WO2013189916A1

WO2013189916A1 - Spur-gear transmission

Info

Publication number: WO2013189916A1
Application number: PCT/EP2013/062590
Authority: WO
Inventors: Dieter Grillenberger
Original assignee: Avl List Gmbh
Priority date: 2012-06-19
Filing date: 2013-06-18
Publication date: 2013-12-27
Also published as: DE112013001268A5; AT512916B1; AT512916A4

Abstract

The invention relates to a spur-gear transmission (1), comprising at least two fixed gears (2, 3), which are mounted in the housing and which are drivingly connected to each other by means of at least one intermediate gear (4, 5, 6, 6a, 6b, 6c) that is supported in an oscillating manner, the intermediate gear (4, 5, 6, 6a, 6b, 6c) meshing with at least one fixed gear (2, 3) and being pressed against the fixed gear (2, 3) in a pressing direction by at least one preferably elastic idler element (11, 11a, 11b). In order to enable good damping of the peaks of the drive torques in a rotationally non-uniform drive while achieving the smallest possible installation space, the two fixed gears (2, 3) are connected to each other by means of at least two, preferably at least three intermediate gears (4, 4a, 5, 5a, 5b, 6, 6a) that are supported in an oscillating manner, at least two, preferably three intermediate gears (4, 4a, 5, 5a, 5b, 6, 6a) that are supported in an oscillating manner being combined into a group (G).

Description

Spur gears

The invention relates to a spur gear with at least two solid wheels fixed to the housing, which are drivingly connected to each other via at least one pendulum mounted idler, wherein the idler is in meshing engagement with at least one fixed gear and is pressed by at least one preferably elastic clamping element in a pressing against the fixed gear.

DE 10 2009 027 509 AI describes an arrangement of at least two gear stages in a transmission, wherein each pair of gear stages pairwise engaged, arranged on three shafts gears with centers, which form vertices of a triangle, in which the first side of the center distance the first stage, the second side the center distance of the second stage, and the third side forms the center distance of the two outer shafts. In the area of the central shaft with the center, a device for varying the axial distances is arranged, wherein the device exerts a force on the central shaft in the direction of the third side.

From DE 10 2004 018 263 AI a device for adjusting the backlash for a gear wheels comprehensive camshaft drive of an internal combustion engine is known, wherein an idler is mounted in a structurally separate, limited displaceable intermediate housing, which is spring force in the direction of the camshaft, so that the idler with the Drive gears of the camshaft is engaged.

The US 1 148 478 A discloses a gear transmission wherein the gear play of a camshaft drive is compensated by means of an intermediate gear, which idler gear is pressed by a clamping force against the tooth flanks of fixed to the housing fixed wheels. The clamping force acts in the normal direction on a plane formed by the axes of rotation of the two fixed wheels.

DE 100 02 538 A1 describes a gear drive for an internal combustion engine with a crankcase, wherein the gear drive has a drivable wheel, a driven wheel, and a balance wheel arranged therebetween, which is rotatably mounted on a support plate. Here, the support plate is spaced at least two locations, supported by respective axes of rotation of the driving wheel and the driven wheel on the crankcase, wherein the connection points are formed such that they allow movement of the support plate in the plane of the gear drive relative to the crankcase. Furthermore, a device for loading the support plate with a pre-tensioned nenden force which presses the pinion against the driving and the driven wheel.

Another device for reducing the backlash in a gear transmission is known from US 7 748 288 B2, wherein a movably mounted intermediate is pressed against a driving and a driven gear.

Furthermore, from DE 19 853 635 AI a spur gear camshaft drive an internal combustion engine with a crankcase, a Kurbelwellenrad and a Nockenwellenrad known. Here, between the crankshaft sprocket and the camshaft wheel at least one compensating intermediate wheel is arranged, whose axis of rotation is movable with respect to the crankcase.

By reducing the gear play can be achieved a certain reduction in the transmitted vibrations and the radiated noise.

It is also known to use a spring between the hub and sprocket at least one gear to reduce the gear play. Due to space constraints and other constraints, this solution can not be practiced in every case.

The object of the invention is to realize a possible space-saving manner good vibration isolation for damping the peaks of the drive torque at a drehattan uniform drive.

According to the invention this is achieved in that the two fixed wheels are connected to each other via at least two, preferably at least three, floating mounted intermediate wheels, wherein at least two, preferably three, pendulum mounted intermediate wheels are grouped together.

Under pendulum mounted intermediate gears here intermediate wheels are to be understood, which are mounted on a relative to a housing movable support, such as a freely movable rocker or a pivotable about a fixed axis pivot arm. The carrier is able to perform a defined oscillating movement, wherein the movement is limited by the elastic clamping element by a predetermined clamping force.

In this case, at least one intermediate wheel is rotatably mounted on a pivoting arm and / or a rocker, wherein preferably the pivot arm or the rocker is pressed by the clamping element in the pressing direction, so that gears are braced by at least two toothed wheels meshing with each other of the spur gear. At one end of the swivel arm an idler gear can be rotatably mounted - the swivel arm is pivotally mounted at its other end to a housing-fixed axis.

In a first embodiment of the invention, it is provided that a first intermediate wheel is rotatably mounted on a first pivot arm and a second intermediate on a second pivot arm, wherein each pivot arm is pivotally mounted at the end remote from the respective intermediate wheel about a housing-fixed axis of rotation. Preferably, the axis of the first pivot arm is coaxial with the axis of rotation of a first fixed wheel and the axis of the second pivot arm is arranged coaxially to the axis of rotation of the second fixed wheel.

It is particularly advantageous if two swivel arms rotatably mounted about different axes are connected to each other at their ends receiving the intermediate wheels via a rocker, wherein preferably the rocker is pivotally connected to the first swivel arm and the second swivel arm.

Through targeted and flexible clamping of the gears by means of rockers, pivot arms and elastic elements, an elastic rotational speed support between the crankshaft gear and the accessory gear is generated, which results in a reduction of the rotational inaccuracy-caused torque peaks.

By clamping the gears, a NVH decoupling (NVH: noise, vibration, harshness) can be achieved.

It is that the bearings of the intermediate wheels are not arranged in the housing, but on pivot arms or rockers, which are swingably mounted about a pivot axis or pivot arms is particularly advantageous.

Advantageously, it is provided that two pivotally mounted about different axes pivot arms are connected to each other at their intermediate wheels receiving ends via a rocker, wherein preferably the rocker is pivotally connected to the first pivot arm and the second pivot arm. In order to achieve optimum damping, it is particularly advantageous if the clamping element, preferably in the region of the center of gravity of the rocker, acts on the rocker in a direction normal to a plane spanned by the two axes of rotation of the fixed wheels plane.

In a further embodiment of the invention, a particularly good decoupling can be achieved if two pivot arms are pivotally mounted at their ends facing away from the intermediate wheels about a common axis, wherein the axis is coaxial with the axis of rotation of a fixed wheel, and wo- at the two pivot arms are biased by a force acting between the two pivot arms elastic tensioning element in a defined angular position of preferably about 60 ° to each other.

In a further embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the first and the second idler are drivingly connected to each other via at least one further idler, wherein preferably the further idler is articulated to the first pivot arm via a first rocker and to the second rocker arm via a second rocker , Wherein the articulated connection between rocker and swivel arm takes place in the region of the bearing of the intermediate wheels. Furthermore, it can be provided that the further intermediate wheel is rotatably connected via a third pivot arm with the second fixed gear, wherein the third rocker is pivotally mounted about the axis of rotation of the second fixed wheel.

A good sound attenuation is achieved in particular by the fact that the clamping element in the region of the axis of rotation of the second intermediate wheel in a direction normal acts on a plane spanned by the axes of rotation of the fixed wheels plane.

The intermediate wheels can be arranged in a scissors joint band-like parallelogram.

The tensioning element can be formed by an elastic element, for example a compression or tension spring, wherein a particularly high degree of damping can be achieved if different elastic tensioning elements act on at least two intermediate wheels.

In addition to the NVH (Noise, Vibration, Harshness), there is the advantage that in aluminum housings, the center distances can be formed independent of thermal expansion, since the storage of the intermediate wheels by means of swinging takes place.

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. Show it :

1 shows an inventive front edge gear in a front view in a first embodiment;

Fig. 2, the spur gear of FIG. 1 in a side view;

3 shows an inventive spur gear in a second embodiment;

4 shows an inventive spur gear in a third embodiment; 5 shows an inventive spur gear in a fourth embodiment; and

6 shows an inventive spur gear in a fifth embodiment.

The spur gear 1 has a trained as a fixed gear, for example by a crankshaft 2a, driven first gear 2, an abortive, connected to an auxiliary unit not shown second gear 3, and a plurality of intermediate wheels 4, 5, 6, which arranged in a group G. and are drivingly connected to each other. The intermediate wheels 4, 5, 6 are mounted about axes of rotation 4 ', 5' and 6 '.

In the in Figs. 1 and FIG. 2 illustrated embodiment, the axes of rotation 4 ', 5', 6 'of the intermediate wheels 4, 5, 6 mounted on a rocker 7, wherein the axes of rotation 4', 5 ', 6' are arranged in the embodiment in a common plane 8. The rocker 7 is pivotally connected at its two ends to a first pivot arm 9 and a pivot arm 10, wherein the first pivot arm 9 about the axis of rotation 2 'of the first fixed wheel 2 and the second pivot arm 10 about the rotation axis 3' of the second fixed wheel 3 pivotally is stored. The intermediate wheels 4 and 6 are with the fixed gears 2 and 3 in meshing engagement. In the area of the center of gravity S of the rocker 7, an elastic tensioning element 11 formed by a compression or tension spring acts on the rocker 7 in a direction normal to the plane ε defined by the axes of rotation 2 'and 3'.

The axial distances between the axes of rotation 2 ', 4' and 3 'and 6' on the pivot arms 9, 10 and the axial distances of the axes of rotation 4 ', 5', 6 'on the rocker 7 are constant. By the clamping force 11 of the rocker 7 is imposed a pendulum motion, which is indicated by the arrow P. Since theoretically the first fixed gear 2 can be regarded as held, resulting for the second fixed gear 3 by the elastic pendulum support an elastic rotational speed support, which is indicated by the arrows A. The fixed wheels 2 and 3 are thus torsionally elastic, since the rocker 7 can resiliently oscillate with respect to the housing 12. This results in a reduction of the torque peaks as a result of rotational irregularities. The clamping element 11 may be formed by a linear or progressive spring.

Fig. 3 shows a variant with a first fixed gear 2 and a second fixed gear 3, and a group G of drivingly connected intermediate wheels 4, 5, 6, wherein the intermediate wheels 4, 5, 6, via a first rocker 7a and a second rocker 7b connected to each other. The Swinging 7a, 7b are further pivotally connected to a first and a second pivot arm 9, 10 which are pivotally mounted about a common axis of rotation 2 'of the first fixed wheel 2. Intermediate 4 and second intermediate 6 are in meshing with the first fixed gear 2 in each case. About the pivot arms 9, 10 of the axial distance between the axes of rotation 4 ', 6' of the intermediate wheels 4, 6 and the axis of rotation 2 'of the first fixed wheel 2 is kept constant. The axis of rotation 5, the further intermediate 5 is further connected via a third pivot arm 13 with the second fixed gear 3, wherein the third pivot arm 13 is pivotally mounted about the axis of rotation 3 'of the second fixed wheel 3.

Between the first pivot arm 9 and the second pivot arm 10, the elastic element 11 is arranged. The first and second intermediate wheels 4, 6 are brought by the elastic member 11 with the tooth flanks of the further intermediate gear 5 and the first fixed wheel 2 for conditioning. This results in a distortion of the gears 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and thus a reduction of the gear noise.

4 shows a third embodiment variant of a spur gear 1 according to the invention, which essentially differs from the one shown in FIG. 3, characterized in that a further clamping element I Ia on the group G of intermediate wheels 4, 5, 6 acts, the further clamping element I Ia in the region of the axis of rotation 5 'of the other intermediate 5 in a direction approximately normal to the plane ε attacks. This results in a combination of rotational nonuniformity damping and tooth flank clamping.

FIG. 5 shows a fourth embodiment of a spur gear 1, wherein the intermediate gear group G arranged between a first and a second fixed wheel 2, 3 has four intermediate wheels 4, 5 a, 5 b, 6. The axes of rotation 4 ', 5a', 5b ', 6' are arranged in the form of vertices of a parallelogram and in a four-bar linkage - a scissor-joint-like Association V - on the wings 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d connected to each other. The group G on intermediate wheels 4, 5a, 5b, 6, is pivotally connected to a first pivot arm 9 and a second pivot arm 10, wherein the first pivot arm 9 about the axis of rotation 2 'of the first fixed wheel 2 and the second pivot arm 10 about the axis of rotation. 3 'of the second fixed wheel 3 is pivotally mounted. In the region of the rotary axes 5a ', 5b', a first elastic clamping element 11 engages and exerts a clamping force on the intermediate wheels 5a, 5b, which are thereby pressed against the first and second intermediate wheels 4, 6. Another elastic tensioning element I Ia acts in a direction approximately normal to the plane ε on the group G and supports them elastically relative to the housing 12 from. These Combination of the two clamping elements 11, I Ia allows a combination of rotational nonuniformity damping and tooth flank clamping.

Fig. 6 shows a final embodiment of a spur gear 1, wherein the Zwischenradgruppe G has a total of five intermediate wheels 4, 4a, 5, 6a and 6b. The axes of rotation 4 ', 5' and 6 'of the intermediate wheels 4, 5 and 6 are arranged on a common rocker 7. The rocker 7 is further connected at its ends via a first pivot arm 9 with the first fixed gear 2 and at its other, the first pivot arm 9 opposite end via a second pivot arm 10 with the second fixed gear 3, wherein the connection between the rocker 7 and the Swivel arms 9, 10 is articulated. The first pivot arm 9 is pivotally mounted about the rotation axis 2 'of the first fixed wheel 2 and the second pivot arm 10 about the rotation axis 3' of the second fixed wheel 3. As in the case of FIG. 1 variant shown acts in the region of the center of gravity S of the rocker 7, a first elastic clamping element 11 on the rocker 7, wherein the elastic clamping element 11 is supported on the housing 12.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 6 differs from FIG. 1 essentially by the additional additional wheels 4a, 6a, which are rotatably mounted on additional pivot arms 9a, 10a, which in turn are pivotally mounted about the axis of rotation 2 'and 3' of the first and second fixed wheel 2, 3. The pivot arms 9, 9a and 10, 10a are each pivotally mounted about the same axis of rotation 2 'and 3'. The pivot arms 9, 9a; 10, 10a are supported by other elastic clamping elements I Ia, I Ib in their angular position α against each other, wherein the intermediate wheels 4, 4a; 6, 6a pulled against each other and to the intermediate 5 and the fixed wheels 2, 3 are pressed. The clamping elements 11, 11a, 11b enable a particularly effective damping of rotational irregularity and a high tooth flank tension.

Claims

PATENT APPLICATIONS

1. helical gear (1) with at least two fixed to the housing fixed wheels (2, 3) which are at least one pendulum mounted idler gear (4, 5, 6, 6a, 6b, 6c) drivingly connected to each other, wherein the intermediate wheel (4, 5, 6, 6a, 6b, 6c) is in meshing engagement with at least one fixed wheel (2, 3) and is pressed against the fixed wheel (2, 3) by at least one preferably elastic tensioning element (11, 11a, 11b) in a contact pressure direction , characterized in that the two fixed wheels (2, 3) via at least two, preferably at least three, pendulum-mounted intermediate wheels (4, 4a, 5, 5a, 5b, 6, 6a) are interconnected, wherein at least two, preferably three, pendulum bearing intermediate wheels (4, 4a, 5, 5a, 5b, 6, 6a) are combined to form a group (G).

2. helical gear (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one intermediate gear (4, 4a, 5, 5a, 5b, 6, 6a) on a pivot arm (9, 9a, 10, 10a, 13) and / or a Rocker (7, 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d) is rotatably mounted, wherein preferably the pivot arm (9, 9a, 10, 10a, 13) or the rocker (7, 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d) by the clamping element (11 , I Ia, I Ib) is pressed in the pressing direction, so that gears of at least two toothed wheels of the spur gear (1) meshing with each other are clamped.

3. helical gear (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that at one end of the pivot arm (9, 10, 13) an intermediate wheel (4, 4a, 6, 6a) is rotatably mounted and the pivot arm (9, 9a, 10, 10a, 13) is pivotally mounted at its other end about a housing-fixed axis.

4. spur gear (1) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that a first intermediate gear (4, 4a) on a first pivot arm (9, 9a) and a second intermediate wheel (6, 6a) on a second pivot arm (10, 10a ) is rotatably mounted, each pivot arm (9, 9a, 10, 10a) pivotally mounted on a respective intermediate wheel (4, 4a, 6a) facing away from the end of the pivot arm (9, 9a, 10, 10a) about a housing-fixed axis is.

5. helical gear (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the axis of the first pivot arm (9, 9 a) coaxial with the axis of rotation (2 ') of a first fixed wheel (2) and the axis of the second pivot arm (10, 10 a) coaxial with Rotary axis (3 ') of the second fixed wheel (3) is arranged.

6. helical gear (1) according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that at least two intermediate wheels (4, 5, 5a, 5b, 6), preferably at least three intermediate wheels (4, 5, 6), on a rocker (7 , 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d) are rotatably mounted.

7. helical gear (1) according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that two pivotally mounted about different axes pivot arms (9, 10) at their intermediate wheels (4, 6) receiving ends via at least one rocker (7, 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d), wherein preferably the rocker (7, 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d) is pivotally connected to the first pivot arm (9) and the second pivot arm (10).

8. helical gear (1) according to one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the clamping element (11, I Ia, I Ib), preferably in the region of the center of gravity (S) of the rocker (7), on the rocker (7) acting in a normal direction on a plane spanned by the two axes of rotation (2 ', 3') plane (ε).

9. helical gear (1) according to one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that at least two pivot arms (9, 9a, 10, 10a) at their intermediate wheels (4, 4a, 6, 6a) facing away from the pivotable about a common axis wherein the axis is coaxial with the axis of rotation (2 ', 3') of a fixed wheel (2, 3) is formed, and wherein the two pivot arms (9, 9a, 10, 10a) by a between the two pivot arms (9, 9a ; 10, 10a) acting preferably elastic clamping element (11, I Ia, I Ib) in a defined angular position (oc) are clamped to each other.

10. helical gear (1) according to one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that at least a first and a second intermediate gear (4, 6) via at least one further intermediate gear (5) are drivingly connected to each other, wherein the axes of rotation of the intermediate wheels (4, 5, 6) - preferably in a plane (8) - are arranged on the rocker (7).

11. Spur gear (1) according to one of claims 2 to 10, characterized in that the further intermediate wheel (5) via a first rocker (7a) with the first pivot arm (9) and a second rocker (7b) with the second pivot arm (10) is articulated, wherein the articulated connection between rockers (7a, 7b) and pivot arm (9, 10) in the region of the storage of the intermediate wheels (4, 5, 6) takes place (Fig. 4).

12. Spur gear (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that the further intermediate wheel (5) via a third pivot arm (13) with a second fixed gear (3) is rotatably connected, wherein the third pivot arm (13) is pivotally mounted about the axis of rotation (3 ') of the second fixed wheel (3) (Fig. 4).

13. Spur gear (1) according to one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the clamping element (11, I Ia) in the region of the axis of rotation (5 ') of the further intermediate wheel (5) in a direction normal to one through the axes of rotation ( 2 ', 3') of the fixed wheels (2, 3) spanned plane (ε) acts.

14. Helical gear (1) according to one of claims 3 to 13, characterized in that four intermediate wheels (4, 5a, 5b, 6) are arranged in a scissor-like compound (V) (Fig. 5).

15. Spur gear (1) according to one of claims 3 to 14, characterized in that on at least two intermediate wheels (4, 4a, 5, 5a, 5b, 6, 6a) different elastic clamping elements (11, I Ia, Ib) act ,

16, spur gear (1) according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the clamping element (11, I Ia, I Ib) is formed by a compression or tension spring.

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