau des coins d’un bord arrière du support flottant, de sorte à assurer la fixation du panneau photovoltaïque, au niveau de ses deux bords de grande dimension, en deux points de chacun desdits bords de grande dimension. Chaque patte de fixation et chaque tube de fixation sont munis d’un perçage traversant au niveau de As can be seen in FIG. 3 of this document, the fastening device comprises two identified fastening tabs 131, fixed substantially at the corners of a front edge of the floating support and two substantially parallel fastening tubes 134, fixed substantially at the level of corners of a rear edge of the floating support, so as to ensure the fixing of the photovoltaic panel, at its two large edges, at two points of each of said large edges. Each fixing lug and each fixing tube are provided with a through hole at the level of
FEUI LLE RECTI FI ÉE (RÈGLE 91) ISA/ EP
son extrémité située du côté opposé au support flottant afin de recevoir un axe de pivot. Le panneau photovoltaïque est monté sur les pattes de fixation et sur les tubes de fixation par l’intermédiaire de quatre chapes repérées 132 et 136, fixées au niveau de quatre points de fixation du panneau photovoltaïque, lesdites chapes comportant également deux perçages afin de recevoir ledit axe de pivot. FIREFUL LIGHT RECEIVED (RULE 91) ISA / EP its end located on the opposite side to the floating support to receive a pivot axis. The photovoltaic panel is mounted on the fixing lugs and on the fixing tubes by means of four copings 132 and 136, fixed at four fixing points of the photovoltaic panel, said screeds also including two holes in order to receive said pivot axis.
Chacune des chapes de fixation est ainsi montée pivotante, autour de l’axe de pivot sur chacune des pattes de fixation et sur chacun des tubes de fixation, au niveau d’une première extrémité de chacun des tubes de fixation, fixés au support flottant. Par ailleurs, chaque tube de fixation repéré 134 est reçu en coulissement dans un tube de réglage l33a, au niveau de leur deuxième extrémité. Ce tube de réglage l33a est monté pivotant sur le support flottant, disposé parallèlement au panneau photovoltaïque et perpendiculairement aux tubes de fixation. Des goupilles 135 sont prévues afin d’immobiliser en translation chaque tube de fixation par rapport au tube de réglage, lorsque le panneau photovoltaïque est positionné selon l’inclinaison souhaitée par rapport au support flottant. Each of the fixing screeds is thus pivotally mounted around the pivot axis on each of the fixing lugs and on each of the fixing tubes, at a first end of each of the fixing tubes, fixed to the floating support. In addition, each identified fixing tube 134 is slidably received in an adjustment tube 13a, at their second end. This adjustment tube 13a is pivotally mounted on the floating support, arranged parallel to the photovoltaic panel and perpendicular to the fixing tubes. Pins 135 are provided to immobilize in translation each fixing tube relative to the adjustment tube, when the photovoltaic panel is positioned at the desired inclination relative to the floating support.
Un tel dispositif de fixation présente l’avantage de réaliser une liaison entre le panneau photovoltaïque et le support flottant qui autorise le réglage du panneau selon différentes inclinaisons sur le support flottant (voir par exemple la figure 4 de ce document). Pour ce faire, on fait coulisser les tubes de fixation 134 dans les tubes de réglages 133a jusqu’à l’inclinaison du panneau souhaitée, puis on procède au verrouillage de la position en insérant les goupilles dans les trous de réglage les plus adaptés sur les tubes de fixation 134. Such a fixing device has the advantage of making a connection between the photovoltaic panel and the floating support which allows the panel to be adjusted in different inclinations on the floating support (see for example Figure 4 of this document). To do this, the fixing tubes 134 are slid into the adjustment tubes 133a until the inclination of the desired panel, then the position is locked by inserting the pins in the most suitable adjustment holes on the fixing tubes 134.
Néanmoins, un tel dispositif de fixation présente l’inconvénient que le panneau photovoltaïque est relié au support flottant par l’intermédiaire de liaisons pivots ayant toutes des axes parallèles. Ainsi, ce dispositif de fixation ne va pas empêcher la transmission d’efforts entre le panneau photovoltaïque et le support flottant lorsque les efforts sont orientés selon les axes desdites liaisons pivots, i.e. selon l’axe du tube de réglage. Nevertheless, such a fixing device has the disadvantage that the photovoltaic panel is connected to the floating support by means of pivot links having all parallel axes. Thus, this fixing device will not prevent the transmission of forces between the photovoltaic panel and the floating support when the forces are oriented along the axes of said pivot links, i.e. along the axis of the adjustment tube.
En effet, le support flottant va par exemple encaisser des efforts engendrés par sa déformation lors de la dilatation ou de la contraction du matériau le composant. De plus, un tel ensemble modulaire est généralement relié, au niveau du support flottant, à d’autres ensembles modulaires, afin de constituer la centrale flottante, ou à la terre, afin Indeed, the floating support will for example cash efforts generated by its deformation during the expansion or contraction of the component material. In addition, such a modular assembly is generally connected, at the level of the floating support, to other modular assemblies, in order to constitute the floating power station, or to the earth, in order to
FEUILLE RECTIFIÉE (RÈGLE 91) ISA/EP
de maintenir en position ladite centrale flottante, ce qui va également générer des efforts dans le support flottant 2. RECTIFIED SHEET (RULE 91) ISA / EP to maintain in position said floating plant, which will also generate efforts in the floating support 2.
De plus, et selon les constatations des inventeurs, les tubes de fixation de ce dispositif de fixation, sont nécessairement disposées parallèles entre eux pour permettre le réglage d’inclinaison précité, ce qui nuit à la stabilité du maintien du panneau photovoltaïque sur le support flottant, le panneau photovoltaïque étant dans une position d’équilibre instable par rapport au support flottant. In addition, and according to the findings of the inventors, the fixing tubes of this fixing device, are necessarily arranged parallel to each other to allow the aforementioned inclination adjustment, which affects the stability of the maintenance of the photovoltaic panel on the floating support , the photovoltaic panel being in a position of unstable equilibrium with respect to the floating support.
En effet, et selon les observations des inventeurs, les tubes de fixation décrivent avec la paroi supérieure du support flottant et le bord de grande dimension du panneau photovoltaïque un rectangle, qui, en cas de sollicitation du panneau photovoltaïque selon la direction du bord de grande dimension va avoir tendance à se transformer en parallélogramme (non rectangle), empêchant ainsi le retour à sa position initiale du panneau photovoltaïque par rapport au support flottant. Indeed, and according to the observations of the inventors, the fixing tubes describe with the upper wall of the floating support and the large edge of the photovoltaic panel a rectangle, which, in case of stress of the photovoltaic panel in the direction of the edge of large dimension will tend to turn into a parallelogram (not rectangle), thus preventing the return to its initial position of the photovoltaic panel relative to the floating support.
Le système de réglage de l’inclinaison du panneau photovoltaïque qui consiste à faire coulisser les tubes de fixation au travers du tube de réglage jusqu’à une position souhaitée, ne permet pas d’envisager un autre positionnement des tubes de fixation par rapport au support flottant. The system for adjusting the inclination of the photovoltaic panel, which consists in sliding the fixing tubes through the adjustment tube to a desired position, does not make it possible to envisage another positioning of the fixing tubes with respect to the support floating.
En conséquence, les chapes de fixation 136 sur le panneau photovoltaïque sont situées en deux points situés dans une zone médiane du panneau, plus près du plan médian du panneau que des extrémités du bord de grande dimension. Ainsi, les efforts s’exerçant sur les bords latéraux du panneau, notamment ceux dus au vent, à distance de ces points de fixation, créent des contraintes en flexion importantes dans le panneau, à cause du bras de levier important entre le point d’application d’un tel effort et le point de fixation du panneau, qui vont également détériorer le panneau à plus ou moins long terme. Consequently, the fixing screeds 136 on the photovoltaic panel are situated at two points situated in a median zone of the panel, closer to the median plane of the panel than to the ends of the large edge. Thus, the forces exerted on the lateral edges of the panel, especially those due to the wind, at a distance from these attachment points, create significant bending stresses in the panel, because of the important lever between the point of application of such a force and the point of attachment of the panel, which will also deteriorate the panel more or less long term.
On connaît encore du document WO 2014/165609 Al, un système de montage de panneau photovoltaïque employant un pneumatique en gomme comme support pour un panneau photo voltaïque. Also known from WO 2014/165609 A1, a photovoltaic panel mounting system employing a rubber tire as a support for a photovoltaic panel.
Un tel support est prévu pour assurer la disposition d’un panneau photovoltaïque directement sur le sol. Such a support is provided to ensure the provision of a photovoltaic panel directly on the ground.
Selon ce document WO 2014/165609 Al, et comme visible aux figures 1 à 3 de ce document, le panneau est pourvu d’un cadre prévu pour recouvrir les bords du panneau, et notamment les bords de grande dimension du panneau photovoltaïque, lequel étant According to this document WO 2014/165609 A1, and as visible in FIGS. 1 to 3 of this document, the panel is provided with a frame provided for covering the edges of the panel, and in particular the large-sized edges of the photovoltaic panel, which is
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prévu de forme sensiblement rectangulaire. Les poutres formant le cadre au niveau des bords de grande dimension sont reliées à des plaques de flexion, repérées, 7 et 18, coulissantes le long desdites poutres. RECTIFIED SHEET (RULE 91) ISA / EP provided substantially rectangular shape. The beams forming the frame at the large edges are connected to bending plates, marked, 7 and 18, sliding along said beams.
La plaque de flexion repérée 7 au niveau d’un bord avant du panneau photovoltaïque est fixée directement sur la face supérieure du pneumatique. The bending plate marked 7 at a front edge of the photovoltaic panel is fixed directly on the upper face of the tire.
La plaque de flexion amère 18 est fixée à distance du pneumatique par l’intermédiaire d’une première paire de tubes 17 assurant ainsi une inclinaison du panneau. The bitter bending plate 18 is fixed at a distance from the tire by means of a first pair of tubes 17 thus ensuring an inclination of the panel.
La première paire de tubes 17 est prévue pour être disposée sensiblement dans un plan vertical au niveau d’un bord arrière du panneau photovoltaïque et pour que l’extrémité supérieure de chaque tube soit fixée à la plaque de flexion 18 au niveau du bord arrière du panneau photovoltaïque et que l’extrémité inférieure de chaque tube soit fixée sur le pneumatique au niveau d’un bord arrière du pneumatique. The first pair of tubes 17 is intended to be disposed substantially in a vertical plane at a rear edge of the photovoltaic panel and for the upper end of each tube to be fixed to the bending plate 18 at the rear edge of the photovoltaic panel. photovoltaic panel and that the lower end of each tube is fixed on the tire at a rear edge of the tire.
De manière notable une deuxième paire de tubes, repérée 26 est prévue pour être disposée dans un plan sensiblement horizontal à proximité de la face supérieure du pneumatique en reliant, les extrémités inférieures de chaque tube 17 de la paire de tubes verticaux d’une part, à la plaque de flexion au niveau du bord avant du panneau, d’autre part. Notably a second pair of tubes, marked 26 is provided to be arranged in a substantially horizontal plane near the upper face of the tire by connecting the lower ends of each tube 17 of the pair of vertical tubes on the one hand, to the bending plate at the front edge of the panel, on the other hand.
Ainsi, après avoir donné l’inclinaison souhaitée au panneau sur le pneumatique, un opérateur peut ressemer l’ensemble des moyens de fixation assurant la fixation des différentes paires de tube sur le pneumatique et sur le panneau photovoltaïque afin de rigidifier l’ensemble et empêcher que le panneau photovoltaïque ne bouge par rapport au pneumatique. Thus, after having given the desired inclination to the panel on the tire, an operator can ressemer the set of fixing means ensuring the attachment of the different pairs of tube on the tire and on the photovoltaic panel to stiffen the assembly and prevent that the photovoltaic panel does not move relative to the tire.
Un tel dispositif de fixation du panneau sur un pneumatique présente l’inconvénient d’assurer une fixation rigide du panneau photovoltaïque sur le pneumatique. En effet, l’emploi d’une paire de tubes repérés 26 disposés sensiblement horizontalement pour relier un point de fixation entre la plaque de flexion au niveau du bord arrière du panneau photovoltaïque et le pneumatique et un point de fixation de la plaque de flexion au niveau du bord arrière du panneau photovoltaïque sur le pneumatique, empêche le déplacement relatif de ces points de fixation. Such a device for fixing the panel on a tire has the disadvantage of ensuring rigid attachment of the photovoltaic panel on the tire. Indeed, the use of a pair of marked tubes 26 disposed substantially horizontally to connect an attachment point between the bending plate at the rear edge of the photovoltaic panel and the tire and a point of attachment of the bending plate to level of the rear edge of the photovoltaic panel on the tire, prevents relative movement of these attachment points.
Ainsi, le pneumatique, notamment parce qu’il est réalisé en gomme souple, agit comme un amortisseur de chocs en se déformant afin d’encaisser les efforts reçus par le panneau photovoltaïque et par le dispositif de fixation du panneau photovoltaïque. En Thus, the tire, in particular because it is made of flexible rubber, acts as a shock absorber by deforming in order to collect the forces received by the photovoltaic panel and by the fixing device of the photovoltaic panel. In
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effet, les efforts reçus par le panneau photovoltaïque sont repris par les tubes 26 du dispositif de fixation, afin que celui-ci demeure en position fixe, et sont transmis au pneumatique qui va se déformer pour encaisser ces efforts. RECTIFIED SHEET (RULE 91) ISA / EP Indeed, the forces received by the photovoltaic panel are taken up by the tubes 26 of the fixing device, so that it remains in a fixed position, and are transmitted to the tire which will deform to collect these forces.
Néanmoins, et selon les constatations de l’inventeur un tel dispositif de fixation est peu adapté pour le montage d’un panneau photovoltaïque sur un support flottant. En effet, un support flottant est généralement réalisé sous la forme d’une enveloppe creuse en matériau thermoplastique, qui ne se déforme donc pas aussi aisément que la gomme d’un pneumatique pour encaisser les chocs. Ainsi, l’emploi d’un tel dispositif de fixation sur une enveloppe thermoplastique, et notamment ladite paire de tubes horizontaux va fortement contraindre le support flottant, notamment selon une direction horizontale, ce qui va le détériorer à plus ou moins long terme. Nevertheless, and according to the findings of the inventor such a fixing device is not suitable for mounting a photovoltaic panel on a floating support. Indeed, a floating support is generally made in the form of a hollow envelope of thermoplastic material, which therefore does not deform as easily as the rubber of a tire to collect shocks. Thus, the use of such a fixing device on a thermoplastic envelope, and in particular said pair of horizontal tubes will strongly constrain the floating support, in particular in a horizontal direction, which will deteriorate more or less long term.
L’invention se propose donc de pallier à ces inconvénients, en proposant un ensemble modulaire pour centrale solaire flottante, permettant de réduire les sollicitations du panneau photovoltaïque et du support flottant recevant le panneau solaire en particulier lorsque le support flottant se contracte ou se dilate, tout en assurant un maintien optimal du panneau photovoltaïque sur ledit support flottant quelles que soient les conditions météorologiques, et en particulier en cas de vents fort. The invention therefore proposes to overcome these disadvantages, by proposing a modular assembly for a floating solar power station, making it possible to reduce the stresses on the photovoltaic panel and the floating support receiving the solar panel, in particular when the floating support contracts or expands, while ensuring optimum maintenance of the photovoltaic panel on said floating support whatever the weather, and especially in strong winds.
L’invention propose également un ensemble modulaire de réalisation simple et rapide, et au coût réduit. The invention also proposes a modular assembly of simple and fast realization, and at reduced cost.
Ainsi, l’invention concerne un ensemble modulaire pour centrale solaire flottante comportant : Thus, the invention relates to a modular assembly for a floating solar power station comprising:
- un support flottant pour panneau photovoltaïque, a floating support for photovoltaic panel,
- un panneau photovoltaïque de forme rectangulaire, comprenant quatre bords parallèles deux à deux : deux bords de grande dimension et deux bords de petite dimension, a photovoltaic panel of rectangular shape, comprising four parallel edges two by two: two large-sized edges and two small-sized edges,
- un système de fixation assurant le maintien du panneau photovoltaïque sur le support flottant, au niveau de ses deux bords de plus grande dimension, a fixing system ensuring the maintenance of the photovoltaic panel on the floating support, at its two edges of larger size,
dans lequel ledit système de fixation comporte : wherein said fastening system comprises:
- un premier moyen de maintien assurant le maintien du panneau photovoltaïque sur le support flottant, reliant un premier bord de grande dimension du panneau photovoltaïque au support flottant, au niveau d’un point de fixation L4 sur le support flottant, a first holding means ensuring the maintenance of the photovoltaic panel on the floating support, connecting a first large edge of the photovoltaic panel to the floating support, at a point of attachment L4 on the floating support,
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- un deuxième moyen de maintien assurant le maintien du panneau photovoltaïque au niveau d’un deuxième bord de grande dimension du panneau photovoltaïque, comprenant deux bras de maintien, dits premier bras de maintien et deuxième bras de maintien, comportant chacun une extrémité supérieure et une extrémité inférieure, l’extrémité supérieure du premier bras de maintien étant montée pivotante par rapport au panneau photovoltaïque, par l’intermédiaire d’une première articulation supérieure, au niveau d’un point de fixation Fl sur le panneau photovoltaïque et l’extrémité supérieure du deuxième bras de maintien étant montée pivotante par rapport au panneau photovoltaïque, par l’intermédiaire d’une deuxième articulation supérieure, au niveau d’un point de fixation Fl’ sur le panneau photo voltaïque; l’extrémité inférieure du premier bras de maintien étant montée pivotante par rapport au support flottant, par l’intermédiaire d’une première articulation inférieure, au niveau d’un point de fixation F2 sur le support flottant, et l’extrémité inférieure du deuxième bras de maintien étant montée pivotante par rapport au support flottant, par l’intermédiaire d’une deuxième articulation inférieure, au niveau d’un point de fixation F2’ sur le support flottant, dans lequel l’écartement entre les deux points de fixation Fl, Fl’ sur le panneau photovoltaïque est strictement supérieur à l’écartement entre les deux points de fixation F2, F2’ sur le support flottant. RECTIFIED SHEET (RULE 91) ISA / EP - A second holding means ensuring the maintenance of the photovoltaic panel at a second large edge of the photovoltaic panel, comprising two holding arms, said first holding arm and second holding arm, each having an upper end and a lower end, the upper end of the first holding arm being pivotally mounted relative to the photovoltaic panel, via a first upper hinge, at a fixing point Fl on the photovoltaic panel and the upper end the second holding arm being pivotally mounted with respect to the photovoltaic panel, via a second upper hinge, at a fixing point Fl 'on the photovoltaic panel; the lower end of the first holding arm being pivotally mounted relative to the floating support, via a first lower hinge, at a fixing point F2 on the floating support, and the lower end of the second holding arm being pivotally mounted relative to the floating support, via a second lower hinge, at a fixing point F2 'on the floating support, wherein the spacing between the two fixing points Fl , Fl 'on the photovoltaic panel is strictly greater than the spacing between the two fixing points F2, F2' on the floating support.
et dans lequel l’écartement d’ancrage sur le support flottant entre les points de fixation F2, F2’ du bras de maintien sur le support flottant, d’une part, et les points de fixation F4 du premier moyen de maintien sur le support flottant, d’autre part, est configuré pour varier librement lorsque le support flottant se déforme, and wherein the anchoring distance on the support floating between the fixing points F2, F2 'of the holding arm on the floating support, on the one hand, and the fixing points F4 of the first holding means on the support float, on the other hand, is configured to vary freely when the floating support is deformed,
la première articulation supérieure, la deuxième articulation supérieure, la première articulation inférieure et la deuxième articulation inférieure étant configurées pour autoriser la déformation sans contrainte de la structure formée par les deux bras de maintien lorsque ledit écartement d’ancrage varie. the first upper hinge, the second upper hinge, the first lower hinge and the second lower hinge being configured to allow stress-free deformation of the structure formed by the two holding arms when said anchoring gap varies.
Selon des caractéristiques optionnelles de l’invention prises seules ou en combinaison : According to optional features of the invention taken alone or in combination:
- la première articulation inférieure et/ou la deuxième articulation inférieure est une liaison pivot d’axe, perpendiculaire à une direction horizontale et sensiblement verticale lorsque le support flottant est positionné sur une étendue d’eau, the first lower articulation and / or the second lower articulation is an axis pivot connection, perpendicular to a horizontal direction and substantially vertical when the floating support is positioned on a body of water,
- au moins une liaison pivot est formée d’un couple logement de fixation/axe de pivot, l’axe du logement de fixation définissant l’axe de la liaison pivot, l’axe de pivot étant reçu dans le logement de fixation de sorte à pivoter autour de l’axe de la liaison pivot, - At least one pivot connection is formed of a fixing housing torque / pivot axis, the axis of the fixing housing defining the axis of the pivot connection, the pivot axis being received in the fixing housing so to pivot around the axis of the pivot connection,
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- l’axe de pivot est réalisé sous la forme d’une goupille amovible, RECTIFIED SHEET (RULE 91) ISA / EP the pivot axis is made in the form of a removable pin,
- la première articulation supérieure et/ou la deuxième articulation supérieure est réalisée sous la forme d’une liaison rotule, the first upper articulation and / or the second upper articulation is in the form of a ball joint,
- la première articulation supérieure, la deuxième articulation supérieure, la première articulation inférieure et la deuxième articulation inférieure sont réalisées sous la forme de liaisons rotules, the first upper hinge, the second upper hinge, the first lower hinge and the second lower hinge are made in the form of ball joints,
- chaque liaison rotule est formée d’un couple anneau de fixation/axe de pivot, l’axe de l’anneau de fixation définissant un premier axe de rotation Al, A G de la liaison rotule, l’axe de pivot étant reçu dans l’anneau de fixation de sorte à pivoter autour de ce premier axe de rotation Al, A et autour d’un deuxième axe A2, A2’, perpendiculaire au premier axe Al, AG, et autour d’un troisième axe A3, A3’, perpendiculaire au premier axe Al, AG et au deuxième axe A2, A2’, l’amplitude angulaire de la rotation autour du premier axe Al, A étant strictement supérieure à l’amplitude angulaire de la rotation autour du deuxième axe A2, A2’ et à l’amplitude angulaire de la rotation autour du troisième axe A3, A3’, each ball joint is formed of a pair of fixing ring / pivot axis, the axis of the fixing ring defining a first axis of rotation A1, AG of the ball joint, the pivot axis being received in the ball joint, fixing ring so as to pivot about this first axis of rotation Al, A and about a second axis A2, A2 ', perpendicular to the first axis A1, AG, and about a third axis A3, A3', perpendicular to the first axis A1, AG and the second axis A2, A2 ', the angular amplitude of the rotation about the first axis A1, A being strictly greater than the angular amplitude of the rotation about the second axis A2, A2' and to the angular amplitude of the rotation about the third axis A3, A3 ',
- l’amplitude angulaire autour du deuxième axe A2, A2’ et autour du troisième axe A3, A3’ est comprise entre 5° et 30°, the angular amplitude around the second axis A2, A2 'and around the third axis A3, A3' is between 5 ° and 30 °,
- au moins un anneau de fixation est de forme torique, at least one fastening ring is of toric form,
- les anneaux de fixation des rotules au niveau des points de fixation F2, F2’ sur le support flottant sont disposés sur le support flottant de telle sorte que leurs centres respectifs sont reliés par une droite parallèle aux bords de grande dimension du panneau photovoltaïque, - The fixing rings of the ball joints at the fixing points F2, F2 'on the floating support are arranged on the floating support so that their respective centers are connected by a straight line parallel to the large-sized edges of the photovoltaic panel,
- l’extrémité supérieure d’au moins un bras de maintien du deuxième moyen de maintien comporte un perçage recevant un axe de pivot de la liaison rotule, ledit axe de pivot étant également reçu dans un anneau de fixation de la liaison rotule, fixé sur le panneau photovoltaïque au niveau du point de fixation Fl, Fl’, ledit anneau de fixation étant configuré de sorte à autoriser la rotation de l’axe de pivot autour du premier axe de rotation Al et autour des deux axes de rotation A2, A3, perpendiculaires au premier axe de rotation Al , et/ou l’extrémité inférieure dudit bras de maintien 51 , 52 du deuxième moyen de maintien comporte un perçage recevant un axe de pivot de la liaison rotule, ledit axe de pivot étant également reçu dans un anneau de fixation de la liaison rotule, fixé sur le support flottant au niveau du point de fixation F2, F2’, ledit anneau de - The upper end of at least one holding arm of the second holding means comprises a bore receiving a pivot axis of the ball joint, said pivot pin being also received in a ring fixing the ball joint, fixed on the photovoltaic panel at the fixing point Fl, Fl ', said fixing ring being configured to allow rotation of the pivot axis about the first axis of rotation A1 and around the two axes of rotation A2, A3, perpendicular to the first axis of rotation A1, and / or the lower end of said holding arm 51, 52 of the second holding means comprises a bore receiving a pivot axis of the ball joint, said pivot axis being also received in a ring fixing the ball joint, fixed on the floating support at the fixing point F2, F2 ', said ring of
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fixation étant configuré de sorte à autoriser la rotation de l’axe de pivot autour du premier axe de rotation Al et autour des deux axes de rotation A2, A3, perpendiculaires au premier axe de rotation Al, RECTIFIED SHEET (RULE 91) ISA / EP fixing being configured to allow rotation of the pivot axis about the first axis of rotation A1 and around the two axes of rotation A2, A3, perpendicular to the first axis of rotation A1,
- au moins un axe de pivot formant une liaison rotule est constitué par une goupille amovible, at least one pivot axis forming a ball joint is constituted by a removable pin,
- le premier moyen de maintien du système de fixation comprend un profilé souple, fixé sur le support flottant, selon la direction longitudinale des bords parallèles de grande dimension du panneau photovoltaïque, le profilé souple étant configuré de sorte à autoriser un pivotement du panneau photovoltaïque par rapport au support flottant autour d’un axe orienté selon ladite direction sensiblement transversale, uniquement en se déformant, the first fastening means of the fixing system comprises a flexible section, fixed on the floating support, in the longitudinal direction of the large parallel edges of the photovoltaic panel, the flexible section being configured so as to allow a pivoting of the photovoltaic panel by relative to the support floating around an axis oriented in said substantially transverse direction, only by deforming,
- le panneau photovoltaïque est muni d’un cadre comportant au moins deux longerons prévus pour recouvrir les bords de grande dimension du panneau photovoltaïque, le premier et le deuxième moyen de maintien du système de fixation maintenant le panneau photovoltaïque au niveau du cadre, the photovoltaic panel is provided with a frame comprising at least two longitudinal members intended to cover the large-sized edges of the photovoltaic panel, the first and the second holding means of the fixing system holding the photovoltaic panel at the frame,
- le panneau photovoltaïque est disposé débordant latéralement des deux côtés du support flottant, the photovoltaic panel is arranged protruding laterally on both sides of the floating support,
- les points de fixation Fl, Fl’ du premier et du deuxième bras de maintien sur le panneau photovoltaïque sont chacun situés dans une zone de fixation ZF1, ZF1’ telle que la distance séparant un point de fixation Fl, Fl’ du plan médian du panneau photovoltaïque est strictement supérieure à la distance le séparant de l’extrémité du premier bord de grande dimension du panneau photovoltaïque la plus proche, the fixing points F1, F1 'of the first and second holding arms on the photovoltaic panel are each located in an attachment zone ZF1, ZF1' such that the distance separating a fixing point F1, F1 'from the median plane of photovoltaic panel is strictly greater than the distance separating it from the end of the first large-dimension edge of the nearest photovoltaic panel,
- le support flottant est une enveloppe plastique. the floating support is a plastic envelope.
L’invention concerne également un procédé de réalisation d’un ensemble modulaire pour centrale solaire flottante selon l’invention comprenant les étapes : The invention also relates to a method for producing a modular assembly for floating solar power plant according to the invention comprising the steps:
a) fourniture du panneau photovoltaïque de forme rectangulaire, comprenant quatre bords parallèles deux à deux : deux bords de grande dimension et deux bords de petite dimension, a) supplying the photovoltaic panel of rectangular shape, comprising four edges parallel two by two: two large edges and two small edges,
b) fourniture du support flottant pour panneau photovoltaïque, b) supply of the floating support for photovoltaic panel,
c) fourniture du système de fixation du panneau photovoltaïque sur le support flottant pour panneau photovoltaïque, comprenant le premier moyen de maintien et le deuxième moyen de maintien, c) supplying the photovoltaic panel fixing system to the floating support for photovoltaic panel, comprising the first holding means and the second holding means,
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d) fixation du premier moyen de maintien du système de fixation sur le support flottant, FIREFUL LIGHT RECEIVED (RULE 91) ISA / EP d) fixing the first fixing means of the fastening system on the floating support,
e) fixation du panneau photovoltaïque au niveau d’un premier bord de grande dimension sur le premier moyen de maintien du système de fixation, e) fixing the photovoltaic panel at a first large edge on the first fastening means of the fastening system,
f) fixation de l’extrémité supérieure de chaque bras de maintien du deuxième moyen de maintien du système de fixation sur le panneau photovoltaïque, g) fixation de l’extrémité inférieure de chaque bras de maintien du deuxième moyen de maintien du système de fixation sur le support flottant. f) fixing the upper end of each holding arm of the second fastening means of the fastening system on the photovoltaic panel, g) fixing the lower end of each holding arm of the second fastening means of the fastening system on the floating support.
Selon un mode de réalisation, l’extrémité supérieure de chaque bras de maintien du deuxième moyen de maintien comporte un trou recevant un axe de pivot, d’axe Al, ledit axe de pivot étant également reçu dans un anneau de fixation, fixé sur le panneau photovoltaïque au niveau du point de fixation Fl, Fl’, et/ou l’extrémité inférieure de chaque bras de maintien du deuxième moyen de maintien comporte un perçage recevant un axe de pivot, d’axe Al’, ledit axe de pivot étant également reçu dans un anneau de fixation, fixé sur le support flottant au niveau du point de fixation F2, F2’, dans lequel l’étape f) comprend les sous-étapes suivantes : According to one embodiment, the upper end of each holding arm of the second holding means comprises a hole receiving a pivot axis, Al axis, said pivot axis being also received in a fixing ring, fixed on the photovoltaic panel at the fixing point Fl, Fl ', and / or the lower end of each holding arm of the second holding means comprises a bore receiving a pivot axis, axis Al', said pivot axis being also received in a fixing ring, fixed on the floating support at the point of attachment F2, F2 ', wherein step f) comprises the following substeps:
fl) fixation des deux anneaux de fixation au niveau des points de fixation Fl, Fl’ sur le panneau photovoltaïque, fl) fixing the two fixing rings at the fixing points Fl, Fl 'on the photovoltaic panel,
f2) mise en concordance du perçage de l’extrémité supérieure de chaque bras de maintien avec l’anneau de fixation correspondant, f2) matching the drilling of the upper end of each holding arm with the corresponding fixing ring,
O) mise en place de chaque axe de pivot dans chaque perçage et dans chaque anneau de fixation correspondant, O) setting up each pivot axis in each hole and in each corresponding fixing ring,
et/ou, l’étape g) comprend les sous-étapes suivantes : and / or, step g) comprises the following substeps:
gl) fixation des deux anneaux de fixation au niveau des points de fixation F2, F2’ sur le support flottant, gl) fixing the two fixing rings at the fixing points F2, F2 'on the floating support,
g2) mise en concordance du perçage inférieure de chaque bras de maintien avec l’anneau de fixation correspondant, g2) matching the lower bore of each holding arm with the corresponding fixing ring,
g3) mise en place de chaque axe de pivot dans chaque perçage et dans chaque anneau de fixation correspondant. g3) setting up each pivot axis in each piercing and in each corresponding fixing ring.
Selon un mode de réalisation, l’étape f) et l’étape gl) sont réalisées préalablement aux étapes g2) et g3), par exemple en atelier ou sur le site de pose de l’ensemble modulaire, à un premier poste de travail, afin de réaliser un premier ensemble prémonté comportant According to one embodiment, step f) and step gl) are carried out prior to steps g2) and g3), for example in the workshop or on the installation site of the modular assembly, at a first workstation. , in order to produce a first pre-assembled assembly comprising
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le panneau photovoltaïque muni des anneaux de fixation fixés au niveau des points de fixation Fl, Fl’ et les bras de maintien du deuxième moyen de maintien fixés au panneau photovoltaïque par l’intermédiaire des axes de pivot, et un deuxième ensemble prémonté comportant le support flottant muni des anneaux de fixation fixés au niveau des points de fixation F2, F2’, les étapes g2) et g3) étant réalisées sur le site de pose de l’ensemble modulaire, à un deuxième poste de travail, afin d’assembler les deux ensembles prémontés pour constituer l’ensemble modulaire. RECTIFIED SHEET (RULE 91) ISA / EP the photovoltaic panel provided with fixing rings fixed at the fixing points Fl, Fl 'and the holding arms of the second holding means fixed to the photovoltaic panel by means of the pivot pins, and a second pre-assembled assembly comprising the support floating with fastening rings fixed at the fixing points F2, F2 ', the steps g2) and g3) being performed on the installation site of the modular assembly, at a second workstation, to assemble the two sets pre-assembled to form the modular assembly.
L’invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description suivante accompagnée des figures en annexe, parmi lesquelles : The invention will be better understood on reading the following description accompanied by the appended figures, among which:
- La figure 1 est une vue en perspective d’un ensemble modulaire selon un premier mode de réalisation conforme à l’invention, FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a modular assembly according to a first embodiment according to the invention,
- La figure 2 est une vue de face de l’ensemble modulaire représenté à la figure 1, FIG. 2 is a front view of the modular assembly represented in FIG. 1;
- La figure 3 est une vue de côté de l’ensemble modulaire représenté à la figure 1,FIG. 3 is a side view of the modular assembly represented in FIG. 1;
- La figure 4 est une vue de détail de la figure 1 représentant l’assemblage entre l’extrémité supérieure d’un bras de maintien et le panneau photovoltaïque, FIG. 4 is a detailed view of FIG. 1 showing the connection between the upper end of a holding arm and the photovoltaic panel,
- La figure 5 est une vue de détail de la figure 2, dans laquelle un bras de maintien a été enlevé, FIG. 5 is a detail view of FIG. 2, in which a holding arm has been removed,
- La figure 6 est une vue de côté de la figure 5, FIG. 6 is a side view of FIG. 5,
- La figure 7 est une vue en perspective d’un premier ensemble prémonté permettant de mettre en œuvre le procédé selon un mode de réalisation conforme à l’invention, FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a first pre-assembled assembly making it possible to implement the method according to an embodiment according to the invention,
- La figure 8 est une vue en perspective d’un deuxième ensemble prémonté permettant de mettre en œuvre le procédé selon un mode de réalisation conforme à l’invention,FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a second pre-assembled assembly making it possible to implement the method according to an embodiment according to the invention,
- La figure 9 est une vue en perspective d’un bras de maintien isolé d’un ensemble modulaire conforme à l’invention, FIG. 9 is a perspective view of an isolated holding arm of a modular assembly according to the invention;
- La figure 10 est une vue en perspective d’un profilé souple isolé d’un ensemble modulaire conforme à l’invention, FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a flexible section isolated from a modular assembly according to the invention,
- La figure 11 est une vue de face de l’ensemble modulaire représenté à la figure 1, dans laquelle les deux bras de maintien ont été enlevés, FIG. 11 is a front view of the modular assembly shown in FIG. 1, in which the two holding arms have been removed,
- La figure 12 une vue de côté similaire à la figure 6 représentant un mode de réalisation dans lequel le panneau photovoltaïque est muni d’un cadre et un profilé de pincement reçoit un longeron de ce cadre, FIG. 12 is a side view similar to FIG. 6, showing an embodiment in which the photovoltaic panel is provided with a frame, and a pinch profile receives a beam of this frame,
FEUILLE RECTIFIÉE (RÈGLE 91) ISA/EP
- La figure 13 est une vue de face d’un ensemble modulaire selon un deuxième mode de réalisation conforme à l’invention, RECTIFIED SHEET (RULE 91) ISA / EP FIG. 13 is a front view of a modular assembly according to a second embodiment according to the invention,
- La figure 14 est une vue de détail de l’ensemble modulaire de la figure 13, dans laquelle un bras de maintien a été enlevé, FIG. 14 is a detailed view of the modular assembly of FIG. 13, in which a holding arm has been removed,
- La figure 15 est une vue de détail en perspective de l’ensemble modulaire de la figure 13, FIG. 15 is a detailed perspective view of the modular assembly of FIG. 13,
- La figure 16 est une vue de côté d’un bras de maintien, muni de l’axe de rotation et de l’anneau de fixation de la première articulation supérieure, ainsi que de l’axe de rotation de la première articulation inférieure de l’ensemble modulaire de la figure 13, FIG. 16 is a side view of a holding arm provided with the axis of rotation and the fixing ring of the first upper articulation, as well as the axis of rotation of the first lower articulation of FIG. the modular assembly of FIG. 13,
- La figure 17 est une vue de détail de face de l’ensemble modulaire de la figure 1, FIG. 17 is a front detail view of the modular assembly of FIG. 1,
- La figure 18 est une vue en perspective d’un ensemble modulaire selon un troisième mode de réalisation conforme à l’invention. - Figure 18 is a perspective view of a modular assembly according to a third embodiment according to the invention.
L’invention concerne un ensemble modulaire 1 pour centrale solaire flottante comportant : The invention relates to a modular assembly 1 for floating solar power plant comprising:
- un support flottant 2 pour panneau photovoltaïque, a floating support 2 for photovoltaic panel,
- un panneau photovoltaïque 3, typiquement de forme rectangulaire, comprenant quatre bords parallèles deux à deux : deux bords Bl, B2 de grande dimension et deux bords de petite dimension, a photovoltaic panel 3, typically of rectangular shape, comprising four parallel edges two by two: two large edges Bl, B2 and two small-sized edges,
- un système de fixation assurant le maintien du panneau photovoltaïque sur le support flottant, au niveau de ses deux bords Bl, B2 de plus grande dimension. - A fastening system ensuring the maintenance of the photovoltaic panel on the floating support, at its two edges Bl, B2 of larger size.
Selon l’invention, ledit système de fixation comporte : According to the invention, said fixing system comprises:
- un premier moyen de maintien 4 assurant le maintien du panneau photovoltaïque 3 sur le support flottant 2, reliant un premier bord de grande dimension Bl du panneau photovoltaïque 3 au support flottant 2, au niveau d’au moins un point de fixation F4 sur le support flottant 2 a first holding means 4 ensuring the maintenance of the photovoltaic panel 3 on the floating support 2, connecting a first large-dimension edge B1 of the photovoltaic panel 3 to the floating support 2, at the level of at least one fixing point F4 on the floating support 2
- un deuxième moyen de maintien 5 assurant le maintien du panneau photovoltaïque 3 au niveau d’un deuxième bord de grande dimension B2 du panneau photovoltaïque, comprenant deux bras de maintien 51, 52, dits premier bras de maintien 51 et deuxième bras de maintien 52, comportant chacun une extrémité supérieure E5ls, E52s et une extrémité inférieure E5li, E52i, l’extrémité supérieure E51s du premier bras de maintien 51 étant montée pivotante par rapport au panneau photovoltaïque 3, par l’intermédiaire d’une a second holding means 5 holding the photovoltaic panel 3 at a second large-dimension edge B2 of the photovoltaic panel, comprising two holding arms 51, 52, said first holding arm 51 and second holding arm 52 , each having an upper end E5ls, E52s and a lower end E5li, E52i, the upper end E51s of the first holding arm 51 being pivotally mounted relative to the photovoltaic panel 3, via a
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première articulation supérieure A5ls, au niveau d’un point de fixation Fl sur le panneau photovoltaïque 3 et l’extrémité supérieure E52s du deuxième bras de maintien 52 étant montée pivotante par rapport au panneau photovoltaïque 3, par l’intermédiaire d’une deuxième articulation supérieure A52s, au niveau d’un point de fixation Fl’ sur le panneau photovoltaïque 3 ; l’extrémité inférieure E5li du premier bras de maintien 51 étant montée pivotante par rapport au support flottant 2, par l’intermédiaire d’une première articulation inférieure A5li, au niveau d’un point de fixation F2 sur le support flottant, et l’extrémité inférieure E52i du deuxième bras de maintien 52 étant montée pivotante par rapport au support flottant, par l’intermédiaire d’une deuxième articulation inférieure A52i, au niveau d’un point de fixation F2’ sur le support flottant 2.RECTIFIED SHEET (RULE 91) ISA / EP first upper articulation A5ls, at a fixing point F1 on the photovoltaic panel 3 and the upper end E52s of the second holding arm 52 being pivotally mounted relative to the photovoltaic panel 3, via a second articulation upper A52s, at a fixing point Fl 'on the photovoltaic panel 3; the lower end E5li of the first holding arm 51 being pivotally mounted relative to the floating support 2, via a first lower articulation A5li, at an attachment point F2 on the floating support, and the lower end E52i of the second holding arm 52 being pivotally mounted relative to the floating support, via a second lower articulation A52i, at a point of attachment F2 'on the floating support 2.
Les points de fixation Fl, Fl’ des bras de maintien 51,52 sur le panneau photovoltaïque 3 sont de préférence disposés symétriques par rapport à un plan médian PM du panneau photovoltaïque 3 et les points de fixation F2, F2’ des bras de maintien 51, 52 sur le support flottant 2 sont de préférence disposés symétriques par rapport au plan médian PM du panneau photovoltaïque 3. The fixing points Fl, Fl 'of the holding arms 51, 52 on the photovoltaic panel 3 are preferably arranged symmetrical with respect to a median plane PM of the photovoltaic panel 3 and the attachment points F2, F2' of the holding arms 51 , 52 on the floating support 2 are preferably arranged symmetrical with respect to the median plane PM of the photovoltaic panel 3.
Selon l’invention l’écartement El entre les deux points de fixation Fl, Fl’ sur le panneau photovoltaïque 3 est strictement supérieur à l’écartement E2 entre les deux points de fixation F2, F2’ sur le support flottant 2. According to the invention the spacing E1 between the two fixing points F1, F1 'on the photovoltaic panel 3 is strictly greater than the spacing E2 between the two fixing points F2, F2' on the floating support 2.
Vue de l’arrière, et comme illustré à la figure 2, la structure formée par les deux bras de maintien 51,52 dessine les deux côtés égaux d’un trapèze isocèle. Viewed from the rear, and as shown in FIG. 2, the structure formed by the two holding arms 51, 52 draws the two equal sides of an isosceles trapezium.
Selon l’invention, l’écartement d’ancrage E24 sur le support flottant entre, d’une part, les points de fixation F2, F2’ des bras de maintien 51, 52 sur le support flottant 2 et, d’autre part, les points de fixation F4 du premier moyen de maintien 4 sur le support flottant, en particulier selon une direction horizontale DH1, est configuré pour varier librement lorsque le support flottant se déforme selon ladite direction horizontale DH1. Ainsi et contrairement aux dispositifs de l’état de la technique, tel que celui décrit dans le document WO 2014/165609 Al, on ne relie pas de manière rigide les points de fixation, notamment par les tubes repérés 26 dans cette antériorité. Grâce à cette disposition avantageuse de l’invention on réduit le nombre de pièces nécessaires à la réalisation d’un tel ensemble modulaire et donc sa complexité de réalisation ainsi que son coût de revient. According to the invention, the anchoring distance E24 on the floating support enters, on the one hand, the fixing points F2, F2 'of the holding arms 51, 52 on the floating support 2 and, on the other hand, the fixing points F4 of the first holding means 4 on the floating support, in particular in a horizontal direction DH1, is configured to vary freely when the floating support deforms in said horizontal direction DH1. Thus and contrary to the devices of the state of the art, such as that described in WO 2014/165609 A1, there is no rigid connection between the fixing points, in particular by the tubes marked 26 in this anteriority. Thanks to this advantageous arrangement of the invention reduces the number of parts necessary for the realization of such a modular assembly and therefore its complexity of implementation as well as its cost.
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Selon l’invention, la première articulation supérieure A5ls, la deuxième articulation supérieure A52s, la première articulation inférieure A5li et la deuxième articulation inférieure A52i sont configurées pour autoriser la déformation sans contrainte de la stmcture formée par les deux bras de maintien 51, 52 lorsque ledit écartement E24 varie. RECTIFIED SHEET (RULE 91) ISA / EP According to the invention, the first upper articulation A5ls, the second upper articulation A52s, the first lower articulation A5li and the second lower articulation A52i are configured to allow the stress-free deformation of the structure formed by the two holding arms 51, 52 when said gap E24 varies.
Ainsi, contrairement aux dispositifs de l’état de la technique, tel que celui décrit dans le document WO 2014/165609 Al, le système de fixation de l’ensemble modulaire 1 selon l’invention, et notamment les quatre articulations A51s, A52s, A5li, A52i assurant l’assemblage entre le deuxième bord B2 de grande dimension du panneau photovoltaïque 3 et le support flottant 2, et configurées pour autoriser la déformation sans contrainte de la structure formée par les deux bras de maintien 51, 52, permet une liaison non rigide entre le panneau photovoltaïque 3 et le support flottant 2 évitant la transmission d’efforts lors de dilatations hétérogènes entre ces deux éléments. Thus, unlike the devices of the state of the art, such as that described in document WO 2014/165609 A1, the fastening system of the modular assembly 1 according to the invention, and in particular the four joints A51s, A52s, A5li, A52i ensuring the assembly between the second edge B2 of large size of the photovoltaic panel 3 and the floating support 2, and configured to allow the strain-free deformation of the structure formed by the two holding arms 51, 52, allows a connection non-rigid between the photovoltaic panel 3 and the floating support 2 avoiding the transmission of forces during heterogeneous expansions between these two elements.
Grâce à l’emploi de ces quatre articulations A5ls, A52s, A5li, A52i, les efforts reçus par le support flottant 2 ne sont pas transmis au panneau photovoltaïque 3, et inversement les efforts reçus par le panneau photovoltaïque ne sont pas transmis au support flottant. De tels efforts sont par exemple ceux générés par les déformations intervenant dans le support flottant 2, notamment lors de la dilatation ou de la contraction du matériau le composant, ou encore ceux engendrés par l’ancrage de l’ensemble modulaire l.à d’autres ensembles modulaires 1, afin de constituer la centrale flottante, ou à la terre, afin de maintenir en position ladite centrale flottante, ledit ancrage se faisant au niveau du support flottant 2. Thanks to the use of these four joints A5ls, A52s, A5li, A52i, the forces received by the floating support 2 are not transmitted to the photovoltaic panel 3, and conversely the forces received by the photovoltaic panel are not transmitted to the floating support . Such forces are, for example, those generated by the deformations occurring in the floating support 2, in particular during the expansion or contraction of the component material, or those generated by the anchoring of the modular assembly 1. other modular assemblies 1, in order to form the floating power station, or to earth, in order to maintain said floating power station in position, said anchoring being done at the level of the floating support 2.
Les déformations pouvant intervenir au niveau du support flottant 2 sont en effet intégralement encaissées par la rotation des bras de maintien 51, 52 par rapport au support flottant 2 et par rapport au panneau photovoltaïque 3 et ne sont donc pas transmises au panneau photovoltaïque 3. The deformations that can occur at the level of the floating support 2 are in fact entirely encased by the rotation of the holding arms 51, 52 with respect to the floating support 2 and with respect to the photovoltaic panel 3 and are therefore not transmitted to the photovoltaic panel 3.
Notamment, lorsque les efforts encaissés par le support flottant 2 sont des efforts orientés selon la direction horizontale DH1, telle que visible par exemple sur l’exemple de réalisation des figures 3 et 6, ceux-ci vont générer une dilatation ou une contraction du matériau du support flottant 2, selon ladite direction horizontale DH1. En autorisant la modification de l’écartement E24 entre un point de fixation F2, F2’ et un point de fixation F4 grâce aux moyens de maintien 3, 4 selon l’invention, cette déformation du In particular, when the forces received by the floating support 2 are forces oriented in the horizontal direction DH1, as can be seen for example in the embodiment of FIGS. 3 and 6, these will generate an expansion or contraction of the material floating support 2, in said horizontal direction DH1. By authorizing the modification of the spacing E24 between an attachment point F2, F2 'and an attachment point F4 by the holding means 3, 4 according to the invention, this deformation of the
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support flottant 2 n’engendrera pas de contraintes dans le panneau photo voltaïque. Inversement, cette possibilité de modification de l’écartement E24 permettra que les efforts encaissés par le panneau photovoltaïque 3 soient absorbés par ce déplacement relatif entre lesdits points de fixation F2(F2’) et F4, et ne soient pas transmis au support flottant 2. RECTIFIED SHEET (RULE 91) ISA / EP floating support 2 will not generate constraints in the voltaic photo panel. Conversely, this possibility of modifying the spacing E24 will allow the forces collected by the photovoltaic panel 3 to be absorbed by this relative displacement between said fixing points F2 (F2 ') and F4, and are not transmitted to the floating support 2.
Une telle rotation des bras de maintien de maintien 51, 52 par rapport au support flottant 2 et par rapport au panneau photovoltaïque 3 va entraîner une légère modification de l’inclinaison du panneau photovoltaïque 3 par rapport au support flottant 2, et le panneau photovoltaïque ne va pas se détériorer sous l’effet des efforts qui lui seraient transmis par le support flottant 2. Such a rotation of the holding support arms 51, 52 with respect to the floating support 2 and with respect to the photovoltaic panel 3 will cause a slight modification of the inclination of the photovoltaic panel 3 with respect to the floating support 2, and the photovoltaic panel will not deteriorate under the effect of the forces that would be transmitted to it by the floating support 2.
Par ailleurs, le fait que l’écartement entre les deux points de fixation Fl, Fl’ soit strictement supérieur à l’écartement entre les points de fixation F2, F2’ permet avantageusement que les deux bras de maintien 51, 52 définissent avec le deuxième bord de grande dimension B2 du panneau photovoltaïque 3 et avec la face supérieure 21 du support flottant 2 un trapèze isocèle, tel que visible sur la figure 2. Furthermore, the fact that the spacing between the two fixing points Fl, Fl 'is strictly greater than the spacing between the fixing points F2, F2' advantageously allows the two holding arms 51, 52 to define with the second large-dimension edge B2 of the photovoltaic panel 3 and with the upper face 21 of the floating support 2 an isosceles trapezium, as visible in FIG. 2.
Fe panneau photovoltaïque 3 sera donc maintenu de façon particulièrement stable au niveau de son deuxième bord de grande dimension B2 grâce à cette disposition en trapèze isocèle des bras de maintien 51, 52, permettant son maintien à sa position initiale par rapport au support flottant 2 du panneau photovoltaïque, même en cas de sollicitation selon la direction des bords de grande dimension Bl, B2 et contrairement aux dispositifs de l’état de la technique, tel que celui décrit dans le document KR1020160083441. Fe photovoltaic panel 3 will therefore be maintained in a particularly stable manner at its second large-dimension edge B2 thanks to this isosceles trapezoidal arrangement of the holding arms 51, 52, allowing it to remain at its initial position relative to the floating support 2 of the photovoltaic panel, even in the event of stress in the direction of large edges Bl, B2 and unlike the devices of the state of the art, such as that described in document KR1020160083441.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le support flottant 2 peut être constitué essentiellement d’une enveloppe plastique définissant une paroi supérieure 21, une paroi inférieure 22 et quatre parois latérales 23, 24, 25, 26, .Comme visible sur les figures 1 à 3, le système de fixation peut être positionné sur la paroi supérieure 21 du support flottant 2. Fa paroi supérieure 21 peut à cet effet être sensiblement parallèle à la paroi inférieure 22. According to one embodiment, the floating support 2 may consist essentially of a plastic envelope defining an upper wall 21, a lower wall 22 and four side walls 23, 24, 25, 26, as seen in FIGS. 1 to 3. , the fastening system can be positioned on the upper wall 21 of the floating support 2. Fa upper wall 21 can for this purpose be substantially parallel to the bottom wall 22.
Fe support flottant 2 peut être de forme globalement parallélépipédique et comporter des moyens de liaison, par exemple des oreilles figure 18), de préférence d’un seul tenant avec l’enveloppe plastique. Ces oreilles sont par exemple disposées aux quatre coins du support flottant 2, afin de pouvoir être assemblé avec d’autres supports flottants pour constituer ladite centrale solaire. The floating support 2 may be of generally parallelepipedal shape and comprise connecting means, for example ears (FIG. 18), preferably in one piece with the plastic envelope. These ears are for example arranged at the four corners of the floating support 2, in order to be assembled with other floating supports to form said solar power plant.
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Selon un mode de réalisation, le support flottant 2 est une enveloppe plastique. RECTIFIED SHEET (RULE 91) ISA / EP According to one embodiment, the floating support 2 is a plastic envelope.
Ainsi, le support flottant 2 peut par exemple être réalisé en matériau thermoplastique par extrusion-soufflage. Thus, the floating support 2 may for example be made of thermoplastic material by extrusion blow molding.
Un tel support flottant 2 en matériau thermoplastique réalisé par extrusion- soufflage est par exemple visible sur l’exemple de réalisation de la figure 18. Such a floating support 2 made of thermoplastic material produced by extrusion-blowing is for example visible on the embodiment of FIG. 18.
En effet, l’extrusion- soufflage est un procédé particulièrement adéquat pour la réalisation de pièces creuses en matériau thermoplastique, et notamment des pièces creuses dont l’épaisseur de l’enveloppe est inférieure à 10 mm, par exemple de l’ordre de 3 mm, comme c’est habituellement le cas pour de tels supports flottants. Indeed, the extrusion-blowing is a particularly suitable process for producing hollow parts made of thermoplastic material, and in particular hollow parts whose thickness of the envelope is less than 10 mm, for example of the order of 3 mm, as is usually the case for such floating supports.
Comme visibles sur les figures 1 à 3, le premier moyen de maintien 4 peut être configuré de sorte à maintenir le premier bord de grande dimension Bl du panneau photovoltaïque 3 à proximité de la paroi supérieure 21 du support flottant 2, tandis que le deuxième moyen de maintien 5 peut être configuré de sorte à maintenir le deuxième bord de grande dimension B2 du panneau photovoltaïque 3 écarté de la paroi supérieure 21 du support flottant 2. As can be seen in FIGS. 1 to 3, the first holding means 4 can be configured so as to maintain the first large-dimension edge B1 of the photovoltaic panel 3 near the upper wall 21 of the floating support 2, while the second means 5 can be configured to maintain the second large-dimension edge B2 of the photovoltaic panel 3 spaced from the upper wall 21 of the floating support 2.
Ainsi, le panneau photovoltaïque 3 se retrouve incliné par rapport à l’horizontale lorsque l’ensemble modulaire 1 est disposé sur l’eau. Thus, the photovoltaic panel 3 is inclined relative to the horizontal when the modular assembly 1 is disposed on the water.
Comme visible sur les figures 9 ou 14 à 16, les bras de maintien 51, 52 du deuxième moyen de maintien 5 peuvent être réalisés sous la forme de tubes, métalliques ou plastiques, par exemple de section carrée. Avantageusement, pour simplifier la fabrication du système de fixation de l’ensemble modulaire 1, le premier bras de maintien 51 et le deuxième bras de maintien 52 sont identiques. As can be seen in FIGS. 9 or 14 to 16, the holding arms 51, 52 of the second holding means 5 may be made in the form of tubes, metal or plastic, for example of square section. Advantageously, to simplify the manufacture of the fastening system of the modular assembly 1, the first holding arm 51 and the second holding arm 52 are identical.
De plus, la longueur L51, L52 des bras de maintien 51, 52 détermine l’écartement entre le deuxième bord B2 et la paroi supérieure 21 du support flottant 2, et donc l’inclinaison du panneau photovoltaïque 3 par rapport à l’horizontale. Cette inclinaison peut être comprise entre 5° et 40°. In addition, the length L51, L52 of the holding arms 51, 52 determines the spacing between the second edge B2 and the upper wall 21 of the floating support 2, and therefore the inclination of the photovoltaic panel 3 relative to the horizontal. This inclination can be between 5 ° and 40 °.
Notamment, si l’on souhaite modifier l’inclinaison du panneau photovoltaïque 3 par rapport à l’horizontale, il suffit de remplacer les bras de maintien 51, 52 de longueur L51 , L52 par des bras de maintien 51 , 52 de longueur L51 , L52 différente, ou encore de prévoir des bras de maintien télescopiques 51, 52, de longueur L51, L52 réglables manuellement. In particular, if it is desired to modify the inclination of the photovoltaic panel 3 relative to the horizontal, it suffices to replace the holding arms 51, 52 of length L51, L52 by holding arms 51, 52 of length L51, L52 different, or to provide telescopic holding arms 51, 52, length L51, L52 manually adjustable.
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51 l’on souhaite modifier l’inclinaison du panneau photovoltaïque 3 de façon régulière, par exemple pour pouvoir adapter celle-ci en temps réel, et de façon dynamique, à la position du soleil, on peut envisager que les bras 51, 52 soient des bras télescopiques, leur allongement étant éventuellement piloté électriquement, par exemple par un système de vérin. RECTIFIED SHEET (RULE 91) ISA / EP 51 it is desired to modify the inclination of the photovoltaic panel 3 on a regular basis, for example to be able to adapt it in real time, and dynamically, to the position of the sun, it is conceivable that the arms 51, 52 are telescopic arms, their elongation possibly being electrically controlled, for example by a jack system.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la première articulation inférieure A51i et/ou la deuxième articulation inférieure A52i est une liaison pivot P5li, P52i, d’axe AP51Î, AP52i perpendiculaire à la direction horizontale DH1 et sensiblement verticale lorsque le support flottant 2 est positionné sur une étendue d’eau. According to one embodiment, the first lower hinge A51i and / or the second lower hinge A52i is a pivot link P5li, P52i, axis AP51I, AP52i perpendicular to the horizontal direction DH1 and substantially vertical when the floating support 2 is positioned on an expanse of water.
Ainsi, comme visible par exemple aux figures 14 et 15, chaque bras de maintien 51, 52 est apte à effectuer une rotation selon l’axe AP5li ou selon l’axe AP52i, au niveau du point de fixation F2 ou du point de fixation F2’ afin d’encaisser un effort, orienté selon la direction DH1, au niveau de ce point de fixation F2, F2’, tel que représenté par la flèche FP. Ce pivotement va permettre la déformation sans contrainte de la structure formée par les deux bras de maintien 51, 52 lors de la variation de l’écartement E24. Cette disposition avantageuse de l’invention permet notamment que les efforts reçus par le panneau photovoltaïque 3, orientés selon la direction DH1, soient encaissés par les deux bras de maintien 51, 52 sans être transmis au support flottant 2, en pivotant par rapport au support flottant 2, et inversement, de la même façon, que les efforts reçus par le support flottant 2, orientés selon la direction DH1, ne soient pas transmis au panneau photovoltaïque 3. Thus, as can be seen for example in FIGS. 14 and 15, each holding arm 51, 52 is able to rotate along the axis AP5li or along the axis AP52i, at the point of attachment F2 or at the point of attachment F2. 'in order to cash a force, oriented in the direction DH1, at this attachment point F2, F2', as represented by the arrow FP. This pivoting will allow the strain-free deformation of the structure formed by the two holding arms 51, 52 during the variation of the spacing E24. This advantageous arrangement of the invention makes it possible in particular for the forces received by the photovoltaic panel 3, oriented in direction DH1, to be received by the two holding arms 51, 52 without being transmitted to the floating support 2, by pivoting relative to the support 2, and vice versa, in the same way, that the forces received by the floating support 2, oriented in the direction DH1, are not transmitted to the photovoltaic panel 3.
Selon un mode de réalisation, au moins une liaison pivot P5li, P52i est formée d’un couple logement de fixation 56i/axe de pivot 57i, l’axe du logement de fixation 56i définissant l’axe de la liaison pivot AP51Î, AP52L l’axe de pivot 57i étant reçu dans le logement de fixation 56i de sorte à pivoter autour de l’axe de la liaison pivot AP51Î, AP52L According to one embodiment, at least one pivot link P5li, P52i is formed of a fixing housing couple 56i / pivot pin 57i, the axis of the fixing housing 56i defining the axis of the pivot connection AP51I, AP52L. pivot pin 57i being received in the fixing housing 56i so as to pivot about the axis of the pivot connection AP51I, AP52L
Avantageusement le logement de fixation 56i peut être réalisé en partie dans le bras de maintien 51, 52 et en partie dans le support flottant 2. Dans ce cas-là, le logement de fixation 56i peut comporter une première portion P56i réalisée sous la forme d’un perçage ménagé au niveau d’une extrémité inférieure E5li, E52i du bras de maintien 51, Advantageously, the fixing housing 56i can be made partly in the holding arm 51, 52 and partly in the floating support 2. In this case, the fixing housing 56i may comprise a first portion P56i made in the form of a bore formed at a lower end E5li, E52i of the holding arm 51,
52 et une deuxième portion P56i’ réalisée sous la forme d’un perçage ménagé au niveau du support flottant 2. 52 and a second portion P56i 'made in the form of a bore formed at the level of the floating support 2.
FEUILLE RECTIFIÉE (RÈGLE 91) ISA/EP
Comme visible sur les exemples de réalisation des figures 14 à 17, la première portion P56i du logement de fixation 56i peut avantageusement être ménagée d’un seul tenant avec le bras de maintien 51, 52, au niveau de l’extrémité inférieure E5li, E52i dudit bras de maintien 51, 52. Alternativement, ladite première portion P56i du logement de fixation 56i peut être prévue sur une pièce distincte du bras de maintien 51, 52, laquelle est fixée au niveau de l’extrémité inférieure E5li, E52i dudit bras de maintien. RECTIFIED SHEET (RULE 91) ISA / EP As can be seen in the exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 14 to 17, the first portion P56i of the fixing housing 56i may advantageously be formed in one piece with the holding arm 51, 52, at the lower end E5li, E52i of said holding arm 51, 52. Alternatively, said first portion P56i of the fixing housing 56i may be provided on a separate part of the holding arm 51, 52, which is fixed at the lower end E5li, E52i of said arm maintenance.
Avantageusement, l’axe de pivot 57i peut être réalisé sous la forme d’une pièce cylindrique, reçue dans le logement de fixation 56i, éventuellement par l’intermédiaire d’un palier afin de faciliter le pivotement de l’axe de pivot 57i. Advantageously, the pivot pin 57i can be made in the form of a cylindrical piece, received in the fixing housing 56i, possibly via a bearing to facilitate the pivoting of the pivot axis 57i.
Afin de faciliter le montage de l’axe de pivot 57i sur le support flottant 2, celui-ci peut être réalisé sous la forme d’une goupille amovible, ou encore d’un élément pouvant être vissé. In order to facilitate the mounting of the pivot pin 57i on the floating support 2, it can be made in the form of a detachable pin, or a member that can be screwed.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la première articulation supérieure A5ls et/ou la deuxième articulation supérieure A52s est réalisée sous la forme d’une liaison rotule R. Grâce à cette disposition avantageuse de l’invention, le panneau photovoltaïque 3 est apte à pivoter par rapport à chacun des bras de maintien 51, 52, au niveau des points de fixation Fl, Fl’, de sorte à assurer ladite liaison souple entre le panneau photovoltaïque 3 et le support flottant 2 encaissant les efforts subis par ledit panneau photovoltaïque ou par ledit support flottant. According to one embodiment, the first upper articulation A5ls and / or the second upper articulation A52s is in the form of a rotule connection R. Thanks to this advantageous arrangement of the invention, the photovoltaic panel 3 is able to pivot by relative to each of the holding arms 51, 52, at the fixing points Fl, Fl ', so as to ensure said flexible connection between the photovoltaic panel 3 and the floating support 2 accommodating the forces experienced by said photovoltaic panel or by said floating support.
Notamment, comme visible sur les exemples de réalisation des figures 14 et 15, la rotation du panneau photovoltaïque 3 par rapport à un bras de maintien 51, 52 peut s’effectuer selon trois axes Al, A2, A3, avec notamment l’axe A3 parallèle à l’axe AP5 li, AP52i de la liaison pivot P5 li, P52L In particular, as can be seen in the exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 14 and 15, the rotation of the photovoltaic panel 3 with respect to a holding arm 51, 52 can take place along three axes A1, A2, A3, in particular with the axis A3 parallel to axis AP5 li, AP52i of pivot link P5 li, P52L
Selon un autre mode de réalisation illustré à titre d’exemple aux figures 1 à 12, la première articulation supérieure A5ls, la deuxième articulation supérieure A52s, la première articulation inférieure A5li et la deuxième articulation inférieure A52i sont réalisées sous la forme de liaisons rotules R. According to another embodiment illustrated by way of example in FIGS. 1 to 12, the first upper articulation A5ls, the second upper articulation A52s, the first lower articulation A5li and the second lower articulation A52i are produced in the form of R-ball links. .
Grâce à cette disposition avantageuse de l’invention, le panneau photovoltaïque 3 est mobile en rotation par rapport à chaque bras de maintien 51 , 52, au niveau des points de fixation Fl, Fl’, selon trois axes de rotation Al, A2, A3, et le support flottant 2 est également mobile en rotation par rapport à chaque bras de maintien 51, 52, au niveau des points de fixation F2, F2’, selon trois axes de rotation Al’, A2’, A3’. Thanks to this advantageous arrangement of the invention, the photovoltaic panel 3 is rotatable relative to each holding arm 51, 52, at the fixing points Fl, Fl ', along three axes of rotation Al, A2, A3 , and the floating support 2 is also rotatable relative to each holding arm 51, 52, at the attachment points F2, F2 ', along three axes of rotation Al', A2 ', A3'.
FEUILLE RECTIFIÉE (RÈGLE 91) ISA/EP
Ainsi, et encore, les efforts encaissés par le panneau photovoltaïque 3, quelle que soit leur orientation, sont intégralement repris par la déformation de la structure formée par les bras de maintien 51, 52, et ne sont pas transmis au support flottant 2, et inversement, les efforts encaissés par le support flottant 2 ne sont pas transmis au panneau photovoltaïque 3, quelle que soit leur orientation, grâce à la déformation de la structure formée par les bras de maintien 51, 52. RECTIFIED SHEET (RULE 91) ISA / EP Thus, and again, the forces collected by the photovoltaic panel 3, whatever their orientation, are completely taken up by the deformation of the structure formed by the holding arms 51, 52, and are not transmitted to the floating support 2, and conversely, the forces collected by the floating support 2 are not transmitted to the photovoltaic panel 3, whatever their orientation, thanks to the deformation of the structure formed by the holding arms 51, 52.
Selon un mode de réalisation, chaque liaison rotule R est formée d’un couple anneau de fixation 53i, 53s /axe de pivot 54i, 54s, l’axe A53i, A53s de l’anneau de fixation 53i, 53s définissant un premier axe de rotation Al, A de la liaison rotule R, l’axe de pivot 54i, 54s étant reçu dans l’anneau de fixation 53i, 53s de sorte à pivoter autour de ce premier axe de rotation Al, A et autour d’un deuxième axe A2, A2’, perpendiculaire au premier axe Al, A , et autour d’un troisième axe A3, A3’, perpendiculaire au premier axe Al, A et au deuxième axe A2, A2’, l’amplitude angulaire al, al’ de la rotation autour du premier axe Al, AG étant strictement supérieure à l’amplitude angulaire a2, a2’ de la rotation autour du deuxième axe A2, A2’ et à l’amplitude angulaire a3, a3’ de la rotation autour du troisième axe A3, A3’. According to one embodiment, each ball joint R is formed of a pair of fixing ring 53i, 53s / pivot axis 54i, 54s, the axis A53i, A53s of the fixing ring 53i, 53s defining a first axis of Al rotation, A of the ball joint R, the pivot pin 54i, 54s being received in the fixing ring 53i, 53s so as to pivot about this first axis of rotation Al, A and about a second axis A2, A2 ', perpendicular to the first axis A1, A, and about a third axis A3, A3', perpendicular to the first axis A1, A and the second axis A2, A2 ', the angular amplitude al, al' of the rotation about the first axis A1, AG being strictly greater than the angular amplitude a2, a2 'of the rotation about the second axis A2, A2' and the angular amplitude a3, a3 'of the rotation about the third axis A3 , A3 '.
Une telle liaison rotule R est de réalisation simple, son emploi étant rendu possible par le fait que, selon les constatations de l’inventeur, il n’est pas nécessaire d’avoir une rotule R offrant une amplitude angulaire de rotation identique selon les trois axes de rotation Al, Al’, A2, A2’, A3, A3’, qui nécessiterait l’emploi de pièces complexes, avec des surfaces sphériques coopérant entre-elles, et qui ont également un coût important. Such a ball joint R is of simple construction, its use being made possible by the fact that, according to the findings of the inventor, it is not necessary to have a ball joint R offering an identical angular amplitude of rotation according to the three axes of rotation Al, Al ', A2, A2', A3, A3 ', which would require the use of complex parts, with spherical surfaces cooperating with each other, and which also have a significant cost.
Avantageusement, et comme visible sur les figures 5 et 6, les axes de rotation Al, correspondant aux axes A53s des anneaux de fixation 53s, lorsque solidaires du panneau photovoltaïque 3, sont orientés perpendiculairement aux bords de grande dimension Bl, B2 et de préférence parallèlement aux bords de petite dimension du panneau photovoltaïque 3. Les axes de rotation AG, correspondant aux axes A53i des anneaux de fixation 53i, lorsque solidaires du support flottant 2 sont orientés perpendiculairement aux bords de grande dimension Bl , B2 et de préférence parallèle à la surface inférieure 22 du support flottant 2. Advantageously, and as visible in FIGS. 5 and 6, the axes of rotation A1, corresponding to the axes A53s of the fixing rings 53s, when integral with the photovoltaic panel 3, are oriented perpendicularly to the large-dimensioned edges B1, B2 and preferably parallel to each other. at the small-dimensional edges of the photovoltaic panel 3. The axes of rotation AG, corresponding to the axes A53i of the fixing rings 53i, when integral with the floating support 2 are oriented perpendicular to the large-dimensioned edges Bl, B2 and preferably parallel to the surface bottom 22 of the floating support 2.
En effet, selon les constatations de l’inventeur, et pour s’adapter au problème de la déformation du support flottant 2, lors de la dilatation ou de la contraction du matériau Indeed, according to the findings of the inventor, and to adapt to the problem of the deformation of the floating support 2, during the expansion or contraction of the material
FEUILLE RECTIFIÉE (RÈGLE 91) ISA/EP
le composant, il n’est pas nécessaire que l’amplitude angulaire de la rotation au niveau de la rotule R autour des axes A2, A2’ et A3, A3’ soit aussi importante que celle autour des axes Al, AG pour pouvoir assurer la rotation des bras de maintien 51, 52 par rapport au panneau photovoltaïque 3 et au support flottant 2 de sorte qu’aucun effort ne soit généré dans le panneau photovoltaïque 3 à cause de la déformation du support flottant 2. RECTIFIED SHEET (RULE 91) ISA / EP the component, it is not necessary that the angular amplitude of the rotation at the ball R about the axes A2, A2 'and A3, A3' is as important as that around the axes Al, AG to be able to ensure the rotation of the holding arms 51, 52 with respect to the photovoltaic panel 3 and the floating support 2 so that no effort is generated in the photovoltaic panel 3 because of the deformation of the floating support 2.
L’amplitude de rotation autour des axes Al, Al’, plus importante, peut être utile lors du montage, en autorisant le rabattement des bras de maintien 51, 52, prémontés sur le panneau photovoltaïque 3, vers le panneau photovoltaïque 3 autour des axes Al, des liaisons rotule R au niveau des points de fixation Fl, Fl’sur le panneau photovoltaïque 3, et dans le but de limiter l’encombrement d’un premier ensemble prémonté 11 lors du stockage et/ou du transport de ce dernier. The amplitude of rotation around the axes Al, Al ', larger, can be useful during assembly, allowing the folding of the holding arms 51, 52, pre-assembled on the photovoltaic panel 3, to the photovoltaic panel 3 around the axes Al, ball joints R at the fixing points Fl, F1 on the photovoltaic panel 3, and for the purpose of limiting the size of a first premounted assembly 11 during storage and / or transport thereof.
Lors du montage, ces axes de rotation Al, Al’ permettront le déploiement des bras de maintien, 51, 52 du premier ensemble prémonté 11, par rotation autour de ces axes de rotation Al, en vue d’assurer la fixation des extrémités inférieures E5li, E52i des bras de maintien 51, 52 à un deuxième ensemble prémonté 12. Un tel procédé est décrit en détail par la suite. During assembly, these axes of rotation Al, Al 'will allow the deployment of the holding arms, 51, 52 of the first pre-assembled assembly 11, by rotation around these axes of rotation Al, in order to ensure the fixing of the lower ends E5li , E52i holding arms 51, 52 to a second preassembled assembly 12. Such a method is described in detail later.
La rotation de l’axe de pivot 54i, 54s par rapport à l’anneau de fixation 53i, 53s selon les axes de rotations A2, A2’ et A3, A3’ peut être permise par la forme spécifique de l’anneau de fixation 53i, 53s et/ou par le jeu d’emboîtement entre l’axe de pivot 54i, 54s et l’anneau de fixation 53i, 53s. The rotation of the pivot axis 54i, 54s with respect to the fixing ring 53i, 53s along the axes of rotation A2, A2 'and A3, A3' can be enabled by the specific form of the fixing ring 53i , 53s and / or by the interlocking play between the pivot axis 54i, 54s and the fixing ring 53i, 53s.
Les dimensions de la forme spécifique de l’anneau de fixation 53i, 53s et/ou du jeu d’emboîtement entre l’axe de pivot 54i, 54s et l’anneau de fixation 53i, 53s vont notamment déterminer l’amplitude angulaire a2, a2’, a3, a3’ de la rotation autour des axes A2, A2’ et A3, A3’. The dimensions of the specific shape of the fixing ring 53i, 53s and / or of the interlocking play between the pivot axis 54i, 54s and the fixing ring 53i, 53s will notably determine the angular amplitude a2, a2 ', a3, a3' of the rotation about axes A2, A2 'and A3, A3'.
Avantageusement, l’amplitude angulaire a3, a3’ de la rotation autour des axes A3, A3’ est strictement inférieure à l’amplitude angulaire a2, a2’de la rotation autour des axes A2, A2’. Advantageously, the angular amplitude a3, a3 'of the rotation about the axes A3, A3' is strictly less than the angular amplitude a2, a2 'of the rotation about the axes A2, A2'.
Selon un mode de réalisation, l’amplitude angulaire autour du deuxième axe A2, A2’ et autour du troisième axe A3, A3’ est comprise entre 5° et 30°. According to one embodiment, the angular amplitude around the second axis A2, A2 'and around the third axis A3, A3' is between 5 ° and 30 °.
Avantageusement, l’amplitude angulaire autour du premier axe Al, Al’ peut être comprise entre 30° et 60°. Advantageously, the angular amplitude around the first axis Al, Al 'can be between 30 ° and 60 °.
FEUILLE RECTIFIÉE (RÈGLE 91) ISA/EP
Selon un mode de réalisation, au moins un anneau de fixation 53i, 53s est de forme torique. La forme torique de l’anneau permettant avantageusement la rotation de l’axe de pivot 54i, 54s autour des trois axes de rotation Al, Al’, A2, A2’, A3, A3’. RECTIFIED SHEET (RULE 91) ISA / EP According to one embodiment, at least one fixing ring 53i, 53s is of toric form. The ring-shaped ring advantageously allows rotation of the pivot axis 54 i, 54 s about the three axes of rotation Al, Al ', A2, A2', A3, A3 '.
Alternativement, d’autres formes peuvent être envisagées pour l’anneau de fixation 53i, 53s permettant la rotation de l’axe de pivot 54i, 54s autour des trois axes de rotation Al, Al’, A2, A2’, A3, A3’, par exemple une forme d’anneau de section triangulaire ou losange. Alternatively, other shapes can be envisaged for the fixing ring 53i, 53s allowing rotation of the pivot axis 54i, 54s around the three axes of rotation Al, Al ', A2, A2', A3, A3 ' , for example a ring shape of triangular section or rhombus.
Selon un mode de réalisation, les anneaux de fixation 53i des rotules R au niveau des points de fixation F2, F2’ sur le support flottant 2 sont disposés sur le support flottant 2 de telle sorte que leurs centres C53i respectifs sont reliés par une droite Di parallèle aux bords de grande dimension Bl, B2 du panneau photovoltaïque 3. According to one embodiment, the fixing rings 53i of the ball joints R at the fixing points F2, F2 'on the floating support 2 are arranged on the floating support 2 so that their respective centers C53i are connected by a straight line Di parallel to the large dimensions B1, B2 of the photovoltaic panel 3.
Selon un mode de réalisation, les anneaux de fixation 53s des rotules R au niveau des points de fixation Fl, Fl’ sur le panneau photo voltaïque 3 sont disposés sur le panneau photovoltaïque 3 de telle sorte que leurs centres C53s respectifs sont reliés par une droite Ds parallèle aux bords de grande dimension Bl, B2 du panneau photovoltaïque 3. Ces dispositions sont visibles par exemple aux figures 2 et 11. According to one embodiment, the fixing rings 53s of the ball joints R at the fixing points F1, F1 'on the photovoltaic panel 3 are arranged on the photovoltaic panel 3 so that their respective centers C53s are connected by a straight line Ds parallel to the large-dimension edges B1, B2 of the photovoltaic panel 3. These arrangements are visible for example in Figures 2 and 11.
Selon un mode de réalisation, l’extrémité supérieure E5ls, E52s d’au moins un bras de maintien 51, 52 du deuxième moyen de maintien 5 comporte un perçage recevant un axe de pivot 54s, de la liaison rotule R, ledit axe de pivot 54s étant également reçu dans un anneau de fixation 53s de la liaison rotule R, fixé sur le panneau photovoltaïque 3 au niveau du point de fixation Fl, Fl’, ledit anneau de fixation 53s étant configuré de sorte à autoriser la rotation de l’axe de pivot 54s autour du premier axe de rotation Al et autour des deux axes de rotation A2, A3, perpendiculaires à l’axe de rotation Al, et/ou l’extrémité inférieure E51i, E52i dudit bras de maintien 51, 52 du deuxième élément de maintien 5 comporte un perçage recevant un axe de pivot 54i de la liaison rotule R, ledit axe de pivot 54i étant également reçu dans un anneau de fixation 53i de la liaison rotule R, fixé sur le support flottant 2 au niveau du point de fixation F2, F2’, ledit anneau de fixation 53i étant configuré de sorte à autoriser la rotation de l’axe de pivot 54i autour du premier axe de rotation Al’ et autour des deux axes de rotation A2’, A3’, perpendiculaires au premier axe de rotation Al’ . According to one embodiment, the upper end E5ls, E52s of at least one holding arm 51, 52 of the second holding means 5 comprises a bore receiving a pivot axis 54s, the ball joint R, said pivot axis 54s being also received in a fixing ring 53s of the ball joint R, fixed on the photovoltaic panel 3 at the fixing point Fl, Fl ', said fixing ring 53s being configured to allow the rotation of the axis pivoting 54s about the first axis of rotation A1 and around the two axes of rotation A2, A3, perpendicular to the axis of rotation A1, and / or the lower end E51i, E52i of said holding arm 51, 52 of the second element 5 comprises a bore receiving a pivot axis 54i of the ball joint R, said pivot pin 54i also being received in a fixing ring 53i of the ball joint R, fixed on the floating support 2 at the point of attachment F2, F2 ', said fixing lug 53i being configured to allow the rotation of the pivot axis 54i about the first axis of rotation Al 'and around the two axes of rotation A2', A3 ', perpendicular to the first axis of rotation Al'.
Grâce à cette disposition avantageuse, la réalisation et le montage du deuxième moyen de maintien 5 s’avèrent particulièrement simple, et de coût réduit. With this advantageous arrangement, the realization and mounting of the second holding means 5 is particularly simple and low cost.
FEUILLE RECTIFIÉE (RÈGLE 91) ISA/EP
Comme visible aux figures 4 et 6, les axes de pivot 54i, 54s sont par exemple des pièces de forme globalement cylindrique, en métal ou en plastique. RECTIFIED SHEET (RULE 91) ISA / EP As shown in Figures 4 and 6, the pivot pins 54i, 54s are for example generally cylindrical shaped parts, metal or plastic.
Comme visible sur la figure 9, le perçage 55i prévu pour recevoir l’axe de pivot 54i est parallèle au perçage 55s prévu pour recevoir l’axe de pivot 54s, afin que l’axe de pivot 54i et l’axe de pivot 54s soient disposés parallèles, une fois introduits dans le perçage 55i, 55s respectif, comme visible à la figure 6. As shown in FIG. 9, the bore 55i provided to receive the pivot pin 54i is parallel to the bore 55s intended to receive the pivot pin 54s, so that the pivot axis 54i and the pivot axis 54s are arranged parallel, once introduced into the bore 55i, 55s respective, as visible in Figure 6.
Comme visible sur la figure 4, chaque bras de maintien 51, 52 peut être dimensionné de sorte à recevoir intérieurement au moins un, avantageusement deux anneaux de fixation 53i, 53s. As can be seen in FIG. 4, each holding arm 51, 52 may be dimensioned so as to receive internally at least one, advantageously two fixing rings 53i, 53s.
Comme visible sur la figure 6, l’axe A54i de l’axe de pivot 54i peut être confondu avec l’axe A53i de l’anneau de fixation 53i associé, notamment concernant les axes de pivot 54i, prévus pour coopérer avec les anneaux de fixation 53i, fixés sur le support flottant As can be seen in FIG. 6, the axis A54i of the pivot axis 54i may be merged with the axis A53i of the associated attachment ring 53i, in particular with regard to the pivot axes 54i, intended to cooperate with the rings of fixation 53i, fixed on the floating support
2. 2.
Avantageusement, un anneau de fixation 53i, 53s peut comporter une partie filetée prévue pour être reçue dans un perçage ménagé sur le support flottant 2 ou sur le panneau photovoltaïque 3, et coopérer avec un écrou, et éventuellement avec une ou plusieurs rondelles, afin d’assurer la fixation dudit anneau de fixation 53i, 53s au support flottant 2 ou au panneau photovoltaïque 3. Advantageously, a fixing ring 53i, 53s may comprise a threaded portion intended to be received in a bore formed on the floating support 2 or on the photovoltaic panel 3, and to cooperate with a nut, and optionally with one or more washers, in order to securing said fixing ring 53i, 53s to the floating support 2 or to the photovoltaic panel 3.
Alternativement, comme visible sur les exemples de réalisation des figures 13 à 17, l’anneau de fixation 53i, 53s peut être ménagé dans une pièce de fixation P53s comportant une pluralité de surfaces planes, comprenant une surface plane d’appui FP53s, prévue pour venir appuyer à plat sur une face plane du panneau photovoltaïque 3, ou encore du support flottant 2, et une face plane de fixation FA53s, inclinée par rapport à la surface plane d’appui FP53s, dans laquelle est ménagé l’anneau de fixation 53i, 53s. Alternatively, as can be seen in the exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 13 to 17, the fixing ring 53i, 53s may be formed in a fastener P53s comprising a plurality of flat surfaces, comprising a flat bearing surface FP53s, provided for press flat on a flat face of the photovoltaic panel 3, or the floating support 2, and a planar mounting face FA53s, inclined relative to the flat bearing surface FP53s, in which is formed the fixing ring 53i , 53s.
Ladite face plane d’appui FP53s peut avantageusement être fixée sur un longeron 32, 33 d’un cadre 31 entourant le panneau photovoltaïque 3, par exemple par l’intermédiaire d’une vis de fixation, ou encore en étant soudée sur ledit longeron 32, 33. Sans sortir du cadre de la présente invention, il pourrait également être prévu qu’au moins un anneau de fixation 53i, 53s 54i, 54s soit disposé au niveau d’une extrémité E5li, E5ls, E52i, E52s d’un bras de maintien 51, 52, en étant fixé solidairement audit bras de maintien 51, 52, un perçage 55i, 55s étant prévu au niveau du panneau photo voltaïque 3, recevant Said flat bearing surface FP53s can advantageously be fixed on a spar 32, 33 of a frame 31 surrounding the photovoltaic panel 3, for example by means of a fastening screw, or else by being welded to said spar 32 33. Without departing from the scope of the present invention, it could also be provided that at least one attachment ring 53i, 53s 54i, 54s is disposed at one end E5li, E5ls, E52i, E52s of an arm 51, 52, being fixedly secured to said holding arm 51, 52, a bore 55i, 55s being provided at the level of the photovoltaic panel 3, receiving
FEUILLE RECTIFIÉE (RÈGLE 91) ISA/EP
l’axe de pivot correspondant 54i, 54s en coopération également avec ledit anneau de fixation 53i, 53s. RECTIFIED SHEET (RULE 91) ISA / EP the corresponding pivot axis 54i, 54s in cooperation also with said fixing ring 53i, 53s.
Selon un mode de réalisation, au moins un axe de pivot 54i, 54s formant une liaison rotule R est constitué par une goupille amovible. According to one embodiment, at least one pivot axis 54i, 54s forming a ball joint R is constituted by a removable pin.
L’emploi d’une goupille permet de faciliter et d’accélérer les opérations de montage et/ou de démontage dudit axe de pivot 54i, 54s dans l’anneau de fixation associé 53i, 53s. The use of a pin makes it easier and faster to mount and / or disassemble said pivot axis 54i, 54s in the associated fastening ring 53i, 53s.
Afin d’assurer le maintien en position de ladite goupille 54i, 54s dans l’anneau de fixation 53i, 53s, associé, un élément de maintien (non représenté), peut être prévu sur ladite goupille formant axe de pivot 54i, 54s. Un anneau de manipulation (non représenté) peut également être prévu sur la goupille. In order to maintain the position of said pin 54i, 54s in the attachment ring 53i, 53s, associated, a holding member (not shown) can be provided on said pin pivot pin 54i, 54s. A handling ring (not shown) may also be provided on the pin.
Alternativement, tout autre élément de forme globalement cylindrique peut être prévu pour constituer ledit axe de pivot 54i, 54s, par exemple un boulon. Alternatively, any other element of generally cylindrical shape may be provided to form said pivot axis 54i, 54s, for example a bolt.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le premier moyen de maintien 4 du système de fixation comprend un profilé souple 41, fixé sur le support flottant 2, selon la direction sensiblement longitudinale des bords parallèles de grande dimension Bl, B2 du panneau photo voltaïque 3, le profilé souple 41 étant configuré de sorte à autoriser un pivotement du panneau photovoltaïque par rapport au support flottant autour d’un axe AT orienté selon ladite direction sensiblement transversale, uniquement en se déformant. According to one embodiment, the first holding means 4 of the fixing system comprises a flexible section 41, fixed on the floating support 2, in the substantially longitudinal direction of the large parallel edges B1, B2 of the photovoltaic panel 3, the flexible section 41 being configured to allow a pivoting of the photovoltaic panel relative to the floating support about an axis AT oriented in said substantially transverse direction, only by deforming.
Une telle disposition permet de faciliter le montage du panneau photovoltaïque 3 sur le support flottant 2, en ce que, une fois le premier bord de grande dimension Bl du panneau photovoltaïque 3 fixé au support flottant 2 par l’intermédiaire du profilé souple 41 du premier moyen de maintien 4, le panneau photovoltaïque 3 peut encore être incliné par rapport à la face supérieure 21 du support flottant 2 afin de régler cette inclinaison et/ou de faciliter la fixation du deuxième bord de grande dimension B2 du panneau photovoltaïque 3 sur le deuxième moyen de maintien 5. Such an arrangement facilitates the mounting of the photovoltaic panel 3 on the floating support 2, in that, once the first large-dimension edge B1 of the photovoltaic panel 3 fixed to the floating support 2 via the flexible section 41 of the first holding means 4, the photovoltaic panel 3 can be further inclined with respect to the upper face 21 of the floating support 2 in order to adjust this inclination and / or to facilitate the attachment of the second large-dimension edge B2 of the photovoltaic panel 3 to the second holding means 5.
Comme visible aux figures 2, 3, 5, 8, 10 et 11, le profilé souple 41 peut être réalisé en métal ou en plastique. Ce profilé souple 41 peut avantageusement être une pièce de section en forme de L, définissant une branche horizontale 42 et une branche verticale 43. As seen in Figures 2, 3, 5, 8, 10 and 11, the flexible section 41 may be made of metal or plastic. This flexible section 41 may advantageously be an L-shaped section piece, defining a horizontal branch 42 and a vertical branch 43.
Une pluralité de perçage, répartis de façon régulière sur les deux branches 42, 43 du profilé souple 41 peut être prévu afin d’assuré la fixation du profilé souple 41 sur le A plurality of holes, distributed regularly on the two branches 42, 43 of the flexible section 41 may be provided to ensure the attachment of the flexible section 41 on the
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support flottant 2 et sur le panneau photovoltaïque 3 par l’intermédiaire de moyens de fixation (non représentés) tels que des vis. Tout autre moyen de fixation peut être prévu afin d’assurer la fixation du profilé souple sur le support flottant 2 et/ou sur le panneau photovoltaïque 3, par exemple des clips ou des clamps de fixation. RECTIFIED SHEET (RULE 91) ISA / EP floating support 2 and on the photovoltaic panel 3 by means of fastening means (not shown) such as screws. Any other fixing means may be provided in order to secure the flexible profile to the floating support 2 and / or to the photovoltaic panel 3, for example clips or clamps.
Cette forme de réalisation du profilé souple 41 lui confère ainsi une certaine souplesse, qui offrira ainsi à ce profilé souple 41 un fonctionnement similaire à celui d’une charnière, autorisant le pivotement du panneau photovoltaïque 3 par rapport au support flottant 2 autour d’un axe AT parallèle au premier bord de grande dimension B1 du panneau photovoltaïque 3. A cet effet, une charnière peut éventuellement être ménagée sur le profilé souple 41, notamment au niveau de la jonction entre les deux branches 42, 43. This embodiment of the flexible section 41 thus confers a certain flexibility, which will thus provide this flexible section 41 a similar operation to that of a hinge, allowing the pivoting of the photovoltaic panel 3 relative to the floating support 2 around a AT axis parallel to the first large edge B1 of the photovoltaic panel 3. For this purpose, a hinge may optionally be provided on the flexible section 41, especially at the junction between the two branches 42, 43.
Alternativement, et sans sortir du cadre de la présente invention, le premier moyen de maintien 4 du système de fixation peut comporter tout type d’élément, apte à assurer l’immobilisation en translation du panneau photovoltaïque 3 par rapport au support flottant 2, tout en laissant possible une rotation du panneau photovoltaïque 3 par rapport au support flottant 2 autour d’un axe de rotation, parallèle au premier bord de grande dimension Bl du panneau photovoltaïque 3. Alternatively, and without departing from the scope of the present invention, the first holding means 4 of the fastening system may comprise any type of element capable of ensuring the translational immobilization of the photovoltaic panel 3 with respect to the floating support 2, while by allowing a rotation of the photovoltaic panel 3 with respect to the floating support 2 about an axis of rotation parallel to the first large-dimension edge B1 of the photovoltaic panel 3.
Ainsi, le premier moyen de maintien 4 pourrait par exemple comporter une rainure, par exemple de section triangulaire, ménagée directement sur le support flottant 2, et dimensionnée de sorte à recevoir une nervure du premier bord de grande dimension Bl du panneau photovoltaïque 3, le jeu d’emboîtement entre ladite nervure et ladite rainure étant prévu de sorte à permettre le pivotement du panneau photovoltaïque 3 par rapport au support flottant 2. Thus, the first holding means 4 could for example comprise a groove, for example of triangular section, formed directly on the floating support 2, and dimensioned so as to receive a rib of the first large-dimension edge B1 of the photovoltaic panel 3, the interlocking play between said rib and said groove being provided so as to allow the pivoting of the photovoltaic panel 3 with respect to the floating support 2.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le panneau photovoltaïque 3 est muni d’un cadre 31 comportant au moins deux longerons 32, 33 prévus pour recouvrir les bords de grande dimension Bl, B2 du panneau photovoltaïque 3, le premier 4 et le deuxième 5 moyen de maintien du système de fixation maintenant le panneau photovoltaïque 3 au niveau du cadre 31. According to one embodiment, the photovoltaic panel 3 is provided with a frame 31 comprising at least two longitudinal members 32, 33 intended to cover the large-dimension edges B1, B2 of the photovoltaic panel 3, the first 4 and the second means of maintaining the fastening system holding the photovoltaic panel 3 at the frame 31.
Un tel cadre 31 permet de rigidifier le panneau photo voltaïque 3, en l’empêchant de fléchir sous son propre poids, notamment lorsque fixé sur le support flottant 2 par l’intermédiaire du système de fixation. Such a frame 31 stiffens the photo voltaic panel 3, preventing it from bending under its own weight, especially when fixed on the floating support 2 through the fastening system.
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Un tel cadre 31, en recevant les moyens de maintien 4, 5 du système de fixation permet d’éviter de détériorer le panneau photovoltaïque afin de recevoir lesdits moyens de maintien 4, 5. RECTIFIED SHEET (RULE 91) ISA / EP Such a frame 31, receiving the holding means 4, 5 of the fastening system avoids damaging the photovoltaic panel to receive said holding means 4, 5.
Comme visible aux figures 1, 2 et 7, le cadre 31 peut comporter deux longerons 32, 33, et éventuellement deux traverses 34, prévues pour recouvrir les bords de petite dimension du panneau photo voltaïque. As seen in Figures 1, 2 and 7, the frame 31 may comprise two longitudinal members 32, 33, and optionally two cross members 34, provided to cover the small-sized edges of the photovoltaic panel.
Avantageusement, le cadre 31 est réalisé en métal ou en plastique rigide, chaque traverse 34 ou longeron 32, 33 étant constitué d’un profilé, dimensionné de sorte à recevoir un bord du panneau photovoltaïque 3. Advantageously, the frame 31 is made of metal or rigid plastic, each crosspiece 34 or spar 32, 33 consisting of a profile, dimensioned so as to receive an edge of the photovoltaic panel 3.
Des perçages peuvent être prévus sur les longerons 32, 33 afin de recevoir les éléments permettant la fixation du premier 4 et/ou du deuxième 5 moyen de maintien. Par exemple deux perçages, positionnés au niveau des points de fixation Fl, Fl’ sur le longeron 32 du cadre 31 peuvent être prévus afin de recevoir les anneaux de fixation 53s du deuxième moyen de maintien 5, et assurer leur fixation. Bores may be provided on the longitudinal members 32, 33 to receive the elements for fixing the first 4 and / or second 5 holding means. For example two holes, positioned at the fixing points Fl, Fl 'on the beam 32 of the frame 31 may be provided to receive the fixing rings 53s of the second holding means 5, and ensure their attachment.
Alternativement, et comme visible sur la figure 12, au moins un profilé de pincement 35, en matériau thermoplastique ou métallique, de section sensiblement en forme de C, peut être prévu afin de recevoir un longeron 32, 33 et les anneaux de fixation 53i du deuxième moyen de maintien 5 ou le profilé souple 41 du premier moyen de maintien 4, et assurer leur fixation. La fixation du longeron 32, 33 du cadre 31 dans le profilé de pincement 35 peut être assuré par l’effort de pincement exercé par le profilé de pincement 35, grâce à sa forme de C, et/ou par l’adhérence entre le profilé de pincement 35 et le longeron 32, 33, éventuellement accentuée ou générée par l’interposition d’un matériau polymère antidérapant entre le profilé de pincement 35 et le longeron 32, 33, et/ou par des moyens de fixations, par exemple des vis de fixation. Alternatively, and as visible in FIG. 12, at least one pinch profile 35, made of thermoplastic or metal material, of substantially C-shaped section, may be provided in order to receive a spar 32, 33 and the attachment rings 53i of FIG. second holding means 5 or the flexible section 41 of the first holding means 4, and ensure their attachment. The attachment of the beam 32, 33 of the frame 31 in the pinch profile 35 can be ensured by the clamping force exerted by the clamping profile 35, thanks to its shape of C, and / or by the adhesion between the profile pinch 35 and the beam 32, 33, optionally accentuated or generated by the interposition of a non-slip polymer material between the nip profile 35 and the beam 32, 33, and / or by means of fasteners, for example screws of fixation.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le panneau photovoltaïque 3 est disposé débordant latéralement des deux côtés du support flottant 2. According to one embodiment, the photovoltaic panel 3 is arranged protruding laterally on both sides of the floating support 2.
Tel que visible sur les figures 1, 2 et 11, cette disposition avantageuse de l’invention, permet de diminuer la quantité de matière nécessaire à la réalisation du support flottant 2, en ce qu’il n’est ainsi pas nécessaire de prévoir un support flottant 2 dont la largeur L22 (i.e. la longueur de la paroi latérale 22 et de la paroi latérale 23) soit sensiblement égale à la largeur LB1 du panneau photovoltaïque 3 (i.e. la longueur du premier Bl ou du deuxième B2 bord de grande dimension). As can be seen in FIGS. 1, 2 and 11, this advantageous arrangement of the invention makes it possible to reduce the quantity of material necessary for producing the floating support 2, in that it is thus not necessary to provide a floating support 2 whose width L22 (ie the length of the side wall 22 and the side wall 23) is substantially equal to the width LB1 of the photovoltaic panel 3 (ie the length of the first B1 or second B2 large edge) .
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Selon un mode de réalisation, les points de fixation Fl, Fl’ du premier 51 et du deuxième 52 bras de maintien sur le panneau photovoltaïque 3 sont chacun situés dans une zone de fixation ZF1, ZF1’ telle que la distance DPM, DPM’, séparant un point de fixation Fl, Fl’ du plan médian PM du panneau photovoltaïque 3 est strictement supérieure à la distance DEB1, DEBF le séparant de l’extrémité EB1, EBG du premier bord de grande dimension Bl du panneau photovoltaïque 3 la plus proche. RECTIFIED SHEET (RULE 91) ISA / EP According to one embodiment, the fixing points F1, F1 'of the first 51 and the second holding arm 52 on the photovoltaic panel 3 are each located in an attachment zone ZF1, ZF1' such that the distance DPM, DPM ', separating an attachment point Fl, Fl 'of the median plane PM of the photovoltaic panel 3 is strictly greater than the distance DEB1, DEBF separating it from the end EB1, EBG of the first large-dimension edge B1 of the nearest photovoltaic panel 3.
Grâce à cette disposition avantageuse selon l’invention, visible par exemple sur la figure 11, les efforts, notamment ceux dus au vent, s’exercent sur les bords de petite dimension du panneau photovoltaïque 3, à proximité des points de fixation Fl, Fl’ du deuxième moyen de maintien 5, diminuant ainsi la création de contraintes entre le point d’application d’un tel effort et le point de fixation Fl, Fl’du panneau photovoltaïque 3, empêchant ainsi la détérioration du panneau à plus ou moins long terme, contrairement aux dispositifs de l’état de la technique, notamment celui décrit dans le document KR1020160083441. Thanks to this advantageous arrangement according to the invention, visible for example in FIG. 11, the forces, in particular those due to the wind, are exerted on the small-sized edges of the photovoltaic panel 3, close to the fixing points Fl, Fl of the second holding means 5, thus reducing the creation of stresses between the point of application of such a force and the fixing point Fl, Fl 'of the photovoltaic panel 3, thus preventing the deterioration of the panel at more or less long term, unlike devices of the state of the art, including that described in KR1020160083441.
F’ invention concerne encore un procédé de réalisation d’un ensemble modulaire 1 selon l’invention, comprenant les étapes : The invention further relates to a method for producing a modular assembly 1 according to the invention, comprising the steps of:
a) fourniture du panneau photovoltaïque 3 de forme rectangulaire, comprenant quatre bords parallèles deux à deux : deux bords de grande dimension B 1 , B2 et deux bords de petite dimension, a) supplying the photovoltaic panel 3 of rectangular shape, comprising four edges parallel in pairs: two large-sized edges B 1, B2 and two small-sized edges,
b) fourniture du support flottant 2 pour panneau photovoltaïque, b) supply of the floating support 2 for photovoltaic panel,
c) fourniture du système de fixation du panneau photovoltaïque 3 sur le support flottant 2 pour panneau photovoltaïque, comprenant le premier moyen de maintien 4 et le deuxième moyen de maintien 5, c) supplying the fixing system of the photovoltaic panel 3 on the floating support 2 for photovoltaic panel, comprising the first holding means 4 and the second holding means 5,
d) fixation du premier moyen de maintien 4 du système de fixation sur le support flottant 2, d) fixing the first holding means 4 of the fastening system on the floating support 2,
e) fixation du panneau photovoltaïque 3 au niveau de son premier bord de grande dimension Bl sur le premier moyen de maintien 4 du système de fixation, e) fixing the photovoltaic panel 3 at its first large edge B1 on the first holding means 4 of the fixing system,
f) fixation de l’extrémité supérieure E5ls, E52s de chaque bras de maintien 51, 52 du deuxième moyen de maintien 5 du système de fixation sur le panneau photovoltaïque 3, f) fixing the upper end E5ls, E52s of each holding arm 51, 52 of the second holding means 5 of the fixing system on the photovoltaic panel 3,
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g) fixation de l’extrémité inférieure E5li, E52i de chaque bras de maintien 51, 52 du deuxième moyen de maintien 5 du système de fixation sur le support flottant 2. RECTIFIED SHEET (RULE 91) ISA / EP g) fixing the lower end E5li, E52i of each holding arm 51, 52 of the second holding means 5 of the fastening system on the floating support 2.
Un tel procédé est simple et rapide à mettre en œuvre, en ce qu’il ne nécessite aucun réglage complexe du positionnement du panneau photovoltaïque 3 pour assurer sa fixation dans une position souhaitée sur le support flottant 2. Un opérateur n’a ainsi qu’à assembler les différents éléments de l’ensemble modulaire 1 pour obtenir une fixation dans la position souhaitée du panneau photovoltaïque 3 sur le support flottant 2. Such a method is simple and quick to implement, in that it does not require any complex adjustment of the positioning of the photovoltaic panel 3 to ensure its fixation in a desired position on the floating support 2. An operator thus has only to assemble the different elements of the modular assembly 1 to obtain a fixation in the desired position of the photovoltaic panel 3 on the floating support 2.
En effet, la position et l’inclinaison du panneau photovoltaïque 3 par rapport au support flottant 2 est prédéterminée par la position des points de fixation Fl, Fl’, F2, F2’ du deuxième moyen de maintien 5, la longueur L51, L52 des bras de maintien 51, 52, et la position du premier moyen de maintien 4 sur le support flottant 2. Indeed, the position and inclination of the photovoltaic panel 3 with respect to the floating support 2 is predetermined by the position of the fixing points Fl, Fl ', F2, F2' of the second holding means 5, the length L51, L52 of the holding arm 51, 52, and the position of the first holding means 4 on the floating support 2.
Les erreurs de montage peuvent donc être sensiblement minimisées grâce à un tel procédé. Mounting errors can therefore be substantially minimized by such a method.
Les étapes a) à g), et plus particulièrement les étapes d) à g) du procédé selon l’invention peuvent être réalisées chronologiquement dans n’importe quel ordre. Notamment l’étape d) peut être effectuée avant l’étape e), ou inversement, et/ou l’étape f) peut être effectuée avant l’étape g), ou inversement. Steps a) to g), and more particularly steps d) to g) of the method according to the invention can be carried out chronologically in any order. In particular, step d) can be performed before step e), or vice versa, and / or step f) can be performed before step g), or vice versa.
Par ailleurs, chacune des étapes d) à g) peut être réalisée, au moins en partie, à proximité du site de pose de l’ensemble modulaire 1 ou, au moins en partie, en atelier à distance du site de pose, par exemple en usine. Furthermore, each of the steps d) to g) can be carried out, at least in part, near the installation site of the modular assembly 1 or, at least in part, in a workshop remote from the installation site, for example in factory.
Selon un mode de réalisation, l’extrémité supérieure E5ls, E52s de chaque bras de maintien 51, 52 du deuxième moyen de maintien 5 comporte un perçage 55s recevant un axe de pivot 54s, d’axe Al, ledit axe de pivot 54s étant également reçu dans un anneau de fixation 53s, fixé sur le panneau photovoltaïque 3 au niveau du point de fixation Fl, Fl’, et/ou l’extrémité inférieure E5li, E52i de chaque bras de maintien 51, 52 du deuxième moyen de maintien 5 comporte un perçage 55i recevant un axe de pivot 54i, d’axe Al’, ledit axe de pivot 54i étant également reçu dans un anneau de fixation 53i, fixé sur le support flottant 2 au niveau du point de fixation (F2, F2’). According to one embodiment, the upper end E5ls, E52s of each holding arm 51, 52 of the second holding means 5 comprises a bore 55s receiving a pivot axis 54s, of axis A1, said pivot axis 54s being also received in a fixing ring 53s, fixed on the photovoltaic panel 3 at the fixing point Fl, Fl ', and / or the lower end E5li, E52i of each holding arm 51, 52 of the second holding means 5 comprises a bore 55i receiving a pivot axis 54i, of axis Al ', said pivot axis 54i also being received in a fixing ring 53i, fixed on the floating support 2 at the point of attachment (F2, F2').
Selon un tel mode de réalisation, l’étape f) du procédé comprend les sous-étapes suivantes : According to such an embodiment, step f) of the method comprises the following substeps:
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fl) fixation des deux anneaux de fixation 53s au niveau des points de fixation Fl, Fl’ sur le panneau photovoltaïque 3, RECTIFIED SHEET (RULE 91) ISA / EP fl) fixing the two fixation rings 53s at the fixing points Fl, Fl 'on the photovoltaic panel 3,
f2) mise en concordance du perçage 55s de l’extrémité supérieure E51s, E52s de chaque bras de maintien 51, 52 avec l’anneau de fixation 53s correspondant, f2) matching the bore 55s of the upper end E51s, E52s of each holding arm 51, 52 with the corresponding fixing ring 53s,
O) mise en place de chaque axe de pivot 54s dans chaque perçage 55s et dans chaque anneau de fixation 53s correspondant, O) setting up each pivot pin 54s in each hole 55s and in each corresponding fixing ring 53s,
et/ou, l’étape g) comprend les sous-étapes suivantes : and / or, step g) comprises the following substeps:
gl) fixation des deux anneaux de fixation 53s au niveau des points de fixation F2, F2’ sur le support flottant 2, gl) fixing the two fixing rings 53s at the fixing points F2, F2 'on the floating support 2,
g2) mise en concordance du perçage 55i de l’extrémité inférieure E5li, E52i de chaque bras de maintien 51, 52 avec l’anneau de fixation 53i correspondant, g2) aligning the bore 55i of the lower end E5li, E52i of each holding arm 51, 52 with the corresponding fixing ring 53i,
g3) mise en place de chaque axe de pivot 54i dans chaque perçage 55i et dans chaque anneau de fixation 53i correspondant. g3) placing each pivot pin 54i in each hole 55i and in each corresponding fixing ring 53i.
Une telle étape g) trouve son application dans le cas où les quatre articulations A5li, A5ls, A52i, A52s du deuxième moyen de maintien sont des liaisons rotules R, tel que visible sur les exemples de réalisation des figures 1 à 7, 11 et 12. Such a step g) finds its application in the case where the four joints A5li, A5ls, A52i, A52s of the second holding means are ball joints R, as visible in the embodiments of Figures 1 to 7, 11 and 12 .
Dans le cas où la première articulation inférieure A5li et la deuxième articulation inférieure A52i sont des liaisons pivots P5li, P52i, chaque liaison pivot P5li, P52i est formée d’un couple logement de fixation 56i/axe de pivot 57i, le logement de fixation 56i comprenant une première portion P56i ménagée sur le bras de maintien 51, 52 et une deuxième portion P56i’ ménagée sur le support flottant 2, l’axe du logement de fixation 56i définissant l’axe de la liaison pivot AP5li, AP52i, l’axe de pivot 57i étant reçu dans le logement de fixation 56i de sorte à pivoter autour de l’axe de la liaison pivot AP5li, AP52i, tel que visible sur les exemples de réalisation des figures 13 à 18, il peut être prévu une étape g), comprenant les sous-étapes suivantes : In the case where the first lower articulation A5li and the second lower articulation A52i are pivot links P5li, P52i, each pivot connection P5li, P52i is formed of a pair of fixing housing 56i / pivot axis 57i, the fixing housing 56i comprising a first portion P56i formed on the holding arm 51, 52 and a second portion P56i 'provided on the floating support 2, the axis of the fixing housing 56i defining the axis of the pivot connection AP5li, AP52i, the axis 57i pivot being received in the fixing housing 56i so as to pivot about the axis of the pivot connection AP5li, AP52i, as visible in the embodiments of Figures 13 to 18, it can be provided a step g) , comprising the following substeps:
gl’) mise en concordance de la première portion P56i du logement de fixation 56i de l’extrémité inférieure E5l i, E52i de chaque bras de maintien 51 , 52 avec la deuxième portion P56i’ du logement de fixation 56i ménagée sur le support flottant, gl ') matching the first portion P56i of the fixing housing 56i of the lower end E5I i, E52i of each holding arm 51, 52 with the second portion P56i' of the fixing housing 56i provided on the floating support,
g2’) mise en place de chaque axe de pivot 57i dans chaque logement de fixation 56. g2 ') placing each pivot pin 57i in each fixing housing 56.
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Une telle disposition du procédé selon l’invention permet avantageusement de réaliser une fixation fiable et rapide des bras de maintien 51, 52 du deuxième moyen de maintien 5 sur le panneau photovoltaïque 3 et/ou sur le support flottant 2, notamment dans le cas où le(s) axe(s) de pivot 54i, 54s est(sont) constitué(s) par une goupille amovible, telle que décrite précédemment. RECTIFIED SHEET (RULE 91) ISA / EP Such an arrangement of the method according to the invention advantageously makes it possible to achieve reliable and rapid fixing of the holding arms 51, 52 of the second holding means 5 on the photovoltaic panel 3 and / or on the floating support 2, especially in the case where the pivot axis (s) 54i, 54s is (are) constituted (s) by a removable pin, as described above.
Selon un mode de réalisation, l’étape f) et l’étape gl) sont réalisées préalablement aux étapes g2) et g3), par exemple en atelier ou sur le site de pose de l’ensemble modulaire, à un premier poste de travail PT1, afin de réaliser un premier ensemble prémonté 11 comportant le panneau photovoltaïque 3 muni des anneaux de fixation 53s fixés au niveau des points de fixation Fl, Fl’, et les bras de maintien 51, 52 du deuxième moyen de maintien 5 fixés au panneau photovoltaïque 3 par l’intermédiaire des axes de pivot 54s, et un deuxième ensemble prémonté 12 comportant le support flottant 2 muni des anneaux de fixation 54i fixés au niveau des points de fixation F2, F2’, les étapes g2) et g3) étant réalisées sur le site de pose de l’ensemble modulaire, sur un deuxième poste de travail PT2, afin d’assembler les deux ensembles prémontés 11, 12 pour constituer l’ensemble modulaire 1. According to one embodiment, step f) and step gl) are carried out prior to steps g2) and g3), for example in the workshop or on the installation site of the modular assembly, at a first workstation. PT1, in order to produce a first pre-assembled assembly 11 comprising the photovoltaic panel 3 provided with fixing rings 53s fixed at the fixing points Fl, Fl ', and the holding arms 51, 52 of the second holding means 5 fixed to the panel 3 by means of the pivot pins 54s, and a second pre-assembled assembly 12 comprising the floating support 2 provided with fixing rings 54i fixed at the fixing points F2, F2 ', the steps g2) and g3) being carried out at the installation site of the modular assembly, on a second workstation PT2, to assemble the two premounted assemblies 11, 12 to constitute the modular assembly 1.
De la même manière, dans le cas où la première articulation inférieure A5li et la deuxième articulation inférieure A52i sont des liaisons pivots P5li, P52i, l’étape f) peut être réalisée préalablement aux étapes gl’) et g2’), par exemple en atelier ou sur le site de pose de l’ensemble modulaire, à un premier poste de travail PT1, afin de réaliser un premier ensemble prémonté 11 comportant le panneau photovoltaïque 3 muni des anneaux de fixation 53s fixés au niveau des points de fixation Fl, FF, et les bras de maintien 51, 52 du deuxième moyen de maintien 5 fixés au panneau photo voltaïque 3 par l’intermédiaire des axes de pivot 54s, et un deuxième ensemble prémonté comportant le support flottant 2, comprenant éventuellement les deuxièmes portions P56i’ des logements de fixation 56i, les étapes gl’) et g2’) étant réalisées sur le site de pose de l’ensemble modulaire, sur un deuxième poste de travail PT2, afin d’assembler les deux ensembles prémontés 11, 12 pour constituer l’ensemble modulaire 1. In the same way, in the case where the first lower articulation A5li and the second lower articulation A52i are pivotal links P5li, P52i, step f) can be carried out before steps gl ') and g2'), for example in workshop or on the installation site of the modular assembly, at a first workstation PT1, to produce a first pre-assembled assembly 11 comprising the photovoltaic panel 3 provided with fixation rings 53s fixed at the fixing points Fl, FF , and the holding arms 51, 52 of the second holding means 5 attached to the photovoltaic panel 3 via the pivot axes 54s, and a second pre-assembled assembly comprising the floating support 2, possibly comprising the second portions P56i 'of the fixing housing 56i, the steps gl ') and g2') being performed on the installation site of the modular assembly, on a second workstation PT2, in order to assemble the two pre-assembled cables 11, 12 to constitute the modular assembly 1.
On entend par site de pose de l’ensemble modulaire 1 , le lieu ou les environs proches du lieu où la centrale solaire comprenant ledit ensemble modulaire 1 est prévue pour être installée lors de son fonctionnement, i.e. lors de sa mise en œuvre pour la production d’électricité photovoltaïque. The installation site of the modular assembly 1 is understood to mean the place or the surroundings close to the place where the solar power station comprising said modular assembly 1 is intended to be installed during its operation, ie during its implementation for the production. of photovoltaic electricity.
FEUILLE RECTIFIÉE (RÈGLE 91) ISA/EP
Ainsi, le site de pose de l’ensemble modulaire 1 peut par exemple consister en un bord de l’étendue d’eau sur laquelle est prévue d’être installée ladite centrale solaire flottante. Grâce à cette disposition avantageuse du procédé selon l’invention, la réalisation de l’ensemble modulaire 1 selon l’invention sur le site de pose est particulièrement simple et rapide, car il n’y a qu’à effectuer les étapes g2) et g3), ou éventuellement les étapes gl’), g2’) du procédé au niveau du site de pose pour réaliser ledit ensemble modulaire 1. On peut également envisager, pour les mêmes avantages, de réaliser l’étape d) du procédé en atelier à distance du site de pose de l’ensemble modulaire, et l’étape e) sur le site de pose de l’ensemble modulaire. RECTIFIED SHEET (RULE 91) ISA / EP Thus, the installation site of the modular assembly 1 may for example consist of an edge of the body of water on which is planned to be installed said floating solar plant. Thanks to this advantageous arrangement of the method according to the invention, the realization of the modular assembly 1 according to the invention on the laying site is particularly simple and fast, since it is only necessary to perform the steps g2) and g3), or possibly the steps gl '), g2') of the method at the laying site to achieve said modular assembly 1. It is also conceivable, for the same advantages, to perform step d) of the process in the workshop remote from the installation site of the modular assembly, and step e) on the installation site of the modular assembly.
Ainsi, comme visible notamment sur la figure 8, le deuxième ensemble prémonté 12 peut comporter le support flottant 2 sur lequel est fixé le premier moyen de maintien 4, notamment le profilé souple 41. Thus, as can be seen in particular in FIG. 8, the second pre-assembled assembly 12 may comprise the floating support 2 on which is fixed the first holding means 4, in particular the flexible section 41.
Avantageusement, la fixation des anneaux de fixation 53i au niveau des points de fixation F2, F2’ sur le support flottant 2 peut également être réalisée en atelier, à distance du site de pose, lesdits anneaux de fixation 53i appartenant ainsi également au deuxième ensemble prémonté 12. Advantageously, the fixation of the fixing rings 53i at the fixing points F2, F2 'on the floating support 2 can also be carried out in the workshop, away from the laying site, said fixing rings 53i thus also belonging to the second pre-assembled assembly 12.
Par ailleurs, une telle disposition présente également l’avantage de ne pas compliquer le transport des différents éléments composant ledit ensemble modulaire par rapport à un procédé, dans lequel les étapes f) et gl) (voire d)) seraient réalisées sur le site de pose, qui nécessite le transport des différents éléments composant l’ensemble modulaire 1 dans un état désassemblé. Moreover, such an arrangement also has the advantage of not complicating the transport of the various elements making up said modular assembly with respect to a method, in which the steps f) and gl) (or even d)) would be carried out on the site of pose, which requires the transport of the various components of the modular assembly 1 in a disassembled state.
En effet, comme visible notamment sur la figure 7, les bras de maintien 51, 52 peuvent être fixés sur le premier bord de grande dimension Bl du panneau photovoltaïque de sorte à pouvoir être rabattus contre une paroi inférieure du panneau photovoltaïque 3, ce qui limitera l’encombrement du premier ensemble prémonté 11 par rapport à un panneau photovoltaïque 3 sans lesdits bras de maintien 51, 52. Indeed, as can be seen in particular in FIG. 7, the holding arms 51, 52 can be fixed on the first large-dimension edge B1 of the photovoltaic panel so that they can be folded against a lower wall of the photovoltaic panel 3, which will limit the bulk of the first pre-assembled assembly 11 with respect to a photovoltaic panel 3 without said holding arms 51, 52.
De même, l’encombrement du premier moyen de maintien 4, notamment du profilé souple 41, ainsi que celui des anneaux de fixation 53i étant relativement faible par rapport à celui du support flottant 2, le transport du deuxième ensemble prémonté 12 n’est pas plus fastidieux que celui du support flottant 2. Similarly, the bulk of the first holding means 4, in particular the flexible section 41, as well as the fixing rings 53i being relatively small compared to that of the floating support 2, the transport of the second pre-assembled assembly 12 is not more tedious than the floating support 2.
FEUILLE RECTIFIÉE (RÈGLE 91) ISA/EP
Naturellement, d’autres modes de réalisation auraient pu être envisagés par l’Homme du métier sans pour autant sortir du cadre de l’invention définie par les revendications ci- après. RECTIFIED SHEET (RULE 91) ISA / EP Of course, other embodiments could have been envisaged by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention defined by the claims below.
FEUILLE RECTIFIÉE (RÈGLE 91) ISA/EP
NOMENCLATURE RECTIFIED SHEET (RULE 91) ISA / EP NOMENCLATURE
1. Ensemble modulaire 1. Modular set
DH1. Direction horizontale DH1. Horizontal direction
11. Premier ensemble prémonté 11. First pre-assembled set
12. Deuxième ensemble prémonté 12. Second premounted assembly
2. Support flottant 2. Floating support
21. Paroi supérieure 21. Upper wall
22. Paroi inférieure 22. Bottom wall
23. 24, 25, 26. Paroi latérale 23. 24, 25, 26. Side wall
L22. Largeur du support flottant L22. Width of floating support
3. Panneau photovoltaïque 3. Photovoltaic panel
31. Cadre 31. Framework
32, 33. Longeron 32, 33. Longeron
34. Traverse 34. Traverse
35. Profilé de pincement 35. Pinch profile
Bl. Premier bord de grande dimension Bl. First large edge
B2. Deuxième bord de grande dimension B2. Second large edge
EB 1 , EB 1’ . Extrémité du premier bord de grande dimension EB 1, EB 1 '. End of the first large edge
DEB 1 , DEB 1’ . Distance entre point de fixation et extrémité du premier bord de grande dimension DEB 1, DEB 1 '. Distance between attachment point and end of the first large edge
DPM. Distance entre point de fixation et plan médian DPM. Distance between fixing point and median plane
LB 1. Largeur du panneau photo voltaïque LB 1. Width of the photovoltaic panel
Fl, Fl’, F2, F2’, F4. Point de fixation Fl, Fl ', F2, F2', F4. Attachment point
ZF1, ZFL. Zone de fixation ZF1, ZFL. Fixing area
El, E2. Ecartement El, E2. spacing
Di, Ds. Droite Di, Ds. Right
PM. Plan médian PM. Median plane
4. Premier moyen de maintien 4. First means of support
41 . Profilé souple 41. Flexible profile
42. Branche horizontale 42. Horizontal branch
43. Branche verticale 43. Vertical branch
AT. Axe de rotation AT. Rotation axis
FEUILLE RECTIFIÉE (RÈGLE 91) ISA/EP
5. Deuxième moyen de maintien RECTIFIED SHEET (RULE 91) ISA / EP 5. Second holding means
51. Premier bras de maintien 51. First holding arm
52. Deuxième bras de maintien 52. Second holding arm
L51, L52. Longueur de bras de maintien L51, L52. Length of holding arm
E5 li, E52i. Extrémité inférieure E5 li, E52i. Bottom end
E5ls, E52s. Extrémité supérieure E5ls, E52s. Upper end
A5ls, A52s, A5li, A52L Articulation A5ls, A52s, A5li, A52L Articulation
P5 li, P52L Liaison pivot P5 li, P52L Pivot link
FP. Direction de pivotement FP. Swivel direction
AP5li, AP52L Axe AP5li, AP52L Axis
53i, 53s. Anneau de fixation 53i, 53s. Fixing ring
P53s. Pièce de fixation P53s. Fixing piece
FP53s. Surface plane d’appui FP53s. Flat surface support
FA53s. Surface plane de fixation FA53s. Flat fixing surface
A53i, A53s. Axe d’anneau de fixation A53i, A53s. Fixing ring pin
C53i. C53s. Centre d’anneau de fixation C53i. C53s. Fixation ring center
54i, 54s. 57i Axe de pivot 54i, 54s. 57i Pivot shaft
P56i, P56i’ Perçage P56i, P56i 'Drilling
56i. Logement de fixation 56i. Fixing housing
Al, Al’, A2, A2’, A3, A3’. Axe de rotation Al, Al ', A2, A2', A3, A3 '. Rotation axis
al, al’, a2, a2’, a3, a3’. Amplitude angulaire al, al ', a2, a2', a3, a3 '. Angular amplitude
R. Liaison rotule R. Patella connection
PT1. Premier poste de travail PT1. First workstation
PT2. Deuxième poste de travail PT2. Second workstation
FEUILLE RECTIFIÉE (RÈGLE 91) ISA/EP
RECTIFIED SHEET (RULE 91) ISA / EP
Claims
1. Ensemble modulaire (1) pour centrale solaire flottante comportant : A modular unit (1) for floating solar power station comprising:
- un support flottant (2) pour panneau photovoltaïque, a floating support (2) for photovoltaic panel,
- un panneau photovoltaïque (3) de forme rectangulaire, comprenant quatre bords parallèles deux à deux : deux bords de grande dimension (Bl, B2) et deux bords de petite dimension, a photovoltaic panel (3) of rectangular shape, comprising four parallel edges two by two: two large-sized edges (B1, B2) and two small-sized edges,
- un système de fixation assurant le maintien du panneau photovoltaïque (3) sur le support flottant, au niveau de ses deux bords de plus grande dimension (Bl, B2), caractérisé en ce que ledit système de fixation comporte : an attachment system ensuring the maintenance of the photovoltaic panel (3) on the floating support, at its two edges of larger size (B1, B2), characterized in that said fixing system comprises:
- un premier moyen de maintien (4) assurant le maintien du panneau photovoltaïque (3) sur le support flottant (2), reliant le premier bord de grande dimension (Bl) du panneau photovoltaïque (3) au support flottant (2), au niveau d’au moins un point de fixation (F4) sur le support flottant (2) a first holding means (4) ensuring the maintenance of the photovoltaic panel (3) on the floating support (2), connecting the first large edge (B1) of the photovoltaic panel (3) to the floating support (2), to the level of at least one attachment point (F4) on the floating support (2)
- un deuxième moyen de maintien (5) assurant le maintien du panneau photovoltaïque (3) au niveau d’un deuxième bord de grande dimension (B2) du panneau photovoltaïque (3), comprenant deux bras de maintien (51, 52), dits premier bras de maintien (51) et deuxième bras de maintien (52), comportant chacun une extrémité supérieure (E5ls, E52s) et une extrémité inférieure (E5li, E52i), l’extrémité supérieure (E5ls) du premier bras de maintien (51) étant montée pivotante par rapport au panneau photovoltaïque (3), par l’intermédiaire d’une première articulation supérieure (A5ls), au niveau d’un point de fixation (Fl) sur le panneau photovoltaïque (3) et l’extrémité supérieure (E52s) du deuxième bras de maintien (52) étant montée pivotante par rapport au panneau photovoltaïque (3), par l’intermédiaire d’une deuxième articulation supérieure (A52s), au niveau d’un point de fixation (Fl’) sur le panneau photo voltaïque (3) ; l’extrémité inférieure (E5li) du premier bras de maintien (51) étant montée pivotante par rapport au support flottant (2), par l’intermédiaire d’une première articulation inférieure (A5li), au niveau d’un point de fixation (F2) sur le support flottant (2), et l’extrémité inférieure (E52i) du deuxième bras de maintien (52) étant montée pivotante par rapport au support flottant (2), par l’intermédiaire d’une deuxième articulation inférieure (A52i), au niveau d’un point de fixation (F2’) sur le support flottant (2),
dans lequel l’écartement (El) entre les deux points de fixation (Fl, Fl’) sur le panneau photovoltaïque (3) est strictement supérieur à l’écartement (E2) entre les deux points de fixation (F2, F2’) sur le support flottant (2), a second holding means (5) ensuring the maintenance of the photovoltaic panel (3) at a second large edge (B2) of the photovoltaic panel (3), comprising two holding arms (51, 52), first holding arm (51) and second holding arm (52), each having an upper end (E5ls, E52s) and a lower end (E5li, E52i), the upper end (E5ls) of the first holding arm (51 ) being pivotally mounted with respect to the photovoltaic panel (3), via a first upper joint (A5ls), at a fixing point (F1) on the photovoltaic panel (3) and the upper end (E52s) of the second holding arm (52) being pivotally mounted with respect to the photovoltaic panel (3), via a second upper articulation (A52s), at a point of attachment (F1 ') on the photovoltaic panel (3); the lower end (E5li) of the first holding arm (51) being pivotally mounted relative to the floating support (2), via a first lower articulation (A5li), at a point of attachment ( F2) on the floating support (2), and the lower end (E52i) of the second holding arm (52) being pivotally mounted relative to the floating support (2), via a second lower articulation (A52i ), at an attachment point (F2 ') on the floating support (2), wherein the spacing (El) between the two fixing points (Fl, Fl ') on the photovoltaic panel (3) is strictly greater than the spacing (E2) between the two fixing points (F2, F2') on the floating support (2),
et dans lequel l’écartement d’ancrage (E24) sur le support flottant entre les points de fixation (F2, F2’) des bras de maintien (51, 52) sur le support flottant (2), d’une part, et les points de fixation (F4) du premier moyen de maintien (4) sur le support flottant, d’autre part, est configuré pour varier librement lorsque le support flottant se déforme, la première articulation supérieure, la deuxième articulation supérieure, la première articulation inférieure et la deuxième articulation inférieure étant configurées pour autoriser la déformation sans contrainte de la structure formée par les deux bras de maintien lorsque ledit écartement d’ancrage (E24) varie. and wherein the anchoring gap (E24) on the floating support between the fixing points (F2, F2 ') of the holding arms (51, 52) on the floating support (2), on the one hand, and the fixing points (F4) of the first holding means (4) on the floating support, on the other hand, is configured to vary freely when the floating support is deformed, the first upper articulation, the second upper articulation, the first articulation lower and the second lower hinge being configured to allow the strain-free deformation of the structure formed by the two holding arms when said anchoring gap (E24) varies.
2. Ensemble modulaire selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la première articulation inférieure (A5li) et/ou la deuxième articulation inférieure (A52i) est une liaison pivot (P5li, P52i) d’axe (AP51Î, AP52i), perpendiculaire à une direction horizontale (DH1) et sensiblement verticale lorsque le support flottant (2) est positionné sur une étendue d’eau. Modular assembly according to claim 1, wherein the first lower articulation (A5li) and / or the second lower articulation (A52i) is a pivot connection (P5li, P52i) of axis (AP51I, AP52i) perpendicular to a direction horizontal (DH1) and substantially vertical when the floating support (2) is positioned on a body of water.
3. Ensemble modulaire selon la revendication 2, dans lequel au moins une liaison pivot (P5li, P52i) est formée d’un couple logement de fixation (56i)/axe de pivot (57i), l’axe du logement de fixation (56i) définissant l’axe de la liaison pivot (AP51Î, AP52i), l’axe de pivot (57i) étant reçu dans le logement de fixation (56i) de sorte à pivoter autour de l’axe de la liaison pivot (AP51Î, AP52i). Modular assembly according to claim 2, wherein at least one pivot connection (P5li, P52i) is formed of a couple of fixing housing (56i) / pivot axis (57i), the axis of the fixing housing (56i). ) defining the axis of the pivot connection (AP51I, AP52i), the pivot axis (57i) being received in the fixing housing (56i) so as to pivot about the axis of the pivot connection (AP51I, AP52i) ).
4. Ensemble modulaire selon la revendication 3, dans lequel l’axe de pivot (57i) est réalisé sous la forme d’une goupille amovible. The modular assembly of claim 3, wherein the pivot axis (57i) is in the form of a detachable pin.
5. Ensemble modulaire selon l’une des revendications 2 à 4, dans lequel la première articulation supérieure (A5ls) et/ou la deuxième articulation supérieure (A52s) est réalisée sous la forme d’une liaison rotule (R). 5. Modular assembly according to one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the first upper articulation (A5ls) and / or the second upper articulation (A52s) is in the form of a ball joint (R).
6. Ensemble selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la première articulation supérieure (A5ls), la deuxième articulation supérieure (A52s), la première articulation
inférieure (A5li) et la deuxième articulation inférieure (A52i) sont réalisées sous la forme de liaisons rotules (R). 6. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the first upper articulation (A5ls), the second upper articulation (A52s), the first articulation lower (A5li) and the second lower articulation (A52i) are made in the form of ball joints (R).
7. Ensemble modulaire (1) selon la revendication 5 ou 6, dans lequel chaque liaison rotule (R) est formée d’un couple anneau de fixation (53i, 53s)/axe de pivot (54i, 54s), l’axe (A53i, A53s) de l’anneau de fixation (53i, 53s) définissant un premier axe de rotation (Al, AG) de la liaison rotule R, l’axe de pivot (54i, 54s) étant reçu dans l’anneau de fixation (53i, 53s), de sorte à pivoter autour de ce premier axe de rotation (Al, AG) et autour d’un deuxième axe (A2, A2’), perpendiculaire au premier axe (Al, AG), et autour d’un troisième axe (A3, A3’), perpendiculaire au premier axe (Al, AG) et au deuxième axe (A2, A2’), l’amplitude angulaire (al, al’) de la rotation autour du premier axe (Al, AG) étant strictement supérieure à l’amplitude angulaire (a2, a2’) de la rotation autour du deuxième axe (A2, A2’) et à l’amplitude angulaire (a3, a3’) de la rotation autour du troisième axe (A3, A3’). 7. A modular assembly (1) according to claim 5 or 6, wherein each ball joint (R) is formed of a pair of fixing ring (53i, 53s) / pivot axis (54i, 54s), the axis ( A53i, A53s) of the fixing ring (53i, 53s) defining a first axis of rotation (Al, AG) of the ball joint R, the pivot axis (54i, 54s) being received in the fixing ring (53i, 53s), so as to pivot about this first axis of rotation (Al, AG) and about a second axis (A2, A2 '), perpendicular to the first axis (Al, AG), and around a third axis (A3, A3 '), perpendicular to the first axis (Al, AG) and to the second axis (A2, A2'), the angular amplitude (al, al ') of the rotation about the first axis (Al, AG) being strictly greater than the angular amplitude (a2, a2 ') of the rotation about the second axis (A2, A2') and the angular amplitude (a3, a3 ') of the rotation about the third axis (A3 , A3 ').
8. Ensemble modulaire (1) selon la revendication 7, dans lequel l’amplitude angulaire (a2, a2’) autour du deuxième axe (A2, A2’) et (a3, a3’) autour du troisième axe (A3, A3’) est comprise entre 5° et 30°. 8. Modular assembly (1) according to claim 7, wherein the angular amplitude (a2, a2 ') about the second axis (A2, A2') and (a3, a3 ') around the third axis (A3, A3' ) is between 5 ° and 30 °.
9. Ensemble modulaire (1) selon la revendication 7 ou 8, dans lequel au moins un anneau de fixation (53i, 53s) est de forme torique. 9. Modular assembly (1) according to claim 7 or 8, wherein at least one fixing ring (53i, 53s) is of toric shape.
10. Ensemble modulaire (1) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 7 à 9, dans lequel les anneaux de fixation (53i) des rotules (R) au niveau des points de fixation (F2, F2’) sur le support flottant (2) sont disposés sur le support flottant (2) de telle sorte que leurs centres (C53i) respectifs sont reliés par une droite (Di) parallèle aux bords de grande dimension (Bl, B2) du panneau photovoltaïque (3). 10. Modular assembly (1) according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the fastening rings (53i) of the ball joints (R) at the attachment points (F2, F2 ') on the floating support (2). ) are arranged on the floating support (2) so that their respective centers (C53i) are connected by a straight line (Di) parallel to the large-sized edges (B1, B2) of the photovoltaic panel (3).
11. Ensemble modulaire (1) selon l’une des revendications 7 à 10, dans lequel l’extrémité supérieure (E5ls, E52s) des bras de maintien (51, 52) du deuxième moyen de maintien (5) comporte un perçage recevant un axe de pivot (54s) de la liaison rotule (R), ledit axe de pivot (54s) étant également reçu dans un anneau de fixation (53s) de la liaison rotule (R), fixé sur le panneau photovoltaïque (3) au niveau du point de fixation
(Fl, Fl’), ledit anneau de fixation (53s) étant configuré de sorte à autoriser la rotation de l’axe de pivot (54s) autour du premier axe de rotation (Al) et autour des deux axes de rotation (A2, A3), perpendiculaires au premier axe de rotation (Al), et/ou l’extrémité inférieure (E5li, E52i) dudit bras de maintien (51, 52) du deuxième moyen de maintien (5) comporte un perçage recevant un axe de pivot (54i) de la liaison rotule (R), ledit axe de pivot (54i) étant également reçu dans un anneau de fixation (53i) de la liaison rotule (R), fixé sur le support flottant (2) au niveau du point de fixation (F2, F2’), ledit anneau de fixation (53i) étant configuré de sorte à autoriser la rotation de l’axe de pivot (54i) autour du premier axe (Al) de rotation et autour des deux axes de rotation (A2, A3), perpendiculaires au premier axe de rotation (Al). 11. Modular assembly (1) according to one of claims 7 to 10, wherein the upper end (E5ls, E52s) of the holding arm (51, 52) of the second holding means (5) comprises a bore receiving a pivot axis (54s) of the ball joint (R), said pivot axis (54s) also being received in a fastening ring (53s) of the ball joint (R), fixed on the photovoltaic panel (3) at the fixing point (Fl, Fl '), said fixing ring (53s) being configured to allow rotation of the pivot axis (54s) about the first axis of rotation (Al) and about the two axes of rotation (A2, A3), perpendicular to the first axis of rotation (Al), and / or the lower end (E5li, E52i) of said holding arm (51, 52) of the second holding means (5) comprises a bore receiving a pivot axis (54i) of the ball joint (R), said pivot pin (54i) also being received in a fixing ring (53i) of the ball joint (R), fixed on the floating support (2) at the point of fixing (F2, F2 '), said fixing ring (53i) being configured to allow rotation of the pivot axis (54i) about the first axis (Al) of rotation and about the two axes of rotation (A2) , A3), perpendicular to the first axis of rotation (Al).
12. Ensemble modulaire (1) selon l’une des revendications 7 à 11, dans lequel au moins un axe de pivot (54i, 54s) formant une liaison rotule (R) est constitué par une goupille amovible. 12. Modular assembly (1) according to one of claims 7 to 11, wherein at least one pivot axis (54i, 54s) forming a ball joint (R) is constituted by a removable pin.
13. Ensemble modulaire selon l’une des revendications 1 à 12, dans lequel le premier moyen de maintien (4) du système de fixation comprend un profilé souple (41), fixé sur le support flottant (2), selon la direction longitudinale des bords parallèles de grande dimension (Bl, B2) du panneau photovoltaïque (3), le profilé souple (41) étant configuré de sorte à autoriser un pivotement du panneau photovoltaïque (3) par rapport au support flottant (2) autour d’un axe (AT) selon ladite direction sensiblement transversale, uniquement en se déformant. 13. Modular assembly according to one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the first holding means (4) of the fastening system comprises a flexible section (41), fixed on the floating support (2), in the longitudinal direction of large parallel edges (B1, B2) of the photovoltaic panel (3), the flexible section (41) being configured to allow pivoting of the photovoltaic panel (3) with respect to the floating support (2) about an axis (AT) in said substantially transverse direction, only by deforming.
14. Ensemble modulaire (1) selon l’une des revendications 1 à 13 dans lequel le panneau photovoltaïque (3) est muni d’un cadre (31) comportant au moins deux longerons (32, 33) prévus pour recouvrir les bords de grande dimension (Bl, B2) du panneau photovoltaïque (3), le premier (4) et le deuxième (5) moyen de maintien du système de fixation maintenant le panneau photovoltaïque (3) au niveau du cadre (31). 14. Modular assembly (1) according to one of claims 1 to 13 wherein the photovoltaic panel (3) is provided with a frame (31) having at least two longitudinal members (32, 33) provided to cover the edges of large dimension (B1, B2) of the photovoltaic panel (3), the first (4) and second (5) holding means of the fixing system holding the photovoltaic panel (3) at the frame (31).
15. Ensemble modulaire (1) selon l’une des revendications 1 à 14, dans lequel le panneau photovoltaïque (3) est disposé débordant latéralement des deux côtés du support flottant (2).
15. Modular assembly (1) according to one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the photovoltaic panel (3) is arranged protruding laterally on both sides of the floating support (2).
16. Ensemble modulaire (1) selon l’une des revendications 1 à 15, dans lequel les points de fixation (Fl, Fl’) du premier et du deuxième bras de maintien sur le panneau photovoltaïque sont chacun situés dans une zone de fixation (ZF1, ZF1’) telle que la distance (DPM) séparant un point de fixation (Fl, Fl’) du plan médian (PM) du panneau photovoltaïque (3) est strictement supérieure à la distance (DEB1, DEB1’) le séparant de l’extrémité (EB1, EBG) du premier bord de grande dimension (Bl) du panneau photovoltaïque (3) la plus proche. 16. Modular assembly (1) according to one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the fixing points (Fl, Fl ') of the first and second holding arm on the photovoltaic panel are each located in a fixing zone ( ZF1, ZF1 ') such that the distance (DPM) between an attachment point (Fl, Fl') of the median plane (PM) of the photovoltaic panel (3) is strictly greater than the distance (DEB1, DEB1 ') separating it from the end (EB1, EBG) of the first large-size edge (B1) of the nearest photovoltaic panel (3).
17. Ensemble modulaire selon l’une des revendications 1 à 16, dans lequel le support flottant (2) est une enveloppe plastique. 17. Modular assembly according to one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the floating support (2) is a plastic envelope.
18. Procédé de réalisation d’un ensemble modulaire (1) pour centrale solaire flottante selon l’une des revendications 1 à 17 comprenant les étapes : 18. A method of producing a modular assembly (1) for floating solar power plant according to one of claims 1 to 17 comprising the steps:
a) fourniture du panneau photovoltaïque (3) de forme rectangulaire, comprenant quatre bords parallèles deux à deux : deux bords de grande dimension (Bl, B2) et deux bords de petite dimension, a) supplying the photovoltaic panel (3) of rectangular shape, comprising four parallel edges in pairs: two large-sized edges (B1, B2) and two small-sized edges,
b) fourniture du support flottant (2) pour panneau photovoltaïque (3), b) supply of the floating support (2) for photovoltaic panel (3),
c) fourniture du système de fixation du panneau photovoltaïque (3) sur le support flottant (2) pour panneau photovoltaïque (3), comprenant le premier moyen de maintien (4) et le deuxième moyen de maintien (5), c) supplying the photovoltaic panel fixing system (3) on the floating support (2) for photovoltaic panel (3), comprising the first holding means (4) and the second holding means (5),
d) fixation du premier moyen de maintien (4) du système de fixation sur le support flottant (2), d) fixing the first holding means (4) of the fastening system on the floating support (2),
e) fixation du panneau photovoltaïque (3) au niveau d’un premier bord de grande dimension (Bl) sur le premier moyen de maintien (4) du système de fixation, f) fixation de l’extrémité supérieure (E5ls, E52s) de chaque bras de maintien (51, 52) du deuxième moyen de maintien (5) du système de fixation sur le panneau photo voltaïque (3), e) fixing the photovoltaic panel (3) at a first large edge (Bl) on the first holding means (4) of the fastening system, f) fixing the upper end (E5ls, E52s) of each holding arm (51, 52) of the second holding means (5) of the fastening system on the photovoltaic panel (3),
g) fixation de l’extrémité inférieure (E5li, E52i) de chaque bras de maintien (51, 52) du deuxième moyen de maintien du système de fixation sur le support flottant. g) fixing the lower end (E5li, E52i) of each holding arm (51, 52) of the second fastening means of the fastening system on the floating support.
19. Procédé de réalisation d’un ensemble modulaire (1) pour centrale solaire flottante selon la revendication 16, dans lequel l’extrémité supérieure (E5ls, E52s) de
chaque bras de maintien (51, 52) du deuxième moyen de maintien (5) comporte un perçage (55s) recevant un axe de pivot (54s), d’axe (Al), ledit axe de pivot (54s) étant également reçu dans un anneau de fixation (53s), fixé sur le panneau photovoltaïque (3) au niveau du point de fixation (Fl, Fl’), et/ou l’extrémité inférieure de chaque bras de maintien (51, 52) du deuxième moyen de maintien (5) comporte un perçage (55i) recevant un axe de pivot (54i), d’axe (Al’), ledit axe de pivot (54i) étant également reçu dans un anneau de fixation (53i), fixé sur le support flottant (2) au niveau du point de fixation (F2, F2’), dans lequel l’étape f) comprend les sous-étapes suivantes : 19. A method of producing a modular assembly (1) for floating solar power plant according to claim 16, wherein the upper end (E5ls, E52s) of each holding arm (51, 52) of the second holding means (5) comprises a bore (55s) receiving a pivot axis (54s), of axis (A1), said pivot axis (54s) being also received in an attachment ring (53s), fixed on the photovoltaic panel (3) at the attachment point (Fl, Fl '), and / or the lower end of each holding arm (51, 52) of the second means of holding (5) comprises a bore (55i) receiving a pivot axis (54i), axis (Al '), said pivot axis (54i) also being received in a fixing ring (53i), fixed on the support floating (2) at the point of attachment (F2, F2 '), wherein step f) comprises the following substeps:
fl) fixation des deux anneaux de fixation (53s) au niveau des points de fixation (Fl, Fl’) sur le panneau photovoltaïque (3), fl) fixing the two fixing rings (53s) at the fixing points (Fl, Fl ') on the photovoltaic panel (3),
f2) mise en concordance du perçage (55s) de l’extrémité supérieure (E5ls, E52s) de chaque bras de maintien (51, 52) avec l’anneau de fixation (53s) correspondant, f3) mise en place de chaque axe de pivot (54s) dans chaque perçage (55s) et dans chaque anneau de fixation (53 s) correspondant, f2) matching the hole (55s) of the upper end (E5ls, E52s) of each holding arm (51, 52) with the corresponding fixing ring (53s), f3) positioning each axis of pivot (54s) in each bore (55s) and in each corresponding fastening ring (53s),
et/ou, l’étape g) comprend les sous-étapes suivantes : and / or, step g) comprises the following substeps:
gl) fixation des deux anneaux de fixation (53i) au niveau des points de fixation (F2, F2’) sur le support flottant (2), gl) fixing the two fixing rings (53i) at the fixing points (F2, F2 ') on the floating support (2),
g2) mise en concordance du perçage (55i) de l’extrémité inférieure (E5li, E52i) de chaque bras de maintien (51, 52) avec l’anneau de fixation (53i) correspondant, g3) mise en place de chaque axe de pivot (54i) dans chaque perçage (55i) et dans chaque anneau de fixation (53i) correspondant. g2) matching the hole (55i) of the lower end (E5li, E52i) of each holding arm (51, 52) with the corresponding fixing ring (53i), g3) setting up each axis of pivot (54i) in each bore (55i) and in each corresponding fixing ring (53i).
20. Procédé de réalisation d’un ensemble modulaire (1) selon la revendication 19 dans lequel l’étape f) et l’étape gl) sont réalisées préalablement aux étapes g2) et g3), par exemple en atelier ou sur le site de pose de l’ensemble modulaire (1), à un premier poste de travail (PT1), afin de réaliser un premier ensemble prémonté (11) comportant le panneau photovoltaïque (3) muni des anneaux de fixation (53s) fixés au niveau des points de fixation (Fl, Fl’) et les bras de maintien (51, 52) du deuxième moyen de maintien (5) fixés au panneau photovoltaïque (3) par l’intermédiaire des axes de pivot (54s), et un deuxième ensemble prémonté (12) comportant le support flottant (2) muni des anneaux de fixation (53i) fixés au niveau des points de fixation (F2, F2’), les étapes g2) et g3) étant réalisées au niveau du site de pose de l’ensemble modulaire (1), à un
deuxième poste de travail (PT2), afin d’assembler les deux ensembles prémontés (11, 12) pour constituer l’ensemble modulaire (1).
20. A method of producing a modular assembly (1) according to claim 19 wherein step f) and step gl) are performed prior to steps g2) and g3), for example in the workshop or on the site of placing the modular assembly (1) at a first workstation (PT1) to produce a first pre-assembled assembly (11) comprising the photovoltaic panel (3) provided with fixation rings (53s) fixed at the points for fixing (Fl, Fl ') and the holding arms (51, 52) of the second holding means (5) fixed to the photovoltaic panel (3) via the pivot pins (54s), and a second pre-assembled assembly (12) comprising the floating support (2) provided with fixing rings (53i) fixed at the fixing points (F2, F2 '), the steps g2) and g3) being carried out at the laying site of the modular assembly (1), at a second workstation (PT2), to assemble the two pre-assembled sets (11, 12) to form the modular assembly (1).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1763062 | 2017-12-22 | ||
FR1763062A FR3076125B1 (en) | 2017-12-22 | 2017-12-22 | MODULAR ASSEMBLY FOR FLOATING SOLAR POWER PLANT |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2019122712A1 true WO2019122712A1 (en) | 2019-06-27 |
Family
ID=61258507
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2018/053406 WO2019122712A1 (en) | 2017-12-22 | 2018-12-19 | Modular assembly for floating solar power plant |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
KR (1) | KR20190076914A (en) |
FR (1) | FR3076125B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2019122712A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3793085A1 (en) | 2019-09-13 | 2021-03-17 | Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives | Floating photovoltaic structure |
WO2021151940A1 (en) | 2020-01-27 | 2021-08-05 | Csub As | Floating solar support module |
CN115225023A (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2022-10-21 | 宁波欧达光电有限公司 | Floating type photovoltaic cell assembly |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2549551A1 (en) * | 2011-07-20 | 2013-01-23 | Agora' S.r.l. | Modular supporting construction for photovoltaic systems |
KR101262016B1 (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2013-05-08 | 조계찬 | Solarcell panel supporting structure having device for coupling frames |
WO2014165609A1 (en) | 2013-04-02 | 2014-10-09 | Energy Related Devices, Inc. | Photovoltaic module mounting to rubber tires |
KR20160083441A (en) | 2014-12-31 | 2016-07-12 | 오토렉스 주식회사 | Buoyancy integral type floating solar power generating system |
-
2017
- 2017-12-22 FR FR1763062A patent/FR3076125B1/en active Active
-
2018
- 2018-12-19 WO PCT/FR2018/053406 patent/WO2019122712A1/en active Application Filing
- 2018-12-24 KR KR1020180168380A patent/KR20190076914A/en unknown
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2549551A1 (en) * | 2011-07-20 | 2013-01-23 | Agora' S.r.l. | Modular supporting construction for photovoltaic systems |
KR101262016B1 (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2013-05-08 | 조계찬 | Solarcell panel supporting structure having device for coupling frames |
WO2014165609A1 (en) | 2013-04-02 | 2014-10-09 | Energy Related Devices, Inc. | Photovoltaic module mounting to rubber tires |
KR20160083441A (en) | 2014-12-31 | 2016-07-12 | 오토렉스 주식회사 | Buoyancy integral type floating solar power generating system |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3793085A1 (en) | 2019-09-13 | 2021-03-17 | Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives | Floating photovoltaic structure |
FR3100949A1 (en) | 2019-09-13 | 2021-03-19 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives | Floating photovoltaic structure |
WO2021151940A1 (en) | 2020-01-27 | 2021-08-05 | Csub As | Floating solar support module |
CN115225023A (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2022-10-21 | 宁波欧达光电有限公司 | Floating type photovoltaic cell assembly |
CN115225023B (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2022-12-23 | 宁波欧达光电有限公司 | Floating type photovoltaic cell assembly |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20190076914A (en) | 2019-07-02 |
FR3076125B1 (en) | 2021-02-26 |
FR3076125A1 (en) | 2019-06-28 |
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