WO2018145807A1

WO2018145807A1 - Winding of an electric machine having increased winding factor

Info

Publication number: WO2018145807A1
Application number: PCT/EP2018/000042
Authority: WO
Inventors: Markus SCHIEFER
Original assignee: SciMo - Elektrische Hochleistungsantriebe GmbH
Priority date: 2017-02-07
Filing date: 2018-02-01
Publication date: 2018-08-16
Also published as: DE102017102314A1; EP3580835A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a device (100) comprising: at least one stator (110) having two radially symmetrical cover surfaces (120), wherein the stator (110) has at least two grooves (130) which each extend in the axial or transverse-axial direction from a cover surface (120) to the opposite cover surface (120) through the entire stator (110) and into the stator (110) in the radial direction, and which have an internal end surface (330); and at least one flat wire winding (140) formed by at least two coil windings (220) by means of a flat wire (210). Wherein these (220) are arranged without joining points and stacked on top of one another in such a way that the respective flat wire (210) runs substantially parallel to the respective neighbouring flat wire (210) and is formed such that they are substantially adjacent to one another. Wherein the flat wire winding (140) is at least partially introduced inside the grooves (130) in such a way that the first coil winding (220) runs substantially adjacent to the end surface (330) of the respective groove (130), and at least one region of the flat wire winding (140), which is arranged outside of the grooves (130), is arranged along a groove-free region (180) and runs substantially parallel to the respective cover surface (120).

Description

Winding of an electric machine with increased degree of filling

The invention relates to a device for an electrical

Machine, in particular a winding of an electric machine with increased degree of filling. The invention relates generally to rotary electric machines having a plurality of phases and a distributed winding. Rotary field machines are powered by alternating currents, or alternating voltage, which have the same frequency and are shifted by a fixed phase angle to each other. In rotating field machines, a rotating magnetic field is generated by arranging a number of coils corresponding to the number of alternating currents or alternating voltages spatially at fixed angles to one another, these angles corresponding as far as possible to the fixed phase angles of the supplying alternating currents or alternating voltages. The ladder, resp.

Coil windings which can be assigned to one of these coils are then generally referred to as belonging to this phase. In the case of a machine with three phases, one then speaks of a three-phase alternator. In a distributed winding, unlike the concentrated winding, not every tooth pole is individually wound, but coils which comprise a plurality of tooth poles are introduced into the stator slots. Herein, by "Statornut" a groove to be understood, which is provided for filling with a winding with an electrically conductive wire or flat wire and milled in the stator, punched, laser cut, water jet cut, eroded and / or cut or each in a stator is milled, stamped, lasered, water jet cut, eroded and / or cut, in which case a flat wire is to be understood as meaning a wire whose cross section is essentially in a rectangle or square Edges may be at least partially rounded or bevelled. In other words, that a flat wire has a substantially rectangular or square cross section, wherein the edges of the cross section may have at least partially oblique or a rounding. The flat wire may be at least one of

Comprise or be formed from the group of electrically conductive materials, this group comprising: copper, copper alloys, silver, silver alloys, gold,

Gold alloys, aluminum, aluminum alloy or any further electrically conductive or superconducting material. According to the invention, the wire or the flat wire is formed such that a short circuit is prevented at the contact points or surfaces during the winding of the wire or flat wire. That the wire may be at least partially coated with an electrically insulating material and / or electrically insulating material may be arranged between adjoining wire windings. The Köntaktpunkte or surfaces between wire or flat wire and stator are with at least one of the above

electrically insulating materials from each other electrically isolated. The electrically insulating material comprises or is formed from at least one material from the group of electrically insulating materials, this group comprising: surface insulating materials, for example of plastic films such as polyimide, polyester,

Polyetheretherketone, polyamide, polyethylene or others

Thermoplastics or other surface materials such as aramid paper,

Glass cloth or the like, which is also e.g. can be soaked in resin. It is also possible to combine different films with different property profiles in so-called multi-layer insulation systems. This is useful if mechanically resistant layers protect another, electrically highly insulating layer on one or both sides. In addition to the flexible

Insulating materials can also be used preformed insulating materials from the group of ceramics, mica or thermosets. Likewise possible with lower voltage requirements are coatings of the stator, for example by powder coating, but also impregnation with resin or the omission of an additional surface insulation material. The remaining between the stator slots areas are referred to as tooth or Zahnpol. In particular, the invention relates to a stator with at least one winding or a flat wire winding. By means of flat wire windings increased fill levels can be achieved. Herein, an increased degree of filling is understood that by means of the winding or flat wire winding, it is possible that the maximum available volume in the space provided. Grooves in the Statornuten completely or as completely as possible is used. The term "boosted" refers herein to previous conventional solutions, such as windings with a round wire, in other words, by means of a winding or flat wire winding according to the invention, the volume provided for winding or flat wire winding in the stator slots should be completely or almost completely filled or used, in which case no or only a small number

Joints is required.

In conventional solutions is often a comparable

Winding formed by segmenting the stator and "pushes" together after inserting a preformed winding. However, the expense of segmentation and the electromagnetic disadvantage are very high.

WO 2007/146252 A2 discloses a method for achieving a high degree of copper fill with distributed winding, which can be used on a non-segmented stator core. For this purpose, preformed copper rods are inserted with a rectangular cross-section through the grooves of a stator, formed on the opposite side and connected by a joining method, such as welding or crimping, conductive each other. This results in a multi-phase winding with .hohem filling factor. The windings formed by this method have a high number of joints. Joints are characterized by inferior mechanical and electrical properties, as a continuous wire. Enough space is required for the production of the joints. For these reasons, this type of winding makes sense only if a small number of turns and large wire cross sections are used. However, large wire cross-sections in the radial groove direction lead to additional

Current displacement effects and eddy currents in the conductors and thereby higher losses at high electrical frequencies. In addition, the machine design is limited by the low number of turns.

EP 1 255 344 A1 discloses a method according to which a prefabricated winding of flat wires is introduced into a segmented stator. The insertion of the winding is only by subsequent or simultaneous joining the

Stator segments possible. The joint of the stator segments can be performed by way of example by a dovetail joint. The joining of segmented stator lamination leads to an additional air gap in the joint and often also to unwanted electrical connections between different metal layers of the laminated cores, caused for example by a slight axial misalignment or degree of joining. Additional air gaps lead to an increased magnetization current demand of the electrical steel sheet and electrical connections between the sheet metal layers to additional eddy currents.

According to CA 2539592 AI a method for inserting prefabricated coils of flat wire into the open slots of a stator core is disclosed. Current displacement effects and eddy current losses in the flat conductors are minimized by the flat wires of the sinks are designed with their broader side to each other. In order to use the coils through the slot slot, the slot slot must be larger than the width of the coil, that is wider than the wider edge length of the flat wire cross section. The large utility slot severely restricts the machine design, leading to a

reduced torque and permanent magnet synchronous machines to higher rotor losses. In order not to have to deform the coils during assembly, corresponding recesses are provided in the groove, which lead to a reduced degree of copper filling. WO 2004/055 957 A1 discloses to embed a winding head in a thermally conductive material in order to achieve a good cooling connection to the cooled housing of the machine. However, no special shaping of the winding head is considered here.

EP 2 562 917 A1 discloses that the coils are wound in advance and inserted into the stator slots in the axial direction can. The winding head shape is classic, with the difference that the winding head is bent on one side inwards (towards the rotor) to allow insertion into the grooves.

US 2015 0364977 AI discloses a supplement to the Hairpin winding, which is also specified in the disclosure of the invention. In this

Publication proposes a method how to use the

Isolation between the phases of these machines can shape. Around . To connect the coils, these must be joined by welding or crimping. EP 2 782 220 A2 discloses a continuation of EP 2562917 AI. The coils are also made here in advance and pushed axially into the stator. The innovation in this disclosure is that the coils have less winding head length than in EP 2562917 AI and that the winding end sides of the coils form a flat surface. These are also the claims of the publication.

The invention has for its object to provide a device which t winding a winding or Flachdra and a stator lamination of an electric machine or rotary electric machine or an electric motor, which makes it possible to achieve an increased degree of filling in the stator, with no or only a

small number of joints should be required for this.

This object is achieved with the device according to the features of the independent claim 1. Related to this

Subclaims give advantageous embodiments or

Embodiments again. Advantageous developments, which can be implemented individually or in any combination, are shown in the dependent claims.

Hereinafter, the terms "comprise," "include," or "include," or any grammatical variations thereof, are used in a non-exclusive manner. the

accordingly, these terms may refer to situations in which, in addition to those terms

introduced characteristics, no other features, or situations in which one or more Further features are available. For example, the phrase "A has B", "A includes B" or "A includes B." may refer to the situation in which, apart from B, there is no other element in A (ie, a situation in which A consists exclusively of B), as well as the situation in which, in addition to B, one or more further elements are present in A,

for example, element C, elements C and D or even

more elements. It should also be noted that the terms

"At least one" and "one or more" and grammatical variations of these terms, when used in conjunction with one or more elements or features and intended to express that the element or feature may be single or multiple, typically only once used, for example, at the first introduction of the feature or element. At a nachfol ^¬ constricting re-mention of the feature or element of the corresponding term "at least one" or "one or more" is not generally used, without limitation, the possibility that the feature or element may be one or more times provided.

Furthermore, in the following the terms "preferably", "in particular", "for example (eg.)" Or similar

Terms used in conjunction with optional features without limiting alternative embodiments thereby. So are features, which by these terms

are introduced, optional features, ^" and it is not intended by these features the scope of the

Claims and in particular the independent claims

limit. Thus, as those skilled in the art will recognize, the invention may be practiced using other embodiments. Similarly, features that ^'understood by "in one embodiment" or be introduced "in another embodiment" by, as optional features, without this alternative

Embodiments or the scope of the independent

Claims should be limited. Furthermore, should by These introductory expressions all possibilities to combine the features introduced thereby with other features, whether optional or non-optional features, remain untouched. As used herein, the term "predominantly" means that there must be a range of at least 50% up to and including 100% of the feature.

- "predominantly parallel" herein describes that respectively

adjacent coil turns in a range of

at least 50% up to and including 100% parallel to each other;

"Predominantly adjacent" herein describes that the

Flat wire of two adjacent coil turns at least in a range of 50% up to _. including 100% contiguous;

- "predominantly adjacent to the end face of the respective groove" herein describes that the flat wire winding is at least partially inserted within the grooves such that the first

Coil winding at least in a range of at least 50% up to and including 100% adjacent to the face of the

respective groove runs, and

- "predominantly parallel" describes in a further feature that at least a range of at least 50% up to and including 100% of the flat wire winding runs parallel to the respective top surface.

The terms "winding" and "flat wire winding" are used interchangeably in the present description and the claims.

Under a "winding head" is the part of the winding or

To understand flat wire winding, which runs outside the grooves of the stator or stator lamination.

The terms "stator" and "stator lamination stack" are used interchangeably herein.

The term "device according to the invention" is to be understood here as a device or an embodiment which at least has all the features according to the subject of the first independent claim or under the

Protection area falls. In addition, all are too

To understand devices or embodiments, the

additionally have one or more characteristics of at least one dependent claim or fall within the scope of one or more dependent claims.

In a first embodiment, a device comprises:

at least one segment-free stator, which according to a

axially symmetrical hollow cylinder is formed, wherein the stator has at least one outer and an inner axially symmetric lateral surface, and at both ends of the hollow cylinder, in each case at least one final radially symmetric top surface, wherein the top surfaces face each other, and wherein the top surfaces in each case at least a first and a second radially symmetrical Have area; and wherein the stator has at least two grooves, wherein the grooves in each case in axial or oblique-axial

Direction, extend from a top surface to the opposite top surface through the entire stator, and wherein the grooves from the inner circumferential surface in the radial direction at least partially hineinerstrecken in the stator, and wherein the grooves each have at least two radially extending inside

Have side surfaces and an inner end surfaces; wherein in each case in the first radially symmetrical region grooves are formed and the second radially symmetrical region is free of grooves, and wherein the grooves are tapered in the region of the inner circumferential surface in each case by means of at least one tooth tip; and at least one

Flat wire winding, formed from at least two coil turns by means of at least one flat wire, the coil turns are each free of joints, wherein the coil turns are stacked such that the flat wire of a coil winding in each case predominantly runs parallel to the surface wire of the adjacent coil winding or the adjacent coil turns, and the flat wire is formed by two adjacent coil turns respectively predominantly adjacent to each other; wherein the flat wire winding is at least partially inserted within the grooves such that the first coil turn is predominantly adjacent to the end face of the respective groove; and at least partially a region of the flat wire winding, which extends outside the grooves, along the second radially symmetric region is arranged, and predominantly parallel to j eweiligen cover surface ^' runs. Herein, by the term "obliquely-axially" in connection with grooves of a respective stator formed of a plurality of individual stator laminations, grooves of an embodiment of the device according to the invention are defined or understood to mean not evenly parallel over the entire length of the stator A stator with beveled stator slots is formed in such a way that its stator plates are each slightly rotated about the axis of rotation of the stator relative to one another in the axial direction In other words, the individual stator laminations are each rotated by a predetermined angle in a radial direction about the axis of rotation of the stator, which angle is in a range of more than 0 ° to about 5 °, or preferably in a range of

about 0.0175 ° up to about 5 ° or in particular in one

Range of about 0.00006 ° to about 5 ° or in a range of about 0.6 ° to about 5 °. By rotating the stator laminations to each other as described above, a stator is formed whose grooves extend obliquely axially either along its inner circumferential surface or along its outer circumferential surface. This allows torque ripples and noise excitations, but ^"but also many other effects caused by harmonic opposite stators are reduced with straight grooves and the harmonic content of the induced voltage, for example. The usual

Slanting or axial skewing of the stator is half a slot pitch over the entire stator length Lstator. The slot pitch is the distance between two slots. In a distributed winding, for example, a helix angle Q _op t results over the complete length of the stator according to the formula (1):

_ 360 °

^ Oüt - n (1) with the number of phases or the number of phases m, the number of pole pairs, which indicates the number of pairs of magnetic poles in rotating electrical machines, and the number of pole pairs p and Number of holes of an auxiliary quantity for the description of magnetic fields in electrical machines, which results from the number of grooves N per pole number 2p and phases m, of the respective stator and the angle of rotation γ between the individual sheets of the stator then results, for example. From the formula (2 ):

wherein sieche represents the number of sheets of a stator.

Typical angles over the entire stator length or between the

Sheets are listed in the following table:

where D _B iech represents the thickness of the individual sheets of the stator. In the first line of the above table are typical, for example

Angle Q _op t and γ indicated. For example, a lower range limit for Q _op t and γ disclosed in the 3rd row of the above table are for example are for example in the 2nd row of the table above.. Values for an upper range limit for Q _op t and γ specified.

In a further embodiment, in each case the shape of the grooves is adapted to the flat wire such that in each case two mutually opposite sides of the flat wire are introduced adjacent to the respective two side surfaces of the grooves. In another embodiment, the range is between

Top surface and the region of the wire winding, which runs outside the grooves, at least partially with a thermally conductive

Material filled, and wherein the thermally conductive material comprises at least one material from the group of materials or is formed therefrom, said group comprising: potting compound, for example based on epoxy resin, silicone or polyester, wherein the potting compound for better thermal conductivity additives, such as ceramic powder, typically aluminum oxide or aluminum nitride, but also any other fillers in different forms with higher thermal conductivity than the potting material, eg. B.

Carbon in the form of graphite or nanomaterials. Furthermore, the thermally conductive material may also be selected from the group of

Impregnating or the Flächenisolierwerkstoffe exist.

Compared to the prior art, the invention is based on a winding or flat wire winding with increased filling level, which avoids the aforementioned disadvantages of the prior art. That eg with regard to the o. g. EP 2 562 917 AI, that groove openings towards the rotor must be wider than wide

Flat wire side, while this is just not the case in the disclosure of the invention and the winding head must be bent on one side in the rotor chamber, while in an inventive

Device is not necessary. Again with respect to the o. G. US 2015 0 364 977 AI, the coils are inserted, bent and welded at least once in each turn,. while in a device according to the invention at least two windings are provided without a joint, wherein the in the o.

US 2015 0364977 AI disclosed type of phase separator or isolation is not relevant to a device according to the invention. Regarding the o. G. EP 2 782 220 A2 it should be noted that the groove openings disclosed therein are rotor. must be further than at least one wide flat wire side, while this is just not the case with a device according to the invention. Further, a winding head according to the o. G. EP 2 782 220 A2 be bent on one side into the rotor space, while this. is not necessary in a device according to the invention is. Thus, no device according to the invention falls within the scope of the claims of this

Disclosure, since the surface of all wires in the winding head does not form a flat surface. In particular document referred to previously is to be noted that it is different also because the method of preparation of a fundamental OF INVENTION-to the invention the device, ie the case for wide open ^'groove are filled by means of axial insertion. A winding according to the invention is, for example, characterized in that it consists of flat wire so a conductor material with preferably approximately rectangular cross-section, wherein one edge length has a greater width than the second, the turns lie in the groove majority with the wider flat wire sides and the conductors into the grooves of a stator laminated core not segmented to facilitate wicking

are introduced, said stator laminated core having grooves whose, facing the rotating machine part, slot opening has a smaller width than the wider cross-sectional edge length of the flat wire and the flat wire for at least two coil windings has no joint. The winding is additionally characterized in that in at least one phase individual windings are formed on a winding head such that the flat wire exits axially from a first groove and in the following spatial course along the flat wire initially to its wider

Cross-sectional edge is bent, then bent around its narrower cross-sectional edge, covers part of the way to a second groove, then bent around the narrower cross-sectional edge and after another bend around the wider

Cross-sectional edge enters the second groove. A bend is defined as a change of direction of the wire greater than 45 ° in a section of wire shorter than five times the cross-sectional edge of the wire measured in the center of the profile. An introduction of the winding in the grooves can be done for example by threading.

According to the invention, in one embodiment, additionally

Winding head be formed so that it is thermally connected to a

Jacket cooling can be connected and the defined layer structure allows automated production.

As a further advantage of the invention is stated that the 'automated production of a winding with the cited by the defined layer structure of the winding and the winding head

Characteristics is enabled. The inventive design of the winding heads results in a short axial length of the winding heads.

The good thermal connection of the winding head takes place in that large parts of the winding head are spatially very close to a cooled housing wall enclosing the stator. A good thermally conductive contact, for example, by casting or

Impregnating the winding can be made.

According to the following features are essential

1. winding a rotating electrical machine.

2. winding of flat wire, so wire with approximately rectangular cross-sectional profile.

3. The winding indicates at least two contiguous

Coil turns no joint on.

4. winding introduced in a not, for the sake of simplification

Winding insert, segmented stator lamination stack.

In one embodiment, the stator lamination stack is made of many

Single sheets formed, which are separated by a thin insulating layer of einender. Segmentation is usually referred to when the laminated core is separated into several individual parts by cuts in the axial direction.

In one embodiment, the stator or the laminated stator core has at least two grooves. The slot opening is respectively or at least partially tapered by a tooth tip, so that the flat wire does not fit with its wider profile width. This is to be avoided, for example, that the groove opening is equal to the groove width, then a prefabricated winding can be inserted axially. In the event that the groove on the tooth head does not face the

actual groove width tapers, one degree of freedom in the electromagnetic design of the magnetic circuit is limited. This embodiment is referred to below as a "machine without a pronounced tooth head", while as a "machine with pronounced

Zahnkopf "refers to a machine which just a taper of the groove in the region of the tooth head, as at the slot opening, opposite the having actual groove width. Air has a magnetic permeability that is small compared to iron. In the design of the machine, it is therefore desirable to distribute the tooth passed through a tooth tip over a wide area of the air gap. A machine with a pronounced tooth head thus usually has a higher torque than a machine without pronounced

Tooth head. The absence of a pronounced tooth head usually leads to higher Zahnpulsationsverlusten. Furthermore, in many cases by a pronounced tooth head the

Torque ripple of the machine can be reduced.

The following embodiments of winding head design are

according to the invention comprises:.

In one embodiment, at least one coil turn emerges from a groove in the axial direction. After emerging from the groove, the wire is bendable so that it runs in the radial direction away from the rotating machine part "rotor". In the case of an internal rotor

This is equivalent to "outwards." Radial flux machines are the most widely used machine construction methods In principle, however, the devices or embodiments according to the invention are also applicable to axial flow machines or can be formed as such, wherein The terms "axial" and "radial" must then be interchanged An alternative formulation for this would be, for example, that the rotor extends in a direction perpendicular to the wire path in the groove and perpendicular to the air gap away from the air gap.

In a further embodiment, the wire in the winding head has a further bend, through which it runs in a path which, concentrically (or parallel in the case of a linear machine) to the air gap. With the exception of the bend in the groove outlet, the wire for the course up to the bend at the next groove outlet or groove entry lies predominantly in one plane and is predominantly free of rotation about its profile axis.

By winding the first wound phase, the grooves of the other phases in the axial direction are not obscured. The following features of embodiments according to the invention can have the following advantages:

1. The groove has a rectangular except for the slot opening

Cross-section on. Then it is maximally filled by a wire with a constant cross-section.

2. For better heat dissipation, the space between the winding head and the housing is filled with a good heat-conducting material.

3. The windings in the winding head of a phase in several radial

Layers is guided to make the winding head axially shorter.

4. The last wound phase of the winding scheme becomes

formed differently from the previous windings, thereby achieving a shorter winding head length.

5. Devices can optionally additionally be provided at the axial ends in order to dissipate the lost heat of the last wound phase in the axial direction.

In a further ^' embodiment, the winding of a rotary electric polyphase machine is characterized in that it consists of flat wire, ie a conductor material with approximately rectangular cross-section, wherein one edge length has a greater width than the second, the turns in the groove predominantly with the wider Flat wire sides lie on one another and the conductors are inserted into the grooves of a segmented laminated stator core which is not segmented to simplify the winding insertion, this stator laminated core having grooves whose rotating part

Machine part facing, groove opening has a smaller width than the wider cross-sectional edge length of the flat wire and the flat wire for at least two coil windings has no joint. The winding is additionally, characterized in that in at least one phase individual windings are formed on a winding head such that the flat wire exits axially from a first groove and in the following spatial course along the

Flatwire is first bent around its wider cross-sectional edge, then bent around its narrower cross-sectional edge, travels a part of the way to a second groove, is then bent around the narrower cross-sectional edge and after another bend around the wider cross-sectional edge enters the second groove. A bend is defined as a change of direction of the wire of more than 45 ° in a shorter section of wire measured in the profile center than five times the wider cross-sectional edge of the wire.

In a further embodiment, the space between the winding head and the housing with a heat-conducting for better heat dissipation

Material is filled.

In a further embodiment, the windings in the winding head of a phase in several radial. Layers led to the

Winding head, compared to the execution of the turns in the winding head of a phase with only one radial layer, shorter in the axial direction, that is, with a smaller axial projection of the entire winding head, which protrudes axially beyond the stator to make. This is possible if there is sufficient space for radial layers in the region of the yoke. A first part of the äus the groove exiting coil turns, for example, in ^' a radially only slightly smaller diameter than that

Outer diameter of the stator. This makes it possible for the second part of the coil turns emerging from the groove, a winding head, wherein the coil turns of this second group are also in the axial direction parallel to each other, but radially in a range which between the first group of coil turns and the inner diameter of the stator lies.

In a further embodiment, the respectively last-wound phase deviates from the winding diagram according to claim 1 in such a way that the winding in the area of the winding head takes a more direct route from the exiting to the re-entering groove

Winding head, compared to the previously wound phases, both shorter in the axial direction, that is, with a, lower axial projection of the entire winding head, which protrudes axially beyond the stator, as well as shorter with respect to the path length of the

Wire, which this after leaving a first groove until it enters a second groove outside the stator returns, thereby reducing ohmic losses in the wire. shape. This is possible because in the last wound phase no grooves of a still to be wound phase in the axial direction must be kept free for later winding. A short one

Winding head results, for example, when the windings are formed in an arcuate course from the exiting to the incoming groove and thereby have only small bends in the radial direction.

In a further embodiment, at least one device is optionally additionally provided at the axial ends in order to prevent the

Dissipate heat loss of the last wound phase in the axial direction.

In a further embodiment, the winding is characterized

characterized in that in at least one phase individual windings are formed at both end windings such that the flat wire exits axially from a first groove and in the following spatial course along the flat wire initially to his, the rotating

The machine part facing away from, wide cross-sectional edge is bent, is bent around its narrower cross-sectional edge, covers part of the way to a second groove, then bent to the narrower cross-sectional edge and after another bend around the wider cross-sectional edge in the second groove

entry. A bend is defined as a change of direction of the wire greater than 45 ° in a section of wire shorter than five times the cross-sectional edge of the wire measured in the center of the profile.

Further details and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of a preferred

Embodiment, in particular in conjunction with the dependent claims. In this case, the respective features can be implemented on their own or in combination with one another. The invention is not on. the embodiments limited.

The embodiments are shown schematically in the following figures. Here, like reference numerals in the Figures the same or functionally identical elements or with respect to their functions corresponding elements.

By way of illustration and not limitation, other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the description of the accompanying drawings. Show:

Fig. 1 is a schematic oblique view of an embodiment of a device according to the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic radial cross-sectional view according to FIG. 1 ; Fig. 3 is an enlarged section of the schematic

Cross-sectional view according to FIG. 2;

Fig. 4 is a schematic axial cross-sectional view of a

Embodiment of a device according to the invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic axial cross-sectional view of a

Embodiment of a device according to the invention;

6 shows a schematic oblique view of an embodiment of a device according to the invention;

7 is a schematic radial cross-sectional view of FIG. 6; Fig. 8 is an enlarged detail of the schematic

Cross-sectional view according to FIG. 7,

and

Fig. 9 form two schematic side views of execution

inventive devices.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic oblique view of a

From the embodiment of a device 100 according to the invention

Device 100 has at least one segment-free stator or stator laminated core 110. The stator 110 is according to a

formed axially symmetrical hollow cylinder. The stator 110 has at least one outer axially symmetrical lateral surface 150 and an inner axially symmetrical lateral surface 160, and at both ends of the hollow cylinder, in each case at least one final one

radially symmetrical top surface 120, wherein these top surfaces are opposite and they each at least a first

radially symmetric region 170 and a second

have radially symmetric region 180. The stator 110 has at least two grooves 130. The grooves 130 each extend in an axial or oblique-axial direction from one cover surface 120 to the opposite cover surface (not visible) through the entire stator 110. The grooves 130 extend from the inner circumferential surface 160 in the radial direction at least partially hineinerstrecken in the stator 110. The grooves 130 each have at least two radially extending inner side surfaces and an inner end surfaces. In the stator 110, grooves 130 are formed in each case in the first radially symmetrical region 170, and the second radially symmetrical region 180 is free of grooves 130

Grooves 130 in the region of the inner circumferential surface 160 according to the

Embodiment 100 are each tapered by means of at least one tooth tip. The device 100 further comprises at least one

Flat wire winding 140, wherein a part of

Flat wire winding 140, which is disposed outside of the grooves 130, herein referred to as the winding head 190. Thus, in this embodiment, the device has, for example, two winding heads 190, wherein in each case the winding head 190 on each side of the stator 110 with a phase 195 or windings or

Flat wire windings 140 is formed, wherein a device according to the invention on more than two end windings 190 and more than one phase 195. To simplify the illustration and to illustrate the principle, in this case only a phase 195 was shown. The flat wire winding 140 is formed in each case from at least two coil turns by means of at least one flat wire. The coil turns are each free of joints. The Coil windings are stacked one above the other in such a way that the flat wire of one coil turn runs in each case predominantly parallel to the flat wire of the adjacent coil turn or the adjacent coil windings and of two adjacent ones

Coil windings are each formed predominantly adjacent to each other. The flat wire winding 140 is at least partially inserted within the grooves 130 in such a way that the first coil turn runs predominantly adjacent to the end face of the respective groove 130. At least partially an area of

Flat wire winding 140, which extends outside of the grooves 130, along the second radially symmetric region 180 is disposed, and predominantly parallel to the respective top surface 120 and the second radially symmetrical region 180 of the respective

Deck surface 120 runs. The stator lamination 110 in its

Grooves 130, the winding 140 of the first phase, with in this case by way of example ten turn inserted. The first phase winding 140 in this case comprises six coils. The second phase can be wound analogously to the first phase, only around the

twisted corresponding angle and outstanding axially over the first phase. For the winding heads of the last phase, it is permissible that they cover all grooves from an axial point of view. From the axial point of view, grooves no longer have to be kept free for winding with another phase. Ideally, this circumstance is used to obtain the shortest possible winding heads and to obtain an axially flush termination of this winding, which by means of a thermally conductive material. can be connected axially to another component. Thus, the device 100 is formed such that a rotor can be disposed within the device 100. FIG. 2 shows a schematic radial cross-sectional view 200 through the device 100 according to FIG. 1. Here are the ones in the

Grooves 130 extending, stacked Spulenwihdungen 220 of the flat wire 210 shown schematically. The

Flat wire windings 140 fill, according to their adapted to the grooves 130 cross-section, the designated volume in grooves 130 completely or almost completely. In the region of the openings in the interior of the stator 110, ie in the region of the inner The lateral surface 160, two tooth heads 230 are here each example arranged on both sides of the grooves 130, wherein optionally only one tooth tip 230 may be disposed on one side of the opening of the grooves 130. The respective one tooth head 230 and the two tooth heads 230 respectively delimit the volume within the grooves 130 for the,

Flat wire windings 140 and prevent slippage of the flat wire windings from the grooves 130 in the inner region of the stator 110. In other words, FIG. FIG. 2 shows a section through the stator lamination stack 110 "in the axial direction. Herein are schematically the laminated stator core 110 has grooves 110 into which the conductors or the electrically conductive flat wire 210 of the

Winding 140 are inserted. The slot opening to the rotating

Machine part is also referred to as slot slot.

FIG. 3 shows an enlarged section 300 of the schematic cross-sectional view of the device 100 according to FIG. 2. In particular, in Fig. 3, the inner end face 330 of the grooves 130 are shown, along which each of the first flat wire 210, which extends within a groove 130, the first coil turn 220 of a winding 140 is predominantly adjacent. It is also shown in FIG. 3 that adjacent coil turns 220 of the winding 140 run predominantly parallel to each other. In addition, the two radially extending inner side surfaces 310 and 320 are shown. Likewise, this enlarged section 300 shows that the shape of the grooves 130 are adapted to the cross section of the flatwire 210 such that it has the available

Volume fills completely. In addition, the

exemplary embodiment of two .Zahnköpfen 230 shown in the region of the inner circumferential surface of the stator 110.

FIG. 4 shows a schematic axial cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a device 400 according to the invention. FIG. 4 shows the axial section from the side through the stator 110, consisting of stator lamination packet 110, a housing 410 and

Winding 140. In the housing 410 cooling channels 420 are introduced. Cooling channels lead a cooling medium. About the surfaces in contact with the cooling medium there is a heat exchange.

In Fig. 4, three phases are exemplified. To produce the winding 140, a disk 430, which may be the same Groove geometry as the stator has, made of insulating material between stator lamination 110 and the winding heads 190 of the

Winding 140 or between different phases 195 may be arranged, wherein the insulating material comprises at least one material from the group of insulating materials and wherein the group comprises: kraft paper, Pertinax, multi-layer insulation, ceramic or plastic. The last or most recently wound or

Wound phase 440 can be wound in a simplified manner to shorten the length of the winding head 190. In principle, the last wound phase 440 also forms a region where heat can be dissipated axially. For the winding heads of the last phase, it is permissible that they cover all grooves from an axial point of view. From the axial point of view, grooves no longer have to be kept free for winding with another phase. Ideally, this circumstance is used to obtain the shortest possible winding heads and to obtain an axially flush termination of this winding, which can be connected by means of a thermally conductive material axially to another component.

FIG. 5 shows the detailed detail 500 of the device 400

according to FIG. 3 of the winding head 190. The distance between winding 140 and housing 410 is small, ideally in the range of 0.01 mm to 1 mm. , whereby heat loss can be dissipated by a heat conductive material 510, wherein the heat conductive material 510

at least one of the group of thermally conductive materials, the group comprising: potting resins for example

Epoxy-based or silicone-based, impregnating resins and all

Thermosets. For a higher thermal conductivity, the

Materials with additional particles, fibers or general

Fillers are filled. An example of this is the filling with alumina ceramic powder.

Fig. 6 shows a schematic oblique view of a

Embodiment of a device 600 according to the invention

Device 600 has at least one segment-free stator or stator laminated core 110. The stator 110 is according to a

formed axially symmetrical hollow cylinder. The stator 110 has at least one outer axially symmetrical lateral surface 150 and an inner axially symmetrical lateral surface 160, as well as at both ends of the hollow cylinder, each at least one final

radially symmetric top surface 120 (where only one of the two

Cover surfaces in Fig. 6 is shown), wherein these .Deckflächen are opposite and they each at least a first

radially symmetric region 170 and a second

have radially symmetric region 180. The stator 110 has at least two grooves 130. The grooves 130 each extend in an axial or oblique-axial direction from one cover surface 120 to the opposite cover surface (not visible) through the entire stator 110. The grooves 130 extend at least partially into the stator 110 from the outer lateral surface 150 in the radial direction. The grooves 130 each have at least two radially extending inner side surfaces and a

internal faces on. In the stator 110, grooves 130 are formed in each case in the first radially symmetrical region 170, and the second radially symmetrical region 180 is free of grooves 130

Grooves 130 in the region of the outer circumferential surface 150 according to the

Embodiment 600 are each tapered by means of at least one tooth tip. The device 600 further comprises at least one

Flat wire winding 140, wherein a part of

Flat wire winding 140, which is disposed outside of the grooves 130, herein referred to as the winding head 190. The device thus has, for example, two winding heads 190 in this disclosed embodiment, with the winding head 190 on each side of the stator 110 of a phase 195 consisting of six coils being shown here by way of example.

Windings or flat wire windings 140 is formed, wherein a device according to the invention can also have more than two winding heads or more than six or less than six coils or windings or flat wire windings. The flat wire winding 140 is formed in each case from at least two coil turns by means of at least one flat wire. The coil turns are each free of joints. The coil turns are stacked one above the other such that the flat wire of a coil turn respectively

runs predominantly parallel to the flat wire of the adjacent coil winding or the adjacent coil turns and he of two adjacent coil turns in each case predominantly to each other

is formed adjacent. The flat wire winding 140 is at least partially inserted within the grooves 130 such that the first Coil winding predominantly adjacent to the end face of the respective groove 130 extends. Wherein at least partially a portion of the flat wire winding 140, which outside of the grooves 130th

is disposed along the second radially symmetric region 180, and predominantly parallel to the respective

Deck surface 120 and the second radially symmetrical region 180 of the respective top surface 120 extends. The stator lamination stack 110 in whose slots 130 the winding 140 of the first phase, with in this case by way of example ten turns, is inserted, likewise fewer or more than ten turns being possible. The first phase winding 140 in this case comprises six coils. The second phase can be wound analogously to the first phase, only around the

twisted corresponding angle and outstanding axially over the first phase. For the winding heads of the last phase, it is permissible that they cover all grooves from an axial point of view. From the axial point of view, grooves no longer have to be kept free for winding with another phase. In particular, this circumstance is used to obtain the shortest possible winding heads and to obtain an axially flush termination of this winding, which can be connected by means of a thermally conductive material axially to another component. Thus, the device 600 is formed such that a rotor can be disposed outside the device 600.

FIG. 7 shows a schematic radial cross-sectional view 600 through the device 600 according to FIG. 6. Here are the ones in the

Grooves 130 extending, stacked coil turns 220 of the flat wire 210 shown schematically. The

Flat wire windings 140 fill, according to their adapted to the grooves 130 cross-section, the designated volume in grooves 130 completely or almost completely. In the region of the openings in the interior of the stator 110, i. in the area of the inner

The lateral surface 160, two tooth heads 230 are here each example arranged on both sides of the grooves 130, wherein optionally only one tooth tip 230 may be disposed on one side of the opening of the grooves 130. The one tooth head 230 and the two tooth heads 230 each delimit the volume within the grooves 130 for the

Flat wire windings 140 and prevent slipping out of Flat wire windings from the grooves 130 in the inner region of the stator 110. In other words, Fig. 7 shows a section through the stator lamination stack 110 in the axial direction. Herein are schematically the laminated stator core 110 has grooves 110 into which the conductors or the electrically conductive flat wire 210 of the

Winding 140 are inserted. The slot opening to the rotating

Machine part is also referred to as slot slot.

Fig. 8 shows an enlarged detail 800 of the schematic cross-sectional view of the device 600 according to FIG. 7. In particular, in Fig. 8, the inner end face 330 of the grooves 130 are shown, along which each of the first flat wire 210, which extends within a groove 130, the first coil turn 220 of a winding 140 is predominantly adjacent. It is also shown in FIG. 8 that adjacent coil turns 220 of the winding 140 run predominantly parallel to one another. In addition, the two radially extending inner side surfaces 310 and 320 are shown. Likewise, this enlarged section 800 shows that the shape of the grooves 130 are adapted to the cross section of the flat wire 210 such that it has the available

Volume fills completely. In addition, the

exemplary embodiment of two tooth heads 230 in the region of the inner circumferential surface of the stator 110 shown.

Fig. 9 shows two schematic side views of two

exemplary embodiments of two inventive

Devices 900 and 1000. Here, due to the visibility to the viewer and without limiting the generality in the device 900 and the device 1000 stators 110, formed by means of at least two or more than two stator plates whose. Grooves 130 are formed on the outer surface 150 of the stators 110 and extend into the stators and extend completely axially along the axis of rotation of the stators 110. However, the grooves 130 of the device 900 and 1000 may also each on the inner circumferential surface 160 according to any of the above-described devices 100 to 500. In this case, device 900 has grooves 130 which extend parallel and straight as well as completely axially along the axis of rotation of the stators 110. Whereas the

Device 1000 grooves 130 which are completely inclined axially along the axis of rotation of the stators 110 extend. As described above, the term "obliquely-axially" in connection with grooves 130 of a respective stator 110, which is formed from a plurality of individual stator laminations, so that a

Stator laminated core 110 is formed, an inventive

Embodiment of the device 1000 grooves 130 defined or is to be understood by which does not extend over the entire length of the stator 110th and stator lamination uniformly parallel to the axis of rotation of the stator 110, but parallel to each other and rotated along the axis of rotation. A stator 110 with bevelled

Stator slots 130 is formed such that its

Statorbleche each in the axial direction slightly around the

Rotation axis of the stator 110 are rotated relative to each other. Ie. in other words, the individual stator laminations are mutually spaced by a predetermined angle in a radial direction

Rotated rotation axis of the stator, said angle is in a range of more than 0 ° up to about 5 ° or preferably in a range of about 0.008 ° to about 5 ° or

in particular in a range of about 0.00003 ° up to

about 5 ° or in a range of about 0.3 ° to about 5 °. The angles can also be expressed by means of the formula (1). and / or the formula (2) which are described above.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

100 device

110 stator or stator laminated core

120 A top surface of the stator 110

130 groove (s)

140 winding or flat wire winding

150 Outer lateral surface of the stator 110

160 Inner surface of the stator 110

170 First radially symmetric area

180 Second radially symmetric region

190 winding head

195 coils of one phase

200 Schematic cross-section of the device 100

210 wire or flat wire

220 coil turn

230 tooth head

300 Enlarged cross-sectional view of the device 100

310 First inner side surfaces of a groove 130

320 Second inner side surfaces of a groove 130

330 Inner faces of a groove _. 130

400 device

410 housing

420 cooling channel

430 disc

440 Winding head of the last wound phase

500 Enlarged section of the device 400

510 Thermally conductive material

600 device

670 First radially symmetric area

680 Second radially symmetric area

700 Schematic cross section of the device 600

800 Enlarged cross-sectional view of the device 600

900 side view of a stator 110 with axial grooves

1000 side view of a stator 110 with oblique-axial grooves

Claims

Claims: Device (100, 600) comprising: a. at least one segment-free stator (110), which is formed according to an axisymmetric hollow cylinder, i. wherein the stator (110) has at least one outer and one inner axially symmetric lateral surface (150, 160), and at both ends of the hollow cylinder, in each case at least one final radially symmetrical cover surface (120),

1. wherein the top surfaces (120) are opposite, and

2. wherein the cover surfaces (120) each at least

a first and a second

radially symmetric region (170, 670, 180, 680) have; and ii. wherein the stator (110) has at least two grooves (130),

1. wherein the grooves (130) each in the axial

or obliquely-axial direction of one

Deck surface (120) to the opposite

Cover surface extend through the entire stator (110),

2. wherein the grooves (130) from the inner

Extend lateral surface (160) in the radial direction at least partially into the stator (110), or

3. wherein the grooves (130) from the outer

Extend lateral surface (150) in the radial direction at least partially into the stator (110), and

4. wherein the grooves (130) each have at least two radially extending inside

Side surfaces (310, 320) and an inner end surfaces (330) have; iii. in each case in the first radially symmetric

Groove (130, 670) grooves (130) are formed and the second radially symmetric region (180, 680) is free of grooves (130), and iv. wherein the grooves (130) in the region of the inner

Lateral surface (160) in each case by means of at least one

Tooth head (230) are tapered; and b. at least one flat wire winding (140) formed from

at least two coil windings (220) by means of at least one flat wire (210), i. wherein the coil turns (220) each free of

Joints are, ii. wherein the coil turns (220) are stacked one above another such that

1. The flat wire (210) of one coil turn (220) runs predominantly parallel to the flat wire (210) of the adjacent coil turn (220) or the adjacent coil turns (220), and the flat wire (210) of two adjacent ones

Coil turns (220) are each formed predominantly adjacent to each other; iii. wherein the flat wire winding (140) at least

partially inserted within the grooves (130) such that the first coil turn (220) extends predominantly adjacent the end face (330) of the respective groove (130); and iv. being at least partially an area of

Flat wire winding (140), which outside the

Grooves (130) runs,

1. along the second radially symmetric

Area (180) is arranged, and

2. mostly parallel to each

Deck surface (120) extends.

2. Device (100, 600) according to claim 1, wherein in each case the shape of the grooves (130) in such a manner to the

Flat wire (210) is adapted to be two each

opposite sides of the flat wire (210) to the

respective two side surfaces (310, 320) of the grooves (130) are inserted adjacent.

3. Device (100, 600) according to one of the preceding

Claims 1 or 2, a. the area between the top surface (120) and the

A portion of the flatwire winding (140) extending outside of the grooves (130) is at least partially filled with a thermally conductive material (510), and wherein the thermally conductive material (510) comprises or is formed from at least one material from the group of materials wherein the group comprises: potting resins; Epoxy resin-based or silicone-based potting resins, impregnating resins and / or thermosets, wherein the materials are optionally filled with additional particles, fibers, or generally fillers.