WO2016075355A1 - Turbine for harnessing sea wave energy - Google Patents

Turbine for harnessing sea wave energy Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016075355A1
WO2016075355A1 PCT/ES2015/070817 ES2015070817W WO2016075355A1 WO 2016075355 A1 WO2016075355 A1 WO 2016075355A1 ES 2015070817 W ES2015070817 W ES 2015070817W WO 2016075355 A1 WO2016075355 A1 WO 2016075355A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
turbine
blades
chambers
turbine according
rotor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2015/070817
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Rafael APARICIO SÁNCHEZ
Original Assignee
Aparicio Sánchez Rafael
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Publication date
Application filed by Aparicio Sánchez Rafael filed Critical Aparicio Sánchez Rafael
Publication of WO2016075355A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016075355A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/12—Blades; Blade-carrying rotors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/16—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
    • F03B13/18—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/22—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the flow of water resulting from wave movements to drive a motor or turbine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
    • F03B17/06—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head"
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a turbine for harnessing the energy of sea waves, especially designed to work fully submerged and obtain the energy of all waves that travel in approximately the same direction, but in a different sense, also keeping the turbine always the same direction of rotation whatever the direction in which the waves hit the turbine.
  • Turbines and energy collectors in general from sea waves are usually based on the conversion of the reciprocating movements, produced by the waves, in a circular motion.
  • the present invention aims at a turbine designed for the use of the energy of sea waves, which maintains a constant direction of rotation, whatever the direction in which the waves affect.
  • the turbine of the invention is specially designed for operation in a submerged position and has totally different geometries to the Wells and Darrieus turbines, mentioned above.
  • the turbine of the invention is constituted so as to take advantage of the energy of sea waves without reciprocating movements.
  • the turbine of the invention is of the type comprising a housing in which a rotor is mounted which is a carrier of a series of blades, on which the waves impact, directed towards said blades by the turbine housing.
  • the housing is constituted by two symmetrical chambers, in the form of truncated funnels, which are open by both bases and are arranged together in a coaxial position, and faced by the smaller bases.
  • the blades consist of bodies with a generally tapered shape, which start from a central axis with a spiral trajectory and a decreasing section, whose bodies are limited by an external cylindrical surface, with a spiral guideline, and by two opposite ramp surfaces. , which converge progressively with each other from the cylindrical outer surface to form an internal edge that runs radially from the central axis.
  • the rotor will include at least two blades and preferably three, angularly equidistant from each other.
  • the cylindrical outer surface of the blades can be of straight or curved generatrix.
  • the rotor with the constitution mentioned is mounted between the smaller bases of the two chambers of the housing, in coaxial position with them.
  • the turbine with the described constitution is mounted in the sea, preferably in a submerged position, so that the waves that move in a certain direction hit the turbine, preferably in a direction parallel to the rotor axis.
  • the chamber of the housing that receives the waves directs them towards one of the symmetrical surfaces of the blades, while when the waves strike in the opposite direction, it will be the opposite chamber of the housing the one that receives the waves and directs them to the opposite surface of the blades.
  • the turbine takes advantage of the action of the waves, whatever the direction in which it moves.
  • the cameras adopt a hyperbolic cone shape, faced by their smaller base and serve as a means to direct and concentrate the waves towards the rotor. It is possible to increase the impact of the waves on the rotor.
  • the blades will preferably adopt a logarithmic spiral shape.
  • the cameras can be provided with an external screen arranged around the minor base and can reach the main base, in a truncated shape, for example in the form of an ovoid, the two screens being arranged in a divergent and symmetrical position. .
  • These screens serve as a means to direct the waves that impact the rotor towards the outside of the turbine.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective of a turbine constituted according to the invention.
  • FIG. 3 shows the turbine in section, according to the cut line lll-lll of figure 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective of the turbine rotor of the invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a partial section of the turbine, taken along the line V-V of Figure 3.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of the path of the water flows of the waves through the turbine.
  • the turbine of the invention comprises a housing which is composed of two coaxial chambers (1 and 2), symmetrical with each other, in the form of funnels open by their two bases (3 and 4) and faced by their minor bases (3).
  • These chambers are of conical surface, of curved-convex generatrix, for example with a hyperboloid-shaped surface.
  • the rotor (5) of the turbine which, as can be seen in Figure 4, is constituted by a series of blades (6), three in the example shown, starting from a central axis (7).
  • Each blade (6) consists of a generally tapered body, of approximately triangular section, having a spiral path from the axis (7) and is limited by a cylindrical outer surface (8), of spiral guideline, and by two opposite surfaces (9 and 10) in ramp, symmetrical with each other, which converge from the cylindrical outer surface (8) to its intersection in an edge (1 1), which runs radially with respect to the axis (7).
  • the edges (1 1) will preferably be rounded.
  • the cylindrical outer surface (8) can be of straight or curved generatrix.
  • the rotor (5) is mounted between the smaller bases (3) of the chambers (1 and 2), for example by means of supports composed of an outer ring (12), which is fixed in the outline of the smaller base (3) of the chambers (1 and 2), and by an inner ring (13), the outer (12) and inner rings (13) being interconnected by means of radial arms (14).
  • the corresponding end of the rotor shaft (7) is mounted, for example, by means of a bearing or bearing on the inner ring (13). Other forms of assembly can be used.
  • the cameras (1 and 2), figures 1 to 3, are provided with an external screen (15-16), arranged around the smaller base, which has a conical shape.
  • the two screens (15 and 16) are symmetrical with each other and are arranged in a divergent position, being able to take the form of an ovoid.
  • the intersection between the surfaces of the chambers (1-2) and the external screens (15-16) could be rounded, thus giving continuity and / or tangency between one and other surfaces.
  • These screens serve as a means to drive the waves out of the turbine, after acting on the blade and avoiding return flows in the non-acting symmetrical part.
  • the surfaces (9 and 10) of the blades (6) will be called impact surfaces, as they are the surfaces on which the waves impact and impact.
  • the rotor (5) is mounted between the smaller bases of chambers 1 and 2, in coaxial position therewith.
  • the turbine will be in position submerged, with the shaft (7) of the rotor (5) in position approximately parallel to the direction in which the waves move.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a turbine comprising a casing formed by two chambers (1 and 2) in the form of funnels, said chambers being open at the ends (3 and 4) thereof and arranged coaxially with the smaller bases facing each other. A rotor (5) comprising tapered blades (6) that spiral from a central shaft (7) is installed between the chambers, the blades being defined by an external cylindrical surface (8) having a spiral directrix and by two convergent impact surfaces (9 and 10) that intersect at an edge (11) which extends radially to the shaft (7).

Description

TURBINA PARA APROVECHAMIENTO DE LA ENERGÍA DE LAS OLAS DEL MAR  TURBINE FOR USE OF THE ENERGY OF LAS OLAS DEL MAR
Campo de la invención La presente invención se refiere a una turbina para aprovechamiento de la energía de las olas del mar, especialmente concebido para trabajar totalmente sumergida y obtener la energía de todas las olas que se desplazan en dirección aproximadamente igual, pero en diferente sentido, manteniendo además siempre la turbina el mismo sentido de giro cualquiera que sea el sentido en el que incidan las olas sobre la turbina. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a turbine for harnessing the energy of sea waves, especially designed to work fully submerged and obtain the energy of all waves that travel in approximately the same direction, but in a different sense, also keeping the turbine always the same direction of rotation whatever the direction in which the waves hit the turbine.
Antecedentes de la invención Background of the invention
La mayoría de los esfuerzos realizados hasta ahora para aprovechar la energía de las olas del mar se basan en traducir los movimientos de vaivén en movimientos rotatorios, casi siempre por medio de mecanismos que mantienen un eje perpendicular al del movimiento del flujo del fluido o apoyándose sobre la superficie de las olas, logrando energía del cambio de altura por diversos efectos, como por ejemplo el efecto Arquímedes. Como excepción de turbinas de flujo axial pueden citarse las turbinas Wells, que funcionan en ambos sentidos, si bien estas turbinas operan en aire, no sumergidas. En el mismo sentido pueden citarse también las turbinas Darrieus. Most of the efforts made so far to harness the energy of sea waves are based on translating the reciprocating movements into rotary movements, almost always by means of mechanisms that maintain an axis perpendicular to the movement of the fluid flow or resting on the surface of the waves, achieving energy from the height change by various effects, such as the Archimedes effect. As an exception to axial flow turbines, Wells turbines, which work both ways, are mentioned, although these turbines operate in air, not submerged. In the same sense, Darrieus turbines can also be mentioned.
Las turbinas y captadores en general de energía de las olas del mar suelen estar basadas en la conversión de los movimientos de vaivén, producidos por las olas, en un movimiento circular. Turbines and energy collectors in general from sea waves are usually based on the conversion of the reciprocating movements, produced by the waves, in a circular motion.
Descripción de la invención Description of the invention
La presente invención tiene por objeto una turbina concebida para el aprovechamiento de la energía de las olas del mar, que mantiene un sentido de giro constante, cualquiera que sea el sentido en el que inciden las olas. The present invention aims at a turbine designed for the use of the energy of sea waves, which maintains a constant direction of rotation, whatever the direction in which the waves affect.
La turbina de la invención está especialmente concebida para su funcionamiento en posición sumergida y presenta unas geometrías totalmente diferentes a las turbinas Wells y Darrieus, antes citadas. Por otro lado, la turbina de la invención está constituida de modo que aproveche la energía de las olas del mar sin movimientos de vaivén. La turbina de la invención es del tipo que comprende una carcasa en la que va montado un rotor que es portador de una serie de álabes, sobre los que impactan las olas, dirigidas hacia dichos álabes por la carcasa de la turbina. The turbine of the invention is specially designed for operation in a submerged position and has totally different geometries to the Wells and Darrieus turbines, mentioned above. On the other hand, the turbine of the invention is constituted so as to take advantage of the energy of sea waves without reciprocating movements. The turbine of the invention is of the type comprising a housing in which a rotor is mounted which is a carrier of a series of blades, on which the waves impact, directed towards said blades by the turbine housing.
De acuerdo con la invención, la carcasa está constituida por dos cámaras simétricas, en forma de embudos troncoconicos, que van abiertas por ambas bases y están dispuestas entre sí en posición coaxial, y enfrentadas por las bases menores. According to the invention, the housing is constituted by two symmetrical chambers, in the form of truncated funnels, which are open by both bases and are arranged together in a coaxial position, and faced by the smaller bases.
Por su parte, los álabes consisten en cuerpos de forma general ahusada, que parten de un eje central con trayectoria en espiral y sección decreciente, cuyos cuerpos están limitados por una superficie externa cilindrica, de directriz en espiral, y por dos superficies opuestas en rampa, que convergen progresivamente entre sí desde la superficie externa cilindrica hasta conformar una arista interna que discurre en dirección radial desde el eje central. El rotor incluirá al menos dos álabes y preferentemente tres, angularmente equidistantes entre sí. La superficie externa cilindrica de los álabes puede ser de generatriz recta o curva. On the other hand, the blades consist of bodies with a generally tapered shape, which start from a central axis with a spiral trajectory and a decreasing section, whose bodies are limited by an external cylindrical surface, with a spiral guideline, and by two opposite ramp surfaces. , which converge progressively with each other from the cylindrical outer surface to form an internal edge that runs radially from the central axis. The rotor will include at least two blades and preferably three, angularly equidistant from each other. The cylindrical outer surface of the blades can be of straight or curved generatrix.
El rotor con la constitución comentada va montado entre las bases menores de las dos cámaras de la carcasa, en posición coaxial con las mismas. The rotor with the constitution mentioned is mounted between the smaller bases of the two chambers of the housing, in coaxial position with them.
La turbina con la constitución descrita se monta en el mar, preferentemente en posición sumergida, de modo que las olas que se mueven en una determinada dirección incidan sobre la turbina, preferentemente en dirección paralela al eje del rotor. Cuando las olas inciden sobre la turbina en un determinado sentido, la cámara de la carcasa que recibe las olas las dirige hacia una de las superficies simétricas de los álabes, mientras que cuando las olas inciden en sentido contrario, será la cámara opuesta de la carcasa la que reciba las olas y las dirija hacia la superficie opuesta de los álabes. The turbine with the described constitution is mounted in the sea, preferably in a submerged position, so that the waves that move in a certain direction hit the turbine, preferably in a direction parallel to the rotor axis. When the waves hit the turbine in a certain direction, the chamber of the housing that receives the waves directs them towards one of the symmetrical surfaces of the blades, while when the waves strike in the opposite direction, it will be the opposite chamber of the housing the one that receives the waves and directs them to the opposite surface of the blades.
De este modo, la turbina aprovecha la acción de las olas, cualquiera que sea el sentido en el que se desplace. Según una forma preferida de ejecución, las cámaras adoptan forma de cono hiperbólico, enfrentadas por su base menor y sirven como medio para dirigir y concentrar las olas hacia el rotor. Se consigue incrementar el impacto de las olas sobre el rotor. Por su parte los álabes adoptarán preferentemente forma de espiral logarítmica. In this way, the turbine takes advantage of the action of the waves, whatever the direction in which it moves. According to a preferred embodiment, the cameras adopt a hyperbolic cone shape, faced by their smaller base and serve as a means to direct and concentrate the waves towards the rotor. It is possible to increase the impact of the waves on the rotor. For their part, the blades will preferably adopt a logarithmic spiral shape.
De acuerdo con la invención las cámaras pueden estar dotadas de una pantalla externa dispuesta alrededor de la base menor pudiendo alcanzar hasta la base mayor, de forma troncocónica, por ejemplo en forma de ovoide, estando las dos pantallas dispuestas entre sí en posición divergente y simétrica. Estas pantallas sirven como medio para dirigir las olas que inciden en el rotor hacia el exterior de la turbina. In accordance with the invention, the cameras can be provided with an external screen arranged around the minor base and can reach the main base, in a truncated shape, for example in the form of an ovoid, the two screens being arranged in a divergent and symmetrical position. . These screens serve as a means to direct the waves that impact the rotor towards the outside of the turbine.
Breve descripción de los dibujos Brief description of the drawings
En los dibujos adjuntos se muestra una posible forma de realización de una turbina, constituida de acuerdo con la invención y dada a título de ejemplo no limitativo. En los dibujos: The attached drawings show a possible embodiment of a turbine, constituted according to the invention and given by way of non-limiting example. In the drawings:
- La figura 1 es una perspectiva de una turbina constituida de acuerdo con la invención. - Figure 1 is a perspective of a turbine constituted according to the invention.
- La figura 2 muestra en alzado frontal la misma turbina.  - Figure 2 shows in front elevation the same turbine.
- La figura 3 muestra la turbina en sección, según la línea de corte lll-lll de la figura 2. - Figure 3 shows the turbine in section, according to the cut line lll-lll of figure 2.
- La figura 4 es una perspectiva del rotor de la turbina de la invención. - Figure 4 is a perspective of the turbine rotor of the invention.
- La figura 5 es una sección parcial de la turbina, tomada según la línea de corte V-V de la figura 3.  - Figure 5 is a partial section of the turbine, taken along the line V-V of Figure 3.
- La figura 6 es una representación esquemática de la trayectoria de los flujos de agua de las olas a través de la turbina.  - Figure 6 is a schematic representation of the path of the water flows of the waves through the turbine.
Descripción detallada de un modo de realización Según se muestra en las figuras 1 a 3, la turbina de la invención comprende una carcasa que está compuesta por dos cámaras (1 y 2) coaxiales, simétricas entre sí, en forma de embudos abiertos por sus dos bases (3 y 4) y enfrentados por sus bases menores (3). Estas cámaras son de superficie cónica, de generatriz curvo-convexa, por ejemplo con una superficie en forma de hiperboloide. Entre las bases menores (3) de las dos cámaras va montado el rotor (5) de la turbina, el cual, según puede apreciarse en la figura 4, está constituido por una serie de álabes (6), tres en el ejemplo representado, que parten de un eje central (7). Cada álabe (6) consiste en un cuerpo de forma general ahusada, de sección aproximadamente triangular, que tiene a partir del eje (7) una trayectoria en espiral y está limitado por una superficie externa cilindrica (8), de directriz en espiral, y por dos superficies opuestas (9 y 10) en rampa, simétricas entre sí, las cuales convergen desde la superficie externa cilindrica (8) hasta su intersección en una arista (1 1 ), que discurre en dirección radial respecto del eje (7). La aristas (1 1 ) estará preferentemente redondeadas. La superficie externa cilindrica (8) puede ser de generatriz recta o curva. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF AN EMBODIMENT As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the turbine of the invention comprises a housing which is composed of two coaxial chambers (1 and 2), symmetrical with each other, in the form of funnels open by their two bases (3 and 4) and faced by their minor bases (3). These chambers are of conical surface, of curved-convex generatrix, for example with a hyperboloid-shaped surface. Between the smaller bases (3) of the two chambers is mounted the rotor (5) of the turbine, which, as can be seen in Figure 4, is constituted by a series of blades (6), three in the example shown, starting from a central axis (7). Each blade (6) consists of a generally tapered body, of approximately triangular section, having a spiral path from the axis (7) and is limited by a cylindrical outer surface (8), of spiral guideline, and by two opposite surfaces (9 and 10) in ramp, symmetrical with each other, which converge from the cylindrical outer surface (8) to its intersection in an edge (1 1), which runs radially with respect to the axis (7). The edges (1 1) will preferably be rounded. The cylindrical outer surface (8) can be of straight or curved generatrix.
Según se muestra en las figuras 3 y 5, el rotor (5) va montado entre las bases menores (3) de las cámaras (1 y 2), por ejemplo mediante soportes compuestos por un aro externo (12), que va fijado en el contorno de la base menor (3) de las cámaras (1 y 2), y por un aro interno (13), estando los aros externo (12) e interno (13) relacionados entre sí mediante brazos radiales (14). En el aro interno (13) se monta, por ejemplo mediante un cojinete o rodamiento, el extremo correspondiente del eje (7) del rotor. Otras formas de montaje pueden ser utilizadas. As shown in figures 3 and 5, the rotor (5) is mounted between the smaller bases (3) of the chambers (1 and 2), for example by means of supports composed of an outer ring (12), which is fixed in the outline of the smaller base (3) of the chambers (1 and 2), and by an inner ring (13), the outer (12) and inner rings (13) being interconnected by means of radial arms (14). The corresponding end of the rotor shaft (7) is mounted, for example, by means of a bearing or bearing on the inner ring (13). Other forms of assembly can be used.
Las cámaras (1 y 2), figuras 1 a 3, están dotadas de una pantalla externa (15-16), dispuesta alrededor de la base menor, que tiene forma troncocónica. Las dos pantallas (15 y 16) son simétricas entre sí y están dispuestas en posición divergente, pudiendo adoptar forma de ovoide. Según se muestra en la figura 3, la intersección entre las superficies de las cámaras (1 -2) y de las pantallas externas (15-16) podría ser redondeada, dando así continuidad y/o tangencia entre unas y otras superficies. The cameras (1 and 2), figures 1 to 3, are provided with an external screen (15-16), arranged around the smaller base, which has a conical shape. The two screens (15 and 16) are symmetrical with each other and are arranged in a divergent position, being able to take the form of an ovoid. As shown in Figure 3, the intersection between the surfaces of the chambers (1-2) and the external screens (15-16) could be rounded, thus giving continuity and / or tangency between one and other surfaces.
Estas pantallas sirven como medio para conducir las olas hacia el exterior de la turbina, después de actuar sobre el álabe y evitar los flujos de retorno en la parte simétrica no actuante. These screens serve as a means to drive the waves out of the turbine, after acting on the blade and avoiding return flows in the non-acting symmetrical part.
Las superficies (9 y 10) de los álabes (6) las denominaremos superficies de impacto, por ser las superficies sobre las que inciden e impactan las olas. The surfaces (9 and 10) of the blades (6) will be called impact surfaces, as they are the surfaces on which the waves impact and impact.
Según puede apreciarse en la figura 6, el rotor (5) se monta entre las bases menores de las cámaras 1 y 2, en posición coaxial con las mismas. La turbina se dispondrá en posición sumergida, con el eje (7) del rotor (5) en posición aproximadamente paralela a la dirección en la que se desplazan las olas. As can be seen in Figure 6, the rotor (5) is mounted between the smaller bases of chambers 1 and 2, in coaxial position therewith. The turbine will be in position submerged, with the shaft (7) of the rotor (5) in position approximately parallel to the direction in which the waves move.
Cuando las olas inciden sobre la turbina de la invención en una dirección A, figura 6, la superficie cónica de la cámara (1 ) correspondiente concentra la acción de estas olas y las dirige hacia la superficie de impacto (9) de los álabes (6) que está dirigida hacia la cámara (1 ). El agua seguirá la dirección de la flecha B, conducida entre la superficie de las pantallas (15 y 16) montadas exteriormente en las cámaras (1 y 2). When the waves hit the turbine of the invention in a direction A, figure 6, the conical surface of the corresponding chamber (1) concentrates the action of these waves and directs them towards the impact surface (9) of the blades (6 ) which is directed towards the camera (1). The water will follow the direction of arrow B, driven between the surface of the screens (15 and 16) mounted externally in the chambers (1 and 2).
La misma superficie cónica de la cámara (1 ), que hace que se concentre el agua sobre el rotor (5), sirve también para evitar que el flujo retorne. Parte de las olas que inciden sobre el rotor (5) podría continuar a través de la cámara opuesta (2), según la dirección C, sin causar ningún efecto negativo sobre la acción de las olas que incidieron en la dirección A. The same conical surface of the chamber (1), which causes the water to concentrate on the rotor (5), also serves to prevent the flow from returning. Part of the waves that hit the rotor (5) could continue through the opposite chamber (2), according to the C direction, without causing any negative effect on the action of the waves that hit the A direction.
Al volver las olas en sentido opuesto al descrito, la situación se invierte, actuando entonces las olas sobre la superficie de impacto (10) opuesta, manteniendo el rotor (5) el mismo sentido de giro. When the waves return in the opposite direction to that described, the situation is reversed, then the waves act on the opposite impact surface (10), maintaining the rotor (5) the same direction of rotation.

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
1 .- Turbina, que comprende una carcasa en la que va montado un rotor portador de una serie de álabes, caracterizado por que: - Carcasa está constituida por dos cámaras (1 y 2) simétricas, en forma de embudos de sección cónica, que van abiertos por ambas bases (3 y 4) y están dispuestos en posición coaxial y enfrentados por sus bases menores (3), entre las que va montado en posición coaxial el rotor (5); 1 .- Turbine, which comprises a housing in which a rotor bearing a series of blades is mounted, characterized in that: - Housing is constituted by two symmetrical chambers (1 and 2), in the form of funnels of conical section, which they are opened by both bases (3 and 4) and are arranged in coaxial position and faced by their smaller bases (3), between which the rotor (5) is mounted in coaxial position;
- Los álabes (6) del rotor (5) consisten en cuerpos de forma general ahusada que parten de un eje central (7) con trayectoria en espiral y presentan sección decreciente y están limitados por una superficie externa cilindrica (8), de directriz en espiral, y por dos superficies de impacto (9 y 10) en rampa y simétricas, que convergen entre sí desde la superficie externa cilindrica (8) hasta su intersección en una arista (1 1 ) que discurre en dirección radial respecto del eje central (7). - The rotor blades (6) (5) consist of generally tapered bodies that start from a central axis (7) with a spiral trajectory and have a decreasing section and are limited by an external cylindrical surface (8), of directive direction. spiral, and by two impact surfaces (9 and 10) in ramp and symmetrical, which converge with each other from the cylindrical outer surface (8) to its intersection in an edge (1 1) that runs radially with respect to the central axis ( 7).
2.- Turbina según reivindicación 1 , caracterizada por que cada una de las cámaras (1 y 2) dispone exteriormente, alrededor de la base menor (3), de una pantalla (15-16) de forma troncocónica, dispuestas entre sí en posición simétrica y divergente. 2.- Turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the chambers (1 and 2) has, externally, around the smaller base (3), a screen (15-16) with a conical shape, arranged in position symmetric and divergent.
3.- Turbina según reivindicación 1 , caracterizada por que las cámaras (1 y 2) que conforman la carcasa son de superficie cónica, de generatriz curvo-convexa. 3. - Turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that the chambers (1 and 2) that make up the housing are conical surface, of curved-convex generatrix.
4.- Turbina según reivindicación 3, caracterizada por que la superficie cónica de las cámaras (1 y 2) adopta forma de hiperboloide. 4. Turbine according to claim 3, characterized in that the conical surface of the chambers (1 and 2) takes the form of a hyperboloid.
5. - Turbina según reivindicación 2, caracterizada por que la pantalla de forma troncocónica tiene forma de ovoide. 5. - Turbine according to claim 2, characterized in that the truncated cone shaped screen is ovoid shaped.
6. - Turbina según reivindicación 1 , caracterizada por que los álabes adoptan forma de espiral logarítmica. 6. - Turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that the blades adopt a logarithmic spiral shape.
7. - Turbina según reivindicación 1 , caracterizada por que la superficie externa cilindrica (8) de los álabes (6) es de generatriz recta. 7. - Turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylindrical outer surface (8) of the blades (6) is of straight generatrix.
8.- Turbina según reivindicación 1 , caracterizada por que la superficie externa cilindrica (8) de los álabes (6) es de generatriz curva. 8. Turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylindrical outer surface (8) of the blades (6) is of a curved generatrix.
PCT/ES2015/070817 2014-11-14 2015-11-13 Turbine for harnessing sea wave energy WO2016075355A1 (en)

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ESP201431680 2014-11-14
ES201431680A ES2574132B1 (en) 2014-11-14 2014-11-14 TURBINE FOR USE OF THE ENERGY OF LAS OLAS DEL MAR

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